2013 Volvo C30 Owners Manual

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Brake lights The brake lights come on automatically when the brakes are applied.

Adaptive brake lights The adaptive brake lights activate in the event of sudden braking or if the ABS system is acti- vated. This function causes an additional tail- light on each side of the vehicle to illuminate to help alert vehicles traveling behind. The adaptive brake lights activate if: • The ABS system activates for more than

approximately a half second

• In the event of sudden braking while the

vehicle is moving at speeds above approx- imately 6 mph (10 km/h)

When the vehicle has come to a stop, the brake lights and additional taillights remain on for as long as the brake pedal is depressed or until braking force on the vehicle is reduced.

Brake pad inspection On vehicles equipped with a jack*, the condi- tion of the brake pads can be checked by rais- ing the vehicle (see page 200 for information about using the jack and removing a wheel) and performing a visual inspection of the brake pads.

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Brake system

WARNING

WARNING

• If the vehicle has been driven immedi- ately prior to a brake pad inspection, the wheel hub, brake components, etc., will be very hot. Allow time for these com- ponents to cool before carrying out the inspection.

• Apply the parking brake and put the gear selector in the Park (P) position.

• Block the wheels standing on the

ground, use rigid wooden blocks or large stones.

• Use the jack intended for the vehicle

when changing a tire. For any other job, use stands to support the vehicle.

• The jack should be kept well-greased and clean, and should not be damaged. • Be sure the jack is on a firm, level, non-

slippery surface.

• No objects should be placed between

the base of jack and the ground, or between the jack and the attachment bar on the vehicle.

• The jack must correctly engage the jack

attachment.

• Never allow any part of your body to be extended under a vehicle supported by a jack.

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Brake circuit malfunction The brake system is a hydraulic system con- sisting of two separate brake circuits. If a prob- lem should occur in one of these circuits, it is still possible to stop the vehicle with the other brake circuit. If the brake pedal must be depressed farther than normal and requires greater foot pressure, the stopping distance will be longer.

* Option/accessory, for more information, see Introduction.

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06 Starting and driving

Brake system

A warning light in the instrument panel will light up to warn the driver that a fault has occurred. If this light comes on while driving or braking, stop immediately and check the brake fluid level in the reservoir.

NOTE

Press the brake pedal hard and maintain pressure on the pedal – do not pump the brakes.

WARNING

If the fluid level is below the MIN mark in the reservoir or if a brake system message is shown in the information display, DO NOT DRIVE. Have the vehicle towed to a Volvo retailer and have the brake system inspec- ted.

Power brakes function only when the engine is running The power brakes utilize vacuum pressure which is only created when the engine is run- ning. Never let the vehicle roll to a stop with the engine switched off. If the power brakes are not working, consider- ably higher pressure will be required on the brake pedal to compensate for the lack of power assistance. This can happen for exam-

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ple when towing your vehicle or if the engine is switched off when the vehicle is rolling. The brake pedal feels harder than usual.

Water on brake discs and brake pads affects braking Driving in rain and slush or passing through an automatic car wash can cause water to collect on the brake discs and pads. This will cause a delay in braking effect when the pedal is depressed. To avoid such a delay when the brakes are needed, depress the pedal occa- sionally when driving through rain, slush, etc. This will remove the water from the brakes. Check that brake application feels normal. This should also be done after washing or starting in very damp or cold weather.

Severe strain on the brake system The brakes will be subject to severe strain when driving in mountains or hilly areas, or when towing a trailer. Vehicle speed is usually slower, which means that the cooling of the brakes is less efficient than when driving on level roads. To reduce the strain on the brakes, shift into a lower gear and let the engine help with the braking. Do not forget that if you are towing a trailer, the brakes will be subjected to a greater than normal load.

Anti-lock brakes (ABS) The Anti-lock Braking System (ABS) helps to improve vehicle control (stopping and steering) during severe braking conditions by limiting brake lockup. When the system "senses" impending lockup, braking pressure is auto- matically modulated in order to help prevent lockup that could lead to a skid. The system performs a self-diagnostic test when the engine is started and when the vehicle first reaches a speed of approxi- mately 12 mph (20 km/h). The brake pedal will pulsate several times and a sound may be audible from the ABS control module. This is normal.

For optimal ABS braking effect: 1. Press down on the brake pedal with full

force. The pedal will pulsate.

2. Steer the vehicle in the direction of travel

and keep the brake pedal depressed.

Electronic Brake Force Distribution (EBD) EBD is an integrated part of the ABS system. EBD regulates the hydraulic pressure to the rear brakes to help provide optimal braking capacity. The switching of the ABS modulator will be audible and the brake pedal will pulsate during

in order to utilize the system completely. EBA is automatically deactivated when the brake pedal is released.

NOTE

• When the EBA system is activated, the brake pedal will go down and pressure in the brake system immediately increa- ses to the maximum level. You must maintain full pressure on the brake pedal in order to utilize the system com- pletely. There will be no braking effect if the pedal is released. EBA is automati- cally deactivated when the brake pedal is released.

• When the vehicle has been parked for some time, the brake pedal may sink more than usual when the engine is started. This is normal and the pedal will return to its usual position when it is released.

braking. Please be aware that ABS does not increase the absolute braking potential of the vehicle. While control will be enhanced, ABS will not shorten stopping distances on slippery surfaces. If the warning lamp lights up there is a mal- function of the ABS system (the standard brak- ing system will still function) and the vehicle should be driven cautiously to a trained and qualified Volvo service technician for inspec- tion.

WARNING

If the BRAKES and ABS warning symbols light at the same time, there may be a prob- lem in the brake system. If the brake fluid level is normal in these circumstances, drive carefully to a trained and qualified Volvo service technician to have the brake system checked.

Emergency Brake Assistance – EBA EBA is designed to provide full brake effect immediately in the event of sudden, hard brak- ing. The system is activated by the speed with which the brake pedal is depressed. When the EBA system is activated, the brake pedal will go down and pressure in the brake system immediately increases to the maximum level. Maintain full pressure on the brake pedal

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Brake system

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06 Starting and driving

Parking brake

Parking brake (hand brake)

The parking brake lever is located between the front seats.

06

NOTE

4.

