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not eligible for warranty coverage.
Winter driving
HB8046AA
B Operation during cold weather Carry some emergency equipment, such as tire chains, a window scraper, a bag of sand, flares, a small shovel, and jumper cables. Check the battery and cables. Cold temperatures reduce battery ca- pacity. The battery must be in good condition to provide enough pow- er for cold winter starts. Use an engine oil of proper grade and viscosity for cold weather. Heavy summer oil will cause harder starting. Keep the door locks from freezing by squirting them with deicer or glycerin.
Forcing a frozen door open may damage or separate the rubber weather strips around the door. If the door is frozen, use hot water to melt the ice, and afterwards thoroughly wipe the water away.
Use a windshield washer fluid that contains an antifreeze solution. Do not use engine antifreeze or other substitutes because they may dam- age the paint of the vehicle.
n Before driving your vehicle Before entering the vehicle, remove any snow or ice from your shoes
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Driving tips
because that could make the pedals slippery and dangerous.
While warming up the vehicle before driving, check that the accelera- tor pedal, brake pedal, and all other controls operate smoothly.
Clear away ice and snow that has accumulated under the fenders to avoid making steering difficult. During severe winter driving, stop when and where it is safe to do so and check under the fenders peri- odically.
n Parking in cold weather
WARNING
Snow can trap dangerous exhaust gases under your vehicle. Keep snow clear of the exhaust pipe and from around your vehicle if you park the vehicle in snow with the engine running.
Do not use the parking brake when parking for long periods in cold weather since it could freeze in that position. Instead, observe the fol- lowing: 1. Place the shift lever in “1” or “R” for manual transmission vehicles, and in “P” for automatic transmission vehicles. 2. Use tire stops under the tires to prevent the vehicle from moving.
When the vehicle is parked in snow or when it snows, raise the wiper blades off the glass to prevent damage to them. When the vehicle has been left parked after use on roads heavily cov- ered with snow, or has been left parked during a snowstorm, icing may develop on the brake system, which could cause poor braking action. Check for snow or ice buildup on the suspension, disc brakes and brake hoses underneath the vehicle. If there is caked snow or ice, remove it, being careful not to damage the disc brakes and brake hoses and ABS harness. n Refueling in cold weather To help prevent moisture from forming in the fuel system and the risk of its freezing, use of an antifreeze additive in the fuel tank is recom- mended during cold weather.
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Use only additives that are specifically designed for this purpose. When an antifreeze additive is used, its effect lasts longer if the tank is refilled whenever the fuel level reaches half empty. If your SUBARU is not going to be used for an extended period, it is best to have the fuel tank filled to capacity. B Driving on snowy and icy roads
WARNING
Do not use the cruise control on slippery roads such as snowy or icy roads. This may cause loss of vehicle control.
To prevent skidding and slipping, avoid sudden braking, abrupt ac- celeration, high-speed driving, and sharp turning when driving on snowy or icy roads. Always maintain ample distance between your vehicle and the vehicle ahead of you to avoid the need for sudden braking. To supplement the foot brake, use the engine brake effectively to con- trol the vehicle speed. (Shift into a lower gear when necessary.) Avoid shifting down abruptly. Such behavior can cause the wheels to lock, possibly leading to loss of vehicle control. An anti-lock brake system (ABS) enhances your vehicle’s braking per- formance on snowy and icy roads. Refer to the “ABS (Anti-Lock Brake System)” section in Chapter 7 for information on braking on slippery surfaces.
n Wiper operation when snowing Before driving in cold weather, make sure the wiper blades are not frozen to the windshield or rear window. If the wiper blades are frozen to the windshield or rear window, use the defroster with the airflow control dial in the “ ” position and the temperature control dial set for maximum warmth until the wiper blades are completely thawed out. If your vehicle is equipped with a wiper deicer, it is helpful to thaw the windshield wiper blades.
When driving in snow, if frozen snow starts to stick on the surface of the windshield despite wiper operation, use the defroster with the air-
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flow control dial in “ ” and the temperature control dial set for max- imum warmth. After the windshield gets warmed enough to melt the frozen snow on it, wash it away using the windshield washer.
