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formed only by your SUBARU dealer. (cid:121) Wear adequate eye protection to guard against getting oil or fluids in your eyes. If something does get in your eyes, thoroughly wash them out with clean water. (cid:121) Do not tamper with the wiring of the SRS air- bag system or seatbelt pretensioner system, or attempt to take its connectors apart, as that
11-4
may activate the system or it can render it inop- erative. The wiring and connectors of these systems are yellow for easy identification. NEV- ER use a circuit tester for these wiring. If your SRS airbag or seatbelt pretensioner needs service, consult your nearest SUBARU dealer.
(cid:132) Before checking or servicing in the en-
gine compartment
(cid:121) Always stop the engine and set the parking brake firmly to prevent the vehicle from mov- ing. (cid:121) Always let the engine cool down. Engine parts become very hot when the engine is run- ning and remain hot for some time after the en- gine is stopped. (cid:121) Do not spill engine oil, engine coolant, brake fluid or any other fluid on hot engine compo- nents. This may cause a fire. (cid:121) Always remove the key from the ignition switch. When the ignition switch is in the “ON” position, the cooling fan may operate suddenly
even when the engine is stopped.
Engine hood
Maintenance and service
(cid:132) When you do checking or servicing in the engine compartment while the en- gine is running
A running engine can be dangerous. Keep your fingers, hands, clothing, hair and tools away from the cooling fan, belts and any other mov- ing engine parts. Removing rings, watches and ties is advisable.
HSB014BA
To open the hood: 1. If the wiper blades are lifted off the windshield, re- turn them to their original positions. 2. Pull the hood release knob under the instrument panel.
– CONTINUED – 11-5
Maintenance and service
UGB502BA
UGB503BA
3. Release the secondary hood release located under the front grille by moving the lever toward the left.
Lift up the hood, release the hood prop from its retain- er and put the end of the hood prop into the slot in the hood. To close the hood: All models except WRX and WRX-STi: 1. Lift the hood slightly and remove the hood prop from the slot in the hood and return the prop to its re- tainer. 2. Lower the hood until it approaches about 5.9 in (15
cm) from the closed position and let it drop. WRX and WRX-STi: 1. Lift the hood slightly and remove the hood prop11-6
from the slot in the hood and return the prop to its re- tainer. 2. Lower the hood until it approaches about 12 in (30
cm) from the closed position and let it drop. After closing the hood, be sure the hood is securely locked. If this does not close the hood, release it from a slightly higher position. Do not push the hood forcibly to close it. It could deform the metal.Always check that the hood is properly locked before you start driving. If it is not, it might fly open while the vehicle is moving and block your view, which may cause an accident and serious bodily injury.
Maintenance and service
– CONTINUED – 11-7
Maintenance and service
Engine compartment overview (cid:132) 2.5-liter non-turbo models
13
12
11
10
USB102BB
11-8
1) Air cleaner element (page 11-
24)
41)
2) Manual transmission oil level
gauge (MT) (page 11-30) or Dif- ferential gear oil level gauge (AT) (page 11-35)
3) Clutch fluid reservoir (page 11-
4) Automatic transmission fluid lev-
el gauge (page 11-32)
5) Brake fluid reservoir (page 11-
6) Windshield washer tank (page
7) Fuse box (page 11-65) 8) Battery (page 11-63) 9) Engine coolant reservoir (page
10) Engine oil filler cap (page 11-11) 11) Engine oil level gauge (page 11-
40)
11-56)
11-19)
11)
12) Radiator cap (page 11-19) 13) Power steering fluid reservoir
(page 11-38)
(cid:132) 2.0-liter turbo models
3 4 5
13
12
11
10 9
UGB138BB
Maintenance and service
1) Manual transmission oil level
gauge (MT) (page 11-30) or Dif- ferential gear oil level gauge (AT) (page 11-35)
2) Air cleaner element (page 11-
3) Clutch fluid reservoir (page 11-
4) Automatic transmission fluid lev-
el gauge (page 11-32)
5) Brake fluid reservoir (page 11-
6) Windshield washer tank (page
7) Fuse box (page 11-65) 8) Battery (page 11-63) 9) Engine oil filler cap (page 11-11) 10) Engine coolant reservoir (page
11) Engine oil level gauge (page 11-
24)
41)
40)
11-56)
11-19)
11)
12) Radiator cap (page 11-19) 13) Power steering fluid reservoir
(page 11-38)
– CONTINUED – 11-9
Maintenance and service
(cid:132) 2.5-liter turbo models
12
11
10
UGB139BB
11-10
1) Manual transmission oil level
gauge (MT) (page 11-30)
2) Air cleaner element (page 11-
3) Clutch fluid reservoir (page 11-
4) Brake fluid reservoir (page 11-
5) Windshield washer tank (page
6) Fuse box (page 11-65) 7) Battery (page 11-63) 8) Engine oil filler cap (page 11-11) 9) Engine coolant reservoir (page
10) Engine oil level gauge (page 11-
11) Radiator cap (page 11-19) 12) Power steering fluid reservoir
(page 11-38)
24)
41)
40)
11-56)
11-19)
11)
Engine oil (cid:132) Checking the oil level Check the engine oil level at each fuel stop. 1. Park the vehicle on a level surface and stop the en- gine.
HGB056BA
2. Pull out the dipstick, wipe it clean, and insert it again. 3. Be sure the dipstick is correctly inserted until it stops with the graphic symbol on its top appear- ing as shown in the illustration.
Maintenance and service
UGB081BB
2.5-liter turbo models 1) Notch 2) Upper level 3) Lower level
– CONTINUED – 11-11
Maintenance and service
UGB082BB
2.5-liter non-turbo and 2.0-liter turbo models 1) Notch 2) Upper level 3) Lower level 4. Pull out the dipstick again and check the oil level on it. If it is below the lower level, add oil to bring the level up to the upper level.
(cid:121) Use only engine oil with the recommended grade and viscosity. (cid:121) Be careful not to spill engine oil when adding it. If oil touches the exhaust pipe, it may cause
11-12
a bad smell, smoke, and/or a fire.
