2016 Volvo V60 Owners Manual

(p. 113).

Symbol Message

"Message"

Meaning/Action • Read the combined instrument panel's message.

Handbrake not fully released

A flashing symbol indicates that the parking brake is applied. If the symbol flashes in any other situation then this means that a fault has arisen. • Read the combined instrument panel's message. A fault is preventing the parking brake from being released: • Try to apply and release the brake. If the fault persists after a few attempts: • Visit a workshop - an authorised Volvo workshop is recommended. Note: A warning signal sounds if the journey is continued with this error message.

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08 Starting and driving || Symbol Message

Meaning/Action

Handbrake not applied

A fault is preventing the parking brake from being applied: • Try to release and apply the brake. If the fault persists after a few attempts: • Visit a workshop - an authorised Volvo workshop is recommended. The message is also illuminated on cars with manual gearbox when the car is driven at low speed with the door open in order to alert the driver that the parking brake may have been unintentionally disengaged.

Handbrake Service required

A fault has arisen: • Try to apply and release the brake. If the fault persists after a few attempts: • Visit a workshop - an authorised Volvo workshop is recommended.

If the car has to be parked before a possible fault has been rectified, then the wheels must be turned as if parking on a hill and 1st gear engaged (manual gearbox) or the gear selec- tor must be in position P (automatic gearbox). A text message can be acknowledged by briefly pressing the OK button on the direc- tion indicator stalk.

Related information • Foot brake (p. 302)

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308

Driving in water Fording means that the car is driven through a water-covered roadway. Fording must be car- ried out with great caution.

The car can be driven through water at a maximum depth of 25 cm (30 cm with V60
Cross Country) at a maximum speed of walk- ing pace. Extra caution must be exercised when passing through flowing water. During driving in water, maintain a low speed and do not stop the car. When the water has been passed, depress the brake pedal lightly and check that full brake function is achieved. Water and mud for example can make the brake linings wet resulting in delayed brake function. • Clean the electric contacts of the electric engine block heater* and trailer coupling after driving in water and mud.

• Do not let the car stand with water over the sills for any long period of time - this could cause electrical malfunctions.

IMPORTANT

Engine damage can occur if water enters the air filter. In depths greater than 25 cm (30 cm with V60 Cross Country), water could enter the transmission. This reduces the lubricating ability of the oils and shortens the service life of these systems. Damage to any component, engine, trans- mission, turbocharger, differential or its internal components caused by flooding, hydrostatic locking or oil shortage, is not covered by the warranty. In the event of the engine stalling in water, do not try restart - tow the car from the water to a workshop - an authorised Volvo workshop is recommended. Risk of engine breakdown.

Related information • Recovery (p. 329) • Towing (p. 327)

08 Starting and driving

Overheating Under special conditions, for example hard driving in hilly terrain and hot climate, there is a risk that the engine and drive system may overheat - in particular with a heavy load.

For information about overheating when driv- ing with a trailer, see Driving with a trailer* (p. 319). • Remove any auxiliary lamps from in front of the grille when driving in hot climates. • If the temperature in the engine's cooling system is too high then a warning symbol is illuminated in the combined instrument panel's information display and a text message High engine temperature Stop safely is shown there - stop the car in a safe way and allow the engine to run at idling speed for several minutes in order to cool down.

• If the text message High engine

temperature Turn off engine or Engine coolant level low Stop safely is shown then the engine must be switched off after stopping the car.

• In the event of overheating in the gearbox a built-in protection function is activated which, amongst other things, illuminates a warning symbol in the combined instru- ment panel, and its display shows the text message Transmission hot Reduce speed or Transmission hot Stop safely Wait for cooling - follow the recommen- dation given and lower the speed and

* Option/accessory, for more information, see Introduction.

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08 Starting and driving

stop the car in a safe way and allow the engine to run at idling speed for a few minutes in order to allow the gearbox to cool down.

• If the car overheats, the air conditioning

may be switched off temporarily.

• Do not turn the engine off immediately

you stop after a hard drive.

NOTE

Driving with open tailgate/boot lid When driving with the tailgate open, toxic exhaust fumes can be sucked into the car through the cargo area.

WARNING

Do not drive with an open tailgate! Toxic exhaust fumes could be drawn into the car through the cargo area.

It is normal for the engine's cooling fan to operate for a time after the engine has been switched off.

Related information • Loading (p. 154)

Overload - starter battery The electrical functions in the car load the starter battery (p. 390) to varying degrees. Avoid using the key position II (p. 81) when the engine is switched off. Instead use posi- tion I - which uses less power.

Also, be aware of different accessories that load the electrical system. Do not use func- tions which use a lot of power when the engine is switched off. Examples of such functions are: • ventilation fan • headlamps • windscreen wiper • audio system (high volume). If the starter battery voltage is low then the combined instrument panel's information dis- play shows the text Low battery charge Power save mode. The energy-saving func- tion then shuts down certain functions or reduces certain functions such as the ventila- tion fan and/or audio system. –

In which case, charge the starter battery by starting the engine and then running it for at least 15 minutes - starter battery charging is more effective during driving than running the engine at idling speed while stationary.

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08 Starting and driving

starter battery and its capacity is reduced by the cold.

• Use washer fluid (p. 389) to avoid ice forming in the washer fluid reservoir.

To achieve optimum roadholding Volvo rec- ommends using winter tyres on all wheels if there is a risk of snow or ice.

NOTE

The use of winter tyres is a legal require- ment in certain countries. Studded tyres are not permitted in all countries.

Slippery driving conditions Practise driving on slippery surfaces under controlled conditions to learn how the car reacts.

Related information • Winter driving (p. 311)

Before a long journey Before a long journey, it makes good sense to go through the following points: • Check that the engine is working normally and that fuel consumption (p. 435) is nor- mal.

• Make sure that there are no leaks (fuel, oil

or other fluid).

• Check all bulbs and tyre tread depths. • Carrying a warning triangle (p. 342) is a legal requirement in certain countries.

Related information • Engine oil - checking and filling (p. 374) • Changing wheels - removing wheels

(p. 339)

• Lamp replacement - general (p. 380)

Winter driving For winter driving it is important to perform certain checks in order to ensure that the car can be driven safely.

