2010 Cadillac CTS Owners Manual

Ride Control Systems

Traction Control System (TCS) The vehicle has a Traction Control System (TCS) that limits wheel spin. This is especially useful in slippery road conditions. On a rear-wheel-drive vehicle, the system operates if it senses that one or both of the rear wheels are spinning or beginning to lose traction. On an All-Wheel-Drive (AWD) vehicle, the system will operate if it senses that any of the wheels are spinning or beginning to lose traction. When this happens, the system brakes the spinning wheel(s) and/or reduces engine power to limit wheel spin. The system may be heard or felt while it is working, but this is normal.

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Driving and Operating

or snow and rocking the vehicle is required. See If the Vehicle is Stuck on page 8‑12 for more information. See Winter Driving on page 8‑10
for information on using TCS when driving in snowy or icy conditions.

The TCS/StabiliTrak button is located on the instrument panel (CTS) or the steering wheel (CTS-V). Press and release the TCS/ StabiliTrak button and the traction control system will turn off and the TCS/StabiliTrak warning light will come on. Press the button again to turn the system back on. For information on turning StabiliTrak off and on, see StabiliTrak System following.

Adding non-dealer/non-retailer accessories can affect your vehicle's performance. See Accessories and Modifications on page 9‑3 for more information.

StabiliTrak System The vehicle has an electronic stability control system called StabiliTrak. It is an advanced computer controlled system that assists with directional control of the vehicle in difficult driving conditions. StabiliTrak activates when the system senses a discrepancy between the intended path and the direction the vehicle is actually traveling. StabiliTrak selectively applies braking pressure at any one of the vehicle's brakes to help steer the vehicle in the direction which you are steering.

The TCS/StabiliTrak warning light flashes when the traction control system is limiting wheel spin. The TCS/StabiliTrak warning light comes on if there is a problem with the traction control system. When the TCS/StabiliTrak warning light is on, the system will not limit wheel spin. Adjust your driving accordingly. See Traction Control System (TCS)/StabiliTrak® Light on page 4‑28 for more information. TCS automatically comes on whenever the vehicle is started. To limit wheel spin, especially in slippery road conditions, the system should always be left on, but it may be necessary to turn the system off if the vehicle is stuck in sand, mud

warning light displays, the system is not operational. Driving should be adjusted accordingly. See Driver Information Center (DIC) on page 4‑31 and Messages and Traction Control System (TCS)/ StabiliTrak® Light on page 4‑28 for more information.

The TCS/StabiliTrak button is located on the instrument panel (CTS) or the steering wheel (CTS-V).

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StabiliTrak comes on automatically whenever the vehicle is started. The system should be left on to help assist with directional control of the vehicle. If StabiliTrak needs to be turned off, press and hold the TCS/StabiliTrak button until the TCS/StabiliTrak warning light comes on and STABILITRAK OFF comes on the DIC. More steering effort is required when the system is turned off. If cruise control is being used when the StabiliTrak activates, the cruise control will automatically disengage. When road conditions allow, reengage the cruise control. See Cruise Control on page 8‑41
for more information.

When the system activates, the Traction Control System (TCS)/ StabiliTrak warning light flashes on the instrument panel. A noise may be heard or a vibration may be felt in the brake pedal. This is normal. Continue to steer the vehicle in the intended direction. If there is a problem detected with StabiliTrak, SERVICE STABILITRAK displays on the Driver Information Center (DIC) and the TCS/StabiliTrak warning light comes on the instrument panel cluster. When this message and

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Driving and Operating

Competitive Driving Mode

Competitive Driving Mode To select this optional handling mode, press the TCS/StabiliTrak button quickly two times and STABILITRAK COMPETITIVE MODE displays in the Driver Information Center (DIC). While in the StabiliTrak Competitive Mode, the TCS/StabiliTrak warning light comes on, TCS does not limit wheel spin, and more effort is required to turn the steering wheel. Adjust your driving accordingly. Press the TCS/StabiliTrak button again, or turn the ignition to ACC/ACCESSORY and restart the vehicle, to turn TCS back on and turn the TCS/StabiliTrak warning light off.

Notice: When traction control is turned off, or Competitive Driving Mode is active, it is possible to lose traction. If you attempt to shift with the drive wheels spinning with a loss of traction, it is possible to cause damage to the transmission. Do not attempt to shift when the drive wheels do not have traction. Damage caused by misuse of the vehicle is not covered. See the warranty book for additional information.

Magnetic Ride Control With this feature on the CTS-V, the Magnetic Ride Control system adjusts the ride of the vehicle to Touring or Sport modes. Magnetic Ride Control monitors the suspension system to determine the proper system response.

TOUR: Use for normal city and highway driving. This setting provides a smooth, soft ride. SPORT: Use where road conditions or personal preference demand more control. This setting provides more “feel”, or response to road conditions. The setting can be changed at any time. Based on road conditions, steering wheel angle and the vehicle speed, the system automatically adjusts to provide the best handling while providing a smooth ride. The Touring and Sport modes will feel similar on a smooth road. Select a new setting whenever driving conditions change.

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your foot on the accelerator. Cruise control does not work at speeds below about 40 km/h (25 mph). When the brakes are applied, the cruise control turns off. If the vehicle has the Stabilitrak® system and begins to limit wheel spin while you are using cruise control, the cruise control will automatically disengage. See StabiliTrak System on page 8‑38 . When road conditions allow you to safely use it again, the cruise control can be turned back on.

The Driver Information Center (DIC) briefly displays SUSPENSION MODE TOURING or SUSPENSION MODE SPORT on vehicle startup or when a new mode is selected.

Press and release this button, located in the center of the instrument panel, to change modes.

Limited-Slip Rear Axle Vehicles with a limited-slip rear axle can give more traction on snow, mud, ice, sand or gravel. When traction is low, this feature allows the drive wheel with the most traction to move the vehicle.

Cruise Control

{ WARNING

Cruise control can be dangerous where you cannot drive safely at a steady speed. So, do not use the cruise control on winding roads or in heavy traffic. Cruise control can be dangerous on slippery roads. On such roads, fast changes in tire traction can cause excessive wheel slip, and you could lose control. Do not use cruise control on slippery roads.