If you check the oil level just after stopping the engine, wait a few minutes for the oil to drain back into the oil pan before checking the level. Just after driving or while the engine is warm, the en- gine oil level reading may be in a range between the upper level and the notch mark. This is caused by ther- mal expansion of the engine oil. To prevent overfilling the engine oil, do not add any additional oil above the upper level when the engine is cold.
(cid:132) Changing the oil and oil filter Change the oil and oil filter according to the mainte- nance schedule in the “Warranty and Maintenance Booklet”. The engine oil and oil filter must be changed more fre- quently than listed in the maintenance schedule when driving on dusty roads, when short trips are frequently made, or when driving in extremely cold whether. 1. Warm up the engine by letting the engine idle for about 10 minutes to ease draining the engine oil. 2. Park the vehicle on a level surface and stop the en- gine.
3. Remove the oil filler cap.
Maintenance and service
2.5-liter turbo models
UGB071BA
2.0-liter turbo models
UGB085BA
– CONTINUED – 11-13
Maintenance and service
washer after the oil has completely drained out. 6. Remove under cover (for Turbo).
Turbo models
UGB083BA
UGB057DA
2.5-liter non-turbo models 4. Drain out the engine oil by removing the drain plug while the engine is still warm. The used oil should be drained into an appropriate container and disposed of properly.
Be careful not to burn yourself with hot engine oil.
5. Wipe the seating surface of the drain plug with a clean cloth and tighten it securely with a new sealing
11-14
Maintenance and service
Oil filter color
Part number
Amount of rotation
Black
White
15208AA080
1 rotation
15208AA09A
2/3 – 3/4 rotation
Never over tighten the oil filter because that can result in an oil leak.
11.Reinstall under cover (for Turbo). 12.Pour engine oil through the filler neck.
Oil capacity (guideline):
4.2 US qt (4.0 liters, 3.5 Imp qt)
The oil quantity indicated above is only guideline. The necessary quantity of oil depends on the quantity of oil that has been drained. The quantity of drained oil differs slightly depending on the temperature of the oil and the time the oil is left flowing out. After refilling the engine with oil, therefore, you must the dipstick to con- firm that the level is correct. 13.Start the engine and make sure that no oil leaks ap- pear around the filter’s rubber seal and drain plug.
– CONTINUED – 11-15
UGB057EA
Non-turbo models 7. Remove the oil filter with an oil filter wrench. 8. Before installing a new oil filter, apply a thin coat of engine oil to the seal. 9. Clean the rubber seal seating area of the bottom of engine and install the oil filter by hand turning. Be careful not to twist or damage the seal. 10.Tighten the oil filter by the amount indicated in the following table after the seal makes contact with the bottom of engine.
1
A PI S E RVICE
SAE
5W 30
GY CO N S E
R VIN
HSB022BB
API Service label 1) Indicates the oil quality by API designations 2) Indicates the SAE oil viscosity grade 3) Indicates that the oil has fuel saving capabilities
Maintenance and service
14.Run the engine until it reaches the normal operat- ing temperature. Then stop the engine and wait a few minutes to allow the oil drain back. Check the oil level again and if necessary, add more engine oil.
Be careful not to spill engine oil when adding it. If oil touches the exhaust pipe, it may cause a bad smell, smoke, and/or a fire.
(cid:132) Recommended grade and viscosity
Oil grade:
ILSAC GF-3, which can be identified with the new API certification mark (Starburst mark) or API classification SL with the words “ENERGY CONSERVING” (if you cannot obtain the oil with SL grade, you may use SJ grade “ENERGY CON- SERVING” oil).
These recommended oil grades can be identified by looking for either or both of the following marks dis- played on the oil container.
11-16
Maintenance and service
-30 -20 -10
10 20 30 40
-20
20
40
60
80 100
5W-30*
10W-30, 10W-40
HSB023AA
UGB084BA
RICAN P
T ROLEUM
IN
CERTIF I
New API Certification Mark (Starburst Mark) In choosing an oil, you want the proper quality and vis- cosity, as well as one that will add to fuel economy. The following table lists the recommended viscosities and applicable temperatures. When adding oil, different brands may be used togeth- er as long as they are the same API classification and SAE viscosity as those recommended by SUBARU.
SAE viscosity No. and applicable temperature *: 5W-30 is preferred. Engine oil viscosity (thickness) affects fuel economy. Oils of lower viscosity provide better fuel economy. However, in hot weather, oil of higher viscosity is re- quired to properly lubricate the engine.
Use only engine oil with the recommended grade and viscosity.
– CONTINUED – 11-17
Maintenance and service
(cid:132) Recommended grade and viscosity
under severe driving conditions
If the vehicle is used in desert areas, in areas with very high temperatures, or used for heavy-duty applica- tions such as towing a trailer, use of oil with the follow- ing grade and viscosities is recommended.
API classification SL (or SJ):
SAE viscosity No.: 30, 40, 10W-50, 20W-40, 20W-50
(cid:132) Synthetic oil You can use synthetic engine oil that meets the same requirements given for conventional engine oil. When using synthetic oil, you must use oil of the same clas- sification, viscosity and grade shown in this owner’s manual, and must follow the oil and filter changing in- tervals shown in the maintenance schedule.
11-18
Cooling system
Never attempt to remove the radiator cap until the engine has been shut off and has cooled down completely. Since the coolant is under pressure, you may suffer serious burns from a spray of boiling hot coolant when the cap is re- moved.
(cid:121) The cooling system has been filled at the fac- tory with a high quality, corrosion-inhibiting, year-around coolant which provides protection against freezing down to –33°F (–36°C). For adding, use genuine SUBARU coolant or an equivalent: a mixture of 50% soft water and 50% ethylene-glycol basis coolant. Use of improper coolants may result in corrosion in the cooling system. It is important to maintain protection against freezing and corrosion, even if freezing temperatures are not expected. Never mix dif- ferent kinds of coolant. (cid:121) Do not splash the engine coolant over paint-
ed parts. The alcohol contained in the engine coolant may damage the paint surface.