Check the following in particular before the cold season: • The engine coolant (p. 378) must contain

50% glycol. This mixture protects the engine against frost erosion down to approximately –35 °C. To avoid health risks, different types of glycol must not be mixed.

• The fuel tank must be kept filled to pre-

vent condensation.

• Engine oil viscosity is important. Oils with lower viscosity (thinner oils) facilitate star- ting in cold weather and also reduce fuel consumption while the engine is cold. For more information on suitable oils, see Engine oil - adverse driving conditions (p. 426).

IMPORTANT

Low viscosity oil must not be used for hard driving or in hot weather.

• The condition of the starter battery and

charge level must be inspected. Cold weather places great demands on the

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08 Starting and driving

Fuel filler flap - Opening/closing The fuel filler flap can be opened/closed as follows:

Opening/closing the fuel filler flap

Fuel filler flap - manual opening The fuel filler flap can be opened manually when electric opening from the passenger compartment is not possible.

Filling up with fuel Important things to consider when refuelling.

Opening/closing the fuel cap

Open the fuel filler flap using the button on the lighting panel - the flap opens when the button is released.

In the combined instrument panel's display the arrow on the symbol indi-

cates which side of the car the fuel cap is located. • Close the fuel filler flap by pressing it in

until a click confirms that it is closed.

Related information • Filling up with fuel (p. 312)

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312

1. Open/remove the side hatch in the cargo

area (same side as fuel filler flap).

2. Expand/open a perforated section in the

isolation and locate a green cord with handle.

3. Pull the cord gently straight back until the

fuel filler flap folds out with a "click".

IMPORTANT

Pull the wire gently - minimal force is required to disengage the hatch lock.

Related information • Filling up with fuel (p. 312)

The fuel filler cap can be attached onto the flap. A certain overpressure may arise in the tank in the event of high outside temperatures. Open the cap slowly. • After refuelling - refit the cap and turn it

until one or more clicking sounds are heard.

Filling up with fuel • Do not overfill the tank but fill until the

pump nozzle cuts out.

NOTE

Excess fuel in the tank can overflow in hot weather.

08 Starting and driving

IMPORTANT

Mixtures of various fuel types or use of fuels which are not recommended will invalidate Volvo's guarantees and any sup- plementary service agreements; this is applicable to all engines.

NOTE

Extreme weather conditions, driving with a trailer or driving at high altitudes in combi- nation with fuel grade are factors that could affect the car's performance.

Related information • Economical driving (p. 318) • Fuel - diesel (p. 314) • Diesel particle filter (DPF) (p. 316) • Fuel consumption and CO2 emissions

(p. 435)

• Fuel tank - volume (p. 433)

Fuel - handling Fuel of a lower quality than that recom- mended by Volvo must not be used as engine power and fuel consumption is negatively affected.

WARNING

Always avoid inhaling fuel vapour and get- ting fuel splashes in the eyes. In the event of fuel in the eyes, remove any contact lenses and rinse the eyes in plenty of water for at least 15 minutes and seek medical attention. Never swallow fuel. Fuels such as petrol, bioethanol and mixtures of them and die- sel are highly toxic and could cause per- manent injury or be fatal if swallowed. Seek medical attention immediately if fuel has been swallowed.

WARNING

Fuel which spills onto the ground can be ignited. Switch off the fuel-driven heater before starting to refuel. Never carry an activated mobile phone when refuelling. The ring signal could cause spark build-up and ignite petrol fumes, leading to fire and injury.

Filling with a fuel can16
When filling with a fuel can, use the funnel located under the floor hatch in the cargo area. Make sure you insert the funnel's pipe firmly into the filler pipe. The filler pipe has an open- able cover and the funnel's pipe must be slid past the cover before filling can begin.

Related information • Fuel filler flap - manual opening (p. 312) • Fuel - handling (p. 313)

16 Only applies to cars with diesel engine.

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08 Starting and driving

Fuel - petrol Petrol is used as fuel.

Only use petrol from well-known producers. Never use fuel of dubious quality. Petrol must fulfil the EN 228 standard if this is available. • 95 RON can be used for normal driving. • 98 RON is recommended for optimum

performance and minimum fuel consump- tion.

When driving in temperatures above +38 °C, fuel with the highest possible octane rating is recommended for optimum performance and fuel economy.

IMPORTANT

• Use only unleaded petrol to avoid damaging the catalytic converter.

• Fuel containing metallic additives must

not be used.

• Do not use any additives which have

not been recommended by Volvo.

Alcohols-ethanol

IMPORTANT

• Fuel that contains up to

10 percent by volume ethanol is per- mitted.

• EN 228 E10 petrol (max

10 percent by volume ethanol) is approved for use.

• Ethanol higher than E10 (max

10 percent by volume ethanol) is not permitted. T.ex. E85 is not permitted.

Related information • Fuel - handling (p. 313) • Economical driving (p. 318) • Fuel consumption and CO2 emissions

(p. 435)

• Fuel tank - volume (p. 433)

Fuel - diesel Diesel is used as fuel.

Only use diesel fuel from well-known produc- ers. Never use fuel of dubious quality. Diesel fuel must fulfil the EN 590 and/or SS 155435
standards. Diesel engines are sensitive to contaminants in the fuel, such as metals and a high volume of sulphur for example. At low temperatures (-6 °C to -40 °C), a par- affin precipitate may form in the diesel fuel, which may lead to ignition problems. Special diesel fuel designed for low temperatures around freezing point is available from the major oil companies. This fuel is less viscous at low temperatures and reduces the risk of paraffin precipitate. The risk of condensation in the fuel tank is reduced if the tank is kept well filled. When refuelling, check that the area around the fuel filler pipe is clean. Avoid spilling fuel onto the paintwork. Wash off any spillage with deter- gent and water.

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314

IMPORTANT

Diesel fuel must: • fulfil the EN 590 and/or SS 155435

standards

• have a sulphur content not exceeding

10 mg/kg

• have a maximum of 7 vol % FAME

(Fatty Acid Methyl Ester).

IMPORTANT

Diesel type fuels that must not be used: • Special additives • Marine diesel fuel • Heating oil • FAME17 (Fatty Acid Methyl Ester) and

vegetable oil.

