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Passing More passing distance is needed when towing a trailer. The combination will not accelerate as quickly and is longer so it is necessary to go much farther beyond the passed vehicle before returning to the lane. Backing Up Hold the bottom of the steering wheel with one hand. To move the trailer to the left, move that hand to the left. To move the trailer to the right, move your hand to the right. Always back up slowly and, if possible, have someone guide you. Making Turns
{ Caution
Making very sharp turns while trailering could cause the trailer to come in contact with the vehicle.
(Continued)
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Caution (Continued)
The vehicle could be damaged. Avoid making very sharp turns while trailering.
When turning with a trailer, make wider turns than normal. Do this so the trailer will not strike soft shoulders, curbs, road signs, trees, or other objects. Avoid jerky or sudden maneuvers. Signal well in advance. If the trailer turn signal bulbs burn out, the arrows on the instrument cluster will still flash for turns. It is important to check occasionally to be sure the trailer bulbs are still working. Driving on Grades Reduce speed and shift to a lower gear before starting down a long or steep downgrade. If the transmission is not shifted down, the brakes might get hot and no longer work well.
Vehicles can tow in D (Drive). Shift the transmission to a lower gear if the transmission shifts too often under heavy loads and/or hilly conditions. When towing at high altitude on steep uphill grades, consider the following: Engine coolant will boil at a lower temperature than at normal altitudes. If the engine is turned off immediately after towing at high altitude on steep uphill grades, the vehicle may show signs similar to engine overheating. To avoid this, let the engine run while parked, preferably on level ground, with the automatic transmission in P (Park) for a few minutes before turning the engine off. If the overheat warning comes on, see Engine Overheating on page 10-20.
Parking on Hills
{ Warning
Parking the vehicle on a hill with the trailer attached can be dangerous. If something goes wrong, the rig could start to move. People can be injured, and both the vehicle and the trailer can be damaged. When possible, always park the rig on a flat surface.
If parking the rig on a hill: 1. Press the brake pedal, but do not shift into P (Park) yet. Turn the wheels into the curb if facing downhill or into traffic if facing uphill.
2. Have someone place chocks
under the trailer wheels.
3. When the wheel chocks are in
place, release the regular brakes until the chocks absorb the load.
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4. Reapply the brake pedal. Then
apply the parking brake and shift into P (Park).
5. Release the brake pedal. Leaving After Parking on a Hill 1. Apply and hold the brake pedal. 2. Start the engine. 3. Shift into a gear. 4. Release the parking brake. 5. Let up on the brake pedal. 6. Drive slowly until the trailer is
clear of the chocks.
7. Stop and have someone pick up
and store the chocks.
Maintenance when Trailer Towing The vehicle needs service more often when pulling a trailer. See Maintenance Schedule on page 11-3. Things that are especially important in trailer operation are automatic transmission fluid, engine oil, axle
lubricant, belts, cooling system, and brake system. It is a good idea to inspect these before and during the trip. Check periodically to see that all hitch nuts and bolts are tight.
Trailer Towing (Sedan With V6 Engine) Before pulling a trailer, three important considerations have to do with weight: . Weight of the trailer. . Weight of the trailer tongue.
Total weight on your vehicle's tires.
Weight of the Trailer How heavy can a trailer safely be? It should never weigh more than 454 kg (1,000 lb). But even that can be too heavy. It depends on how the rig is used. For example, speed, altitude, road grades, outside temperature, and
how much the vehicle is used to pull a trailer are all important. It can depend on any special equipment on the vehicle, and the amount of tongue weight the vehicle can carry. See “Weight of the Trailer Tongue” later in this section. Maximum trailer weight is calculated assuming only the driver is in the tow vehicle and it has all the required trailering equipment. The weight of additional optional equipment, passengers, and cargo in the tow vehicle must be subtracted from the maximum trailer weight. Ask your dealer for trailering information or advice, or write us at our Customer Assistance Offices. See Customer Assistance Offices on page 13-3. Weight of the Trailer Tongue The tongue load (1) of any trailer is an important weight to measure because it affects the total gross weight of the vehicle. The Gross Vehicle Weight (GVW) includes the
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Driving and Operating
curb weight of the vehicle, any cargo carried in it, and the people who will be riding in the vehicle. If there are a lot of options, equipment, passengers, or cargo in the vehicle, it will reduce the tongue weight the vehicle can carry, which will also reduce the trailer weight the vehicle can tow. If towing a trailer, the tongue load must be added to the GVW because the vehicle will be carrying that weight, too. See Vehicle Load Limits on page 9-11.
The trailer tongue (1) should weigh 10 % of the total loaded trailer weight (2). After loading the trailer, weigh the trailer and then the tongue, separately, to see if the weights are proper. If they are not, adjustments might be made by moving some items around in the trailer. Total Weight on Your Vehicle's Tires Be sure the vehicle's tires are inflated to the upper limit for cold tires. These numbers can be found on the Tire and Loading Information label. See Vehicle Load Limits on page 9-11. Make sure not to go over the GVW limit for the vehicle, including the weight of the trailer tongue.
Trailer Towing (Sedan With L4 Engine) The vehicle is neither designed nor intended to tow a trailer.
Trailer Towing (Coupe) The vehicle is neither designed nor intended to tow a trailer.
Towing Equipment
Hitches Use the correct hitch equipment. See your dealer or a hitch dealer for assistance.