If the vehicle rolls, the parking brake lever must be pulled more firmly.

5. When parking a vehicle always put the gear selector in first gear (for manual transmis- sion) or P (for automatic transmission).

Parking on a hill • If the vehicle is pointing uphill, turn the front

wheels so that they point away from the curb.

• If the vehicle is pointing downhill, turn the front wheels so that they point toward the curb.

Releasing the parking brake 1. Press firmly on the brake pedal. 2. Pull the lever up slightly, press the button at the end of the lever and lower the lever completely.

The indicator light will illuminate even if the parking brake has only been partially applied.

WARNING

Pull up the parking brake lever up firmly to its full extent.

When applying the parking brake 1. Press firmly on the brake pedal. 2. Pull the parking brake lever up firmly to its

full extent.

3. Release the brake pedal and ensure that

the vehicle is at a standstill.

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Dynamic Stability Traction Control (DSTC) The stability system consists of a number of functions designed to help reduce wheel spin, counteract skidding, and to generally help improve directional stability. A pulsating sound will be audible when the system is actively operating and is normal.

Traction control (TC) This function is designed to help reduce wheel spin by transferring power from a drive wheel that begins to lose traction to the wheel on the opposite side of the vehicle (on the same axle). TC is most active at low speeds. This is one of the stability system's permanent functions and cannot be switched off.

Thumb wheel

RESET button

Spin control (SC) The spin control function is designed to help prevent the drive wheels from spinning while the vehicle is accelerating. Under certain circumstances, such as when driving with snow chains, or driving in deep snow or loose sand, it may be advisable to temporarily switch off this function for maxi- mum tractive force.

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Stability system

Temporarily switching off Spin control 1. Turn the thumbwheel (A) on the left-side steering wheel lever until the DSTC menu is displayed.

2. Hold down the RESET button (B) to toggle

between DSTC ON or DSTC SPIN CONTROL OFF.

NOTE

• The message DSTC SPIN CONTROL

OFF indicates that the stability sys- tem's spin control function has tempo- rarily been switched off.

• The spin control function is automati- cally enabled each time the engine is started.

• DSTC ON indicates that all system

functions are active.

Active yaw control – AYC This function helps maintain directional stabil- ity, for example when cornering, by braking one or more of the wheels if the vehicle shows a tendency to skid or slide laterally. This is one of the stability system's permanent functions and cannot be switched off.

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06 Starting and driving

Stability system

WARNING

The car's handling and stability characteris- tics will be altered if the DSTC system func- tions have been disabled.

DSTC-related messages in the text window • "TRACTION CONTROL TEMPORARILY OFF" – The system has been temporarily switched off due to high brake temperature and will automatically switch on again when the brakes have cooled.

• "ANTI-SKID SERVICE REQUIRED" – the

system has been automatically disen- gaged due to a fault. A trained and qualified Volvo service technician retailer should check the system.

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Symbols used by the stability system

Stability system indicator light

Information symbol

164

and

If the time, read the message in the display.

symbols light up at the same

symbol lights up, this indicates

If only the one of the following situations: • The light illuminates for approximately

2 seconds to indicate that the system is performing a self-diagnostic test when the engine is started.

• If the light flashes while driving, this indi- cates that the stability system is actively functioning to help counteract wheel spin and/or a skid.

• If this light stays on after the engine has started or comes on while driving, there may be a fault in the stability system. Con- sult a trained and qualified Volvo service technician.

• If Spin control has been intentionally

switched off, a message will be displayed.

WARNING

The stability system is intended to help improve driving safety. It supplements, but can never replace, the driver's judgement and responsibility when operating the vehi- cle. Speed and driving style should always be adapted to traffic and road conditions.

Towing the vehicle

06 Starting and driving

Towing

The towing eyelet (1) is located under the floor of the cargo area. Remove the cover over the opening for the towing eyelet on the front bumper by pry- ing open the lower edge with a coin, etc. Remove the cover over the opening for the towing eyelet on the rear bumper by press- ing the lower right corner of the cover. Screw the towing eyelet in place first by hand and then using the tire iron until it is securely in place.

After the vehicle has been towed, the eyelet should be removed and returned to its storage space.

Towing a vehicle with all four wheels on the ground

WARNING

Do not use the towing eyelets to pull the vehicle up onto a flat bed tow truck.

WARNING

Volvo does not recommend towing a disa- bled vehicle behind another vehicle. Signif- icant difficulty in steering and braking, com- bined with unfavorable weather, traffic, and road conditions may make it impossible to maintain vehicle control.

1. Apply the parking brake.

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06 Starting and driving

Towing

2.

Insert the key into the ignition to unlock the steering wheel. With the engine off and the vehicle at a standstill, great effort will be required to turn the steering wheel. 3. Turn the ignition key to position II. 4. Place the gear selector in neutral. For vehi- cles with automatic transmissions, follow instruction on page 158, "Shiftlock over- ride" to allow the gear selector to be moved from the Park position.

5. Keep firm pressure on the brake pedal

while releasing the parking brake.

6. When towing has been completed, return

the gear selector to Park (automatic) or Reverse (manual) and apply the parking brake.

The following points should also be observed: • Never exceed 50 mph (80 km/h). Never exceed local towing speed limits and heed all local towing restrictions.

• Never tow farther than 50 miles (80 km). • Keep the tow rope taut at all times while the

vehicle is in motion.

• The disabled vehicle should be towed in

the forward direction only.

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WARNING

• Never allow a vehicle to be towed with- out a driver behind the wheel of the dis- abled vehicle.

• When the engine is not running, steering

resistance and the effort needed to apply the brakes will be great.

• Never attempt to tow a vehicle with a

dead battery at night.

CAUTION

• Check with state and local authorities before attempting this type of towing, as vehicles being towed are subject to regulations regarding maximum towing speed, length and type of towing device, lighting, marker flags, etc.

• Never attempt to push- or tow-start a vehicle with a dead battery. This would inject unburned fuel into the three-way catalytic converter(s), causing over- heating, backfiring, and damage, see page 168 for instructions on jump star- ting the vehicle.