With cruise control, a speed of about 40 km/h (25 mph) or more can be maintained without keeping

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Driving and Operating

SET − (Set/Coast): Press to set the speed or make the vehicle decelerate. [ (Cancel): Press to cancel cruise control without erasing the set speed from memory.

Setting Cruise Control Cruise control will not work if the parking brake is set, or if the master cylinder brake fluid level is low. The cruise control light on the instrument panel cluster comes on after the cruise control has been set to the desired speed.

{ WARNING

If you leave your cruise control on when you are not using cruise, you might hit a button and go into cruise when you do not want to.

(Continued)

WARNING (Continued)

You could be startled and even lose control. Keep the cruise control switch off until you want to use cruise control.

1. Press the I button. 2. Get up to the desired speed. 3. Press the SET− button located

on the steering wheel and release it.

4. Take your foot off the

accelerator.

Resuming a Set Speed Suppose the cruise control is set at a desired speed and then the brake is applied. This shuts off the cruise control. But it does not need to be reset. Once the vehicle is driving at about 40 km/h (25 mph) or more, press the +RES button on the steering wheel.

CTS Shown, CTS-V Similar

The cruise control buttons are located on the left side of the steering wheel. I (On/Off): Press to turn the system on or off. The indicator light on the button turns on when cruise control is on. + RES (Resume/Accelerate): Press to make the vehicle accelerate or resume to a previously set speed.

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The vehicle goes back to the previously set speed and stays there.

Increasing Speed While Using Cruise Control To increase the cruise speed while using cruise control: . Press and hold the +RES button

on the steering wheel until the desired speed is reached, then release it. To increase vehicle speed in small increments, press the +RES button. Each time this is done, the vehicle goes about 1.6 km/h (1 mph) faster.

Reducing Speed While Using Cruise Control To reduce the vehicle's speed while using cruise control: . Press and hold the SET– button

on the steering wheel until the desired speed is reached, then release it.

To slow down in very small amounts, press the SET– button on the steering wheel briefly. Each time this is done, the vehicle goes about 1.6 km/h (1 mph) slower.

Passing Another Vehicle While Using Cruise Control Use the accelerator pedal to increase the vehicle's speed. When you take your foot off the pedal, the vehicle slows down to the previously set cruise speed.

Using Cruise Control on Hills How well the cruise control works on hills depends upon the vehicle's speed, load, and the steepness of the hills. When going up steep hills, you might have to step on the accelerator pedal to maintain the vehicle's speed. When going downhill, you might have to brake or shift to a lower gear to keep the vehicle's speed down. When the brakes are applied the cruise control turns off.

Ending Cruise Control There are four ways to end cruise control: . Step lightly on the brake pedal

(manual and automatic transmissions).

. Press the clutch pedal to the floor (manual transmissions).

. Press [ on the steering wheel. . Press I on the steering wheel. Erasing Speed Memory The cruise control set speed memory is erased when the cruise control or the ignition is turned off.

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Driving and Operating

Object Detection Systems

Ultrasonic Parking Assist For vehicles with the Ultrasonic Rear Parking Assist (URPA) system, it assists the driver with parking and avoiding objects while in R (Reverse). URPA operates at speeds less than 8 km/h (5 mph), and the sensors on the rear bumper detect objects up to 2.4m (8 ft.) behind the vehicle, and at least 25.4 cm (10 in.) off the ground.

{ WARNING

The Ultrasonic Rear Parking Assist (URPA) system does not replace driver vision. It cannot detect:

. Objects that are below the

bumper, underneath the vehicle, or if they are too close or far from the vehicle

. Children, pedestrians,

bicyclists, or pets.

If you do not use proper care before and while backing; vehicle damage, injury, or death could occur. Even with URPA, always check behind the vehicle before backing up. While backing, be sure to look for objects and check the vehicle's mirrors.

The display uses three color-coded lights to provide distance and system information and is located above the rear window. It can be seen by looking over your right shoulder.

How the System Works URPA comes on automatically and the display briefly illuminates to indicate the system is working when the shift lever is moved into R (Reverse). If the vehicle is traveling faster then 8 km/h (5 mph) in reverse, the red light on the rear display flashes. Objects must be at least 25.4 cm (10 in.) off the ground and below trunk level, and within 2.4m (8 ft.) from the rear bumper to be detected. The distance may be less during warmer or humid weather. A single beep sounds the first time an object is detected between 1.0 m (40 in.) and 2.4m (8 ft.) away. Beeping occurs continuously when the vehicle is 0.6 m (23 in.) or closer to an object.

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The following describes how the URPA display lights appear as the vehicle gets closer to a detected object:

Description amber light

amber/amber lights

amber/amber/red lights and

continuous beeping for

five seconds

amber/amber/red lights flashing

and continuous beeping for

five seconds

Metric 2.4 m 1.0 m

0.6 m

0.3 m

English

8 ft. 40 in.

23 in.

1 ft.

The system can be disabled through the Driver Information Center (DIC). See “Park Assist” under Vehicle Personalization on page 4‑51 for more information.

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Driving and Operating

When the System Does Not Seem to Work Properly If the URPA system will not activate due to a temporary condition, the message PARK ASSIST OFF will be displayed on the DIC and a red light will be shown on the rear URPA display when the shift lever is moved into R (Reverse). This occurs under the following conditions:

The driver disables the system. The ultrasonic sensors are not clean. Keep the vehicle's rear bumper free of mud, dirt, snow, ice and slush. For cleaning instructions, see Exterior Care on page 9‑110.

. A trailer was attached to the

vehicle, or a bicycle or an object was hanging out of the trunk during the last drive cycle, the red light may illuminate in the rear display. Once the attached object is removed, URPA will return to normal operation. . A tow bar is attached to the

vehicle. The vehicle's bumper is damaged. Take the vehicle to your dealer/retailer to repair the system.

. Other conditions may affect

system performance, such as vibrations from a jackhammer or the compression of air brakes on a very large truck.

If the system is still disabled after driving forward at least 25 km/h (15 mph), take the vehicle to your dealer/retailer.

Rear Vision Camera (RVC) The vehicle may have a Rear Vision Camera system. Read this entire section before using it. The rear vision camera system is designed to help the driver when backing up by displaying a view of the area behind the vehicle. { WARNING

The Rear Vision Camera (RVC) system does not replace driver vision. RVC does not:

. Detect objects that are

outside the camera's field of view, below the bumper, or underneath the vehicle.