The rear bumper on the vehicle is not intended for hitches. Do not attach rental hitches or other bumper-type hitches to it. Use only a frame-mounted hitch that does not attach to the bumper. . Will any holes be made in the body of the vehicle when the trailer hitch is installed? If so, seal the holes when the hitch is removed. If the holes are not sealed, dirt, water, and deadly carbon monoxide (CO) from the exhaust can get into the vehicle. See Engine Exhaust on page 9-23.
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Add-on equipment can drain the vehicle's 12-volt battery, even if the vehicle is not operating. The vehicle has an airbag system. Before attempting to add anything electrical to the vehicle, see Servicing the Airbag-Equipped Vehicle on page 3-32 and Adding Equipment to the Airbag-Equipped Vehicle on page 3-33.
Conversions and Add-Ons
Add-On Electrical Equipment
{ Caution
Some electrical equipment can damage the vehicle or cause components to not work and would not be covered by the warranty. Always check with your dealer before adding electrical equipment.
Safety Chains Always attach chains between the vehicle and the trailer. Cross the safety chains under the tongue of the trailer to help prevent the tongue from contacting the road if it becomes separated from the hitch. Leave enough slack so the rig can turn. Never allow safety chains to drag on the ground. Trailer Brakes Does the trailer have its own brakes? Be sure to read and follow the instructions for the trailer brakes so they are installed, adjusted, and maintained properly. Because the vehicle has antilock brakes, do not tap into the vehicle's brake system. If this is done, both brake systems will not work well or at all.
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Driving and Operating
2 NOTES
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Vehicle Care
General Information
General Information . . . . . . . . . . 10-2
California Proposition65 Warning . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-2
California Perchlorate
Materials Requirements . . . . 10-3
Accessories and
Modifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-3
Vehicle Checks Doing Your Own
Service Work . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-3
Hood . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-4
Engine CompartmentOverview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-5
Engine Oil . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-10
Engine Oil Life System . . . . . 10-12
Automatic TransmissionFluid . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-14
Manual Transmission
Fluid . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-14
Hydraulic Clutch . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-14
Engine Air Cleaner/Filter . . . . 10-15
Cooling System . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-16
Engine Coolant . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-17
Engine Overheating . . . . . . . . 10-20Washer Fluid . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-22
Brakes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-23
Brake Fluid . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-23
Battery . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-25
All-Wheel Drive . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-26
Starter Switch Check . . . . . . . 10-26
Automatic Transmission ShiftLock Control Function Check . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-27
Park Brake and P (Park)
Mechanism Check . . . . . . . . 10-27
Wiper Blade
Replacement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-28
Windshield Replacement . . . 10-28Headlamp Aiming
Headlamp Aiming . . . . . . . . . . 10-29
Bulb Replacement
Bulb Replacement . . . . . . . . . . 10-29
Halogen Bulbs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-29
High Intensity Discharge(HID) Lighting . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-29
LED Lighting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-29
Back-Up Lamps . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-30
License Plate Lamp . . . . . . . . 10-30
Replacement Bulbs . . . . . . . . . 10-31Vehicle Care
10-1
Electrical System
Electrical System
Overload . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-31
Fuses and Circuit
Breakers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-32
Engine Compartment Fuse
Block . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-32
Instrument Panel Fuse
Block . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-35
Rear Compartment Fuse
Block . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-38
Wheels and Tires
Tires . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-40
All-Season Tires . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-41
Winter Tires . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-41
Run-Flat Tires . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-42
Summer Tires . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-43
Tire Sidewall Labeling . . . . . . 10-43
Tire Designations . . . . . . . . . . . 10-44
Tire Terminology andDefinitions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-45
Tire Pressure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-47
Tire Pressure for High-SpeedOperation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-49
Tire Pressure Monitor
System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-49
Tire Pressure Monitor
Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-50
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Vehicle Care
Appearance Care
Exterior Care . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-78
Interior Care . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-82
Floor Mats . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-85General Information For service and parts needs, visit your dealer. You will receive genuine GM parts and GM-trained and supported service people. Genuine GM parts have one of these marks:
Tire Inspection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-54
Tire Rotation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-54
When It Is Time for NewTires . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-56
Buying New Tires . . . . . . . . . . . 10-56
Different Size Tires andWheels . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-58
Uniform Tire Quality
Grading . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-58
Wheel Alignment and Tire
Balance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-60
Wheel Replacement . . . . . . . . 10-60
Tire Chains . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-61
If a Tire Goes Flat . . . . . . . . . . 10-62
Tire Sealant andCompressor Kit . . . . . . . . . . . 10-64
Storing the Tire Sealant and
Compressor Kit . . . . . . . . . . . 10-71
Jump Starting
Jump Starting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-72
Towing the Vehicle
Towing the Vehicle . . . . . . . . . 10-75
Recreational VehicleTowing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-75
California Proposition 65 Warning Most motor vehicles, including this one, contain and/or emit chemicals known to the State of California to
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cause cancer and birth defects or other reproductive harm. Engine exhaust, many parts and systems, many fluids, and some component wear by-products contain and/or emit these chemicals.
California Perchlorate Materials Requirements Certain types of automotive applications, such as airbag initiators, safety belt pretensioners, and lithium batteries contained in Remote Keyless Entry transmitters, may contain perchlorate materials. Special handling may be necessary. For additional information, see www.dtsc.ca.gov/hazardouswaste/ perchlorate.