(cid:132) Engine coolant (cid:84) Checking the coolant level
Maintenance and service
(cid:132) Cooling fan, hose and connections Your vehicle employs an electric cooling fan which is thermostatically controlled to operate when the engine coolant reaches a specific temperature. If the radiator cooling fan does not operate even when the engine coolant temperature gauge exceeds the normal operating range, the cooling fan circuit may be defective. Check the fuse and replace it if necessary. If the fuse is not blown, have the cooling system checked by your SUBARU dealer. If frequent addition of coolant is necessary, there may be a leak in the engine cooling system. It is recom- mended that the cooling system and connections be checked for leaks, damage, or looseness.
FULL
LOW
UGB134BB
1) “FULL” level mark 2) “LOW” level mark Check the coolant level at each fuel stop. 1. Check the coolant level on the outside of the reser- voir while the engine is cool. 2. If the level is close to or lower than the “LOW” level mark, add coolant up to the “FULL” level mark. If the reserve tank is empty, remove the radiator cap and re- fill as required.
– CONTINUED – 11-19
Maintenance and service
coolant may damage the paint surface.
(cid:84) Changing the coolant
HSB026BB
1) Rubber gaskets 3. After refilling the reserve tank and the radiator, re- install the caps and check that the rubber gaskets in- side the radiator cap are in the proper position.
(cid:121) Be careful not to spill engine coolant when adding it. If coolant touches the exhaust pipe, it may cause a bad smell, smoke, and/or a fire. (cid:121) Do not splash the engine coolant over paint- ed parts. The alcohol contained in the engine
11-20
HSB027BB
1) Drain plug Always add genuine Subaru cooling system condition- er whenever the coolant is replaced. Change the engine coolant and add genuine Subaru cooling system conditioner using the following proce- dures according to the maintenance schedule. 1. Remove the under cover. 2. Place a proper container under the drain plug and loosen the drain plug.
3. Loosen the radiator cap to drain the coolant from the radiator. Then drain the coolant from the reserve tank. Tighten the drain plug securely. NOTE (Turbo model only) The cap (without tabs) on top of the radiator does not need to be removed. To add coolant, remove the cap (with tabs) on the coolant tank on top of the engine.
Never attempt to remove the radiator cap until the engine has been shut off and has cooled down completely. Since the coolant is under pressure, you may suffer serious burns from a spray of boiling hot coolant when the cap is re- moved.
Non-turbo models 1) Filler neck 2) Fill up to this level
4. Install the under cover.
Maintenance and service
UGB508BB
– CONTINUED – 11-21
Maintenance and service
Guideline of coolant quantity (including coolant in reservoir tank):
Non-turbo models:
MT. 7.4 US qt (7.0 liters, 6.2 Imp qt) AT. 7.3 US qt (6.9 liters, 6.1 Imp qt)
Turbo models:
MT. 8.1 US qt (7.7 liters, 6.8 Imp qt) AT. 8.0 US qt (7.6 liters, 6.7 Imp qt)
UGB140BB
Turbo models 1) Filler neck 2) Fill up to this level 5. Slowly pour the coolant and fill up to just below the filler neck, allowing enough room to add genuine Subaru cooling system conditioner in the radiator. Add genuine Subaru cooling system conditioner until the coolant level reaches the filler neck. Do not pour the coolant too quickly, as this may lead to insufficient air bleeding and trapped air in the system.
FULL
LOW
1) “FULL” level mark 2) “LOW” level mark
UGB134BB
11-22
(cid:121) Be careful not to spill engine coolant when adding it. If coolant touches the exhaust pipe, it may cause a bad smell, smoke, and/or a fire. (cid:121) Do not splash the engine coolant over paint- ed parts. The alcohol contained in the engine coolant may damage the paint surface.
6. Pour the coolant and fill to the reservoir tank’s “FULL” level mark.
1) Rubber gaskets
HSB026BB
Maintenance and service
7. Put the radiator cap back on and tighten firmly. At this time, make sure that the rubber gasket in the radi- ator cap is correctly in place. 8. Start and run the engine for more than five minutes at 2,000 to 3,000 rpm. 9. Stop the engine and wait until the coolant cools down (122 to 140°F [50 to 60°C]). If there is any loss of coolant, add coolant to the radiator’s filler neck and to the reserve tank’s “FULL” level. 10.Put the radiator cap and reservoir cap back on and tighten firmly.
– CONTINUED – 11-23
(cid:84) Non-turbo models
1. Unsnap the two clamps holding the air cleaner case cover.
UGB092BA
Maintenance and service
Air cleaner element The air cleaner element functions as a filter screen. When the element is perforated or removed, engine wear will be excessive and engine life shortened. The air cleaner element is a viscous type. It is unnec- essary to clean or wash the element.
Do not operate the engine with the air cleaner element removed. The air cleaner element not only filters intake air but also stops flames if the engine backfires. If the air cleaner element is not installed when the engine backfires, you could be burned.
(cid:132) Replacing the air cleaner element Replace the air cleaner element according to the maintenance schedule in the “Warranty and Mainte- nance Booklet”. Under extremely dusty conditions, re- place it more frequently. It is recommended that you always use genuine SUBARU parts.
11-24
2. Push the air cleaner case cover in the direction of the arrow shown in the drawing.
UGB104BA
Maintenance and service
UGB093BB
1) Air cleaner case cover 2) Air cleaner element 3. Open the air cleaner case cover and remove the air cleaner element. 4. Clean the inside of the air cleaner cover and case with a damp cloth and install a new air cleaner ele- ment.
– CONTINUED – 11-25
Maintenance and service
(cid:84) Turbo models
UGB094BA
5. To install the air cleaner case cover, insert the three projections on the air cleaner case into the slits on the air cleaner case cover and then snap the two clamps on the air cleaner case cover.
1. Unsnap the two clamps holding the air cleaner case cover.
USB521BA
11-26
Maintenance and service
UGB126BB
USB523BA
1) Air cleaner case cover 2) Air cleaner element 2. Open the air cleaner case cover and remove the air cleaner element. 3. Clean the inside of the air cleaner cover and case with a damp cloth and install a new air cleaner ele- ment.
4. To install the air cleaner case cover, insert the two projections on the air cleaner case cover into the slits on the air cleaner case and then snap the two clamps on the air cleaner case cover.
– CONTINUED – 11-27
bles. (cid:121) Make sure the cables are replaced in the cor- rect order.