. Detect children, pedestrians,

bicyclists, or pets.

Do not back the vehicle by only looking at the RVC screen, or use the screen during longer, higher

(Continued)

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WARNING (Continued)

speed backing maneuvers or where there could be cross-traffic. Your judged distances using the screen will differ from actual distances. So if you do not use proper care before backing up, you could hit a vehicle, child, pedestrian, bicyclist, or pet, resulting in vehicle damage, injury, or death. Even though the vehicle has the RVC system, always check carefully before backing up by checking behind and around the vehicle.

Vehicles Without a Navigation System When the key is in the ON/RUN position and the driver shifts the vehicle into R (Reverse), the video image automatically appears on the inside rear view mirror. Once the driver shifts out of R (Reverse),

the video image automatically disappears from the inside rear view mirror. Vehicles With a Navigation System When the driver shifts the vehicle into R (Reverse), the video image automatically appears on the navigation screen. Once the driver shifts out of R (Reverse), the navigation screen will go back to the last screen that had been displayed, after a delay. The delay that is received after shifting out of R (Reverse) is approximately 5 seconds. The delay can be cancelled by performing one of the following: . Shifting in to P (Park). . Reach a vehicle speed of

8 km/h (5 mph).

There may be a message on the rear vision camera screen that states “Check Surroundings for Safety”.

Rear Vision Camera Error Messages Service Rear Vision Camera System: This message can display when the system is not receiving information it requires from other vehicle systems. If any other problem occurs or if a problem persists, see your dealer/ retailer. Rear Vision Camera Location

The camera is located above the license plate.

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Driving and Operating

The area displayed by the camera is limited and does not display objects that are close to either corner or under the bumper. The area displayed can vary depending on vehicle orientation or road conditions. The distance of the image that appears on the screen differs from the actual distance. The following illustration shows the field of view that the camera provides.

A. View displayed by the camera. B. Corner of the rear bumper.

When the System Does Not Seem To Work Properly The rear vision camera system might not work properly or display a clear image if:

It is dark. The sun or the beam of headlights is shining directly into the camera lens. Ice, snow, mud, or anything else builds up on the camera lens. Clean the lens, rinse it with water, and wipe it with a soft cloth. The back of the vehicle is in an accident, the position and mounting angle of the camera can change or the camera can be affected. Be sure to have the camera and its position and mounting angle checked at your dealer/retailer. There are extreme temperature changes.

Fuel Use of the recommended fuel is an important part of the proper maintenance of this vehicle. To help keep the engine clean and maintain optimum vehicle performance, we recommend the use of gasoline advertised as TOP TIER Detergent Gasoline. Look for the TOP TIER label on the fuel pump to ensure gasoline meets enhanced detergency standards developed by auto companies. A list of marketers providing TOP TIER Detergent Gasoline can be found at www.toptiergas.com.

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The VIN is at the top left of the instrument panel. See Vehicle Identification Number (VIN) on page 11‑1 .

Recommended Fuel If the vehicle has a V6 engine, use regular unleaded gasoline with a posted octane rating of 87 or higher. If the octane rating is less than 87, an audible knocking noise, commonly referred to as spark knock, might be heard when driving. If this occurs, use a gasoline rated at 87 octane or higher as soon as possible. If heavy knocking is heard when using gasoline rated at 87 octane or higher, the engine needs service. If the vehicle has the 6.2L V8 engine (VIN Code P), use premium unleaded gasoline with a posted octane rating of 91 or higher. For best performance, use premium unleaded gasoline with a posted octane rating of 93. In an emergency, you can use regular

The 8th digit of the Vehicle Identification Number (VIN) shows the code letter or number that identifies the vehicle's engine.

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Driving and Operating

unleaded gasoline with an octane rating of 87 or higher. If 87 octane fuel is used, do not perform any aggressive driving maneuvers such as wide open throttle applications. You might also hear audible spark knock during acceleration. Refill the tank with premium fuel as soon as possible to avoid damaging the engine. If heavy knocking is heard when using gasoline rated at 91
octane or higher, the engine needs service.

Gasoline Specifications At a minimum, gasoline should meet ASTM specification D 4814
in the United States or CAN/ CGSB‐3.5 or 3.511 in Canada. Some gasolines contain an octane-enhancing additive called methylcyclopentadienyl manganese tricarbonyl (MMT). We recommend against the use of gasolines containing MMT. See Fuel Additives on page 8‑50 for additional information.

California Fuel Requirements If the vehicle is certified to meet California Emissions Standards, it is designed to operate on fuels that meet California specifications. See the underhood emission control label. If this fuel is not available in states adopting California emissions standards, the vehicle will operate satisfactorily on fuels meeting federal specifications, but emission control system performance might be affected. The malfunction indicator lamp could turn on and the vehicle might fail a smog-check test. See Malfunction Indicator Lamp on page 4‑23 . If this occurs, return to your authorized dealer/retailer for diagnosis. If it is determined that the condition is caused by the type of fuel used, repairs might not be covered by the vehicle warranty.

Fuels in Foreign Countries If you plan on driving in another country outside the United States or Canada, the proper fuel might be hard to find. Never use leaded gasoline or any other fuel not recommended in the previous text on fuel. Costly repairs caused by use of improper fuel would not be covered by the vehicle warranty. To check the fuel availability, ask an auto club, or contact a major oil company that does business in the country where you will be driving.

Fuel Additives To provide cleaner air, all gasolines in the United States are now required to contain additives that help prevent engine and fuel system deposits from forming, allowing the emission control system to work properly. In most cases, nothing should have to be added to the fuel.

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Some gasolines that are not reformulated for low emissions can contain an octane-enhancing additive called methylcyclopentadienyl manganese tricarbonyl (MMT); ask the attendant where you buy gasoline whether the fuel contains MMT. We recommend against the use of such gasolines. Fuels containing MMT can reduce the life of spark plugs and the performance of the emission control system could be affected. The malfunction indicator lamp might turn on. If this occurs, return to your dealer/retailer for service.