Towing vehicles with front wheel drive Volvo recommends the use of flat bed equip- ment for towing vehicles with front wheel drive. If wheel lift equipment must be used, please use extreme caution to help avoid damage to the vehicle. In this case, the vehicle should be towed with the rear wheels on the ground if at all possible. If it is absolutely necessary to tow the vehicle with the front wheels on the ground, please refer to the towing information on the previous page. • Sling-type equipment applied at the front will damage radiator and air conditioning lines.

• It is equally important not to use sling-type equipment at the rear or apply lifting equip- ment inside the rear wheels; serious dam- age to the rear axle may result.

• If the vehicle is being towed on a flat bed truck, the towing eyelets must not be used to secure the vehicle on the flat bed. Con- sult the tow truck operator.

WARNING

• The power brakes and power steering will not function when the engine is not running. Approximately 5 times more pressure will be required on the brake pedal and the steering wheel will be considerably harder to turn.

• The towing eyelets must not be used for pulling the vehicle out of a ditch or for any similar purpose involving severe strain. Do not use the towing eyelets to pull the vehicle up onto a flat bed tow truck.

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Towing

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06 Starting and driving

Jump starting

Jump starting the vehicle

Follow these instructions to jump start your vehicle's dead battery or to jump start another vehicle's dead battery using your vehicle. If the 12-volt auxiliary battery to be used is in another vehicle, check that the vehicles are not touch- ing to prevent premature completion of a cir- cuit. Be sure to follow jump starting instruc- tions provided for the other vehicle. To jump start your vehicle: 1. Switch off the ignition. 2. First connect the auxiliary battery positive (+) terminal (1) to the positive (+) terminal in

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your vehicle's battery (2), marked with a "+" sign.

3. Connect the auxiliary battery's negative (–)

terminal (3) to the ground point in your vehicle's engine compartment near the driver's side spring strut (4).

4. Start the engine in the assisting vehicle, then start the engine in the vehicle with dead battery.

5. After the engine has started, first remove

the negative (–) terminal jumper cable. Then remove the positive (+) terminal jumper cable.

WARNING

PROPOSITION 65 WARNING! Battery posts, terminals, and related acces- sories contain lead and lead compounds, chemicals known to the state of California to cause cancer and reproductive harm. Wash hands after handling.

WARNING

• Do not connect the jumper cable to any part of the fuel system or to any moving parts. Avoid touching hot manifolds.

• Batteries generate hydrogen gas, which

is flammable and explosive.

• Battery fluid contains sulfuric acid. Do not allow battery fluid to contact eyes, skin, fabrics or painted surfaces. If con- tact occurs, flush the affected area immediately with water. Obtain medical help immediately if eyes are affected.

• Never expose the battery to open flame

or electric spark.

• Do not smoke near the battery. • Failure to follow the instructions for jump starting can lead to personal injury.

• Do not touch the jumper cables during

the attempt to start the vehicle. This could cause sparks.

Loading the vehicle Your vehicle's load-carrying capacity is affec- ted by factors such as: • the number of passengers • tire inflation • the amount of optional or accessory equip-

ment installed

• the amount of cargo. See the chapter "Wheels and tires" for more detailed information. Before loading the car, turn off the engine, and apply the parking brake when loading or unloading long objects. The gear selector can be inadvertently knocked out of position by long cargo, causing the car to move.

Keep the following in mind when loading the vehicle: • Load objects in the cargo area against the

rear seat backrest.

• Load heavy cargo as low as possible. • Center wide loads. • Secure all cargo with restraining straps anchored to the load securing eyelets.

• Cover sharp edges on the load. • The rear seats can be folded down to extend the cargo compartment, see page 117.

WARNING

• Remember that an object weighing 44 lbs (20 kg) produces a force of 2,200 lbs (1,000 kg) in a head-on colli- sion at 30 mph (50 km/h)!

• When the rear backrest(s) are folded

down, the vehicle should not be loaded to a level higher than 2 in. (5 cm) below the upper edge of the rear side win- dows. Objects placed higher than this level could impede the function of the Inflatable Curtain.

Load carriers (accessory) Load carriers are available as Volvo accesso- ries. Follow the installation instructions sup- plied with the load carriers. Observe the following points when using load carriers: • To avoid damaging your car and to achieve maximum safety when driving, we recom- mend using the load carriers that Volvo has developed especially for your car.

• Volvo-approved removable roof racks are designed to carry the maximum allowable roof load for this vehicle: 165 lbs (75 kg). For Non-Volvo roof racks, check the man- ufacturer's weight limits for the rack.

06 Starting and driving

Transporting loads

• Never exceed the rack manufacturer's

weigh limits and never exceed the maxi- mum rated roof load of 165 lbs (75 kg).

• Avoid single-point loads. Distribute loads

evenly.

• Place heavier cargo at the bottom of the

load.

• Secure the cargo correctly with appropri-

ate tie-down equipment.

• Check periodically that the load carriers

and load are properly secured.

• Remember that the car's center of gravity

and handling change when you carry a load on the roof.

• The car's wind resistance and fuel con-

sumption will increase with the size of the load.

• Drive smoothly. Avoid rapid starts, fast

cornering and hard braking.

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06 Starting and driving

Blind Spot Information System (BLIS)*

Introduction

BLIS camera

Indicator light

BLIS symbol

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The Blind Spot Information System (BLIS) is an information system that indicates the presence of another vehicle moving in the same direction as your vehicle in the side-view mirror's "blind area".

CAUTION

The BLIS system should only be repaired by a trained and qualified Volvo service tech- nician.

WARNING

• BLIS is an information system, NOT a

warning or safety system.

• BLIS does not eliminate the need for you to visually confirm the conditions around you, and the need for you to turn your head and shoulders to make sure that you can safely change lanes.

• As the driver, you have full responsibility

for changing lanes in a safe manner.

The system is based on digital camera tech- nology. The cameras (1) are located beneath the side-view mirrors. When one (or both) of the cameras have detected a vehicle in the blind area (up to approximately 10 ft. (3 meters) from the side of your vehicle, and up to approximately 31 ft. (9.5 meters) behind the side-view mirror), the indicator light in the door panel (2) illuminates. The light will glow continuously to alert the driver of the vehicle in the blind area.