Snow stuck on the wiper arm prevents the wiper from working effec- tively. If snow is stuck on the wiper arm, pull off the road to a safe place, then remove it. If you stop the car at road side, use the hazard warning flasher to alert other drivers.
We recommend use of non-freezing type wiper blades (winter blades) during the seasons you could have snow and sub-zero temperatures. Blades of this type give superior wiping performance in snowy condi- tions. Be sure to use blades that are suitable for your vehicle.
B Corrosion protection Refer to the “Corrosion protection” section (Chapter 10).
J Snow tires
WARNING
D When replacing original tires with winter (snow) tires, make sure you use only the same size and construction as recom- mended. Using other sizes or construction may affect speedome- ter/odometer calibration and clearance between the body and tires. It also may be dangerous and lead to loss of vehicle con- trol. D You must install four winter tires that are of the same size, cir- cumferences, construction, brand, and load range. Mixing other sizes, circumferences or constructions may result in severe me- chanical damage to the drive train of your vehicle and may affect ride, handling, braking and speedometer/odometer calibration. It also may be dangerous and lead to loss of vehicle control. D Do not use a combination of radial, belted bias or bias tires since it may cause dangerous handling characteristics and lead to an accident.
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Your vehicle is equipped with “all season tires” which are designed to provide an adequate measure of traction, handling and braking perfor- mance in year-round driving. In winter, it may be possible to enhance performance through use of tires designed specifically for winter driving conditions. If you choose to install winter tires on your vehicle, be sure to use the correct tire size and type. You must install four winter tires that are of the same size, construction, brand and load range and you should never mix radial, belted bias or bias tires since this may result in dangerous handling characteristics. When you choose a tire, make sure that there is enough clearance between the tire and vehicle body.
Remember to drive with care at all times regardless of the type of tires on your vehicle.
Your vehicle comes with P225/60R16 “all season tires” as original equipment. You should be aware that some winter tires with that same size designation may actually be too large for the vehicle and may cause rubbing on sharp turns. Listed below is the winter tire size that we recommend.
Recommended winter (snow) tire size
P215/60R16 Studless
J Tire chains
CAUTION
Tire chains cannot be used on tires listed below because of lack of clearance between the tires and vehicle body. D P225/60R16 tires D P215/60R16 winter (snow) tires
Driving on snowy grades or icy roads may require the use of tire chains, in which case put the chains on the front wheels only. Use only SAE class S type chains that are of the correct size for your tires so as not to damage the vehicle body or suspension.
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Driving tips
When driving with tire chains, drive at speeds below 19 mph (30 km/h). When a temporary spare tire is on a front wheel, replace the temporary spare tire with the rear tire on the same side of the vehicle, and then fit chains on the front tires. Always use the utmost care when driving with tire chains – overconfi- dence because you are driving with tire chains could easily lead to a se- rious accident.
J Rocking the vehicle If you must rock the vehicle to free it from snow, sand, or mud, depress the accelerator pedal slightly and move the selector lever back and forth be- tween “D” and “R” repeatedly. Do not race the engine. For the best possible traction, avoid spinning the wheels when trying to free the vehicle.
When the road surface is extremely slippery, you can obtain better trac- tion by starting the vehicle with the transmission in 2nd than 1st (both for MT and AT).
Refer to the “Automatic transmission” section in Chapter 7 for information on holding the transmission in 2nd position.
Loading your vehicle
WARNING
D Never allow passengers to ride on the folded rear seatback or in the cargo bed. Doing so may result in serious injury. D Never stack luggage or other cargo higher than the top of the seatback because it could tumble forward and injure passengers in the event of a sudden stop or accident. Keep luggage or cargo low, as close to the floor as possible. D When you carry something inside the vehicle, secure it when- ever you can to prevent it from being thrown around inside the vehicle during sudden stops, sharp turns or in an accident. D Do not pile heavy loads on the roof. These loads raise the vehicle’s center of gravity and make it more prone to tip over.