Accessories and Modifications Adding non‐dealer accessories or making modifications to the vehicle can affect vehicle performance and safety, including such things as airbags, braking, stability, ride and
handling, emissions systems, aerodynamics, durability, and electronic systems like antilock brakes, traction control, and stability control. These accessories or modifications could even cause malfunction or damage not covered by the vehicle warranty. Damage to vehicle components resulting from modifications or the installation or use of non‐GM certified parts, including control module or software modifications, is not covered under the terms of the vehicle warranty and may affect remaining warranty coverage for affected parts. GM Accessories are designed to complement and function with other systems on the vehicle. See your dealer to accessorize the vehicle using genuine GM Accessories installed by a dealer technician. Also, see Adding Equipment to the Airbag-Equipped Vehicle on page 3-33.
Vehicle Care
10-3
Vehicle Checks
Doing Your Own Service Work
{ Warning
It can be dangerous to work on your vehicle if you do not have the proper knowledge, service manual, tools, or parts. Always follow owner manual procedures and consult the service manual for your vehicle before doing any service work.
If doing some of your own service work, use the proper service manual. It tells you much more about how to service the vehicle than this manual can. To order the proper service manual, see Service Publications Ordering Information on page 13-10.
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Vehicle Care
This vehicle has an airbag system. Before attempting to do your own service work, see Servicing the Airbag-Equipped Vehicle on page 3-32. Keep a record with all parts receipts and list the mileage and the date of any service work performed. See Maintenance Records on page 11-16.
{ Caution Even small amounts of contamination can cause damage to vehicle systems. Do not allow contaminants to contact the fluids, reservoir caps, or dipsticks.
Hood To open the hood:
1. Pull the hood release handle inside the vehicle. It is on the lower left side of the instrument panel.
2. Go to the front of the vehicle and
move the secondary hood release lever toward the right side of the vehicle.
3. Lift the hood. To close the hood: Before closing the hood, be sure all filler caps are on properly. Then, bring the hood from full open to within 152 mm (6 in) of the closed position. Pause, then push the front center of the hood with a swift, firm motion to fully close the hood.
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Engine Compartment Overview
Vehicle Care
10-5
2.0L L4 Engine
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Vehicle Care
1. Windshield Washer Fluid
Reservoir. See Washer Fluid on page 10-22.
2. Positive (+) Battery Terminal.
See Battery on page 10-25.
3. Engine Coolant Surge Tank and
Pressure Cap. See Cooling System on page 10-16.
4. Engine Compartment Fuse
Block on page 10-32.
5. Engine Cooling Fan (Out of
View). See Cooling System on page 10-16.
6. Engine Oil Fill Cap. See Engine
Oil on page 10-10.
7. Engine Oil Dipstick. See Engine
Oil on page 10-10.
8. Engine Air Cleaner/Filter on
page 10-15.
9. Brake/Clutch Fluid Reservoir.
See Brakes on page 10-23 and Hydraulic Clutch on page 10-14.
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10-7
2.5L L4 Engine
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Vehicle Care
1. Windshield Washer Fluid
Reservoir. See Washer Fluid on page 10-22.
2. Positive (+) Battery Terminal.
See Battery on page 10-25.
3. Engine Coolant Surge Tank and
Pressure Cap. See Cooling System on page 10-16.
4. Engine Compartment Fuse
Block on page 10-32.
5. Engine Cooling Fan (Out of
View). See Cooling System on page 10-16.
6. Engine Oil Fill Cap. See Engine
Oil on page 10-10.
7. Engine Oil Dipstick. See Engine
Oil on page 10-10.
8. Engine Air Cleaner/Filter on
page 10-15.
9. Brake/Clutch Fluid Reservoir.
See Brakes on page 10-23 and Hydraulic Clutch on page 10-14.
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10-9
3.6L V6 Engine
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Vehicle Care
1. Windshield Washer Fluid
Reservoir. See Washer Fluid on page 10-22.
2. Positive (+) Battery Terminal.
See Battery on page 10-25.
3. Engine Coolant Surge Tank and
Pressure Cap. See Cooling System on page 10-16.
4. Engine Compartment Fuse
Block on page 10-32.
5. Engine Cooling Fan (Out of
View). See Cooling System on page 10-16.
6. Engine Oil Fill Cap. See Engine
Oil on page 10-10.
7. Engine Oil Dipstick. See Engine
Oil on page 10-10.
8. Engine Air Cleaner/Filter on
page 10-15.
9. Brake/Clutch Fluid Reservoir.
See Brakes on page 10-23 and Hydraulic Clutch on page 10-14.
Engine Oil To ensure proper engine performance and long life, careful attention must be paid to engine oil. Following these simple, but important steps will help protect your investment: . Always use engine oil approved to the proper specification and of the proper viscosity grade. See “Selecting the Right Engine Oil” in this section.
. Check the engine oil level regularly and maintain the proper oil level. See “Checking Engine Oil” and “When to Add Engine Oil” in this section.
. Change the engine oil at the
appropriate time. See Engine Oil Life System on page 10-12. . Always dispose of engine oil
properly. See “What to Do with Used Oil” in this section.
Checking Engine Oil It is a good idea to check the engine oil level at each fuel fill. In order to get an accurate reading, the vehicle must be on level ground. The engine oil dipstick handle is a loop. See Engine Compartment Overview on page 10-5 for the location of the engine oil dipstick. 1.
If the engine has been running recently, turn off the engine and allow several minutes for the oil to drain back into the oil pan. Checking the oil level too soon after engine shutoff will not provide an accurate oil level reading.
{ Warning
The engine oil dipstick handle may be hot; it could burn you. Use a towel or glove to touch the dipstick handle.
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Vehicle Care
10-11
Add enough oil to put the level somewhere in the proper operating range. Push the dipstick all the way back in when through. Selecting the Right Engine Oil Selecting the right engine oil depends on both the proper oil specification and viscosity grade. See Recommended Fluids and Lubricants on page 11-13.