(cid:132) Recommended spark plugs
2.5-liter non-turbo models:
FR5AP-11
2.0-liter turbo models:
PFR6G (NGK)
2.5-liter turbo models:
IFLR6B (NGK)
Maintenance and service
Spark plugs
HSB032BA
It may be difficult to replace the spark plugs. It is rec- ommended that you have the spark plugs replaced by your SUBARU dealer. The spark plugs should be replaced according to the maintenance schedule in the “Warranty and Mainte- nance Booklet”.
(cid:121) When disconnecting the spark plug cables, always grasp the spark plug cap, not the ca-
11-28
Drive belts
Maintenance and service
your SUBARU dealer.
in (mm)
Deflection
New belt
Used belt
0.28 – 0.35 (7.0 – 9.0)
0.35 – 0.43 (9.0 – 11.0)
0.30 – 0.33 (7.5 – 8.5)
0.35 – 0.40 (9.0 – 10.0)
HSB033BB
1) Power steering pump pulley 2) Air conditioner compressor pulley 3) Crank pulley The alternator, power steering pump, and air condi- tioner compressor depend on drive belts. Satisfactory performance requires that belt tension be correct. To check belt tension, place a straightedge (ruler) across two adjacent pulleys and apply a force of 22 lbs (98 N, 10 kg) midway between the pulleys by using a spring scale. Belt deflection should be the amount specified. If a belt is loose, cracked, or worn, contact
– CONTINUED – 11-29
Maintenance and service
Manual transmission oil (cid:132) Checking the oil level
5 speed transmission (Turbo model)
UGB132BA
5 speed transmission (Non-turbo model) 1) Yellow handle
UGB134CB
11-30
Maintenance and service
UGB548CA
USB526BB
6 speed transmission 1. Park the vehicle on a level surface and stop the en- gine. 2. Pull out the dipstick, wipe it clean, and insert it again.
1) Upper level 2) Lower level 3. Pull out the dipstick again and check the oil level on it. If it is below the lower level, add oil through the dip- stick hole to bring the level up to the upper level.
(cid:132) Recommended grade and viscosity Each oil manufacturer has its own base oils and addi- tives. Never use different brands together.
Oil grade:
API classification GL-5
– CONTINUED – 11-31
Maintenance and service
-30 -20 -10
10
20
30
40
-20
20
40
60
80
100
90
85W
80W
75W/90
SAE viscosity No. and applicable temperature
HSB036BA
Automatic transmission fluid (cid:132) Checking the fluid level The automatic transmission fluid expands largely as its temperature rises; the fluid level differs according to fluid temperature. Therefore, there are two different scales for checking the level of hot fluid and cold fluid on the dipstick. Though the fluid level can be checked without warm- ing up the fluid on the “COLD” range, we recommend checking the fluid level when the fluid is at operating temperature. (cid:84) Checking the fluid level when the fluid is hot 1. Drive the vehicle several miles to raise the temper- ature of the transmission fluid up to normal operating temperature; 158 to 176°F (70 to 80°C) is normal. 2. Park the vehicle on a level surface and set the park- ing brake. 3. First shift the selector lever in each position. Then shift it in the “P” position, and run the engine at idling speed.
11-32
Maintenance and service
Non-turbo model 1) Yellow handle
Turbo model 1) Yellow handle
UGB134DB
UGB121BB
– CONTINUED – 11-33
fluid up to the upper level. Be careful not to overfill.
(cid:132) Recommended fluid
“Dexron III” Type Automatic Transmission Fluid
Maintenance and service
HGB061BB
A) HOT range B) COLD range 1) Upper level 2) Lower level 4. Pull out the dipstick and check the fluid level on the gauge. If it is below the lower level on the “HOT” range, add the recommended automatic transmission fluid up to the upper level. (cid:84) Checking the fluid level when the fluid is cold When the fluid level has to be checked without time to warm up the automatic transmission, check to see that the fluid level is between the lower level and upper lev- el on the “COLD” range. If it is below that range, add
11-34
Front differential gear oil (AT vehi- cles) (cid:132) Checking the oil level
UGB134EB
1) Yellow handle 1. Park the vehicle on a level surface and stop the en- gine. 2. Pull out the dipstick, wipe it clean, and insert it again.
Maintenance and service
HSB040BB
1) Upper level 2) Lower level 3. Pull out the dipstick again and check the oil level on it. If it is below the lower level, add oil to bring the level up to the upper level.
(cid:132) Recommended grade and viscosity Each oil manufacturer has its own base oils and addi- tives. Never use different brands together.
Oil grade:
API classification GL-5
– CONTINUED – 11-35
Maintenance and service
-30 -20 -10
10
20
30
40
-20
20
40
60
80
100
90
85W
80W
75W/90
SAE viscosity No. and applicable temperature
HSB036BA
Rear differential gear oil (cid:132) Checking the gear oil level Your vehicle may be equipped with a rear differential protector. The differential protector provides protec- tion to the rear differential assembly during off-road use. Removal of the rear differential protector is not re- quired when checking the oil level.
HSB042BB
1) Filler plug 2) Drain plug
11-36
3
HSB043BB
1) Filler hole 2) Drain hole 3) Oil level Remove the plug from the filler hole and check the oil level. The oil level should be kept even with the bottom of the filler hole. If the oil level is below the bottom edge of the hole, add oil through the filler hole to raise the level.
If the vehicle requires frequent refilling, there may be an oil leak. If you suspect a problem, have the vehicle checked at your SUBARU deal-
Maintenance and service
er.
(cid:132) Recommended grade and viscosity Each oil manufacturer has its own base oils and addi- tives. Never use different brands together.
Oil grade:
API classification GL-5
-30 -20 -10
10
20
30
40
-20
20
40
60
80
100
90
85W
80W
75W/90
SAE viscosity No. and applicable temperature Except Sti version
HSB036BA
– CONTINUED – 11-37
Power steering fluid (cid:132) Checking the fluid level
Maintenance and service
-30 -20 -10
10
20
30
40
-20
20
40
60
80
100
90
SAE viscosity No. and applicable temperature Sti version
UGB087AA
UGB097BB
1) Reservoir tank The power steering fluid expands greatly as its tem- perature rises; the fluid level differs according to fluid temperature. Therefore, the reservoir tank has two dif- ferent checking ranges for hot and cold fluids. Check the power steering fluid level monthly. 1. Park the vehicle on a level surface, and stop the en- gine.