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D Secure lengthy items properly to prevent them from shooting forward and causing serious injury during a sudden stop. D Never exceed the maximum load limit. If you do, some parts on your vehicle can break, or it can change the way your vehicle handles. This could result in loss of control and cause personal injury. Also, overloading can shorten the life of your vehicle. D Cargo should be evenly distributed over the cargo bed. Keep heavier items as low and far forward as possible. Loading the vehicle improperly can deteriorate handling capability and con- tribute to loss of vehicle control. D Be sure the cargo is secured properly. Unsecured cargo in the cargo bed can be thrown around during sudden braking, in a sharp turn or during rapid acceleration, which could create a dan- gerous road hazard.
CAUTION
Do not carry spray cans, containers with flammable or corrosive liquids or any other dangerous items inside the passenger compartment.
NOTE For better fuel economy, do not carry unneeded cargo.
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J Vehicle capacity weight
Driving tips
HB8031BA
HB8042BA
The load capacity of your vehicle is determined by weight, not by avail- able cargo space. The total weight you can carry in your vehicle is shown as the Vehicle Capacity Weight on the tire information label at- tached to the driver’s side door jamb. It includes the total weight of driver and all passengers and their belongings, any optional equipment such as a trailer hitch, roof rack or bike carrier, etc., and the tongue load of a trailer.
The tire information label also shows tire pressures for the vehicle when fully loaded and for the vehicle when towing a trailer. Adjust the tire pres- sures to the values that match current loading conditions.
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J GVWR and GAWR (Gross Vehicle Weight Rating and
Gross Axle Weight Rating)
HB8043BA
The certification label attached to the driver’s side door shows GVWR (Gross Vehicle Weight Rating) and GAWR (Gross Axle Weight Rating). The GVW (Gross Vehicle Weight) must never exceed the GVWR. GVW is the combined total of weight of the vehicle, fuel, driver, all passengers, luggage, any optional equipment and trailer tongue load. Therefore, the GVW changes depending on the situation. In addition, the total weight applied to each axle (GAW) must never ex- ceed the GAWR. The front and rear GAWs can be adjusted by relocating luggage inside the vehicle. Even if the total weight of your luggage is lower than the vehicle capacity weight, either front or rear GAW may exceed the GAWR, depending on the distribution of the luggage. If you carry heavy loads in the vehicle, you should confirm that GVW and front and rear GAWs are within the GVWR and GAWR by putting your vehicle on a vehicle scale, found at a commercial weighing station. Do not use replacement tires with a lower load range than the originals because they may lower the GVWR and GAWR limitations. Replacement tires with a higher load range than the originals do not increase the GVWR and GAWR limitations.
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Driving tips
Trailer hitch (if equipped)
WARNING
D Never exceed the maximum weight specified for the trailer hitch. Exceeding the maximum weight could cause an accident resulting in serious personal injuries. Permissible trailer weight changes depending on the situation. Refer to the next section “Trailer towing” for possible recommendations and limitations. D Trailer brakes are required when the towing load exceeds 1,000 lbs. (453 kg). Be sure your trailer has safety chains and that each chain will hold the trailer’s maximum gross weight. Towing trailers without safety chains could create a traffic safety hazard if the trailer separates from the hitch due to coupling damage or hitch ball damage. D Be sure to check the hitch pin and safety pin for positive lock- ing placement before towing a trailer. If the ball mount comes off the hitch receiver, the trailer could get loose and create a traffic safety hazard. D Use only the ball mount supplied with this hitch. Use the hitch only as a weight carrying hitch. Do not use with any type of weight distributing hitch.
The trailer hitch is designed to tow a Class 1 rated load. A maximum of 2,400 lbs. (1,087 kg) gross trailer weight and a maximum of 200 lbs. (90
kg) gross tongue weight are permissible for the trailer hitch. When you tow a trailer, follow the instructions in the next section “Trailer towing”.– CONTINUED –
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B Connecting a trailer
HB8047BA
CAUTION
The license plate bracket will hit the hitch ball and may be dam- aged if the tailgate is opened and the license plate bracket is at the lowered/open position. Close the tailgate and return the license plate bracket to its normal position flush against the tail- gate itself whenever you tow a trailer or whenever a trailer is hitched to the vehicle.