Specification Ask for and use engine oils that meet the dexos1™ specification. Engine oils that have been approved by GM as meeting the dexos1 specification are marked with the dexos1 approved logo. See www.gmdexos.com.
2. Pull out the dipstick and wipe it
with a clean paper towel or cloth, then push it back in all the way. Remove it again, keeping the tip down, and check the level.
When to Add Engine Oil
what kind of oil to use. For engine oil crankcase capacity, see Capacities and Specifications on page 12-2.
{ Caution
Do not add too much oil. Oil levels above or below the acceptable operating range shown on the dipstick are harmful to the engine. If you find that you have an oil level above the operating range, i.e., the engine has so much oil that the oil level gets above the cross-hatched area that shows the proper operating range, the engine could be damaged. You should drain out the excess oil or limit driving of the vehicle and seek a service professional to remove the excess amount of oil.
See Engine Compartment Overview on page 10-5 for the location of the engine oil fill cap.
L4 Engine
V6 Engine
If the oil is below the cross-hatched area at the tip of the dipstick, add 1 L (1 qt) of the recommended oil and then recheck the level. See “Selecting the Right Engine Oil” in this section for an explanation of
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Vehicle Care
{ Caution
Failure to use the recommended engine oil can result in engine damage not covered by the vehicle warranty. Check with your dealer or service provider on whether the oil is approved to the dexos1 specification.
Viscosity Grade Use SAE 5W-30 viscosity grade engine oil for the 2.0L L4 engine and the 3.6L V6 engine. Use SAE 5W-20 viscosity grade engine oil for the 2.5L L4 engine. SAE 0W-20 may be used as an alternative. Cold Temperature Operation: In an area of extreme cold, where the temperature falls below −29°C (−20°F), an SAE 0W-30 oil may be used for the 2.0L L4 engine and the 3.6L V6 engine.. An oil of this viscosity grade will provide easier cold starting for the engine at
extremely low temperatures. When selecting an oil of the appropriate viscosity grade, always select an oil of the correct specification. See “Specification” earlier in this section for more information. Engine Oil Additives/Engine Oil Flushes Do not add anything to the oil. The recommended oils meeting the dexos1 specification are all that is needed for good performance and engine protection. Engine oil system flushes are not recommended and could cause engine damage not covered by the vehicle warranty. What to Do with Used Oil Used engine oil contains certain elements that can be unhealthy for your skin and could even cause cancer. Do not let used oil stay on your skin for very long. Clean your skin and nails with soap and water, or a good hand cleaner. Wash or properly dispose of clothing or rags
containing used engine oil. See the manufacturer's warnings about the use and disposal of oil products. Used oil can be a threat to the environment. If you change your own oil, be sure to drain all the oil from the filter before disposal. Never dispose of oil by putting it in the trash or pouring it on the ground, into sewers, or into streams or bodies of water. Recycle it by taking it to a place that collects used oil.
Engine Oil Life System
When to Change Engine Oil This vehicle has a computer system that indicates when to change the engine oil and filter. This is based on a combination of factors which include engine revolutions, engine temperature, and miles driven. Based on driving conditions, the mileage at which an oil change is indicated can vary considerably. For the oil life system to work properly, the system must be reset every time the oil is changed.
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When the system has calculated that oil life has been diminished, it indicates that an oil change is necessary. A CHANGE ENGINE OIL SOON message comes on. See Engine Oil Messages on page 5-35. Change the oil as soon as possible within the next 1 000 km (600 mi). It is possible that, if driving under the best conditions, the oil life system might indicate that an oil change is not necessary for up to a year. The engine oil and filter must be changed at least once a year and at this time the system must be reset. Your dealer has trained service people who will perform this work and reset the system. It is also important to check the oil regularly over the course of an oil drain interval and keep it at the proper level. If the system is ever reset accidentally, the oil must be changed at 5 000 km (3,000 mi) since the last oil change. Remember to reset the oil life system whenever the oil is changed.
How to Reset the Engine Oil Life System Reset the system whenever the engine oil is changed so that the system can calculate the next engine oil change. To reset the system: 1. Using the DIC controls on the
right side of the steering wheel, display REMAINING OIL LIFE on the DIC. See Driver Information Center (DIC) on page 5-25. When remaining oil life is low, the CHANGE ENGINE OIL SOON message will appear on the display. See Engine Oil Messages on page 5-35.
2. Press SEL on the DIC controls
and hold SEL down for a few seconds to clear the CHANGE ENGINE OIL SOON message and reset the oil life at 100%. Be careful not to reset the oil life display accidentally at any time other than after the oil is
Vehicle Care
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changed. It cannot be reset accurately until the next oil change.
The oil life system can also be reset as follows: 1. Turn the ignition on with the
engine off.
2. Fully press and release the
accelerator pedal three times within five seconds. If the CHANGE ENGINE OIL SOON message is not on, the system is reset.
The system is reset when the CHANGE ENGINE OIL SOON message is off. If the CHANGE ENGINE OIL SOON message comes back on when the vehicle is started, the engine oil life system has not been reset. Repeat the procedure.
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Vehicle Care
Automatic Transmission Fluid
Manual Transmission Fluid
When to Check and What to Use
How to Check Automatic Transmission Fluid It is not necessary to check the transmission fluid level. A transmission fluid leak is the only reason for fluid loss. If a leak occurs, take the vehicle to your dealer and have it repaired as soon as possible. The vehicle is not equipped with a transmission fluid level dipstick. There is a special procedure for checking and changing the transmission fluid. Because this procedure is difficult, this should be done at the dealer. Contact the dealer for additional information. Change the fluid and filter at the intervals listed in Maintenance Schedule on page 11-3, and be sure to use the fluid listed in Recommended Fluids and Lubricants on page 11-13.