These fuels do not fulfil the requirements in accordance with Volvo recommendations and generate increased wear and engine damage that is not covered by the Volvo warranty.

Empty tank The design of the fuel system in a diesel engine means that if the vehicle runs out of fuel, the tank may need to be vented in the workshop in order to restart the engine after fuelling.

Once the engine has stopped due to fuel starvation, the fuel system needs a few moments to carry out a check. Do this before starting the engine, once the fuel tank has been filled with diesel: 1.

Insert the remote control key in the igni- tion switch and push it in to the end posi- tion. For more information, see Key posi- tions (p. 80).

2. Press the START button without

depressing the brake and/or clutch pedal.

3. Wait approx. one minute. 4. To start the engine: Depress the brake and/or clutch pedal and then press the START button again.

NOTE

Before filling with fuel in the event of fuel shortage: • Stop the car on as flat/level ground as possible - if the car is tilting there is a risk of air pockets in the fuel supply.

Draining condensation from the fuel filter The fuel filter separates condensation from the fuel. Condensation can disrupt engine operation.

17 Diesel fuel may contain a certain amount of FAME, but further amounts must not be added.

08 Starting and driving

The fuel filter must be drained at the intervals specified in the Service and Warranty Booklet or if you suspect that the car has been filled with contaminated fuel. For more information, see Volvo service programme (p. 366).

IMPORTANT

Certain special additives remove the water separation in the fuel filter.

Related information • Fuel - handling (p. 313) • Diesel particle filter (DPF) (p. 316) • Fuel consumption and CO2 emissions

(p. 435)

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08 Starting and driving

Diesel particle filter (DPF) Diesel cars are equipped with a particle filter, which results in more efficient emission con- trol.

The particles in the exhaust gases are collec- ted in the filter during normal driving. So- called "regeneration" is started in order to burn away the particles and empty the filter. This requires the engine to have reached nor- mal operating temperature. Regeneration of the particle filter is automatic and normally takes 10-20 minutes. It may take a little longer at a low average speed. Fuel consumption may increase slightly dur- ing regeneration.

Regeneration in cold weather If the car is frequently driven short distances in cold weather then the engine does not reach normal operating temperature. This means that regeneration of the diesel particle filter does not take place and the filter is not emptied. When the filter has become approx. 80% full of particles, a yellow warning triangle is shown in the combined instrument panel, and the message Soot filter full See manual is shown in its information display. Start regeneration of the filter by driving the car until the engine reaches normal operating temperature, preferably on a main road or

08

motorway. The car should then be driven for approximately 20 minutes more.

NOTE

The following may arise during regenera- tion: • a smaller reduction of engine power

may be noticed temporarily

• fuel consumption may increase tem-

porarily

• a smell of burning may arise.

When regeneration is complete the warning text is cleared automatically. Use the parking heater* in cold weather - the engine then reaches normal operating tem- perature more quickly.

IMPORTANT

If the filter is completely filled with parti- cles, it may be difficult to start the engine and the filter is non-functional. Then there is a risk that the filter will need to be replaced.

Related information • Fuel - handling (p. 313) • Fuel - diesel (p. 314) • Fuel consumption and CO2 emissions

(p. 435)

• Fuel tank - volume (p. 433)

316

* Option/accessory, for more information, see Introduction.

Filling vehicle gas* Points to remember when filling vehicle gas (CNG - Compressed Natural Gas) for cars with the Bi-Fuel engine alternative.

Filling Vehicle gas is filled via the gas nipple that is located next to the fuel cap inside the fuel filler flap.

1. Open the fuel filler flap and remove the

nipple's protective cover.

2. Push the nozzle towards the nipple and

make sure that the hose nozzle is attached by turning the handle on the nozzle to the left.

3. Then hold the start button on the gas

pump depressed for approx. 5 seconds. > The tank is filled in a couple of

minutes.

4. Remove the nozzle by turning its handle

to the right.

5. Refit the nipple's protective cover and

close the fuel filler flap.

Filling stations for vehicle gas

Road sign for filling stations that offer vehicle gas.

Switch for gas operation* For cars with the Bi-Fuel engine alternative there is a switch to change between gas operation (CNG - Compressed Natural Gas) and petrol operation. This is located by the centre console.

Operation

Related information • Bi-Fuel* - introduction to vehicle gas

(p. 24)

• Inspection and service of the system for

vehicle gas* (p. 368)

• Fuel filler flap - manual opening (p. 312)

Press the switch to change between gas operation and petrol operation. When the switchover takes place a clicking noise can be heard in the cargo area. This is normal - the noise is created when the tank valves open. The switch has two positions: • BI-FUEL illuminates in green - the car is

being driven on vehicle gas

• BI-FUEL illuminates in orange - the car is

being driven on petrol (fuel gauge for vehicle gas is extinguished).

08 Starting and driving

The car always starts with petrol even if gas operation is selected. When the engine has started the system automatically changes to gas operation - normally within a few seconds of a warm start. When starting with a cold engine it will take longer before the car changes to gas opera- tion in order to ensure the lowest possible emissions.

warning lamp If the warning lamp in the switch illuminates, and/or repetitive acoustic signals can be heard, then the car needs servicing. Acknowl- edge the warning by pressing the switch and visit the nearest workshop - an authorised Volvo workshop is recommended.

Related information • Bi-Fuel* - introduction to vehicle gas

(p. 24)

• Filling vehicle gas* (p. 316) • Inspection and service of the system for

vehicle gas* (p. 368)

• Fuel filler flap - manual opening (p. 312)

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* Option/accessory, for more information, see Introduction.

317

• Fuel - diesel (p. 314)

Economical driving Driving economically means driving smoothly while thinking ahead and adjusting your driv- ing style and speed to the prevailing condi- tions.

08 Starting and driving

Catalytic converters The purpose of the catalytic converters is to purify exhaust gases. They are located close to the engine so that operating temperature is reached quickly.

The catalytic converters consist of a monolith (ceramic or metal) with channels. The channel walls are lined with a thin layer of platinum/ rhodium/palladium. These metals act as cata- lysts, i.e. they participate in and accelerate a chemical reaction without being used up themselves.