1. Before connecting the ball mount to the hitch receiver, close the tailgate and return the license plate bracket to its normal retracted position up against the tailgate. Refer to “License plate bracket” under the heading “Tailgate” in Chapter 2 for more information on the function of the license plate bracket. 2. Remove the receiver cover from the hitch receiver tube. Then in- sert the ball mount into the hitch receiver tube. 3. Insert the hitch pin into the hole on the hitch receiver tube so that the pin passes through the ball mount.
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4. Insert the safety pin into the hitch pin securely.
HB8018BA
HB8019BA
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5. Pull the ball mount to make sure it does not come off the hitch re- ceiver.
HB8020AA
6. Use only a hitch ball that is appropriate for the ball mount and your trailer. The hitch ball must be securely installed on the ball mount. 7. Connect your trailer to the hitch ball. 8. Connect the trailer and the hitch with safety chains that will hold the trailer’s maximum gross weight. The chains should cross under the trailer tongue to prevent the tongue from dropping onto the ground in case it should disconnect from the hitch ball. Allow suffi- cient slack in the chains taking tight–turn situations into account; how- ever, be careful not to let them drag on the ground.
HB8020BB
HB8022BB
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9. Connect the hitch wire harness’s black four–pin wire connector to the towing trailer’s wire harness.
Driving tips
HB8021BB
10. Confirm proper function of the hitch wire harness by individually activating the brake, right turn signal, left turn signal, stop, and park- ing lights on the trailer.
NOTE Always disconnect the trailer wire harness before launching or retrieving a watercraft.
B When you are not towing a trailer
CAUTION
Remove the ball mount from the hitch receiver tube when the tail- gate is open and the bed extender is used. The rear license plate will not be visible because the license plate bracket can not be used at the lowered/open position when the ball mount is con- nected.
D Remove the ball mount from the hitch receiver tube and insert the receiver cover onto the hitch receiver tube. D Place the dust cap over the four–pin connector of the hitch wire harness to protect against possible damage. D Occasionally lubricate the terminals of the four–pin connector us- ing terminal grease, and cover with the attached rubber cap.
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Trailer towing
Your vehicle is designed and intended to be used primarily to carry pas- sengers and cargo. Towing a trailer puts additional loads on your vehicle’s engine, drivetrain, brakes, tires and suspension and has an ad- verse effect on fuel economy. If you do decide to tow a trailer, your safety and satisfaction depend upon proper use of correct equipment and cautious operation of your ve- hicle. Seek the advice of your SUBARU dealer to assist you in purchas- ing a hitch and other necessary towing equipment appropriate for your vehicle. In addition, be sure to follow the instructions on correct installa- tion and use provided by the trailer and other towing equipment manufacturers. SUBARU assumes no responsibility for injuries or vehicle damage that result from trailer towing equipment, or from any errors or omissions in the instructions accompanying such equipment or for your failure to fol- low the proper instructions.
B Warranties and maintenance SUBARU warranties do not apply to vehicle damage or malfunction caused by trailer towing. If you use your vehicle to tow a trailer, more frequent maintenance will be required due to the additional load. (Refer to “Maintenance schedule under severe driving conditions” in the “Warranty and Maintenance Booklet”.) Under no circumstances should a trailer be towed with a new vehicle or a vehicle with any new powertrain component (engine, transmis- sion, differential, wheel bearings, etc.) for the first 1,000 miles (1,600
km) of driving.B Maximum load limits
WARNING
Never exceed the maximum load limits explained below. Exceed- ing the maximum load limits could cause personal injury and/or vehicle damage.
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Driving tips
CAUTION
D Adequate size trailer brakes are required when the trailer and its cargo exceed 1,000 lbs (453 kg) total weight. D Before towing a trailer, check the trailer total weight, GVW, GAWs and tongue load. Make sure the load and its distribution in your vehicle and trailer are acceptable.
n Total trailer weight The total trailer weight (trailer weight plus its cargo load) must never exceed the maximum weight shown below.