11-38
1
HSB045BB
1) Specified range 2. Check the fluid level of the reservoir tank. When the fluid is hot after the vehicle has been run: Check that the oil level is between “HOT MIN” and “HOT MAX” on the surface of the reservoir tank. When the fluid is cool before the vehicle is run: Check that the oil level is between “COLD MIN” and “COLD MAX” on the surface of the reservoir tank. 3. If the fluid level is lower than the applicable “MIN” line, add the recommended fluid as necessary to bring the level between the “MIN” and “MAX” line. If the fluid level is extreme low, it may indicate possible leakage. Consult your SUBARU dealer for an inspec-
Maintenance and service
tion.
Be careful not to burn yourself because the flu- id may be hot.
(cid:121) When power steering fluid is being added, use only clean fluid, and be careful not to allow any dirt into the tank. And never use different brands together. (cid:121) Avoid spilling fluid when adding it in the tank.
(cid:132) Recommended fluid
“Dexron III” Type Automatic Transmission Fluid
– CONTINUED – 11-39
Maintenance and service
Brake fluid (cid:132) Checking the fluid level
MAXMAX
MINMIN
UGB134FB
1) “MAX” level mark 2) “MIN” level mark Check the fluid level monthly. Check the fluid level on the outside of the reservoir. If the level is below “MIN”, add the recommended brake fluid to “MAX”. Use only brake fluid from a sealed container.
11-40
(cid:121) Brake fluid absorbs moisture from the air. Any absorbed moisture can cause a dangerous loss of braking performance. (cid:121) If the vehicle requires frequent refilling, there may be a leak. If you suspect a problem, have the vehicle checked at your SUBARU dealer.
(cid:121) Never use different brands of brake fluid to- gether. (cid:121) When adding brake fluid, be careful not to al- low any dirt into the reservoir. (cid:121) Never splash the brake fluid over painted sur- faces or rubber parts. Alcohol contained in the brake fluid may damage them.
(cid:132) Recommended brake fluid
FMVSS No. 116, fresh DOT 3 brake fluid
Clutch fluid (MT vehicles) (cid:132) Checking the fluid level
MAX
M I N
Maintenance and service
MAX
M I N
1) “MAX” level mark 2) “MIN” level mark
UGB134GB
UGB132CB
1) “MAX” level mark 2) “MIN” level mark Check the fluid level on the outside of the reservoir. If the level is below “MIN” level mark, add the recom- mended clutch fluid to “MAX” level mark. Use only clutch fluid from a sealed container.
(cid:121) Clutch fluid absorbs moisture from the air. Any absorbed moisture can cause improper clutch operation. (cid:121) If the vehicle requires frequent refilling, there may be a leak. If you suspect a problem, have – CONTINUED – 11-41
Maintenance and service
the vehicle checked at your SUBARU dealer. (cid:121) Never use different brands of clutch fluid to- gether. (cid:121) When clutch fluid is added, be careful not to allow any dirt into the tank.
(cid:132) Recommended clutch fluid
FMVSS No. 116, fresh DOT 3 brake fluid
Brake booster If the brake booster does not operate as described be- low, have it checked by your SUBARU dealer. 1. With the engine off, depress the brake pedal sever- al times, applying the same pedal force each time. The distance the pedal travels should not vary. 2. With the brake pedal depressed, start the engine. The pedal should move slightly down to the floor. 3. With the brake pedal depressed, stop the engine and keep the pedal depressed for 30 seconds. The pedal height should not change. 4. Start the engine again and run for about one minute then turn it off. Depress the brake pedal several times to check the brake booster. Brake booster operates properly if the pedal stroke decreases with each de- pression.
11-42
Brake pedal Check the brake pedal free play and reserve distance according to the maintenance schedule in the “War- ranty and Maintenance Booklet”.
(cid:132) Checking the brake pedal free play
Maintenance and service
tact your SUBARU dealer.
(cid:132) Checking the brake pedal reserve dis-
tance
HSB049BB
1) 0.04 – 0.12 in (1.0 – 3.0 mm) Stop the engine and firmly depress the brake pedal several times. Lightly press the brake pedal down with one finger to check the free play with a force of less than 2 lbs (10 N, 1 kg). If the free play is not within proper specification, con-
HSB050BB
1) More than 2.56 in (65 mm) Depress the pedal with a force of approximately 66 lbs (294 N, 30 kg) and measure the distance between the upper surface of the pedal pad and the floor. When the measurement is smaller than the specifica- tion, or when the pedal does not operate smoothly, contact with your SUBARU dealer.
– CONTINUED – 11-43
Maintenance and service
Clutch pedal (MT vehicles) Check the clutch pedal free play and reserve distance according to the maintenance schedule in the “War- ranty and Maintenance Booklet”.
(cid:132) Checking the clutch function Check the clutch engagement and disengagement. 1. With the engine idling, check that there are no ab- normal noises when the clutch pedal is depressed, and that shifting into 1st or reverse feels smooth. 2. Start the vehicle by releasing the pedal slowly to check that the engine and transmission smoothly cou- ple without any sign of slippage.
(cid:132) Checking the clutch pedal free play
HSB049BB
1) 0.16 – 0.51 in (4.0 –13.0 mm) Lightly press the clutch pedal down with your finger until you feel resistance, and check the free play. If the free play is not within proper specification, con- tact your SUBARU dealer.
11-44
Replacement of brake pad and lining
Maintenance and service
If you continue to drive despite the scraping noise from the audible brake pad wear indica- tor, it will result in the need for costly brake ro- tor repair or replacement.
HS7012BA
The right front disc brake and the right rear disc brake have an audible wear indicators on the brake pads. If the brake pads wear close to their service limit, the wear indicator makes a very audible scraping noise when the brake pedal is applied. If you hear this scraping noise each time you apply the brake pedal, have the brake pads serviced by your SUBARU dealer as soon as possible.