Lambda-sondTM oxygen sensor The Lambda-sond is part of a control system intended to reduce emissions and improve fuel economy. For more information, see Fuel consumption and CO2 emissions (p. 435). An oxygen sensor monitors the oxygen con- tent of the exhaust gases leaving the engine. This value is fed into an electronic system that continuously controls the injectors. The ratio of fuel to air directed to the engine is continuously adjusted. These adjustments create optimal conditions for efficient com- bustion, and together with the three-way cat- alytic converter reduce harmful emissions (hydrocarbons, carbon monoxide and nitrous oxides).

08

Related information • Economical driving (p. 318) • Fuel - petrol (p. 314)

318

• For lowest fuel consumption, activate

ECO* (p. 300)20.

• Use the ECO Guide which indicates how fuel-efficiently the car is being driven, see Eco guide & Power guide* (p. 69).

• Drive in the highest gear possible, adap-

ted to the current traffic situation and road - lower engine speeds result in lower fuel consumption. Use the gear indicator (p. 282).

• Avoid sudden unnecessary acceleration

and heavy braking.

• High speed results in increased fuel con- sumption - the wind resistance increases with speed.

• Do not run the engine to operating tem- perature at idling speed, but rather drive with a light load as soon as possible - a cold engine consumes more fuel than a warm one.

• Drive with the correct air pressure in the

tyres and check this regularly - select ECO tyre pressure for best results, see Tyres - approved tyre pressures (p. 439). • Choice of tyres can affect fuel consump- tion - seek advice on suitable tyres from a dealer.

• Remove unnecessary items from the car -

the greater the load the higher the con- sumption.

20 Only applies to cars with automatic gearbox.

• Use engine braking to slow down, when it can take place without risk to other road users.

• A roof load and ski box increase air resis-

tance, leading to higher consumption - remove the load carriers when not in use.

• Avoid driving with open windows. For information about Volvo Car Corpora- tion's environmental philosophy, see Environ- mental philosophy (p. 22). For more information about fuel consumption, see Fuel consumption and CO2 emissions (p. 435).

WARNING

Never switch off the engine while moving, such as downhill, this deactivates impor- tant systems such as the power steering and brake servo.

Related information • Fuel - handling (p. 313) • Fuel consumption and CO2 emissions

(p. 435)

• Fuel tank - volume (p. 433)

08 Starting and driving

Driving with a trailer* When driving with a trailer there are a number of important points to think about regarding e.g. the towing bracket, the trailer and how the load is positioned in the trailer.

Payload depends on the car's kerb weight. The total of the weight of the passengers and all accessories, e.g. towbar, reduces the car's payload by a corresponding weight. For more detailed information, see Weights (p. 421). If the towing bracket is mounted by Volvo, then the car is delivered with the necessary equipment for driving with a trailer. • The car's towing bracket must be of an

approved type.

• If the towbar is retrofitted, check with your Volvo dealer that the car is fully equipped for driving with a trailer.

• Distribute the load on the trailer so that the weight on the towing bracket com- plies with the specified maximum towball load.

• Increase the tyre pressure to the recom- mended pressure for a full load. For infor- mation on the tyre pressure, see Tyres - approved tyre pressures (p. 439).

• The engine is loaded more heavily than

usual when driving with a trailer.

* Option/accessory, for more information, see Introduction.

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08 Starting and driving || • Do not tow a heavy trailer when the car is

brand new. Wait until it has been driven at least 1000 km.

• The brakes are loaded much more than usual on long and steep downhill slopes. Downshift to a lower gear and adjust your speed.

• For safety reasons, the maximum permit- ted speed for the car when coupled with a trailer should not be exceeded. Follow the regulations in force for the permitted speeds and weights.

• Maintain a low speed when driving with a

trailer up long, steep ascents.

• Avoid driving with a trailer on inclines of

more than 12%.

Trailer cable An adapter is required if the car's towing bracket has 13 pin electrics and the trailer has 7 pin electrics. Use an adapter cable approved by Volvo. Make sure the cable does not drag on the ground.

Direction indicators and brake lights on the trailer If any of the trailer's lamps for direction indi- cators are broken, then the combined instru- ment panel's symbol for direction indicators flashes faster than normal and the information display shows the text Trailer indicator malfunction.

08

If any of the trailer's lamps for the brake light are broken then the Trailer brake light malfunction text is shown.

Related information • Driving with a trailer* - manual gearbox

(p. 321)

• Driving with a trailer* - automatic gearbox

(p. 321)

• Towing bracket/Towbar* (p. 322) • Lamp replacement - general (p. 380)

Level control* The rear shock absorbers maintain a constant height irrespective of the car's load (up to the maximum permissible weight). When the car is stationary the rear of the car lowers slightly, which is normal

Trailer weights For information on Volvo's permitted trailer weights, see Towing capacity and towball load (p. 422).

NOTE

The stated maximum permitted trailer weights are those permitted by Volvo. National vehicle regulations can further limit trailer weights and speeds. Towbars may be certified for higher or lower towing weights than the car can actually tow.

WARNING

Follow the stated recommendations for trailer weights. Otherwise, the car and trailer may be difficult to control in the event of sudden movement and braking.

320

* Option/accessory, for more information, see Introduction.

Driving with a trailer* - manual gearbox When driving with a trailer in hilly terrain in a hot climate there may be a risk of overheating.

Overheating When driving with a trailer in hilly terrain in a hot climate there may be a risk of overheat- ing. • Do not run the engine at higher revolu-

tions than 4500 rpm (diesel engines: 3500 rpm) - otherwise the oil temperature may become too high.

Diesel engine 5-cyl • In the event of a risk of overheating the

optimal speed for the engine is 2300-3000 rpm for optimal circulation of the coolant.

Related information • Driving with a trailer* (p. 319)

Driving with a trailer* - automatic gearbox When driving with a trailer in hilly terrain in a hot climate there may be a risk of overheating. • An automatic gearbox selects the opti-

mum gear related to load and engine speed.

• In the event of overheating a warning symbol is illuminated in the combined instrument panel with a message that is shown in the information display - follow the recommendation given.