NOTE

The door panel indicator light illuminates on the side of the vehicle where the system has detected another vehicle. If your vehicle is passed on both sides at the same time, both lights will illuminate.

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* Option/accessory, for more information, see Introduction.

A = approx. 10 ft. (3 meters), B = approx. 31 ft. (9.5 meters) BLIS has an integrated function that alerts the driver if a fault should occur with the system. For example, if one or both of the system's cameras are obscured, a message (see the table on page 172) will appear in the informa- tion display in the instrument panel. If this occurs, clean the camera lenses. If necessary, the system can be temporarily switched off (for instructions see page 172).

06 Starting and driving

Blind Spot Information System (BLIS)*

When does BLIS function The system functions when your vehicle is moving at speeds above 6 mph (10 km/h). When you pass another vehicle: The system reacts when you pass another vehicle at a speed of up to 6 mph (10 km/h) faster than that vehicle. When you are passed by another vehicle: The system reacts if your vehicle is passed by another vehicle at a speed of up to 43 mph (70 km/h) faster than your vehicle.

WARNING

• BLIS does not function in sharp curves. • BLIS does not function when your vehi-

cle is backing up.

• If you are towing a wide trailer, this may prevent the BLIS cameras from detect- ing other vehicles in adjacent lanes.

How BLIS functions in daylight and darkness Daylight BLIS reacts to the shape of surrounding vehi- cles. The system is designed to help detect motor vehicles such as cars, trucks, buses, motorcycles, etc.

Darkness BLIS reacts to the headlights of surrounding vehicles. In order to be detected by BLIS, a vehicle in the blind area must have its head- lights on. This means, for example, that the system will not detect a trailer without head- lights that is being towed behind a car or truck.

WARNING

• BLIS does not react to cyclists or

mopeds.

• BLIS does not react to vehicles that are

standing still.

• The BLIS cameras have the same limi- tation as the human eye. In other words, their "vision is impaired" by adverse weather conditions such as heavy snowfall, intense light directly into the camera, dense fog, etc.

Limitations In certain situations, the BLIS indicator light(s) may illuminate even when there are no other vehicles in the area monitored by the system.

NOTE

If the BLIS indicator lights illuminate occa- sionally even when there are no other vehi- cles in the blind area, this does not indicate a fault in the system. In the event of a fault, Blind spot syst. Service required will be displayed.

The following are several examples of situa- tions in which the BLIS indicator light(s) may illuminate even when there are no other vehi- cles in the area monitored by the system.

Light reflected from a wet road surface

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* Option/accessory, for more information, see Introduction.

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06 Starting and driving

Blind Spot Information System (BLIS)*

CAUTION

• Clean the lenses carefully to avoid

scratching.

• The lenses are electrically heated to

help melt ice or snow. If necessary, gen- tly brush away snow from the lenses.

The vehicle's own shadow against a large, light, smooth surface such as barriers between lanes on a highway

Switching BLIS on and off

Sunlight directly in the camera when the sun is low on the horizon

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Cleaning the BLIS camera lenses In order to function optimally, the BLIS camera lenses must be kept clean. They can be wiped clean with a soft cloth or wet sponge.

BLIS button (left button in the illustration) BLIS is automatically activated when the igni- tion is switched on. The indicator lights will provide confirmation by flashing 3 times. • The system can be switched off by press- ing the BLIS button in the center console. The indicator light in the button goes out

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* Option/accessory, for more information, see Introduction.

when the system is switched off, and a text message is displayed.

• BLIS can be switched on again by pressing the button. The indicator light in the button will illuminate and a new text message will be displayed. Press the READ button, see page 61, to erase the message.

BLIS system messages Text in the display

System status

BLIS SERVICE REQUIRED

BLIS not functioning properly. Contact an authorized Volvo serv- ice technician.

BLIS CAMERA BLOCKED

BLIS camera obscured. Clean the lenses.

BLIS ON

BLIS system on

Text in the display

BLIS OFF

BLIS REDUCED FUNCTION

System status

BLIS system off

The BLIS cameras' function has been reduced due to weak or impaired data transfer between the BLIS sys- tem's cameras and the vehicle's electrical sys- tem. The cameras will reset themselves when this data transfer has returned to normal.

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Blind Spot Information System (BLIS)*

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* Option/accessory, for more information, see Introduction.

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06 Starting and driving

Rear park assist*

Introduction

Rear park assist The park assist system is designed to assist you when driving into parking spaces, garages, etc. It utilizes four ultrasound sensors located in the rear bumper to measure the distance to a vehicle, object or a person who may be close to the rear of your vehicle.

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WARNING

Park Assist is an information system, NOT a safety system. This system is designed to be a supplementary aid when parking the vehicle. It is not, however, intended to replace the driver's attention and judge- ment.

Function The system is activated automatically when the vehicle is started. The indicator light in the but- ton in the center console illuminates. Park assist monitors the area behind the vehicle when the engine is running and reverse gear has been selected. The distance monitored behind the vehicle is approximately 5 ft (1.5 m). The signal comes from the rear speakers. The system must be deactivated when towing a trailer, carrying bicycles in a rear-mounted carrier, etc., which could trigger the rear park assist system's sensors.

NOTE

Rear park assist is deactivated automati- cally when towing a trailer if Volvo genuine trailer wiring is used.

Activating/deactivating park assist

Park Assist button (right button in the illustration) The system is activated automatically when the vehicle is started. – Press the Park assist button on the center console to temporarily deactivate the sys- tem. The indicator light in the button will go out when the system has been deacti- vated.

– Park assist will be automatically reactiva- ted the next time the engine is started, or if the button is pressed (the indicator light in the button will illuminate).

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* Option/accessory, for more information, see Introduction.

Audible signals from the park assist system The Park Assist system uses an intermittent tone that pulses faster as you come close to an object, and becomes constant when you are within approximately 1 ft (30 cm) of an object behind the vehicle. If the volume of another source from the audio system is high, this will be automatically lowered.

Faults in the system

If the information symbol illumi- nates and PARK ASSIST SERVICE REQUIRED is shown on the information display, this indicates that the system is not

functioning properly and has been disengaged. Consult a Volvo retailer or authorized Volvo service technician.