How to Check Manual Transmission Fluid It is not necessary to check the manual transmission fluid level. A transmission fluid leak is the only reason for fluid loss. If a leak occurs, take the vehicle to your dealer and have it repaired as soon as possible. See Recommended Fluids and Lubricants on page 11-13
for the proper fluid to use.Hydraulic Clutch For vehicles with a manual transmission, it is not necessary to regularly check brake/clutch fluid unless there is a leak suspected. Adding fluid will not correct a leak. A fluid loss in this system could indicate a problem. Have the system inspected and repaired.
The brake/hydraulic clutch fluid reservoir cap has either a symbol or text specifying the type of brake fluid. The common brake/clutch fluid reservoir is filled with GM approved DOT 3 brake fluid as indicated on the reservoir cap. See Engine Compartment Overview on page 10-5 for reservoir location. How to Check and Add Fluid Visually check the brake/clutch fluid reservoir to make sure the fluid level is at the MIN (minimum) line on the side of the reservoir. The brake/ hydraulic clutch fluid system should be closed and sealed.
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Do not remove the cap to check the fluid level or to top off the fluid level. Remove the cap only when necessary to add the proper fluid until the level reaches the MIN line.
Engine Air Cleaner/Filter The engine air cleaner/filter is in the engine compartment on the driver side of the vehicle. See Engine Compartment Overview on page 10-5 for location. When to Inspect the Engine Air Cleaner/Filter Inspect the air cleaner/filter at the scheduled maintenance intervals. See Maintenance Schedule on page 11-3. If you are driving in dusty/dirty conditions, inspect the filter at each engine oil change. How to Inspect the Engine Air Cleaner/Filter To inspect the engine air cleaner/ filter, remove the filter from the vehicle and lightly shake the filter to
release loose dust and dirt. If the filter remains covered with dirt, a new filter is required. To inspect or replace the air cleaner/ filter:
2.0L L4 LTG Engine Shown, 2.5L L4 LCV Engine, and 3.6L V6 LFX
Engine Similar
1. Remove the four screws and lift
2.
the cover out of the assembly. Inspect or replace the engine air cleaner/filter.
3. Lower the cover and secure with
the four screws.
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10-15
See Maintenance Schedule on page 11-3 for replacement intervals.
{ Warning
Operating the engine with the air cleaner/filter off can cause you or others to be burned. The air cleaner not only cleans the air; it helps to stop flames if the engine backfires. Use caution when working on the engine and do not drive with the air cleaner/filter off.
{ Caution
If the air cleaner/filter is off, dirt can easily get into the engine, which could damage it. Always have the air cleaner/filter in place when you are driving.
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Vehicle Care
Cooling System The cooling system allows the engine to maintain the correct working temperature.
2.5L L4 LCV Engine
3.6L V6 LFX Engine
1. Engine Coolant Surge Tank
1. Engine Coolant Surge Tank
and Pressure Cap
and Pressure Cap
2. Engine Cooling Fan (Out
2. Engine Cooling Fan (Out
2.0L L4 LTG Engine
of View)
1. Engine Coolant Surge Tank
and Pressure Cap
2. Engine Cooling Fan (Out
of View)
of View)
{ Warning
An electric engine cooling fan under the hood can start up even when the engine is not running and can cause injury. Keep hands, clothing, and tools away from any underhood electric fan.
Cadillac ATS Owner Manual 7707477) - 2015 - crc - 9/15/14
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{ Warning
Heater and radiator hoses, and other engine parts, can be very hot. Do not touch them. If you do, you can be burned. Do not run the engine if there is a leak. If you run the engine, it could lose all coolant. That could cause an engine fire, and you could be burned. Get any leak fixed before you drive the vehicle.
{ Caution Using coolant other than DEX-COOL® can cause premature engine, heater core, or radiator corrosion. In addition, the engine coolant could require changing sooner. Any repairs would not be covered by the
(Continued)
Caution (Continued)
vehicle warranty. Always use DEX-COOL (silicate-free) coolant in the vehicle.
Engine Coolant The cooling system in the vehicle is filled with DEX-COOL engine coolant. See Maintenance Schedule on page 11-3 and Recommended Fluids and Lubricants on page 11-13. The following explains the cooling system and how to check and add coolant when it is low. If there is a problem with engine overheating, see Engine Overheating on page 10-20.
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What to Use
{ Warning
Adding only plain water or some other liquid to the cooling system can be dangerous. Plain water and other liquids, can boil before the proper coolant mixture will. The coolant warning system is set for the proper coolant mixture. With plain water or the wrong mixture, the engine could get too hot but you would not get the overheat warning. The engine could catch fire and you or others could be burned. Use a 50/ 50 mixture of clean, drinkable water and DEX-COOL coolant.
Use a 50/50 mixture of clean drinkable water and DEX-COOL coolant. This mixture: . Gives freezing protection down
to −37°C (−34°F), outside temperature.
Cadillac ATS Owner Manual 7707477) - 2015 - crc - 9/15/14
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Vehicle Care
. Gives boiling protection up to
129°C (265°F), engine temperature.
. Protects against rust and
corrosion.
. Will not damage aluminum parts. . Helps keep the proper engine
temperature.