However, some gasolines contain only the minimum amount of additive required to meet U.S. Environmental Protection Agency regulations. To help keep fuel injectors and intake valves clean, or if the vehicle experiences problems due to dirty injectors or valves, look for gasoline that is advertised as TOP TIER Detergent Gasoline. Look for the TOP TIER label on the fuel pump to ensure gasoline meets enhanced detergency standards developed by the auto companies. A list of marketers providing TOP TIER Detergent Gasoline can be found at www.toptiergas.com. For customers who do not use TOP TIER Detergent Gasoline regularly, one bottle of GM Fuel System Treatment PLUS, added to the fuel tank at every engine oil change, can help clean deposits from fuel injectors and intake valves. GM Fuel System Treatment PLUS is the only

gasoline additive recommended by General Motors. It is available at your dealer/retailer. Gasolines containing oxygenates, such as ethers and ethanol, and reformulated gasolines might be available in your area. We recommend that you use these gasolines, if they comply with the specifications described earlier. However, E85 (85% ethanol) and other fuels containing more than 10% ethanol must not be used in vehicles that were not designed for those fuels. Notice: This vehicle was not designed for fuel that contains methanol. Do not use fuel containing methanol. It can corrode metal parts in the fuel system and also damage plastic and rubber parts. That damage would not be covered under the vehicle warranty.

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Driving and Operating

Filling the Tank

{ WARNING

Fuel vapor burns violently and a fuel fire can cause bad injuries. To help avoid injuries to you and others, read and follow all the instructions on the fuel pump island. Turn off the engine when refueling. Do not smoke near fuel or when refueling the vehicle. Do not use cellular phones. Keep sparks, flames, and smoking materials away from fuel. Do not leave the fuel pump unattended when refueling the vehicle. This is against the law in some places. Do not re-enter the vehicle while pumping fuel. Keep children away from the fuel pump; never let children pump fuel.

Lamp could turn on. See Malfunction Indicator Lamp on page 4‑23 .

{ WARNING

Fuel can spray out on you if you open the fuel cap too quickly. If you spill fuel and then something ignites it, you could be badly burned. This spray can happen if the tank is nearly full, and is more likely in hot weather. Open the fuel cap slowly and wait for any hiss noise to stop. Then unscrew the cap all the way.

Be careful not to spill fuel. Do not top off or overfill the tank and wait a few seconds after you have finished pumping before removing the nozzle. Clean fuel from painted surfaces as soon as possible. See Exterior Care on page 9‑110. When replacing the fuel cap, turn it clockwise until it clicks once. Make sure the cap is fully installed.

The tethered fuel cap is located behind a hinged fuel door on the passenger side of the vehicle. To open the fuel door, push the rearward center edge in and release and it will open. To remove the fuel cap, turn it slowly counterclockwise. While refueling, hang the tethered fuel cap from the hook on the fuel door. When reinstalling the cap, turn it clockwise until it clicks once, otherwise the Malfunction Indicator

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WARNING (Continued)

. Bring the fill nozzle in contact

with the inside of the fill opening before operating the nozzle. Contact should be maintained until the filling is complete.

. Do not smoke while

pumping fuel.

. Do not use a cellular phone

while pumping fuel.

The diagnostic system can determine if the fuel cap has been left off or improperly installed. This would allow fuel to evaporate into the atmosphere. See Malfunction Indicator Lamp on page 4‑23.

{ WARNING If a fire starts while you are refueling, do not remove the nozzle. Shut off the flow of fuel by shutting off the pump or by notifying the station attendant. Leave the area immediately.

Notice: If a new fuel cap is needed, be sure to get the right type of cap from your dealer/ retailer. The wrong type fuel cap might not fit properly, might cause the malfunction indicator lamp to light, and could damage the fuel tank and emissions system. See Malfunction Indicator Lamp on page 4‑23.

Filling a Portable Fuel Container

{ WARNING

Never fill a portable fuel container while it is in the vehicle. Static electricity discharge from the container can ignite the fuel vapor. You can be badly burned and the vehicle damaged if this occurs. To help avoid injury to you and others:

. Dispense fuel only into

approved containers.

. Do not fill a container while it

is inside a vehicle, in a vehicle's trunk, pickup bed, or on any surface other than the ground.

(Continued)

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Driving and Operating

Towing

General Towing Information Only use towing equipment that has been designed for the vehicle. Contact your dealer/retailer or trailering retailer for assistance with preparing the vehicle for towing a trailer. See the following trailer towing information in this section:

For information on driving while towing a trailer, see “Driving Characteristics and Towing Tips”. For maximum vehicle and trailer weights, see “Trailer Towing”. For information on equipment to tow a trailer, see “Towing Equipment”.

For information on towing a disabled vehicle, see Towing the Vehicle on page 9‑108. For information on towing the vehicle behind another

vehicle — such as a motorhome, see Recreational Vehicle Towing on page 9‑108.

Driving Characteristics and Towing Tips

{ WARNING

The driver can lose control when pulling a trailer if the correct equipment is not used or the vehicle is not driven properly. For example, if the trailer is too heavy, the brakes may not work well — or even at all. The driver and passengers could be seriously injured. The vehicle may also be damaged; the resulting repairs would not be covered by the vehicle warranty. Pull a trailer only if all the steps in this section have been followed. Ask your dealer/retailer for advice and information about towing a trailer with the vehicle.

The vehicle can tow a trailer if it is equipped with the proper trailer towing equipment. To identify the trailering capacity of the vehicle, see Trailer Towing (Except CTS-V) on page 8‑58 or Trailer Towing (CTS-V) on page 8‑59 . Trailering changes handling, acceleration, braking, durability and fuel economy. With the added weight, the engine, transmission, wheel assemblies and tires are forced to work harder and under greater loads. The trailer also adds wind resistance, increasing the pulling requirements. For safe trailering, correctly use the proper trailering equipment. The following information has important trailering tips and rules for your safety and that of your passengers. Read this section carefully before pulling a trailer.

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Pulling A Trailer Here are some important points:

There are many laws, including speed limit restrictions that apply to trailering. Check for legal requirements with state or provincial police.

. Do not tow a trailer at all during the first 1 600 km (1,000 miles) the new vehicle is driven. The engine, axle or other parts could be damaged.

. During the first 800 km

(500 miles) that a trailer is towed, do not drive over 80 km/h (50 mph) and do not make starts at full throttle. This reduces wear on the vehicle.