Steep inclines • Do not lock the automatic transmission in a higher gear than the engine "can cope with" - it is not always a good idea to drive at a high gear with low engine revo- lutions.

Parking on a hill 1. Depress the foot brake. 2. Activate the parking brake. 3. Move the gear selector to position P. 4. Release the foot brake. • Move the gear selector to park position P

when parking an automatic car with a hitched trailer. Always use the parking brake.

• Block the wheels with chocks when park-

ing a car with hitched trailer on a hill.

08 Starting and driving

IMPORTANT

See also the specific information on slow driving with a trailer for cars with the Powershift automatic transmission, see Automatic gearbox -- Powershift* (p. 286).

Starting on a hill 1. Depress the foot brake. 2. Move the gear selector to driving posi-

tion D.

3. Release the parking brake. 4. Release the foot brake and start driving

off.

Related information • Automatic gearbox -- Geartronic* (p. 283)

08

* Option/accessory, for more information, see Introduction.

321

08 Starting and driving

Towing bracket/Towbar* A towing bracket means that it is possible to e.g. tow a trailer behind the car.

Detachable towbar* - storage Store the detachable towbar in the cargo area.

Applies to Bi-Fuel* cars

If the car is equipped with a detachable/ removable towbar, the installation instruc- tions for the loose section must be followed carefully, see Detachable towbar* - attach- ment/removal (p. 323).

WARNING

If the car is fitted with a Volvo detachable towbar: • Follow the installation instructions

carefully.

• The detachable section must be

locked with the key before setting off.

• Check that the indicator window

shows green.

Important checks • The towbar's towball must be cleaned

and greased regularly.

NOTE

When a hitch with a vibration damper is used, the towball must not be lubricated.

08

Related information • Driving with a trailer* (p. 319)

Towbar storage space.

IMPORTANT

Always remove the towbar after use and store it in the appointed location in the car.

The towbar is stored together with the tools behind a side hatch the cargo area.

Related information • Detachable towbar* - specifications

(p. 323)

• Detachable towbar* - attachment/removal

(p. 323)

• Driving with a trailer* (p. 319)

322

* Option/accessory, for more information, see Introduction.

Detachable towbar* - specifications Specifications for detachable towbar.

Specifications

08 Starting and driving

Detachable towbar* - attachment/ removal The attachment/removal of the detachable towbar is performed in the following way:

Attaching

Dimensions, mounting points (mm)

998

81

854

427

109

282

Side member

Ball centre

Related information • Detachable towbar* - attachment/removal

(p. 323)

• Detachable towbar* - storage (p. 322) • Driving with a trailer* (p. 319)

Remove the protective cover by first pressing in the catch the cover straight back

and then pulling

Ensure that the mechanism is in the unlocked position by turning the key clockwise.

* Option/accessory, for more information, see Introduction.

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08 Starting and driving ||

The indicator window must show red.

Insert the towbar until you hear a click.

The indicator window must show green.

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324

Turn the key anticlockwise to locked position. Remove the key from the lock.

Check that the towbar is secure by pull- ing it up, down and back.

WARNING

If the towbar is not fitted correctly then it must be detached and reattached in accordance with the previous instructions.

IMPORTANT

Only grease in the ball for the towing hitch, the remainder of the towbar should be clean and dry.

5

Safety cable.

WARNING

Take care to secure the trailer's safety cable in the intended bracket.

Removing the towbar

Push in the locking wheel anticlockwise

and turn it until you hear a click.

Insert the key and turn it clockwise to the unlocked position.

Turn the locking wheel down fully, until it comes to a stop. Hold it in this position while pulling the towbar rearward and upward.

WARNING

Secure the towbar safely if it is stored in the car, see Detachable towbar* - storage (p. 322).

08 Starting and driving

Push the protective cover until it snaps tight.

Related information • Detachable towbar* - storage (p. 322) • Detachable towbar* - specifications

(p. 323)

• Driving with a trailer* (p. 319)

08

* Option/accessory, for more information, see Introduction.

325

trailer or the driver that is causing the snak- ing.

The ESC22 symbol in the combined instrument panel flashes when the TSA system is working.

Related information • Electronic stability control (ESC) - general

(p. 191)

08 Starting and driving

Trailer Stability Assist - TSA21
The trailer stability assist TSA (Trailer Stability Assist) function is designed to stabilise the car and trailer combination if it begins to snake. TSA- the function is included in the stability system (p. 191) ESC22.

Function The snaking phenomenon can occur with any car/trailer combination. Snaking normally occurs at high speeds. But, there is a risk of it occurring at lower speeds (70-90 km/h) if the trailer is overloaded or the load is improperly distributed, e.g. too far back. In order for snaking to occur, there must be a triggering factor, e.g.: • Car with trailer subjected to a sudden and

powerful side wind.

• Car with trailer drives on an uneven road

surface or in a pothole.

• Sweeping steering wheel movements. Operation If snaking has started, it could be difficult or even impossible to suppress. This makes the car/trailer combination difficult to control and there is a risk that you could, for example, end up in the wrong lane or leave the car- riageway.

21 Included in the installation of Volvo genuine towbar. 22 (Electronic Stability Control) - Electronic stability control.

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The trailer stability assist function continually monitors car movements, particularly lateral movements. If snaking is detected, the front wheels are individually braked. This serves to stabilise the car/trailer combination. This is often enough to help the driver regain control of the car. If snaking is not eliminated the first time the TSA system comes into action, the car/trailer combination is braked with all wheels and engine power is reduced. Once snaking has been gradually suppressed and the car/trailer combination is stable once again, the system stops regulating and the driver once again has full control of the car. For more informa- tion, see Electronic stability control (ESC) - operation (p. 192).

Miscellaneous TSA can engage within the speed range 60-160 km/h.

NOTE

TSA function is switched off if the driver selects Sport mode, see Electronic stabil- ity control (ESC) - general (p. 191).

TSA may fail to engage if the driver uses sud- den steering wheel movements to try to rec- tify the snaking because, in such a situation, the system cannot determine whether it is the

Towing During towing, one vehicle is towed by another vehicle using a tow rope.