{ Caution
If improper coolant mixture, inhibitors, or additives are used in the vehicle cooling system, the engine could overheat and be damaged. Too much water in the mixture can freeze and crack engine cooling parts. The repairs would not be covered by the vehicle warranty. Use only the proper mixture of engine coolant for the cooling system. See Recommended Fluids and Lubricants on page 11-13.
Never dispose of engine coolant by putting it in the trash, pouring it on the ground, or into sewers, streams, or bodies of water. Have the coolant changed by an authorized service center, familiar with legal requirements regarding used coolant disposal. This will help protect the environment and your health. Checking Coolant The vehicle must be on a level surface when checking the coolant level. It is normal to see coolant moving in the upper coolant hose return line when the engine is running. It is also normal to see bubbles entering the surge tank through the small hose. Check to see if coolant is visible in the coolant surge tank. If the coolant inside the coolant surge tank is boiling, do not do anything else until it cools down.
If coolant is visible but the coolant level is not at or above the COLD FILL line, add a 50/50 mixture of clean drinkable water and DEX-COOL coolant. Be sure the cooling system is cool before this is done. If no coolant is visible in the coolant surge tank, add coolant as follows: How to Add Coolant to the Coolant Surge Tank { Caution
This vehicle has a specific coolant fill procedure. Failure to follow this procedure could cause the engine to overheat and be severely damaged.
If no problem is found, check to see if coolant is visible in the coolant surge tank. If coolant is visible but the coolant level is not at the bottom of the fill neck, add a 50/50 mixture of clean, drinkable water and
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{ Warning
You can be burned if you spill coolant on hot engine parts. Coolant contains ethylene glycol and it will burn if the engine parts are hot enough. Do not spill coolant on a hot engine.
Warning (Continued)
for the proper coolant mixture. With plain water or the wrong mixture, the engine could get too hot but you would not get the overheat warning. The engine could catch fire and you or others could be burned. Use a 50/ 50 mixture of clean, drinkable water and DEX-COOL coolant.
{ Caution
In cold weather, water can freeze and crack the engine, radiator, heater core, and other parts. Use the recommended coolant and the proper coolant mixture.
DEX-COOL coolant at the coolant surge tank, but be sure the cooling system, including the coolant surge tank pressure cap, is cool before you do it.
{ Warning
Steam and scalding liquids from a hot cooling system can blow out and burn you badly. Never turn the cap when the cooling system, including the surge tank pressure cap, is hot. Wait for the cooling system and surge tank pressure cap to cool.
{ Warning
Adding only plain water or some other liquid to the cooling system can be dangerous. Plain water and other liquids, can boil before the proper coolant mixture will. The coolant warning system is set (Continued)
Cadillac ATS Owner Manual 7707477) - 2015 - crc - 9/15/14
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Vehicle Care
1. Remove the coolant surge tank
4. With the coolant surge tank
pressure cap from the top chamber when the cooling system, including the coolant surge tank pressure cap and upper radiator hose, is no longer hot. Turn the pressure cap slowly counterclockwise. If you hear a hiss, wait for that to stop. This will allow any pressure still left to be vented out the discharge hose.
2. Keep turning the pressure cap slowly and remove it. Open the surge tank service port cap to the lower chamber
3. Fill the surge tank top chamber
with the proper DEX-COOL coolant mixture to the bottom of the fill neck. The top chamber needs to be completely full. Fill the surge tank bottom chamber through the service port to approximately half.
pressure cap off and the surge tank service port cap open, start the engine and let it run until you can feel the upper radiator hose getting hot. Watch out for the engine cooling fan. By this time, the coolant level inside the coolant surge tank top chamber may be lower. If the level is lower, add more of the proper DEX-COOL coolant mixture to the surge tank top chamber until the level reaches the bottom of the fill neck.
5. Replace the surge tank pressure
cap tightly and close the surge tank service port cap. { Caution
If the pressure cap is not tightly installed, coolant loss and possible engine damage may occur. Be sure the cap is properly and tightly secured.
Check the level in the surge tank top and bottom chambers when the cooling system has cooled down. If the coolant is not at the proper levels, repeat Steps 1–3 and reinstall the pressure cap and close the service port. If the coolant still is not at the proper levels when the system cools down again, see your dealer.
Engine Overheating The vehicle has several indicators to warn of the engine overheating. There is an engine coolant temperature gauge and an engine coolant temperature warning light on the instrument cluster See Engine Coolant Temperature Gauge on page 5-13 and Engine Coolant Temperature Warning Light on page 5-22. The vehicle may also display a message on the Driver Information Center (DIC). See Engine Cooling System Messages on page 5-34.
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If the decision is made not to lift the hood when this warning appears, get service help right away. See Roadside Service on page 13-5. If the decision is made to lift the hood, make sure the vehicle is parked on a level surface. Then check to see if the engine cooling fan is running. If the engine is overheating, the fan should be running. If it is not, do not continue to run the engine. Have the vehicle serviced.
{ Caution
Running the engine without coolant may cause damage or a fire. Vehicle damage would not be covered by the vehicle warranty.
If Steam Is Coming from the Engine Compartment { Warning
Steam from an overheated engine can burn you badly, even if you just open the hood. Stay away from the engine if you see or hear steam coming from it. Just turn it off and get everyone away from the vehicle until it cools down. Wait until there is no sign of steam or coolant before you open the hood. If you keep driving when the engine is overheated, the liquids in it can catch fire. You or others could be badly burned. Stop the engine if it overheats, and get out of the vehicle until the engine is cool.