Vehicles with automatic transmissions can tow in D (Drive) but M (Manual Mode) is recommended. See Manual Mode on page 8‑28 for more information. Use a lower gear if the transmission shifts too often. For vehicles with a manual transmission, it is better not to use the highest gear.

. Use the cruise control when

towing.

. Obey speed limit restrictions.

Do not drive faster than the maximum posted speed for trailers, or no more than 90 km/h (55 mph), to reduce wear on the vehicle.

Driving with a Trailer Towing a trailer requires experience. Get familiar with handling and braking with the added trailer weight. The vehicle is now longer and not as responsive as the vehicle is by itself.

Check all trailer hitch parts and attachments, safety chains, electrical connectors, lamps, tires and mirror adjustments. If the trailer has electric brakes, start the vehicle and trailer moving and then apply the trailer brake controller by hand to be sure the brakes are working. During the trip, check regularly to be sure that the load is secure, and the lamps and trailer brakes are working properly. Towing with a Stability Control System When towing, the sound of the stability control system might be heard. The system is reacting to the vehicle movement caused by the trailer, which mainly occurs during cornering. This is normal when towing heavier trailers.

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Driving and Operating

Following Distance Stay at least twice as far behind the vehicle ahead as you would when driving the vehicle without a trailer. This can help to avoid situations that require heavy braking and sudden turns. Passing More passing distance is needed when towing a trailer. Because the rig is longer, it is necessary to go much farther beyond the passed vehicle before returning to the lane. Backing Up Hold the bottom of the steering wheel with one hand. Then, to move the trailer to the left, move that hand to the left. To move the trailer to the right, move your hand to the right. Always back up slowly and, if possible, have someone guide you.

Making Turns Notice: Making very sharp turns while trailering could cause the trailer to come in contact with the vehicle. The vehicle could be damaged. Avoid making very sharp turns while trailering. When turning with a trailer, make wider turns than normal. Do this so the trailer won't strike soft shoulders, curbs, road signs, trees or other objects. Avoid jerky or sudden maneuvers. Signal well in advance. Turn Signals When Towing a Trailer The arrows on the instrument panel flash whenever signaling a turn or lane change. Properly hooked up, the trailer lamps also flash, telling other drivers the vehicle is turning, changing lanes or stopping.

When towing a trailer, the arrows on the instrument panel flash for turns even if the bulbs on the trailer are burned out. For this reason you may think other drivers are seeing the signal when they are not. It is important to check occasionally to be sure the trailer bulbs are still working. Driving On Grades Reduce speed and shift to a lower gear before starting down a long or steep downgrade. If the transmission is not shifted down, the brakes might have to be used so much that they would get hot and no longer work well. Vehicles with an automatic transmission can tow in D (Drive). Shift the transmission to a lower gear if the transmission shifts too often under heavy loads and/or hilly conditions. For vehicles with a manual transmission, it is better not to use the highest gear.

When towing at high altitude on steep uphill grades, consider the following: Engine coolant will boil at a lower temperature than at normal altitudes. If the engine is turned off immediately after towing at high altitude on steep uphill grades, the vehicle may show signs similar to engine overheating. To avoid this, let the engine run while parked, preferably on level ground, with the automatic transmission in P (Park) for a few minutes before turning the engine off. For vehicles with manual transmissions, let the engine run while parked, preferably on level ground, with the transmission out of gear and the parking brake applied, for a few minutes before turning the engine off. If the overheat warning comes on, see Engine Overheating on page 9‑23 .

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Parking on Hills

{ WARNING

Parking the vehicle on a hill with the trailer attached can be dangerous. If something goes wrong, the rig could start to move. People can be injured, and both the vehicle and the trailer can be damaged. When possible, always park the rig on a flat surface.

If parking the rig on a hill: 1. Press the brake pedal, but do

not shift into P (Park) yet for vehicles with an automatic transmission, or into gear for vehicles with a manual transmission. Turn the wheels into the curb if facing downhill or into traffic if facing uphill.

2. Have someone place chocks

under the trailer wheels.

3. When the wheel chocks are in place, release the brake pedal until the chocks absorb the load.

4. Reapply the brake pedal. Then

apply the parking brake and shift into P (Park) for vehicles with an automatic transmission or into gear for vehicles with a manual transmission.

5. Release the brake pedal. Leaving After Parking on a Hill 1. Apply and hold the brake pedal

while you:

Start the engine, Shift into a gear, and Release the parking brake.

2. Let up on the brake pedal. 3. Drive slowly until the trailer is

clear of the chocks.

4. Stop and have someone pick up

and store the chocks.

8-58

Driving and Operating

Maintenance When Trailer Towing The vehicle needs service more often when pulling a trailer. See this manual's Maintenance Schedule or Index for more information. Things that are especially important in trailer operation are automatic transmission fluid, engine oil, axle lubricant, belts, cooling system and brake system. It is a good idea to inspect these before and during the trip. Check periodically to see that all hitch nuts and bolts are tight. Engine Cooling When Trailer Towing The cooling system may temporarily overheat during severe operating conditions. See Engine Overheating on page 9‑23 .

Trailer Towing (Except CTS-V) Before pulling a trailer, there are three important considerations that have to do with weight:

The weight of the trailer. The weight of the trailer tongue. The total weight on the vehicle's tires.

Weight of the Trailer How heavy can a trailer safely be? It should never weigh more than 450 kg (1,000 lbs). But even that can be too heavy. Speed, altitude, road grades, outside temperature, special equipment, and the amount of tongue weight the vehicle can carry must be considered. See “Weight of the Trailer Tongue” later in this section for more information.

Maximum trailer weight is calculated assuming only the driver is in the tow vehicle and it has all the required trailering equipment. The weight of additional optional equipment, passengers and cargo in the tow vehicle must be subtracted from the maximum trailer weight. Ask your dealer/retailer for our trailering information or advice, or write us at our Customer Assistance Offices. See Customer Assistance Offices on page 12‑3
for more information. Weight of the Trailer Tongue The tongue load (A) of any trailer is an important weight to measure because it affects the total gross weight of the vehicle. The Gross Vehicle Weight (GVW) includes the curb weight of the vehicle, any cargo carried in it, and the people who will be riding in the vehicle. If there are a lot of options, equipment, passengers or cargo in

After loading the trailer, weigh the trailer and then the tongue, separately, to see if the weights are proper. If they are not, adjustments might be made by moving some items around in the trailer. Total Weight on the Vehicle's Tires Inflate the vehicle's tires to the upper limit for cold tires. These numbers can be found on the Certification label or see Vehicle Load Limits on page 8‑12 . Do not go over the GVW limit for the vehicle, or the GAWR, including the weight of the trailer tongue.