CAUTION

In certain circumstances, the park assist system may give unexpected warning sig- nals that can be caused by external sound sources that use the same ultrasound fre- quencies as the system. This may include such things as the horns of other vehicles, wet tires on asphalt, pneumatic brakes, motorcycle exhaust pipes, etc. This does not indicate a fault in the system.

06 Starting and driving

Rear park assist*

Cleaning the sensors

Park assist sensors The sensors must be cleaned regularly to ensure that they work properly. Clean them with water and a suitable car washing deter- gent. Ice and snow covering the sensors may cause incorrect warning signals.

NOTE

If the sensors are obstructed by e.g., dirt, snow, or ice, this could result in false warn- ing signals from the park assist system.

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* Option/accessory, for more information, see Introduction.

175

General information............................................................................... 178
Tire inflation........................................................................................... 181
Inflation pressure ................................................................................. 183
Tire designations................................................................................... 184
Glossary of tire terminology.................................................................. 186
Vehicle loading...................................................................................... 187
Uniform tire quality gradings................................................................. 188
Snow chains, snow tires, studded tires................................................ 189
Tire Sealing System* ............................................................................ 190
Temporary spare................................................................................... 196
Spare tire and jack ............................................................................... 197
Wheel nuts............................................................................................ 199
Changing a wheel................................................................................. 200
Tire Pressure Monitoring System (TPMS)............................................. 202

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* Option/accessory, for more information, see Introduction.

WHEELS AND TIRES

07 Wheels and tires

General information

Introduction Your vehicle is equipped with tires according to the vehicle's tire information placard on the B-pillar (the structural member at the side of the vehicle, at the rear of the driver's door opening).

CAUTION

Some Volvo models are equipped with an Ultra High Performance tire and wheel com- bination designed to provide maximum dry pavement performance with consideration for hydroplaning resistance. They may be more susceptible to road hazard damage and, depending on driving conditions, may achieve a tread life of less than 20,000 miles (30,000 km). Even if this vehicle is equipped with Volvo’s advanced DSTC system, these tires are not designed for winter driving, and should be replaced with winter tires when weather conditions dictate.

The tires have good road holding characteris- tics and offer good handling on dry and wet surfaces. It should be noted however that the tires have been developed to give these fea- tures on snow/ice-free surfaces. Most models are equipped with "all-season" tires, which provide a somewhat higher degree of road holding on slippery surfaces than tires without the "all-season" rating. However, for

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optimum road holding on icy or snow-covered roads, we recommend suitable winter tires on all four wheels. When replacing tires, be sure that the new tires are the same size designation, type (radial) and preferably from the same manufacturer, on all four wheels. Otherwise there is a risk of altering the car's roadholding and handling characte- ristics.

New Tires

Remember that tires are perishable goods. As of 2000, the manufacturing week and year (Department of Transportation (DOT) stamp) will be indicated with 4 digits (e.g., 1510 means that the tire illustrated was manufactured dur- ing week 15 of 2010).

Tire rotation Your vehicle has no required tire rotation. Tire wear is affected by a number of factors such as tire inflation, ambient temperature, driving style, etc.

NOTE

• If the tires are rotated, they should only

be moved from front to rear or vice versa. They should never be rotated left to right/right to left.

• Ideally, tire rotation should be done the

first time after approximately 3,000
miles (5,000 km) and thereafter at 6,000-mile (10,000-km) intervals. Some customers find that tire rotation may help to get extra mileage from tire life. • Tire rotation should only be performed if front/rear tire wear is fairly even and tread height is above 1/16" (1.6 mm).

Your Volvo retailer can also provide guidance based on your particular driving circumstan- ces.

Tire age Tires degrade over time, even when they are not being used. It is recommended that tires generally be replaced after 6 years of normal service. Heat caused by hot climates, frequent high loading conditions or Ultra Violet (U.V)

exposure can accelerate the aging process. The temporary spare1 should also be replaced at 6-year intervals, even if it has never been used. A tire's age can be determined by the DOT stamp on the sidewall (see the illustration). A tire with e.g., visible cracks or discoloration should be replaced immediately.

Tread wear indicator

The tires have wear indicator strips running across or parallel to the tread. The letters TWI are printed on the side of the tire. When approximately 1/16" (1.6 mm) is left on the

1 Option or accessory on some models

tread, these strips become visible and indicate that the tire should be replaced. Tires with less than 1/16" (1.6 mm) tread offer very poor trac- tion. When replacing worn tires, it is recommended that the tire be identical in type (radial) and size as the one being replaced. Using a tire of the same make (manufacturer) will prevent altera- tion of the driving characteristics of the vehicle.

Improving tire economy • Maintain correct tire pressure. For the tire

pressure tables, see page 183.

• Drive smoothly: avoid fast starts, hard

braking and tire screeching.

• Tire wear increases with speed. • Correct front wheel alignment is very

important.

• Unbalanced wheels impair tire economy

and driving comfort.

• Tires must maintain the same direction of

rotation throughout their lifetime.

• When replacing tires, the tires with the

most tread should be mounted on the rear wheels to reduce the chance of oversteer during hard braking.

• Hitting curbs or potholes can damage the

tires and/or wheels permanently.

07 Wheels and tires

General information

Summer and winter tires

The arrows shows the direction of rotation of the tire • When switching between summer and winter tires, mark the tires to indicate where they were mounted on the car, e.g., LF = left front, RR = right rear

• Tires with tread designed to roll in only one direction are marked with an arrow on the sidewall.

• Incorrectly mounted tires impair the car's

braking properties and ability to force aside rain, snow and slush.

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07 Wheels and tires

General information

• The tires with the most tread should always

be at the rear (to reduce the risk of skid- ding).

• Contact a Volvo workshop if you are

unsure about the tread depth.

Storing wheels and tires When storing complete wheels (tires mounted on rims), they should be suspended off the floor or placed on their sides on the floor. Tires not mounted on rims should be stored on their sides or standing upright, but should not be suspended.

CAUTION

Tires should preferably be stored in a cool, dry, dark place, and should never be stored in close proximity to solvents, gasoline, oils, etc.

WARNING

• The wheel and tire sizes for your Volvo are specified to meet stringent stability and handling requirements. Unap- proved wheel/tire size combinations can negatively affect your vehicle's sta- bility and handling.