Find out the statutory maximum speed limit for towing before towing begins. 1. Unlock the steering lock by inserting the remote control key in the ignition switch and giving a long press on the START/ STOP ENGINE button - key position II is activated, see Key positions (p. 80) for more information about key positions. 2. The remote control key must remain in the ignition switch while the car is being towed.

3. Keep the towline taut when the towing vehicle reduces speed by holding your foot gently pressed on the brake pedal - thereby avoiding unnecessary jerking.

4. Be prepared to brake to stop.

WARNING

• Check that the steering lock is

unlocked before towing.

• The remote control key must be in key position II - in position I all airbags are deactivated.

• Never remove the remote control key from the ignition switch when the car is being towed.

WARNING

The brake servo and power steering do not work when the engine is switched off - the brake pedal needs to be depressed about 5 times more heavily and the steer- ing is considerably heavier than normal.

Manual gearbox Prior to towing: – Move gear lever into neutral and release

the parking brake.

Automatic gearbox Geartronic Prior to towing: – Move the gear selector to position N and

release the parking brake.

IMPORTANT

• Do not tow the vehicle at speeds

higher than 80 km/h or for distances in excess of 80 km.

• Note that the car must always be

towed with the wheels rolling forward.

Automatic gearbox Powershift Models with the Powershift gearbox should not be towed. If towing still has to take place, the route must be as short as possible and then with very low speed.

08 Starting and driving

In the event of uncertainty as to whether or not the car is equipped with Powershift trans- mission, this can be verified by checking the designation on the gearbox label under the bonnet, see Type designations (p. 417). The designation ”MPS6” means that it is Powershift transmission - otherwise it is Geartronic automatic transmission.

IMPORTANT

Avoid towing. • However, the car can be towed for a

short distance at low speed to move it from a dangerous position - not further than 10 km and not faster than 10 km/h. Note that the car must always be towed with the wheels roll- ing forward.

• In the event of moving a longer dis- tance than 10 km, the car must be transported with the drive wheels raised from the road - professional recovery is recommended.

Prior to towing: – Move the gear selector to position N and

release the parking brake.

Jump starting Do not tow the car to bump start the engine. Use a donor battery if the starter battery is

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08 Starting and driving || discharged and the engine does not start, see Jump starting with battery (p. 280).

IMPORTANT

Towing eye The towing eye is screwed into a threaded socket behind a cover on the right-hand side of the bumper, front or rear.

The catalytic converter may be damaged during attempts to tow-start the engine.

Attaching the towing eye

Take out the towing eye that is located under the floor hatch in the cargo area. Applies to Bi-Fuel* cars: the towing eye is stored together with the tools behind a side hatch the cargo area.

Related information • Towing eye (p. 328) • Recovery (p. 329)

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328

* Option/accessory, for more information, see Introduction.

WARNING

No one/nothing is allowed to remain behind the recovery vehicle while the car pulled up onto the flatbed platform.

IMPORTANT

The towing eye is only designed for towing on roads - not for pulling the car unstuck or out of a ditch. Call a recovery service for recovery assistance.

Related information • Towing (p. 327) • Recovery (p. 329)

The cover for the towing eye's attach- ment point is available in two variants which must be opened in different ways: • Open the variant with a recess using a coin or similar inserted in the recess, turning it outwards. Then turn out the cover completely and remove it. • The second variant has a marking

along one side or in a corner: Press the marking with a finger and fold out the opposite side/corner at the same time using a coin or similar - the cover turns around its axis and can then be removed.

Screw the towing eye right in up to its flange. Turn in the towing eye firmly e.g. using the wheel wrench. After use, unscrew the towing eye and return it to its place. Finish by refitting the cover onto the bumper.

The towing eye may be used to pull the car up onto a recovery vehicle with a flatbed plat- form. The car's position and ground clear- ance determine whether it is possible. If the slope of the recovery vehicle's ramp is too steep, or if the ground clearance under the car is inadequate, then the car may be dam- aged if you try to pull it up using the towing eye. Raise the car using the recovery vehi- cle's lifting device if necessary.

08 Starting and driving

Recovery Recovery means that the vehicle is transpor- ted away by means of another vehicle.

Call a recovery service for recovery assis- tance. The towing eye may be used to pull the car up onto a recovery vehicle with a flatbed plat- form. The car's position and ground clear- ance determine whether it is possible. If the slope of the recovery vehicle's ramp is too steep, or if the ground clearance under the car is inadequate, then the car may be dam- aged if you try to pull it up using the towing eye. Raise the car using the recovery vehi- cle's lifting device if necessary.

WARNING

No one/nothing is allowed to remain behind the recovery vehicle while the car pulled up onto the flatbed platform.

IMPORTANT

The towing eye is only designed for towing on roads - not for pulling the car unstuck or out of a ditch. Call a recovery service for recovery assistance.

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08 Starting and driving ||

IMPORTANT

Note that the car must always be transpor- ted with the wheels rolling forward. • An All Wheel Drive car (AWD) with

raised front suspension must not be towed at speeds above 70 km/h. It should not be towed further than 50
km.

Related information • Towing (p. 327)

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330

WHEELS AND TYRES

09 Wheels and tyres

Tyres - maintenance Amongst other things, the function of the tyres is to carry load, provide grip on the road surface, dampen vibration and protect the wheel from wear.

Driving characteristics Tyres greatly affect the car's driving characte- ristics. The type of tyre, dimensions, tyre pressure and speed rating are important for how the car performs.

Tyre age All tyres older than 6 years old should be checked by an expert even if they seem undamaged. Tyres age and decompose, even if they are hardly ever or never used. The function can therefore be affected. This applies to all tyres that are stored for future use. Examples of external signs which indi- cate that the tyre is unsuitable for use are cracks or discoloration.

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332

New tyres

Tyres are perishable. After a few years they begin to harden at the same time as the fric- tion capacity/characteristics gradually deteri- orate. For this reason, aim to get as fresh tyres as possible when you replace them. This is especially important with regard to winter tyres. The last four digits in the sequence mean the week and year of manu- facture. This is the tyre's DOT marking (Department of Transportation), and this is stated with four digits, for example 1510. The tyre in the figure was manufactured in week 15 of 2010.

Summer and winter wheels When summer and winter wheels are changed the wheels should be marked with which side of the car they were mounted on, for example L for left and R for right.