(cid:132) Breaking-in of new brake pads and lin-
ings
When replacing the brake pad or lining, use only gen- uine SUBARU parts. After replacement, the new parts must be broken in as follows: (cid:84) Brake pad and lining While maintaining a speed of 30 to 40 mph (50 to 65
km/h), step on the brake pedal lightly. Repeat this five or more times. (cid:84) Parking brake lining 1. Drive the vehicle at a speed of about 22 mph (35
km/h). 2. With the parking brake release button pushed in, pull the parking brake lever SLOWLY and GENTLY. (Pulling with a force of approximately 33 lbs [147 N, 15
kg].) 3. Drive the vehicle for about 220 yards (200 meters) – CONTINUED – 11-45Maintenance and service
in this condition. 4. Wait 5 to 10 minutes for the parking brake to cool down. Repeat this procedure. 5. Check the parking brake stroke. If the parking brake stroke is out of the specified range, adjust it by turning the adjusting nut located on the parking brake lever.
Parking brake stroke:
7 – 8 notches / 44 lbs (196 N, 20 kg)
A safe location and situation should be select- ed for break-in driving.
Pulling the parking brake lever too forcefully may cause the rear wheels to lock. To avoid this, be certain to pull the lever up slowly and gently.
11-46
Parking brake stroke
UG7509CA
Check the parking brake stroke according to the main- tenance schedule in the “Warranty and Maintenance Booklet”. When the parking brake is properly adjusted, braking power is fully applied by pulling the lever up seven to eight notches gently but firmly (about 44 lbs [196 N, 20 kg]). If the parking brake lever stroke is not within the specified range, have the brake system checked and adjusted at your SUBARU dealer.
Tires and wheels (cid:132) Types of tires You should be familiar with type of tires present on your vehicle. The factory-fitted 17-inch tires on the WRX-STi are summer tires. The factory-fitted tires on other versions are all-season tires. The 17-inch tires that can be deal- er-fitted on the WRX as an option are summer tires. (cid:84) All season tires All season tires are designed to provide an adequate measure of traction, handling and braking perfor- mance in year-round driving including snowy and icy road conditions. However all season tires do not offer as much traction performance as winter (snow) tires in heavy or loose snow or on icy roads. All season tires are identified by “ALL SEASON” and/ or “M+S” (Mud & Snow) on the tire sidewall. (cid:84) Summer tires Summer tires are high-speed capability tires best suit- ed for highway driving under dry conditions. Summer tires are inadequate for driving on slippery roads such as on snow-covered or icy roads. If you drive your vehicle on snow-covered or icy roads, we strongly recommend the use of winter (snow) tires.
Maintenance and service
When installing winter tires, be sure to replace all four tires. (cid:84) Winter (snow) tires Winter tires are best suited for driving on snow-cov- ered and icy roads. However winter tires do not per- form as well as summer tires and all season tires on roads other than snow-covered and icy roads.
(cid:132) Tire inspection Check on a daily basis that the tires are free from se- rious damage, nails, and stones. At the same time, check the tires for abnormal wear. Contact your SUBARU dealer immediately if you find any problem. NOTE (cid:121) When the wheels and tires strike curbs or are subjected to harsh treatment as when the vehicle is driven on a rough surface, they can suffer dam- age that cannot be seen with the naked eye. This type of damage does not become evident until time has passed. Try not to drive over curbs, pot- holes or on other rough surfaces. If doing so is un- avoidable, keep the vehicle’s speed down to a walking pace or less, and approach the curbs as squarely as possible. Also, make sure the tires are
– CONTINUED – 11-47
Maintenance and service
not pressed against the curb when you park the vehicle. (cid:121) If you feel unusual vibration while driving or find it difficult to steer the vehicle in a straight line, one of the tires and/or wheels may be damaged. Drive slowly to the nearest authorized SUBARU dealer and have the vehicle inspected.
(cid:132) Tire pressures and wear Maintaining the correct tire pressures helps to maxi- mize the tires’ service lives and is essential for good running performance. Check and, if necessary, adjust the pressure of each tire (including the spare) at least once a month (for example, during a fuel stop) and be- fore any long journey.
11-48
UGB510BA
Check the tire pressures when the tires are cold. Use a pressure gauge to adjust the tire pressures to the values shown on the tire placard. The tire placard is lo- cated on the door pillar on the driver’s side. Driving even a short distance warms up the tires and increases the tire pressures. Also, the tire pressures are affected by the outside temperature. It is best to check tire pressure outdoors before driving the vehi- cle. When a tire becomes warm, the air inside it expands, causing the tire pressure to increase. Be careful not to mistakenly release air from a warm tire to reduce its pressure.
NOTE (cid:121) The air pressure in a tire increases by approxi- mately 4.3 psi (30 kPa, 0.3 kgf/cm2) when the tire becomes warm. (cid:121) The tires are considered cold when the vehicle has been parked for at least three hours or has been driven less than one mile (1.6 km).
Do not let air out of warm tires to adjust pres- sure. Doing so will result in low tire pressure.
Incorrect tire pressures detract from controllability and ride comfort, and they cause the tires to wear abnor- mally.
Maintenance and service
(cid:121) Correct tire pressure (tread worn evenly)
Roadholding is good, and steering is responsive. Roll- ing resistance is low, so fuel consumption is also low- er.
HSB052AA
– CONTINUED – 11-49
Maintenance and service
(cid:121) Abnormally low tire pressure (tread worn at shoulders)
(cid:121) Abnormally high tire pressure (tread worn in cen- ter)
HSB053AA
HSB054AA
Rolling resistance is high, so fuel consumption is also higher.
Ride comfort is poor. Also, the tire magnifies the ef- fects of road-surface bumps and dips, possibly result- ing in vehicle damage. If the tire placard shows tire pressures for the vehicle when fully loaded and for the vehicle when towing a trailer, adjust the tire pressures to the values that match current loading conditions.
Driving at high speeds with excessively low tire pressures can cause the tires to deform severe-
11-50
ly and to rapidly become hot. A sharp increase in temperature could cause tread separation, and destruction of the tires. The resulting loss of vehicle control could lead to an accident.
mance.