• Any damage caused by installation of unapproved wheel/tire size combina- tions will not be covered by your new vehicle warranty. Volvo assumes no responsibility for death, injury, or expenses that may result from such installations.

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180

Inflation placard

NOTE

The placards shown indicate inflation pres- sure for the tires installed on the car at the factory only.

Use a tire gauge to check the tire inflation pres- sure, including the spare, at least once a month and before long trips. You are strongly urged to buy a reliable tire pressure gauge, as auto- matic service station gauges may be inaccu- rate. Use the recommended cold inflation pressure for optimum tire performance and wear. Under-inflation or over-inflation may cause uneven treadwear patterns.

WARNING

• Under-inflation is the most common cause of tire failure and may result in severe tire cracking, tread separation, or "blowout," with unexpected loss of vehicle control and increased risk of injury.

• Under-inflated tires reduce the load car-

rying capacity of your vehicle.

When weather temperature changes occur, tire inflation pressures also change. A 10-degree temperature drop causes a corresponding drop of 1 psi (7 kPa) in inflation pressure. Check

Tire inflation placard Check tire inflation pressure regularly. Tables listing the recommended inflation pres- sure for your vehicle can be found beginning on page 183. A tire inflation pressure placard is also located on the driver's side B-pillar (the structural member at the side of the vehicle, at the rear of the driver's door opening). This plac- ard indicates the designation of the factory- mounted tires on your vehicle, as well as load limits and inflation pressure.

07 Wheels and tires

Tire inflation

your tire pressures frequently and adjust them to the proper pressure, which can be found on the vehicle's tire information placard or certifi- cation label.

Checking tire pressure

Cold tires Inflation pressure should be checked when the tires are cold. The tires are considered to be cold when they have the same temperature as the sur- rounding (ambient) air. This temperature is normally reached after the car has been parked for at least 3 hours. After driving a distance of approximately 1 mile (1.6 km), the tires are considered to be hot. If you have to drive farther than this distance to pump your tire(s), check and record the tire pressure first and add the appropriate air pres- sure when you get to the pump. If checking tire pressure when the tire is hot, never "bleed" or reduce air pressure. The tires are hot from driving and it is normal for pres- sures to increase above recommended cold pressures. A hot tire at or below recommended cold inflation pressure could be significantly under-inflated.

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181

Load ratings See page 184 for an explanation of the load rating on the sidewall of the tire.

Speed ratings The speed ratings in the tables translate as fol- lows:

Speed ratings

81 mph (130 km/h)

100 mph (160 km/h)

118 mph (190 km/h)

130 mph (210 km/h)

149 mph (240 km/h)

168 mph (270 km/h)

186 mph (300 km/h)

07 Wheels and tires

Tire inflation

To check inflation pressure: 1. Remove the cap from the valve on one tire,

then firmly press the tire gauge onto the valve.

2. Add air to reach the recommended air

pressure

3. Replace the valve cap. 4. Visually inspect the tires to make sure there

are no nails or other objects embedded that could puncture the tire and cause an air leak.

5. Check the sidewalls to make sure there are no gouges, cuts, bulges or other irregular- ities.

6. Repeat this procedure for each tire, includ-

ing the spare.

NOTE

• If you overfill the tire, release air by

pushing on the metal stem in the center of the valve. Then recheck the pressure with your tire gauge.

• Some spare tires require higher inflation

pressure than the other tires. Consult the tire inflation tables, see page 183, or see the inflation pressure placard.

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07 Wheels and tires

Inflation pressure

Tire inflation pressure table The following tire pressures are recommended by Volvo for your vehicle. Refer to the tire infla-

tion placard (see page 181 for its location) for information specific to the tires installed on your vehicle at the factory.

Tire size

Cold tire pressure up to four persons psi (kPa)

205/55 R16 91V

205/50 R17 Extra load 215/45 R18 Extra load A

Temporary spare tire T125/85R16

Front psi (kPa)

32 (220)

35 (240)

61 (420)

A Tires of this type may not be mounted on vehicles equipped with the optional self-leveling system.

NOTE

Please consult a Volvo retailer’s Parts department for the most up-to-date speci- fications.

Rear psi (kPa)

32 (220)

35 (240)

61 (420)

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07 Wheels and tires

Tire designations

Tire designations

10

11

12

Federal law mandates that tire manufacturers place standardized information on the sidewall of all tires (see the illustration). The following information is listed on the tire sidewall: The tire designation:

215: The width of the tire (in millimeters) from sidewall edge to sidewall edge. The larger the number, the wider the tire. 65: The ratio of the tire's height to its width in percent. R: Radial tire (the designation RF and the

symbol indicate that the vehicle is

equipped with optional self-supporting run flat tires1 See page 204 for more informa- tion about these tires). 15: The diameter of the wheel rim (in inches). 95: The tire's load index. In this example, a load index of 95 equals a maximum load of 1521 lbs (690 kg). H: The tire's speed rating, or the maximum speed at which the tire is designed to be driven for extended periods of time, carry- ing a permissible load for the vehicle, and with correct inflation pressure. For exam- ple, H indicates a speed rating of 130 mph (210 km/h).

07

NOTE

Please be aware that the following tire des- ignation is an example only and that this particular tire may not be available on your vehicle.

NOTE

The tire's load index and speed rating may not appear on the sidewall because they are not required by law.

1 Self-supporting run flat tires may not be available on all models.

184

M+S or M/S = Mud and Snow, AT = All Terrain, AS = All Season U.S. DOT Tire Identification Number (TIN): This begins with the letters "DOT" and indicates that the tire meets all federal standards. The next two numbers or letters are the plant code where it was manufac- tured, the next two are the tire size code and the last four numbers represent the week and year the tire was built. For exam- ple, 1510 means that the tire was manu- factured during week 15 of 2010. The num- bers in between are marketing codes used at the manufacturer's discretion. This infor- mation helps a tire manufacturer identify a tire for safety recall purposes. Tire Ply Composition and Material Used: Indicates the number of plies indi- cates or the number of layers of rubber- coated fabric in the tire tread and sidewall. Tire manufacturers also must indicate the ply materials in the tire and the sidewall, which include steel, nylon, polyester, and others.