Wear and maintenance Correct tyre pressure (p. 334) results in more even wear. Driving style, tyre pressure, cli- mate and road condition affect how quickly your tyres age and wear. To avoid differences in tread depth and to prevent wear patterns arising, the front and rear wheels can be switched with each other. A suitable distance for the first change is approx. 5000 km and then at 10000 km inter- vals. Volvo recommends that an authorised Volvo workshop is contacted for checking if you are uncertain about tread depth. If significant dif- ferences in wear (> 1 mm difference in tread depth) between tyres have already occurred, then the least worn tyres must always be fit- ted on the rear. Understeer is normally easier to correct than oversteer, and leads to the car continuing forwards in a straight line rather than having the rear end skidding to one side, resulting in possible complete loss of control over the car. This is why it is important for the rear wheels never to lose grip before the front wheels.

WARNING

A damaged tyre may lead to loss of control over the car.

Storage Wheels with tyres fitted must be stored lying down or hanging up - never standing up.

Related information • Tyres - dimensions (p. 336) • Tyres - speed ratings (p. 337) • Tyres - load index (p. 337) • Tyres - direction of rotation (p. 333) • Tyres - tread wear indicators (p. 334)

09 Wheels and tyres

Tyres - direction of rotation Tyres with a tread pattern which are designed to only turn in one direction have the direction of rotation marked with an arrow.

NOTE

Make sure that both pairs of wheels have the same type and dimension, and also the same make.

09

Follow the recommended tyre pressures specified in the tyre pressure table (p. 439).

Related information • Tyres - dimensions (p. 336) • Tyres - speed ratings (p. 337) • Tyres - load index (p. 337) • Tyres - maintenance (p. 332) • Tyres - tread wear indicators (p. 334)

The arrow shows the tyre's direction of rotation. The tyre must always rotate in the same direction throughout its lifespan. Tyres should only be switched between front and rear positions, never between left and right-hand sides, or vice versa. If the tyres are fitted incorrectly, the car's braking characteristics and capacity to force rain and slush out of the way are adversely affected. Tyres with the greatest tread depth should always be fitted to the rear of the car (to decrease the risk of skidding).

333

09 Wheels and tyres

09

Tyres - tread wear indicators Tread wear indicators show the status of the tyre's tread depth.

• Tyres - maintenance (p. 332)

Tyres - air pressure Tyres can have different air pressures which are measured in bar.

Check the air pressure in the tyres The tyre pressures must be checked every month.

Tread wear indicators. A tread wear indicators is a narrow elevation across the longitudinal grooves of the tyre's tread pattern. On the side of the tyre are the letters TWI (Tread Wear Indicator). When the tyre's tread depth is down to 1.6 mm, the tread will be level in height with the tread wear indicators. Change to new tyres as soon as possible. Remember that tyres with little tread depth provide very poor grip in rain and snow.

Related information • Tyres - dimensions (p. 336) • Tyres - speed ratings (p. 337) • Tyres - load index (p. 337) • Tyres - direction of rotation (p. 333)

334

• Tyre pressure for the car's recommended

tyre dimension. • ECO pressure1. Check the tyre pressure on cold tyres. "Cold tyres" means the tyres are the same tempera- ture as the ambient temperature. After several few kilometres of driving, the tyres warm up and the pressure increases. Inadequate tyre pressure increases fuel con- sumption, shortens tyre lifespan and impairs the car's driving characteristics. Driving on tyres with tyre pressure that is too low could result in the tyres overheating and being damaged. Tyre pressure affects travelling comfort, road noise and driving characteris- tics.

NOTE

Tyre pressure decreases over time, this is a natural phenomenon. Tyre pressure also varies depending on ambient temperature.

1 ECO pressure results in improved fuel economy.

09 Wheels and tyres

Tyre pressure label

• Tyres - maintenance (p. 332) • Tyres - tread wear indicators (p. 334)

09

The tyre pressure label on the driver's side door pillar (between frame and rear door) shows which pressures the tyres should have at different loads and speed conditions. This is also specified in the tyre pressure table, see Tyres - approved tyre pressures (p. 439).

Fuel economy, ECO pressure In order to obtain optimum fuel economy at speeds below 160 km/h an ECO pressure is recommended (applies to both full and light load), see Tyres - approved tyre pressures (p. 439).

Related information • Tyres - dimensions (p. 336) • Tyres - speed ratings (p. 337) • Tyres - load index (p. 337)

335

Related information • Tyres - speed ratings (p. 337) • Tyres - load index (p. 337) • Tyres - direction of rotation (p. 333) • Tyres - maintenance (p. 332) • Tyres - approved tyre pressures (p. 439) • Wheel and wheel rim dimensions (p. 336)

09 Wheels and tyres

09

Wheel and wheel rim dimensions Wheel and rim dimensions are designated in accordance with the examples in the table below.

The car has an approval for the complete vehicle. This means that certain combinations of wheel (wheel rim) and tyre are approved. Wheels (rims) have a designation of dimen- sions, for example: 7Jx16x50.

Rim width in inches

Rim flange profile

16 Rim diameter in inches

50 Off-set in mm (distance from wheel

centre to wheel contact surface against the hub)

Related information • Tyres - dimensions (p. 336) • Tyres - approved tyre pressures (p. 439)

336

Tyres - dimensions The car's tyres have a certain dimension, see the examples in the table below.

The dimensions are stated on all car tyres. Example of designation: 215/55R16 97W.

215

Tyre width (mm)

55

16

97

Ratio between tyre wall height and tyre width (%)

Radial ply

Rim diameter in inches (")

Codes for the maximum permitted tyre load, tyre load index (LI)

W Speed rating for maximum permitted

speed, speed rating (SS). (In this case 270 km/h.)

WARNING

19-inch wheels must never be used on cars that are not equipped with the R- Design or Sport chassis options. The use of 19-inch wheels on cars with standard chassis constitutes a safety risk, with a risk of vehicle damage, and it impairs the car's driving characteristics.

The car has an approval for the complete vehicle with certain combinations of wheel rims and tyres.

Tyres - load index Load index indicates a tyre's ability to carry a certain load.