Model
Conditions
Maximum total trailer weight
MT models When towing a trailer without brakes.
1,000 lbs (453 kg)
When towing a trailer with brakes.
2,400 lbs (1,087 kg)
AT models When towing a trailer without brakes.
1,000 lbs (453 kg)
When towing a trailer with brakes.
2,400 lbs (1,087 kg)
When towing a trailer on a long uphill grade continuously for over 5 miles (8 km) with an outside temperature of 104°F (40°C) or above.
1,200 lbs (543 kg)
Total trailer weight
OM-H2781
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n Gross Vehicle Weight (GVW) and Gross Vehicle Weight Rating
(GVWR)
The Gross Vehicle Weight (GVW) must never exceed the Gross Vehicle Weight Rating (GVWR). Gross Vehicle Weight (GVW) is the combined total of the weight of the vehicle, driver, passengers, luggage, trailer hitch, trailer tongue load and any other optional equipment installed on your vehicle. Therefore, the GVW changes depending on the situation. Determine the GVW each time before going on a trip by putting your vehicle and trailer on a vehicle scale. GVWR is shown on the certification label located on the driver’s door of your vehicle.
HB8038BB
HB8043BA
B Gross Axle Weight (GAW) and Gross Axle Weight Rating
(GAWR)
The total weight applied to each axle (GAW) must never exceed the Gross Axle Weight Rating (GAWR). The front and rear GAWs can be adjusted by relocating passengers and luggage inside the vehicle. The front and rear GAWR are also shown on the certification label.
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Driving tips
HB8039BB
HB8043BA
To check both GVWR and GAWR and to confirm that the total weight and weight distribution are within safe driving limits, you should have your vehicle and trailer weighed at a commercial weighing station. Be sure that all cargo is firmly secured to prevent a change in weight distribution while driving.
n Tongue load
WARNING
If the trailer is loaded with more weight in the back of trailer’s axle than in the front, the load is taken off the rear axle of the tow- ing vehicle. This may cause the rear wheels to skid, especially during braking or when vehicle speed is reduced during corner- ing, resulting in over-steer, spin out and/or jackknifing.
Ensure that the trailer tongue load is from 8 to 11 percent of the total trailer weight and does not exceed the maximum value of 200 lbs (90
kg). The tongue load can be weighed with a bathroom scale as shown in the illustration below. When weighing the tongue load, be sure to posi- tion the towing coupler at the height at which it would be during actual towing, using a jack as shown.– CONTINUED –
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Tongue load
OM-H2785
HB8040BB
The tongue load can be adjusted by proper distribution of the load in the trailer. Never load the trailer with more weight in the back than in the front; approximately 60 percent of the trailer load should be in the front and approximately 40 percent in the rear. Also, distribute the load as evenly as possible on both the left and right sides. Be sure that all cargo is firmly secured to prevent a change in weight distribution while driving.
OM-H2787
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B Trailer hitches
WARNING
Never drill the frame or under-body of your vehicle to install a commercial trailer hitch. If you do, dangerous exhaust gas, water or mud may enter the passenger compartment through the drilled hole. Exhaust gas contains carbon monoxide, a colorless and odorless gas which is dangerous, or even lethal, if inhaled. Also, drilling the frame or under-body of your vehicle could cause dete- rioration of strength of your vehicle and cause corrosion around the drilled hole.
CAUTION
D Do not modify the vehicle exhaust system, brake system, or other systems when installing a hitch or other trailer towing equipment. D Do not use axle-mounted hitches as they can cause damage to the axle housing, wheel bearings, wheels or tires.
The use of a genuine SUBARU trailer hitch is recommended. A genu- ine SUBARU hitch is available from your SUBARU dealer. If use of a non-genuine hitch is unavoidable, be sure the hitch is suited to your vehicle and trailer. Consult with a professional hitch supplier to assist you in choosing an appropriate hitch for your vehicle. Be sure to follow all of the hitch manufacturer’s instructions for installation and use. Never use a hitch that mounts only to the rear bumper. The bumper is not designed to handle that type of load. For all types of hitches, regularly check that the hitch mounting bolts and nuts are tight.