Maximum Load: Indicates the maximum load in pounds and kilograms that can be carried by the tire. Refer to the vehicle's tire information placard located on the B-Pillar or the driver's door for the correct tire pres- sure for your vehicle. Treadwear, Traction, and Temperature grades: See page 188 for more informa- tion. Maximum permissible inflation pres- sure: The greatest amount of air pressure that should ever be put in the tire. This limit is set by the tire manufacturer.

The tire suppliers may have additional mark- ings, notes or warnings such as standard load, radial tubeless, etc.

07 Wheels and tires

Tire designations

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185

as the surrounding (ambient) air. This tem- perature is normally reached after the car has been parked for at least 3 hours.

Properly loading your vehicle will provide maxi- mum return of vehicle design performance.

07 Wheels and tires

Glossary of tire terminology

Terminology • Tire information placard: A placard

showing the OE (Original Equipment) tire sizes, recommended inflation pressure, and the maximum weight the vehicle can carry.

• Tire Identification Number (TIN): A num- ber on the sidewall of each tire providing information about the tire brand and man- ufacturing plant, tire size and date of man- ufacturer.

• Inflation pressure: A measure of the

amount of air in a tire.

• Standard load: A class of P-metric or Met- ric tires designed to carry a maximum load at 35 psi [37 psi (2.5 bar) for Metric tires]. Increasing the inflation pressure beyond this pressure will not increase the tires load carrying capability.

• Extra load: A class of P-metric or Metric tires designed to carry a heavier maximum load at 41 psi [43 psi (2.9 bar) for Metric tires]. Increasing the inflation pressure beyond this pressure will not increase the tires load carrying capability.

• kPa: Kilopascal, a metric unit of air pres-

sure.

• PSI: Pounds per square inch, a standard

unit of air pressure.

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186

• B-pillar: The structural member at the side

of the vehicle behind the front door.

• Bead area of the tire: Area of the tire next

to the rim.

• Sidewall of the tire: Area between the

bead area and the tread.

• Tread area of the tire: Area of the perim- eter of the tire that contacts the road when mounted on the vehicle.

• Rim: The metal support (wheel) for a tire or a tire and tube assembly upon which the tire beads are seated.

• Maximum load rating: a figure indicating

the maximum load in pounds and kilo- grams that can be carried by the tire. This rating is established by the tire manufac- turer.

• Maximum permissible inflation pres-

sure: the greatest amount of air pressure that should ever be put in the tire. This limit is set by the tire manufacturer.

• Recommended tire inflation pressure: inflation pressure, established by Volvo, which is based on the type of tires that are mounted on a vehicle at the factory. This information can be found on the tire infla- tion placard(s) located on the driver's side B-pillar and in the tire inflation table in this chapter.

• Cold tires: The tires are considered to be cold when they have the same temperature

Loading the vehicle Before loading your vehicle, familiarize yourself with the following terms for determining your vehicle's weight ratings, with or without a trailer, from the vehicle's Federal/Canadian Motor Vehicle Safety Standards (FMVSS/ CMVSS) label, and the vehicle's tire informa- tion placard:

Curb weight The weight of the vehicle including a full tank of fuel and all standard equipment. It does not include passengers, cargo, or optional equip- ment.

Capacity weight All weight added to the curb weight, including cargo and optional equipment. When towing, trailer hitch tongue load is also part of cargo weight.

Permissible axle weight The maximum allowable weight that can be carried by a single axle (front or rear). These numbers are shown on the Federal/Canadian Motor Vehicle Safety Standards (FMVSS/ CMVSS) label. The total load on each axle must never exceed its maximum permissible weight.

Gross vehicle weight (GVW) The vehicle's curb weight + cargo + passen- gers.

NOTE

• The location of the various labels in your

vehicle can be found on page 272.

• A table listing important weight limits for

your vehicle can be found on page 275.

Steps for Determining Correct Load Limit 1. Locate the statement "the combined

weight of occupants and cargo should never exceed XXX pounds" on your vehi- cle's placard.

2. Determine the combined weight of the

driver and passengers that will be riding in your vehicle.

3. Subtract the combined weight of the driver

and passengers from XXX kilograms or XXX pounds.

4. The resulting figure equals the available

amount of cargo and luggage load capacity. For example, if the "XXX" amount equals 1400 lbs. and there will be five 150 lbs. passengers in your vehicle, the amount of available cargo and luggage load capacity is 650 lbs. (1400–750 (5×150) = 650 lbs.)

07 Wheels and tires

Vehicle loading

5. Determine the combined weight of luggage

and cargo being loaded on the vehicle. That weight may not safely exceed the available cargo and luggage load capacity calculated in Step 4.

WARNING

• Exceeding the permissible axle weight,

gross vehicle weight, or any other weight rating limits can cause tire over- heating resulting in permanent defor- mation or catastrophic failure.

• Do not use replacement tires with lower load carrying capacities than the tires that were original equipment on the vehicle because this will lower the vehi- cle's GVW rating. Use only tires with the correct load carrying capacity. Consult your Volvo retailer for information.

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WARNING

The temperature grade for this tire is estab- lished for a tire that is properly inflated and not overloaded. Excessive speed, under- inflation, or excessive loading, either sepa- rately or in combination, can cause heat buildup and tire failure.

07 Wheels and tires

Uniform tire quality gradings

Uniform tire quality gradings ALL PASSENGER VEHICLE TIRES MUST CONFORM TO FEDERAL SAFETY REQUIREMENTS IN ADDITION TO THESE GRADES Quality grades can be found, where appli- cable, on the tire sidewall between the tread shoulder and maximum section width. For example: Treadwear 200 Traction AA Temperature A

TREADWEAR The treadwear grade is a comparative rating based on the wear rate of the tire when tested under controlled conditions on a specified gov- ernment test course. For example, a tire gra- ded 150 would wear one and one half (1 1/2) times as well on the government course as a tire graded 100. The relative performance of tires depends upon the actual conditions of their use, however, and many depart signifi- cantly from the norm due to variation in driving habits, maintenance practices and differences in road characteristics and climate.