Trailer Towing (CTS-V) The vehicle is neither designed nor intended to tow a trailer.

Driving and Operating

8-59

Towing Equipment

Hitches Use the correct hitch equipment. See your dealer/retailer or a hitch dealer for assistance.

The rear bumper on the vehicle is not intended for hitches. Do not attach rental hitches or other bumper-type hitches to it. Use only a frame-mounted hitch that does not attach to the bumper. . Will any holes be made in the body of the vehicle when the trailer hitch is installed? If there are, seal the holes when the hitch is removed. If the holes are not sealed, dirt, water, and deadly carbon monoxide (CO) from the exhaust can get into the vehicle. See Engine Exhaust on page 8‑25 .

the vehicle, it will reduce the tongue weight the vehicle can carry, which will also reduce the trailer weight the vehicle can tow. If towing a trailer, the tongue load must be added to the GVW because the vehicle will be carrying that weight, too. See Vehicle Load Limits on page 8‑12
for more information about the vehicle's maximum load capacity.

For a weight-carrying hitch, the trailer tongue (A) should weigh 10 to 15 percent of the total loaded trailer weight (B).

8-60

Driving and Operating

Safety Chains Always attach chains between the vehicle and the trailer. Cross the safety chains under the tongue of the trailer to help prevent the tongue from contacting the road if it becomes separated from the hitch. Leave enough slack so the rig can turn. Never allow safety chains to drag on the ground. Trailer Brakes Does the trailer have its own brakes? Be sure to read and follow the instructions for the trailer brakes so they are installed, adjusted and maintained properly. Because the vehicle has antilock brakes, do not tap into the vehicle's brake system. If this is done, both brake systems will not work well, or at all.

Conversions and Add-Ons

Add-On Electrical Equipment Notice: Do not add anything electrical to the vehicle unless you check with your dealer/ retailer first. Some electrical equipment can damage the vehicle and the damage would not be covered by the vehicle's warranty. Some add-on electrical equipment can keep other components from working as they should.

Add-on equipment can drain the vehicle battery, even if the vehicle is not operating. The vehicle has an airbag system. Before attempting to add anything electrical to the vehicle, see Servicing the Airbag-Equipped Vehicle on page 2‑40 and Adding Equipment to the Airbag-Equipped Vehicle on page 2‑40.

Vehicle Care

General Information

General Information . . . . . . . . . . . 9-2
California Proposition

65 Warning . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-3

California Perchlorate Materials

Requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-3

Accessories and

Modifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-3

Vehicle Checks Doing Your Own

Service Work . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-4
Hood . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-5
Engine Compartment

Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-6
Engine Cover . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-9
Engine Oil . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-10
Engine Oil Life System . . . . . . 9-12
Automatic Transmission

Fluid . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-13

Manual Transmission

Fluid . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-14

Hydraulic Clutch . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-14
Engine Air Cleaner/Filter . . . . . 9-15
Cooling System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-18
Engine Coolant . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-18
Engine Overheating . . . . . . . . . 9-23
Overheated Engine Protection

Operating Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-24
Power Steering Fluid . . . . . . . . 9-25
Washer Fluid . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-25
Brakes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-26
Brake Fluid . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-27
Battery . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-29
All-Wheel Drive . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-30
Rear Axle . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-30
Starter Switch Check . . . . . . . . 9-31
Automatic Transmission Shift

Lock Control System Check . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-32

Ignition Transmission Lock

Check . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-32

Park Brake and P (Park)

Mechanism Check . . . . . . . . . 9-32
Wiper Blade Replacement . . . 9-33

Headlamp Aiming

Headlamp Aiming . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-34

Vehicle Care

9-1

Bulb Replacement

Bulb Replacement . . . . . . . . . . . 9-37
Halogen Bulbs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-37
High Intensity Discharge (HID)

Lighting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-37
Fog Lamps . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-37
License Plate Lamp

(Sedan) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-38

License Plate Lamp

(Wagon) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-39
Replacement Bulbs . . . . . . . . . . 9-39

Electrical System

Electrical System

Overload . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-40

Fuses and Circuit

Breakers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-41

Engine Compartment Fuse

Block (CTS) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-41

Engine Compartment Fuse

Block (CTS-V) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-45

Engine Compartment Fuse

Block (CTS Wagon) . . . . . . . . 9-48

Rear Compartment Fuse

Block (CTS) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-51

Rear Compartment Fuse

Block (CTS-V) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-53

Rear Compartment Fuse

Block (CTS Wagon) . . . . . . . . 9-55

9-2

Vehicle Care

Wheels and Tires

Tires . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-58
Winter Tires . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-59
Low-Profile Tires . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-59
Tire Sidewall Labeling . . . . . . . 9-60
Tire Designations . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-62
Tire Terminology and

Definitions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-63
Tire Pressure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-66
Tire Pressure for High-Speed

Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-67

Tire Pressure Monitor

System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-68

Tire Pressure Monitor

Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-69
Tire Inspection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-73
Tire Rotation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-73
When It Is Time for New

Tires . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-74
Buying New Tires . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-75
Different Size Tires and

Wheels . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-77

Uniform Tire Quality

Grading . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-78

General Information For service and parts needs, visit your dealer/retailer. You will receive genuine GM parts and GM-trained and supported service people. Genuine GM parts have one of these marks:

Wheel Alignment and Tire

Balance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-79
Wheel Replacement . . . . . . . . . 9-80
Tire Chains . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-81
If a Tire Goes Flat . . . . . . . . . . . 9-81
Tire Sealant and

Compressor Kit . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-84

Storing the Tire Sealant and

Compressor Kit (Sedan) . . . . 9-92

Storing the Tire Sealant and

Compressor Kit (Wagon) . . . 9-93
Tire Changing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-94
Compact Spare Tire . . . . . . . . 9-102

Jump Starting

Jump Starting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-103

Towing

Towing the Vehicle . . . . . . . . . 9-108
Recreational Vehicle

Towing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-108

Appearance Care

Exterior Care . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-110
Interior Care . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-114

Vehicle Care

9-3

GM Accessories are designed to complement and function with other systems on the vehicle. Your GM dealer/retailer can accessorize the vehicle using genuine GM Accessories. When you go to your GM dealer/retailer and ask for GM Accessories, you will know that GM-trained and supported service technicians will perform the work using genuine GM Accessories. Also, see Adding Equipment to the Airbag-Equipped Vehicle on page 2‑40 .