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B Connecting a trailer n Trailer brakes
WARNING
D Adequate size trailer brakes are required when the trailer and its cargo exceed 1,000 lbs (453 kg) total weight. D Do not directly connect your trailer’s hydraulic brake system to the hydraulic brake system in your vehicle. Direct connection would cause the vehicle’s brake performance to deteriorate and could lead to an accident.
If your trailer’s total weight (trailer weight plus its cargo weight) exceeds 1,000 lbs (453 kg), the trailer is required to be equipped with its own brake system. Electric brakes or surge brakes are recom- mended, and must be installed properly. Check that your trailer’s brakes conform with Federal, state/province and/or other applicable regulations. Your SUBARU’s brake system is not designed to be tapped into the trailer’s hydraulic brake system. Please ask your SUBARU dealer and professional trailer supplier for more information about the trailer’s brake system.
n Trailer safety chains
WARNING
Always use safety chains between your vehicle and the trailer. Towing trailer without safety chains could create a traffic safety hazard if the trailer separates from the hitch due to coupling dam- age or hitch ball damage.
In case the trailer hitch connector or hitch ball should break or become disconnected, the trailer could get loose and create a traffic safety hazard. For safety, always connect the towing vehicle and trailer with trailer safety chains. Pass the chains crossing each other under the trailer tongue to prevent the trailer from dropping onto the ground in case the trailer tongue should disconnect from the hitch ball. Allow suffi-
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cient slack in the chains taking tight-turn situations into account; how- ever, be careful not to let them drag on the ground. For more information about the safety chain connection, refer to the instructions for your hitch and trailer.
n Side mirrors After hitching a trailer to your vehicle, check that the standard side mirrors provide a good rearward field of view without significant blind spots. If significant blind spots occur with the vehicle’s standard side mirrors, use towing mirrors that conform with Federal, state/province and/or other applicable regulations.
HB8041BA
n Trailer lights
CAUTION
Direct splicing or other improper connection of trailer lights may damage your vehicle’s electrical system and cause a malfunction of your vehicle’s lighting system.
Connection of trailer lights to your vehicle’s electrical system requires modifications to the vehicle’s lighting circuit to increase its capacity and accommodate wiring changes. To ensure the trailer lights are connected properly, please consult your SUBARU dealer. Check for proper operation of the turn signals, the brake lights and parking lights each time you hitch up.
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n Tires
WARNING
Never tow a trailer when the temporary spare tire is used. The temporary spare tire is not designed to sustain the towing load. Use of the temporary spare tire when towing can result in failure of the spare tire and/or less stability of the vehicle.
Make sure that all the tires on your vehicle are properly inflated.
The recommended cold tire pressure under trailer towing conditions is indicated on the tire placard located under the door striker on the driver’s side. Adjust the rear tire pressure to the recommended pres- sure shown on the tire placard when the tires are cold. Normal pres- sure should be maintained in the front tires.
Trailer tire condition, size, load rating and proper inflation pressure should be in accordance with the trailer manufacturer’s specifications.
In the event your vehicle gets a flat tire when towing a trailer, ask a commercial road service to repair the flat tire.
If you carry a regular size spare tire in your vehicle or trailer as a pre- caution against getting a flat tire, be sure that the spare tire is firmly secured.
B Trailer towing tips
CAUTION
D Never exceed 45 mph (72 km/h) when towing a trailer in hilly country on hot days. D When towing a trailer, steering, stability, stopping distance and braking performance will be different from normal operation. For safety’s sake, you should employ extra caution when towing a trailer and you should never speed. You should also keep the fol- lowing tips in mind:
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n Before starting out on a trip D Check that the vehicle and vehicle-to-hitch mounting are in good condition. If any problems are apparent, do not tow the trailer. D Check that the vehicle sits horizontally with the trailer attached. If the vehicle is tipped sharply up at the front and down at the rear, check the total trailer weight, GVW, GAWs and tongue load again, then confirm that the load and its distribution are acceptable. D Check that the tire pressures are correct. D Check that the vehicle and trailer are connected properly. Confirm that.