Each tyre has a certain capacity to carry a load, a load index (LI). The car's weight deter- mines the load capacity required of the tyres. Minimum permissible index is indicated in the load index table.

Related information • Tyres - dimensions (p. 336) • Tyres - approved tyre pressures (p. 439) • Tyres - speed ratings (p. 337) • Tyres - maintenance (p. 332)

Tyres - speed ratings Each tyre can withstand a certain maximum speed and therefore belongs to a particular speed rating (SS - Speed Symbol).

Tyre speed class must at least correspond with the car's top speed. The table below indicates the maximum permitted speed that applies for each speed rating (SS). The only exception to these regulations is the winter tyre (p. 338)2, where a lower speed rating may be used. If such a tyre is chosen, the car must not be driven faster than the speed rat- ing of the tyre (for example, class Q can be driven at a maximum of 160 km/h). Traffic regulations determine how fast a car can be driven, not the speed rating of the tyres.

NOTE

The maximum permitted speed is speci- fied in the table.

Q 160 km/h (used only on winter tyres)

190 km/h

H 210 km/h

240 km/h

2 Both those with metal studs and those without.

09 Wheels and tyres

W 270 km/h

300 km/h

WARNING

The car must be fitted with tyres which have the same or a higher load index (p. 337) (LI) and speed rating (SS) than specified. If a tyre with too low a load index or speed rating is used, it may over- heat.

Related information • Tyres - dimensions (p. 336) • Tyres - load index (p. 337) • Tyres - direction of rotation (p. 333)

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09 Wheels and tyres

09

Wheel bolts Wheel bolts are used to fasten the wheels at the hubs and are available in different ver- sions.

IMPORTANT

The wheel bolts must be tightened to 140
Nm. Overtightening can damage the nuts and the bolts.

Only use rims that are tested and approved by Volvo and which are Volvo genuine acces- sories. Check the torque with a torque wrench.

Locking wheel bolts* Locking wheel bolts* can be used on both aluminium and steel rims. Under the cargo area floor there is space for the sleeve for the lockable wheel bolts.

Related information • Wheel and wheel rim dimensions (p. 336)

Using snow chains Snow chains may only be used on the front wheels (also applies to all-wheel drive cars). Never drive faster than 50 km/h with snow chains. Avoid driving on bare ground as this wears out both the snow chains and tyres.

WARNING

Use Volvo genuine snow chains or equiva- lent chains designed for the car model, and tyre and rim dimensions. In the event of uncertainty Volvo recommends that you consult an authorised Volvo workshop. The wrong snow chains may cause serious damage to your car and lead to an acci- dent.

Related information • Changing wheels - removing wheels

(p. 339)

Winter tyres Winter tyres are tyres that are adapted for winter road conditions.

Winter tyres Volvo recommends winter tyres with particu- lar dimensions. Tyre dimensions are depend- ent on engine variant. When driving on winter tyres, the correct type of tyres must be fitted to all four wheels.

NOTE

Volvo recommends that you consult a Volvo dealer about which wheel rim and tyre types are most suitable.

Studded tyres Studded winter tyres should be run in gently for 500-1000 km so the studs settle properly into the tyres. This gives the tyre, and espe- cially the studs, a longer service life.

NOTE

The legal provisions for the use of studded tyres vary from country to country.

Tread depth Road conditions with ice, slush and low tem- peratures place considerably higher demands on tyres than summer conditions. Volvo therefore recommends not to drive on winter tyres that have a tread depth of less than 4 mm.

338

* Option/accessory, for more information, see Introduction.

Changing wheels - removing wheels The car's wheels can be changed for e.g. win- ter wheels/winter tyres.

Spare wheel* The accessory spare wheel can be supplied in two different versions, in a bag or for stor- ing under the cargo area floor. The following instructions only apply if a spare wheel has been purchased as an accessory for the car. If the car is not equip- ped with a spare wheel - see information about Emergency puncture repair (TMK) (p. 352). The spare wheel (Temporary spare) is only intended for use temporarily and must be replaced by an ordinary wheel as soon as possible. The car's handling may be altered by the use of the spare wheel. The spare wheel is smaller than the normal wheel. The car's ground clearance is affected accord- ingly. Pay attention to high kerbs and do not machine wash the car. If the spare wheel is fitted on the front axle, you cannot use snow chains at the same time. On all-wheel drive cars the drive on the rear axle can be discon- nected. The spare wheel must not be repaired. The correct tyre pressure for the spare wheel is stated in the tyre pressure table (p. 439).

IMPORTANT

• Never drive faster than 80 km/h with a

spare wheel on the car.

• The car must never be driven fitted

with more than one "Temporary Spare" wheel.

The spare wheel is located in the spare wheel well with the outside down. The same bolt runs through to secure the spare wheel and the foam block. The foam block contains all the tools needed to change the wheels. The spare wheel is supplied in a bag and must be secured on the cargo area floor using straps.

Cars with four load retaining eyelets. Turn the handle on the spare wheel bag out towards you. Attach the sewn-in tensioning strap hooks in the front load retaining eyelets. Attach the long strap into one of the front

09 Wheels and tyres

load retaining eyelets, run the strap diagonally over the spare wheel and through the upper handle. Tighten the short tensioning strap onto the long one. Attach the rear load retain- ing eyelet and tighten.

09

Taking out the spare wheel under the cargo area floor 1. Fold up the cargo area floor. 2. Undo the retaining screw. 3. Lift out the foam block with its tools. 4. Lift out the spare wheel.

Taking out the spare wheel in the bag 1. Loosen the straps, lift out the spare wheel

from the cargo area and remove it from the spare wheel bag.

2. Fold up the cargo area floor. 3. Lift the tools and jack out from the foam

block.

Removing Set up warning triangle (p. 342) if a wheel is replaced in trafficked location. The car and jack* must be on a firm horizontal surface. 1. Apply the parking brake, (p. 305) and

engage reverse gear, or position P if the car has an automatic gearbox.

* Option/accessory, for more information, see Introduction.

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09

09 Wheels and tyres ||

WARNING

Check that the jack is not damaged, that the threads are thoroughly lubricated and that it is free from dirt.

NOTE

Volvo recommends only using the jack*