California Proposition 65 Warning Most motor vehicles, including this one, contain and/or emit chemicals known to the State of California to cause cancer and birth defects or other reproductive harm. Engine exhaust, many parts and systems, many fluids, and some component wear by-products contain and/or emit these chemicals.

California Perchlorate Materials Requirements Certain types of automotive applications, such as airbag initiators, seat belt pretensioners, and lithium batteries contained in remote keyless transmitters, may contain perchlorate materials. Special handling may be necessary. For additional information, see www.dtsc.ca.gov/hazardouswaste/ perchlorate.

Accessories and Modifications Adding non-dealer/non-retailer accessories to the vehicle can affect vehicle performance and safety, including such things as airbags, braking, stability, ride and handling, emissions systems, aerodynamics, durability, and electronic systems like antilock brakes, traction control, and stability control. Some of these accessories could even cause malfunction or damage not covered by the vehicle warranty. Damage to vehicle components resulting from the installation or use of non-GM certified parts, including control module modifications, is not covered under the terms of the vehicle warranty and may affect remaining warranty coverage for affected parts.

9-4

Vehicle Care

Vehicle Checks

Doing Your Own Service Work

{ WARNING You can be injured and the vehicle could be damaged if you try to do service work on a vehicle without knowing enough about it.

. Be sure you have sufficient

knowledge, experience, the proper replacement parts, and tools before attempting any vehicle maintenance task.

(Continued)

WARNING (Continued)

. Be sure to use the proper

nuts, bolts, and other fasteners. English and metric fasteners can be easily confused. If the wrong fasteners are used, parts can later break or fall off. You could be hurt.

If doing some of your own service work, use the proper service manual. It tells you much more about how to service the vehicle

than this manual can. To order the proper service manual, see Service Publications Ordering Information on page 12‑12. This vehicle has an airbag system. Before attempting to do your own service work, see Airbag System Check on page 2‑42. Keep a record with all parts receipts and list the mileage and the date of any service work performed. See Maintenance Records on page 10‑11.

Hood To open the hood:

Vehicle Care

9-5

1. Pull the hood release lever with

this symbol on it. It is located inside the vehicle on the lower left side of the instrument panel.

2. Then go to the front of the

vehicle and find the secondary hood release lever. The lever is located under the front edge of the grille near the center. Push the release lever up and raise the hood.

Before closing the hood, be sure all the filler caps are on properly. Then pull the hood down and close it firmly.

9-6

Vehicle Care

Engine Compartment Overview

CTS 3.6 L V6 Engine shown, 3.0 L V6 Engine similar

A. Windshield Washer Fluid

H. Engine Oil Fill Cap. See Engine

Vehicle Care

9-7

Oil on page 9‑10.

I. Engine Oil Dipstick (Out of View). See Engine Oil on page 9‑10 .

J. Hydraulic Clutch Reservoir (If Equipped) (Not Shown). See Hydraulic Clutch on page 9‑14 .

K. Brake Master Cylinder Reservoir

(Out of View). See Brakes on page 9‑26 .

L. Engine Coolant Surge Tank and

Pressure Cap. See Engine Coolant on page 9‑18.

M. Engine Air Cleaner/Filter on

page 9‑15 .

Reservoir. See Washer Fluid on page 9‑25 .

B. Engine Compartment Fuse

Block (CTS) on page 9‑41 or Engine Compartment Fuse Block (CTS-V) on page 9‑45 or Engine Compartment Fuse Block (CTS Wagon) on page 9‑48 .

C. Remote Positive (+) Terminal.

See Jump Starting on page 9‑103.

D. Remote Negative (−) Terminal.

See Jump Starting on page 9‑103.

E. Passenger Compartment Air

Filter. See Passenger Compartment Air Filter on page 7‑6 .

F. Engine Cooling Fan. See

Cooling System on page 9‑18. G. Power Steering Fluid Reservoir

(Under Engine Cover). See Power Steering Fluid on page 9‑25 .

9-8

Vehicle Care

CTS-V 6.2 L V8 Engine

A. Windshield Washer Fluid

Reservoir. See Washer Fluid on page 9‑25 .

H.

Intercooler System Pressure Cap. See Cooling System on page 9‑18 .

Engine Cover

Engine Cover (CTS)

Vehicle Care

9-9

B. Engine Compartment Fuse

Block (CTS) on page 9‑41 or Engine Compartment Fuse Block (CTS-V) on page 9‑45 or Engine Compartment Fuse Block (CTS Wagon) on page 9‑48 .

C. Remote Positive (+) Terminal.

See Jump Starting on page 9‑103.

D. Remote Negative (−) Terminal.

See Jump Starting on page 9‑103.

E. Engine Oil Fill Cap (Out of View). See Engine Oil on page 9‑10 .

F. Engine Oil Dipstick. See Engine

Oil on page 9‑10.

G. Passenger Compartment Air Filter. See Passenger Compartment Air Filter on page 7‑6 .

I. Engine Cooling Fans. See

Cooling System on page 9‑18.

J. Hydraulic Clutch Reservoir (If Equipped) (Not Shown). See Hydraulic Clutch on page 9‑14 .

K. Brake Master Cylinder

Reservoir. See Brakes on page 9‑26 .

L. Engine Coolant Surge Tank and

Pressure Cap. See Engine Coolant on page 9‑18.

M. Power Steering Fluid Reservoir

(Under Engine Cover). See Power Steering Fluid on page 9‑25 .

N. Engine Air Cleaner/Filter on

page 9‑15 .

To remove: 1. Remove the oil fill cap (A). 2. Raise the right front corner of

engine cover (B) to release from the ball stud.