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If No Steam Is Coming from the Engine Compartment If an engine overheat warning is displayed but no steam can be seen or heard, the problem may not be too serious. Sometimes the engine can get a little too hot when the vehicle: . Climbs a long hill on a hot day. . Stops after high-speed driving. Idles for long periods in traffic.
If the overheat warning is displayed with no sign of steam: 1. Turn the air conditioning off. 2. Turn the heater on to the highest
temperature and to the highest fan speed. Open the windows as necessary.
3. When it is safe to do so, pull off
the road, shift to P (Park) or N (Neutral) for an automatic transmission or Neutral for a manual transmission, and let the engine idle.
Cadillac ATS Owner Manual 7707477) - 2015 - crc - 9/15/14
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Vehicle Care
If the engine coolant temperature gauge is no longer in the overheated area or the engine coolant temperature warning light no longer displays, the vehicle can be driven. Continue to drive the vehicle slowly for about 10 minutes. Keep a safe vehicle distance from the vehicle in front. If the warning does not come back on, continue to drive normally and have the cooling system checked for proper fill and function. If the warning continues, pull over, stop, and park the vehicle right away. If there is no sign of steam, idle the engine for three minutes while parked. If the warning is still displayed, turn off the engine until it cools down.
Washer Fluid
What to Use When windshield washer fluid is needed, be sure to read the manufacturer's instructions before use. If operating the vehicle in an area where the temperature may fall below freezing, use a fluid that has sufficient protection against freezing. Adding Washer Fluid
Open the cap with the washer symbol on it. Add washer fluid until the tank is full. See Engine Compartment Overview on page 10-5 for reservoir location.
{ Caution
. Do not use engine coolant
(antifreeze) in the windshield washer. It can damage the windshield washer system and paint.
. Do not mix water with
ready-to-use washer fluid. Water can cause the solution to freeze and damage the washer fluid tank and other parts of the washer system.
. When using concentrated
washer fluid, follow the manufacturer instructions for adding water.
. Fill the washer fluid tank only
three-quarters full when it is very cold. This allows for fluid expansion if freezing occurs, which could damage the tank if it is completely full.
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performance expected can change in many other ways if the wrong replacement brake parts are installed or parts are improperly installed.
Brake Fluid
The brake/clutch master cylinder reservoir is filled with DOT 3 brake fluid as indicated on the reservoir cap. See Engine Compartment Overview on page 10-5 for the location of the reservoir.
Brakes Disc brake pads have built-in wear indicators that make a high-pitched warning sound when the brake pads are worn and new pads are needed. The sound can come and go or be heard all the time when the vehicle is moving, except when applying the brake pedal firmly.
{ Warning
The brake wear warning sound means that soon the brakes will not work well. That could lead to a crash. When the brake wear warning sound is heard, have the vehicle serviced.
{ Caution
Continuing to drive with worn-out brake pads could result in costly brake repair.
Some driving conditions or climates can cause a brake squeal when the brakes are first applied or lightly applied. This does not mean something is wrong with the brakes. Properly torqued wheel nuts are necessary to help prevent brake pulsation. When tires are rotated, inspect brake pads for wear and evenly tighten wheel nuts in the proper sequence to torque specifications. See Capacities and Specifications on page 12-2. Brake pads should be replaced as complete sets. Brake Pedal Travel See your dealer if the brake pedal does not return to normal height, or if there is a rapid increase in pedal travel. This could be a sign that brake service may be required. Replacing Brake System Parts Always replace brake system parts with new, approved replacement parts. If this is not done, the brakes may not work properly. The braking
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Vehicle Care
There are only two reasons why the brake fluid level in the reservoir might go down:
The brake fluid level goes down because of normal brake lining wear. When new linings are installed, the fluid level goes back up.
. A fluid leak in the brake/clutch
hydraulic system can also cause a low fluid level. Have the brake/ clutch hydraulic system fixed, since a leak means that sooner or later the brakes will not work well.
Do not top off the brake/clutch fluid. Adding fluid does not correct a leak. If fluid is added when the linings are worn, there will be too much fluid when new brake linings are installed. Add or remove fluid, as necessary, only when work is done on the brake/clutch hydraulic system.
{ Warning
If too much brake fluid is added, it can spill on the engine and burn, if the engine is hot enough. You or others could be burned, and the vehicle could be damaged. Add brake fluid only when work is done on the brake/clutch hydraulic system.
Checking Brake Fluid The brake/clutch fluid can be checked without taking off the cap by looking at the brake/clutch fluid reservoir. The fluid level should be above MIN. If it is not, have the brake/ clutch hydraulic system checked to see if there is a leak. After work is done on the brake/ clutch hydraulic system, make sure the level is above MIN but not over the MAX mark.
When the brake/clutch fluid falls to a low level, the brake warning light comes on. See Brake System Warning Light on page 5-18.
What to Add Use only new GM approved DOT 3
brake fluid from a sealed container. See Recommended Fluids and Lubricants on page 11-13. Always clean the brake/clutch fluid reservoir cap and the area around the cap before removing it. This helps keep dirt from entering the reservoir.{ Warning
With the wrong kind of fluid in the brake/clutch hydraulic system, the brakes might not work well. This could cause a crash. Always use the proper brake/clutch fluid.
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{ Caution
. Using the wrong fluid can
badly damage brake/clutch hydraulic system parts. For example, just a few drops of mineral-based oil, such as engine oil, in the brake hydraulic system can damage brake hydraulic system parts so badly that they will have to be replaced. Do not let someone put in the wrong kind of fluid.
. If brake fluid is spilled on the
vehicle's painted surfaces, the paint finish can be damaged. Be careful not to spill brake fluid on the vehicle. If you do, wash it off immediately.