(cid:132) Wear indicators
Maintenance and service
(cid:132) Wheel balance Each wheel was correctly balanced when your vehicle was new, but the wheels will become unbalanced as the tires become worn during use. Wheel imbalance causes the steering wheel to vibrate slightly at certain vehicle speeds and detracts from the vehicle’s straight-line stability. It can also cause steering and suspension system problems and abnormal tire wear. If you suspect that the wheels are not correctly bal- anced, have them checked and adjusted by your SUBARU dealer. Also have them adjusted after tire re- pairs and after tire rotation. NOTE Loss of correct wheel alignment* causes the tires to wear on one side and reduces the vehicle’s run- ning stability. Contact your SUBARU dealer if you notice abnormal tire wear. *: The suspension system is designed to hold each wheel at a certain alignment (relative to the other wheels and to the road) for optimum straight-line stability and cornering perfor-
HSB055BB
A) New tread B) Worn tread 1) Tread wear indicator Each tire incorporates a tread wear indicator, which becomes visible when the depth of the tread grooves decreases to 0.063 in (1.6 mm). A tire must be re- placed when the tread wear indicator appears as a solid band across the tread.
– CONTINUED – 11-51
Maintenance and service
When a tire’s tread wear indicator becomes vis- ible, the tire is worn beyond the acceptable limit and must be replaced immediately. With a tire in this condition, driving at high speeds in wet weather can cause the vehicle to hydroplane. The resulting loss of vehicle control can lead to an accident.
NOTE For safety, inspect tire tread regularly and replace the tires before their tread wear indicators become visible.
11-52
(cid:132) Tire rotation
HSB056BA
Tire wear varies from wheel to wheel. To maximize the life of each tire and ensure that the tires wear uniform- ly, it is best to rotate the tires every 7,500 miles (12,500 km). Rotating the tires involves switching the front and rear tires on the right hand side of the vehicle and similarly switching the front and rear tires on the left hand side of the vehicle. (Each tire must be kept on its original side of the vehicle.) Replace any damaged or unevenly worn tire at the time of rotation. After tire rotation, adjust the tire pres- sures and make sure the wheel nuts are correctly tightened.
After driving approximately 600 miles (1,000 km), check the wheel nuts again and retighten any nut that has become loose.
(cid:132) Tire replacement The wheels and tires are important and integral parts of your vehicle’s design; they cannot be changed arbi- trarily. The tires fitted as standard equipment are opti- mally matched to the characteristics of the vehicle and were selected to give the best possible combination of running performance, ride comfort, and service life. It is essential for every tire to have a size and construc- tion matching those shown on the tire placard and to have a speed symbol and load index matching those shown on the tire placard. Using tires of a non-specified size detracts from con- trollability, ride comfort, braking performance, speed- ometer accuracy and odometer accuracy. It also cre- ates incorrect body-to-tire clearances and inappropri- ately changes the vehicle’s ground clearance. All four tires must be the same in terms of manufactur- er, brand (tread pattern), construction, and size. You are advised to replace the tires with new ones that are identical to those fitted as standard equipment. For safe vehicle operation, SUBARU recommends re-
Maintenance and service
placing all four tires at the same time.
(cid:121) All four tires must be the same in terms of manufacturer, brand (tread pattern), construc- tion, degree of wear, speed symbol, load index and size. Mixing tires of different types, sizes or degrees of wear can result in damage to vehi- cle’s power train. Use of different types or sizes of tires can also dangerously reduce controlla- bility and braking performance and can lead to an accident. (cid:121) Use only radial tires. Do not use radial tires together with belted bias tires and/or bias-ply tires. Doing so can dangerously reduce control- lability, resulting in an accident.
(cid:132) Wheel replacement When replacing wheels due, for example, to damage, make sure the replacement wheels match the specifi- cations of the wheels that are fitted as standard equip- ment. Replacement wheels are available from SUBARU dealers.
– CONTINUED – 11-53
Maintenance and service
Use only those wheels that are specified for your vehicle. Wheels not meeting specifica- tions could interfere with brake caliper opera- tion and may cause the tires to rub against the wheel well housing during turns. The resulting loss of vehicle control could lead to an acci- dent.
NOTE When any of the wheels is removed and replaced for tire rotation or to change a flat tire, always check the tightness of the wheel nuts after driving approximately 600 miles (1,000 km). If any nut is loose, tighten it to the specified torque.
Aluminum wheels Aluminum wheels can be scratched and damaged easily. Handle them carefully to maintain their appear- ance, performance, and safety. (cid:121) When any of the wheels is removed and replaced for tire rotation or to change a flat, always check the tightness of the wheel nuts after driving approximately 600 miles (1,000 km). If any nut is loose, tighten it to the specified torque. (cid:121) Never apply oil to the threaded parts, wheel nuts, or tapered surface of the wheel. (cid:121) Never let the wheel rub against sharp protrusions or curbs. (cid:121) Be sure to fit tire chains on uniformly and completely around the tire, otherwise the chains may scratch the wheel. (cid:121) When wheel nuts, balance weights, or the center cap is replaced, be sure to replace them with genuine SUBARU parts designed for aluminum wheels.
11-54
Intercooler water spray (WRX-STi)
Maintenance and service
UGB079BA
Add water to the intercooler water spray tank when the intercooler water spray warning light in the combina- tion meter comes on. The warning light comes on when the water in the tank has decreased to approxi- mately 0.4 liters (0.4 US qt, 0.4 Imp qt).
UGB514BA
The tank is located on the right hand side of the trunk. NOTE (cid:121) Use only pure water for refilling. (cid:121) In cold weather (when you do not use the inter- cooler water spray), keep the tank half-empty in case the water freezes. A larger amount of water could break the tank if it froze.
– CONTINUED – 11-55
Washer Fluid Concentration
Freezing Temperature
30% 50% 100%
10.4°F (–12°C) –4°F (–20°C) –49°F (–45°C)
Never use engine coolant as washer fluid be- cause it could cause paint damage.
Maintenance and service
Windshield washer fluid
UGB134HA
Check the level of the washer fluid at each fuel stop. If the level is low, fill the fluid up to the neck of the reser- voir. Use windshield washer fluid. If windshield washer fluid is unavailable use clean water. In areas where water freezes in winter, use an anti- freeze type windshield washer fluid. SUBARU Wind- shield Washer Fluid contains 58.5% methyl alcohol and 41.5% surfactant, by volume. Its freezing temper- ature varies according to how much it is diluted, as in- dicated in the following table.