3. Pull the engine cover (B) forward to slide the rear tabs (C) out from under the retainers.

9-10

Vehicle Care

4. Lift and remove the engine

1. Raise the front of engine

cover (A) to release from the ball studs (B).

2. Pull the engine cover forward

until clear of the smaller piece.

3. Lift and remove the engine

cover.

4. Reverse Steps 1 through 3 to

reinstall engine cover.

Engine Oil

Checking Engine Oil It is a good idea to check the engine oil level at each fuel fill. In order to get an accurate reading, the oil must be warm and the vehicle must be on level ground.

cover.

5. Reverse Steps 1 through 4 to

reinstall engine cover. Engine Cover (CTS-V)

To remove: The engine cover consists of two pieces. Only the larger front piece needs to be removed to access the engine oil and power steering fill caps.

The engine oil dipstick handle is a yellow loop. See Engine Compartment Overview on page 9‑6 for the location of the engine oil dipstick. 1. Turn off the engine and give the oil several minutes to drain back into the oil pan. If this is not done, the oil dipstick might not show the actual level.

2. Pull out the dipstick and clean it

with a paper towel or cloth, then push it back in all the way. Remove it again, keeping the tip down, and check the level.

When to Add Engine Oil If the oil is below the cross-hatched area at the tip of the dipstick, add at least one liter/quart of the recommended oil. This section explains what kind of oil to use. For engine oil crankcase capacity, see Capacities and Specifications on page 11‑2 .

Notice: Do not add too much oil. If the engine has so much oil that the oil level gets above the cross-hatched area that shows the proper operating range, the engine could be damaged.

See Engine Compartment Overview on page 9‑6 for the location of the engine oil fill cap. Add enough oil to put the level somewhere in the proper operating range. Push the dipstick all the way back in when through.

What Kind of Engine Oil to Use Look for three things: . GM4718M

This vehicle's engine requires a special oil meeting GM Standard GM4718M. Oils meeting this standard may be identified as synthetic. However, not all synthetic oils will meet this GM standard. Use only an oil that meets GM Standard GM4718M.

Notice: Using oils that do not have the GM4718M Standard designation can cause engine damage not covered by the vehicle warranty. . SAE 5W-30

SAE 5W-30 is best for the vehicle. These numbers on an oil container show its viscosity, or thickness. Do not use other viscosity oils such as SAE 20W-50.

Vehicle Care

9-11

. American Petroleum Institute

(API) starburst symbol

Oils meeting these requirements should have the starburst symbol on the container. This symbol indicates that the oil has been certified by the American Petroleum Institute (API).

This vehicle's engine was filled at the factory with a Mobil 1® synthetic oil meeting all requirements for this vehicle.

9-12

Vehicle Care

Substitute Engine Oil: When adding oil to maintain engine oil level, oil meeting GM Standard GM4718M might not be available. You can add substitute oil designated SAE 5W-30
with the starburst symbol at all temperatures. Substitute oil not meeting GM Standard GM4718M should not be used for an oil change. Engine Oil Additives / Engine Oil Flushes Do not add anything to the oil. The recommended oils with the starburst symbol that meet GM standards are all that is needed for good performance and engine protection. Engine oil system flushes are not recommended and could cause engine damage not covered by the vehicle warranty.

Engine Oil Life System

When to Change Engine Oil This vehicle has a computer system that indicates when to change the engine oil and filter. This is based on engine revolutions and engine temperature, and not on mileage. Based on driving conditions, the mileage at which an oil change is indicated can vary considerably. For the oil life system to work properly, the system must be reset every time the oil is changed. When the system has calculated that oil life has been diminished, it indicates that an oil change is necessary. A “Change Engine Oil Soon” message comes on. See Engine Oil Messages on page 4‑40 . Change the oil as soon as possible within the next 1 000 km (600 miles). It is possible

that, if driving under the best conditions, the oil life system might not indicate that an oil change is necessary for over a year. However, the engine oil and filter must be changed at least once a year and at this time the system must be reset. Your dealer/retailer has trained service people who will perform this work using genuine parts and reset the system. It is also important to check the oil regularly and keep it at the proper level. If the system is ever reset accidentally, the oil must be changed at 5 000 km (3,000 miles) since the last oil change. Remember to reset the oil life system whenever the oil is changed.

How to Reset the Engine Oil Life System Reset the system whenever the engine oil is changed so that the system can calculate the next engine oil change. To reset the system: 1. Turn the ignition to ON/RUN with

the engine off.

2. Fully press and release the

accelerator pedal three times within five seconds. If the “Change Engine Oil Soon” message is not on, the system is reset.

The system is reset when the “Change Engine Oil Soon” message is off.

What to Do with Used Oil Used engine oil contains elements that can be unhealthy for your skin and could even cause cancer. Do not let used oil stay on your skin. Clean your skin and nails with soap and water, or a good hand cleaner. Wash or properly dispose of clothing or rags. See the manufacturer's warnings about the use and disposal of oil products. Used oil can be a threat to the environment. If you change your own oil, be sure to drain all the oil from the filter before disposal. Never dispose of oil by putting it in the trash, pouring it on the ground, into sewers, or into streams or bodies of water. Recycle it by taking it to a place that collects used oil.

Vehicle Care

9-13

Automatic Transmission Fluid

How to Check Automatic Transmission Fluid It is not necessary to check the transmission fluid level. A transmission fluid leak is the only reason for fluid loss. If a leak occurs, take the vehicle to the dealer/retailer service department and have it repaired as soon as possible. There is a special procedure for checking and changing the transmission fluid. Because this procedure is difficult, it should be done at the dealer/retailer service department. Contact your dealer/ retailer for additional information or the procedure can be found in the service manual. To purchase a service manual, see Service Publications Ordering Information on page 12‑12.

9-14

Vehicle Care

Change the fluid and filter at the intervals listed in Scheduled Maintenance on page 10‑3 , and be sure to use the fluid listed in Recommended Fluids and Lubricants on page 10‑7.

Manual Transmission Fluid It is not necessary to check the manual transmission fluid level. A transmission fluid leak is the only reason for fluid loss. If a leak occurs, take the vehicle to a dealer/ retailer for service. Have it repaired as soon as possible. You may also have the fluid level checked by your