Battery The original equipment battery is maintenance free. Do not remove the cap and do not add fluid.
The battery is in the trunk, beneath the trim panel, on the driver side of the vehicle. Refer to the replacement number shown on the original battery label when a new battery is needed.
{ Warning
Battery posts, terminals, and related accessories contain lead and lead compounds, chemicals known to the State of California to cause cancer and reproductive harm. Wash hands after handling.
After a power loss, such as disconnecting the battery or removing the maxi fuses in the power distribution fuse block, the following steps must be performed to calibrate the electronic throttle control. If this is not done, the engine will not run properly. 1. Turn the ignition on but do not
start the engine.
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10-25
2. Leave the ignition on for at least
three minutes so that the electronic throttle control will cycle and relearn its home position.
3. Turn the ignition off. 4. Start and run the engine for at
least 30 seconds.
Vehicle Storage
{ Warning
Batteries have acid that can burn you and gas that can explode. You can be badly hurt if you are not careful. See Jump Starting on page 10-72 for tips on working around a battery without getting hurt.
Infrequent Usage: Remove the black, negative (−) cable from the battery to keep the battery from running down.
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Vehicle Care
Extended Storage: Remove the black, negative (−) cable from the battery or use a battery trickle charger.
All-Wheel Drive If the vehicle is equipped with All-Wheel-Drive (AWD), this is an additional system that needs lubrication. Transfer Case
When to Check Lubricant It is not necessary to regularly check the transfer case fluid unless a leak is suspected or an unusual noise is heard. A fluid loss could indicate a problem. Have it inspected and repaired.
How to Check Lubricant
2. Drain Plug
To get an accurate reading, the vehicle should be on a level surface. If the level is below the bottom of the fill plug hole, on the transfer case, some lubricant will need to be added. Add enough lubricant to raise the level to the bottom of the fill plug hole. Use care not to overtighten the fill plug.
What to Use Refer to the Maintenance Schedule to determine what kind of lubricant to use. See Recommended Fluids and Lubricants on page 11-13.
Starter Switch Check
{ Warning When you are doing this inspection, the vehicle could move suddenly. If the vehicle moves, you or others could be injured.
1. Fill Plug
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1. Before starting this check, be
sure there is enough room around the vehicle.
2. Apply both the parking brake
and the regular brake. Do not use the accelerator pedal, and be ready to turn off the engine immediately if it starts.
3. For automatic transmission
vehicles, try to start the engine in each gear. The vehicle should start only in P (Park) or N (Neutral). If the vehicle starts in any other position, contact your dealer for service. For manual transmission vehicles, put the shift lever in Neutral, push the clutch pedal down halfway, and try to start the engine. The vehicle should start only when the clutch pedal is pushed down all the way to the floor. If the vehicle starts when the clutch pedal is not pushed all the way down, contact your dealer for service.
Automatic Transmission Shift Lock Control Function Check
{ Warning When you are doing this inspection, the vehicle could move suddenly. If the vehicle moves, you or others could be injured.
1. Before starting this check, be
sure there is enough room around the vehicle. It should be parked on a level surface.
2. Apply the parking brake. Be
ready to apply the regular brake immediately if the vehicle begins to move.
3. With the engine off, turn the
ignition on, but do not start the engine. Without applying the regular brake, try to move the shift lever out of P (Park) with
Vehicle Care
10-27
normal effort. If the shift lever moves out of P (Park), contact your dealer for service.
Park Brake and P (Park) Mechanism Check { Warning
When you are doing this check, the vehicle could begin to move. You or others could be injured and property could be damaged. Make sure there is room in front of the vehicle in case it begins to roll. Be ready to apply the regular brake at once should the vehicle begin to move.
Park on a fairly steep hill, with the vehicle facing downhill. Keeping your foot on the regular brake, set the parking brake.
To check the parking brake's holding ability: With the engine running and the transmission in N (Neutral), slowly remove foot
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Vehicle Care
pressure from the regular brake pedal. Do this until the vehicle is held by the parking brake only. To check the P (Park) mechanism's holding ability: With the engine running, shift to P (Park). Then release the parking brake followed by the regular brake.
Contact your dealer if service is required.
Wiper Blade Replacement Windshield wiper blades should be inspected for wear and cracking. See Maintenance Schedule on page 11-3. Replacement blades come in different types and are removed in different ways. For proper type and length, see Maintenance Replacement Parts on page 11-15.
To replace the windshield wiper blade: 1. Pull the windshield wiper assembly away from the windshield.
2. Lift up on the latch in the middle
of the wiper blade where the wiper arm attaches.
3. With the latch open, pull the wiper blade down toward the windshield far enough to release it from the J-hooked end of the wiper arm.
4. Remove the wiper blade.
Allowing the wiper blade arm to touch the windshield when no wiper blade is installed could damage the windshield. Any damage that occurs would not be covered by the vehicle warranty. Do not allow the wiper blade arm to touch the windshield.
5. Reverse Steps 1–3 for wiper
blade replacement.
Windshield Replacement The windshield is part of the HUD system. If the vehicle has to have the windshield replaced, get one that is designed for HUD or the HUD image may look out of focus.
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Headlamp Aiming Headlamp aim has been preset and should need no further adjustment. If the vehicle is damaged in a crash, the headlamp aim may be affected. If adjustment to the headlamps is necessary, see your dealer.
Bulb Replacement For the proper type of replacement bulbs, see Replacement Bulbs on page 10-31. For any bulb‐changing procedure not listed in this section, contact your dealer.
Halogen Bulbs
{ Warning