– the trailer tongue is connected properly to the hitch ball. – the trailer lights connector is connected properly and trailer’s brake lights illuminate when the vehicle’s brake pedal is pressed, and that the trailer’s turn signal lights flash when the vehicle’s turn signal lever is operated. – the safety chains are connected properly. – all cargo in the trailer is secured safety in position. – the side mirrors provide a good rearward field of view without a significant blind spot.
D Sufficient time should be taken to learn the “feel” of the vehicle/ trailer combination before starting out on a trip. In an area free of traf- fic, practice turning, stopping and backing up.
n Driving with a trailer D You should allow for considerably more stopping distance when towing a trailer. Avoid sudden braking because it may result in skid- ding or jackknifing and loss of control. D Avoid abrupt starts and sudden accelerations. If your vehicle has a manual transmission, always start out in first gear and release the clutch at moderate engine revolution. D Avoid uneven steering, sharp turns and rapid lane changes. D Slow down before turning. Make a longer than normal turning radius because the trailer wheels will be closer than the vehicle wheels to the inside of the turn. In a tight turn, the trailer could hit your vehicle. D Crosswinds will adversely affect the handling of your vehicle and
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trailer, causing sway. Crosswinds can be due to weather conditions or the passing of large trucks or buses. If swaying occurs, firmly grip the steering wheel and slow down immediately but gradually. D When passing other vehicles, considerable distance is required because of the added weight and length caused by attaching the trailer to your vehicle. D Backing up with a trailer is difficult and takes practice. When back- ing up with a trailer, never accelerate or steer rapidly. When turning back, grip the bottom of the steering wheel with one hand and turn it to the left for a left turn, and turn it to the right for a right turn.
Left turn
Right turn
OM-H2791
D If the ABS warning light illuminates while the vehicle is in motion, stop towing the trailer and have repairs performed immediately by the nearest SUBARU dealer.
n Driving on grades D Before going down a steep hill, slow down and shift into lower gear (if necessary, use 1st gear) in order to utilize the engine braking effect and prevent overheating of your vehicle’s brakes. Do not make sud- den downshifts. D When driving uphill in hot weather, the air conditioner may turn off automatically to protect the engine from overheating. D When driving uphill in hot weather, pay attention to the water tem- perature gauge pointer (for all vehicles) and AT OIL TEMP warning light (for AT vehicles) since the engine and transmission are relatively prone to overheating under these conditions. If the water temperature
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gauge pointer approaches the OVERHEAT zone or the AT OIL TEMP warning light illuminates, immediately switch off the air conditioner and stop the vehicle at the nearest safe place. Refer to the “Engine overheat” section in Chapter 9, and “Warning and indicator lights” section in Chapter 3. D If your vehicle has an automatic transmission, avoid using the accelerator pedal to stay stationary on an uphill slope instead of using the parking brake or foot brake. That may cause the transmission fluid to overheat. Also, if your vehicle is equipped with an automatic trans- mission, avoid driving with the gear selector lever in “D” when towing a heavy trailer to prevent fluid overheating. A lower gear should be used.
n Parking on a grade Always block the wheels under both vehicle and trailer when parking. Apply the parking brake firmly. You should not park on a hill or slope. But if parking on a hill or slope cannot be avoided, you should take the following steps: 1. Apply the brakes and hold the pedal down. 2. Have someone place wheel blocks under both the vehicle and trailer wheels. 3. When the wheel blocks are in place, release the regular brakes slowly until the blocks absorb the load. 4. Apply the regular brakes and then apply the parking brake; slowly release the regular brakes. 5. Shift into 1st or reverse gear (manual transmission) or “P” (auto- matic transmission) and shut off the engine.