TRACTION The traction grades, from highest to lowest, are AA, A, B, and C, as measured under controlled conditions on specified government test sur-

07

188

faces of asphalt and concrete. A tire marked C may have poor traction performance. The trac- tion grade assigned to this tire is based on braking (straight-ahead) traction tests and is not a measure of cornering (turning) traction.

WARNING

The traction grade assigned to this tire is based on braking (straight-ahead) traction tests and is not a measure of cornering (turning) traction.

TEMPERATURE The temperature grades are A (the highest), B, and C, representing the tire's resistance to the generation of heat and its ability to dissipate heat when tested under controlled conditions on a specified indoor laboratory test wheel. Sustained high temperature can cause the material of the tire to degenerate and reduce tire life, and excessive temperature can lead to sudden tire failure. The grade C corresponds to a minimum level of performance that all pas- senger vehicle tires must meet under the Fed- eral Motor Safety Standard No. 109. Grades B and A represent higher levels of performance on the laboratory test wheel than the minimum required by law.

07 Wheels and tires

Snow chains, snow tires, studded tires

Snow chains Snow chains can be used on your Volvo with the following restrictions: • Snow chains should be installed on front

wheels only. Use only Volvo approved snow chains.

• If accessory, aftermarket or "custom" tires and wheels are installed and are of a size different than the original tires and wheels, chains in some cases CANNOT be used. Sufficient clearances between chains and brakes, suspension and body components must be maintained.

• Some strap-on type chains will interfere

with brake components and therefore CANNOT be used.

• Certain size tires may not allow the assem-

bly of snow chains/traction devices.

Consult your Volvo retailer for additional snow chain information.

CAUTION

• Check local regulations regarding the use of snow chains before installing.

• Always follow the chain manufacturer's installation instructions carefully. Install chains as tightly as possible and retighten periodically.

• Never exceed the chain manufacturer's specified maximum speed limit. (Under no circumstances should you exceed 31 mph (50 km/h).

• Avoid bumps, holes or sharp turns

when driving with snow chains.

• The handling of the vehicle can be

adversely affected when driving with chains. Avoid fast or sharp turns as well as locked wheel braking.

Snow tires, studded tires

Tires for winter use: • Owners who live in or regularly commute through areas with sustained periods of snow or icy driving conditions are strongly advised to fit suitable winter tires to help retain the highest degree of traction.

• It is important to install winter tires on all four wheels to help retain traction during cornering, braking, and accelerating. Fail-

ure to do so could reduce traction to an unsafe level or adversely affect handling. • Do not mix tires of different design as this could also negatively affect overall tire road grip.

• Winter tires wear more quickly on dry roads in warm weather. They should be removed when the winter driving season has ended.

• Studded tires should be run-in

300–600 miles (500–1000 km) during which the car should be driven as smoothly as possible to give the studs the opportu- nity to seat properly in the tires. The tires should have the same rotational direction throughout their entire lifetime.

NOTE

Please consult state or provincial regula- tions restricting the use of studded winter tires before installing such tires.

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07 Wheels and tires

Tire Sealing System*

Introduction

Location of the tire sealing system Certain models are equipped with a tire sealing system that enables you to temporarily seal a hole in the tread surface and re-inflate a flat tire, or to adjust a tire’s inflation pressure. The system consists of an air compressor, a container for the sealing compound, wiring to connect the system to the vehicle’s electrical system via one of the 12-volt sockets, and a hose used to connect the system to the tire’s inflation valve.

07

NOTE

The tire sealing system's compressor has been tested and approved by Volvo.

The 12-volt sockets are located in the front tunnel console and on the rear side of the tun- nel console, in the rear seat.

Accessing the tire sealing system The tire sealing system is stowed under the floor of the cargo area. To access it: 1. Lift the floor hatch in the cargo area. 2. Remove the screw holding the tire sealing

system's retaining bracket.

3. Lift out the tire sealing system.

NOTE

• The tire sealing system is only intended to seal holes on the tire’s tread area, not the sidewall.

WARNING

• After using the tire sealing system, the vehicle should not be driven farther than approximately 120 miles (200 km).

• Have the tire inspected by a trained and

qualified Volvo service technician as soon as possible to determine if it can be permanently repaired or must be replaced.

• The vehicle should not be driven faster than 50 mph (80 km/h) while using a tire that has been temporarily repaired with the tire sealing system.

• After using the tire sealing system, drive

carefully and avoid abrupt steering maneuvers and sudden stops.

• Tires with large holes or tears cannot be

repaired with the tire sealing system. • After use, stow the tire sealing system

properly to help prevent rattling.

190

* Option/accessory, for more information, see Introduction.

Stowing the tire sealing system

Tire sealing system–overview

WARNING

07 Wheels and tires

Tire Sealing System*

1. Return the tire sealing system to its storage

position.

2. Put the retaining bracket in its proper posi-

tion.

3. Tighten the screw that holds the bracket in

place.

Be sure the bracket is correctly installed and the screw tightened to help keep the tire seal- ing system from rattling.

Speed limit sticker

On/Off switch

Electrical wire

Bottle holder (orange cover)

Protective hose cover

Air release knob

Hose

Bottle with sealing compound

Air pressure gauge

Please keep the following points in mind when using the tire sealing system: • The sealing compound bottle (no. 8 in the illustration) contains 1) rubber latex, natural and 2) ethanediol. These sub- stances are harmful if swallowed.

• The contents of this bottle may cause allergic skin reactions or otherwise be potentially harmful to the respiratory tract, the skin, the central nervous sys- tem, and the eyes.

Precautions: • Keep out of reach of children. • Do not ingest the contents. • Avoid prolonged or repeated contact

with the skin.

• Wash thoroughly after handling. First aid: • Skin: Wash affected areas of skin with soap and water. Get medical attention if symptoms occur.

• Eyes: Flush with plenty of water for least

15 minutes, occasionally lifting the upper and lower eyelids. Get medical attention if symptoms occur.

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* Option/accessory, for more information, see Introduction.

191

07 Wheels and tires

Tire Sealing System*

• Inhalation: Move the exposed person to fresh air. If irritation persists, get medi- cal attention.

• Ingestion: Do NOT induce vomiting

unless directed to do so by medical per- sonnel. Get medical attention.

• Disposal: Dispose of this material and