11-56
Replacement of wiper blades Grease, wax, insects, or other material on the wind- shield or the wiper blade results in jerky wiper opera- tion and streaking on the glass. If you cannot remove the streaks after operating the windshield washer or if the wiper operation is jerky, clean the outer surface of the windshield (or rear window) and the wiper blades using a sponge or soft cloth with a neutral detergent or mild-abrasive cleaner. After cleaning, rinse the wind- shield and wiper blades with clean water. The wind- shield is clean if beads do not form when you rinse the windshield with water.
Do not clean the wiper blades with gasoline or a solvent, such as paint thinner or benzene. This will cause deterioration of the wiper blades.
If you cannot eliminate the streaking even after follow- ing this method, replace the wiper blades using the fol- lowing procedures:
Maintenance and service
(cid:132) Windshield wiper blades assembly 1. Raise the wiper arm off the windshield.
UGB133BB
1) Stopper 2. Remove the wiper blade assembly by holding its pivot area and pushing it in the direction shown by the arrow while depressing the wiper blade stopper. 3. Install the wiper blade assembly to the wiper arm. Make sure that it locks in place. 4. Hold the wiper arm by hand and slowly lower it in position.
– CONTINUED – 11-57
Maintenance and service
(cid:132) Windshield wiper blade rubber
HSB059BB
1) Metal support 1. Grasp the locked end of the blade rubber assembly and pull it firmly until the stoppers on the rubber are free of the metal support.
HSB060BB
1) Metal spines 2. If the new blade rubber is not provided with two metal spines, remove the metal spines from the old blade rubber and install them in the new blade rubber.
11-58
3. Align the claws of the metal support with the grooves in the rubber and slide the blade rubber as- sembly into the metal support until it locks.
HSB061BA
Maintenance and service
HSB062BB
1) Stopper 2) 4. Be sure to position the claws at the end of the metal support between the stoppers on the rubber as shown. If the rubber is not retained properly, the wiper blade may scratch the windshield.
(cid:132) Rear window wiper blade assembly 1. Raise the wiper arm off the rear window.
– CONTINUED – 11-59
Maintenance and service
3. Pull the wiper blade assembly toward you to re- move it from the wiper arm.
(cid:132) Rear window wiper blade rubber
2. Turn the wiper blade assembly counterclockwise.
UBB554BA
1. Pull out the end of the blade rubber assembly to un- lock it from the plastic support.
UBB523BA
UBB555BA
11-60
Maintenance and service
USB586BA
USB583BC
2. Pull the blade rubber assembly out of the plastic support.
A) Metal spines 3. If the new blade rubber is not provided with two metal spines, remove the metal spines from the old blade rubber and install them in the new blade rubber.
– CONTINUED – 11-61
Maintenance and service
USB586CA
USB584BA
4. Align the claws of the plastic support with the grooves in the blade rubber assembly, then slide the blade rubber assembly into place.
Securely retain both ends of the rubber with the stop- pers on the plastic support ends. If the rubber is not re- tained properly, the wiper may scratch the rear win- dow glass. 5. Install the wiper blade assembly to the wiper arm. Make sure that it locks in place. 6. Hold the wiper arm by hand and slowly lower it in position.
11-62
Battery
(cid:121) Before beginning work on or near any bat- tery, be sure to extinguish all cigarettes, match- es, and lighters. Never expose a battery to an open flame or electric sparks. Batteries give off a gas which is highly flammable and explosive. (cid:121) For safety, in case an explosion does occur, wear eye protection or shield your eyes when working near any battery. Never lean over a bat- tery. (cid:121) Do not let battery fluid contact eyes, skin, fabrics, or paint because battery fluid is a cor- rosive acid. If battery fluid gets on your skin or in your eyes, immediately flush the area with water thoroughly. Seek medical help immedi- ately if acid has entered the eyes. If battery fluid is accidentally swallowed, imme- diately drink a large amount of milk or water, and seek medical attention immediately. (cid:121) To lessen the risk of sparks, remove rings, metal watchbands, and other metal jewelry. Never allow metal tools to contact the positive battery terminal and anything connected to it WHILE you are at the same time in contact with
Maintenance and service
any other metallic portion of the vehicle be- cause a short circuit will result. (cid:121) Keep everyone including children away from the battery. (cid:121) Charge the battery in a well-ventilated area. (cid:121) Battery posts, terminals and related accesso- ries contain lead and lead compounds, chemi- cals known to the State of California to cause cancer and reproductive harm. Batteries also contain other chemicals known to the State of California to cause cancer. Wash hands after handling.
– CONTINUED – 11-63
Maintenance and service
L O L O
U P P E R L E V E L W E R L E V E L W E R L E V E L
life.
UGB117BB
1) Cap 2) Upper level 3) Lower level It is unnecessary to periodically check the battery fluid level or periodically refill with distilled water. However, if the battery fluid level is below the lower level, remove the cap. Fill to the upper level with dis- tilled water.
Never use more than 10 amperes when charg- ing the battery because it will shorten battery
11-64
Fuses
Never replace a fuse with one having a higher rating or with material other than a fuse be- cause serious damage or a fire could result.
The fuses are designed to melt during an overload to prevent damage to the wiring harness and electrical equipment. The fuses are located in two fuse boxes.
Maintenance and service
To remove the coin tray, open the cover and pull the coin tray out.
UGB550BA
One is located under the instrument panel behind the coin tray on the driver’s seat side.
UGB088BA
– CONTINUED – 11-65
Maintenance and service
HSB065BA
HSB066BB
The other one is housed in the engine compartment.
1) Fuse puller 2) Spare fuse The fuse puller and spare fuses are stored in the main fuse box cover in the engine compartment.
11-66
A
Maintenance and service
HSB067BB
HSB068BB
A) Good B) Blown If any lights, accessories or other electrical controls do not operate, inspect the corresponding fuse. If a fuse has blown, replace it. 1. Turn the ignition switch to the “LOCK” position and turn off all electrical accessories. 2. Remove the cover. 3. Determine which fuse may be blown. The back side of each fuse box cover and the “Fuses and circuits” section in chapter 12 in this manual show the circuit for