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In case of emergency
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If you park your vehicle in an emergency Jack and tools Spare tire Temporary spare tire
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Using the temporary spare tire
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Flat tires
Changing a flat tire
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Jump starting Engine overheating Towing Moonroof — if the moonroof cannot be closed
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If you park your vehicle in an emergency
HB8002BA
The hazard warning flasher should be used in day or night to warn other drivers when you have to park your vehicle under emergency conditions. Avoid stopping on the road. It is best to safely pull off the road if a prob- lem occurs.
The hazard warning flasher can be activated regardless of the ignition switch position. Turn on the hazard warning by pushing the hazard warning flasher switch. Turn it off by pushing the switch again.
NOTE When the hazard warning flasher is on, the turn signals do not work.
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In case of emergency
Jack and tools
The jack supplied with the vehicle is designed only for changing a tire. Before using the jack, see the “Flat tire” section in this chapter for instructions and precautions.
B Location of jack and tools
HBF053BA
HB9057BA
The jack and tool bag are located in the left side rear quarter pocket at the back side of the rear seatback.
HB9073AA
A wheel nut wrench, jack drive tube, tire holding rod, tire holding retainer, screwdriver and moonroof wrench are included in the tool bag.
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B Removing jack and tool bag
HB1109BB
1. Pull the rear seatback locks up and fold down the rear seatback to gain access to the rear quarter pockets at both sides.
HB9074BA
2. Open the left side lid by turning the knob. 3. Take the tool bag out of the pocket.
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In case of emergency
HB9075BA
4. Loosen the jack holding screw by turning counterclockwise and remove the jack from the pocket.
NOTE D Be careful not to lose the jack holding screw after removing it. D Make sure the jack is well lubricated before using it.
B Restoring jack and tools
HB9076BA
HB9075CA
1. Return all tools to the tool bag. 2. Turn the jack screw counterclockwise to the end. 3. Place the jack onto the bracket in the pocket and securely fix the jack with the jack holding screw by turning it clockwise.
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NOTE Confirm no looseness exists after securing the jack. Looseness may cause a rattle while the vehicle is moving.
CAUTION
After the jack and the tool bag have been restored in the rear quarter pocket, make sure that the rear seatback has been securely locked. When securely locked, the red marks on the locking knobs are no longer visible.
Spare tire
HB9053BA
The spare tire is stored in the spare tire holder located under the rear of the cargo bed. The spare tire holder has a hoist mechanism that can lower and raise the spare tire easily. The spare tire holder is designed to carry only the tem- porary spare tire that comes with your vehicle. Before using the temporary spare tire, see the “Temporary spare tire” section in this Chapter for instructions and precautions.
B Removing the spare tire 1. Take the wheel nut wrench out of the tool bag. Refer to the “Jack and tools” section in this Chapter for its storage location.
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In case of emergency
HB9054BA
2. Open the tailgate and remove the rubber cap from the cargo bed. Pull up the “RELEASE” portion of the cap when removing it. 3. Locate the hex-headed hoist shaft end inside the hole.
HB9055BA
4. Turn the hoist shaft end counterclockwise with the wheel nut wrench until the temporary spare tire is on the ground with enough cable slack to allow you to pull it out from under the vehicle.
CAUTION
Do not put your fingers into the center hole of the temporary spare tire while you pulling it out, because they might be pinched in between the wheel and the retainer.
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HB9056AA
5. Tilt the retainer at the end of the cable and pull it through the cen- ter of the temporary spare tire. 6. After the temporary spare tire is removed from the cable, the cable must be wound up completely by turning the hoist nut shaft clockwise until you hear a clicking sound. Also visually inspect the cable to make certain that there is no longer any slack present.
WARNING
D When using the spare tire hoist: After the temporary spare tire is removed from the cable, wind the cable up completely until the retainer at end of the cable sits against the underside of the vehicle. Driving with the cable not retracted fully could result in damage to the adjacent under floor parts and lead to a serious accident. D The spare tire holder is designed to carry only the smaller tem- porary spare tire. Never store a full size tire (flat or otherwise) in the spare tire holder. Doing so can result in damage to adjacent under floor parts and can lead to a serious accident.
CAUTION
When using the spare tire hoist: Do not use air tools or power tools to turn the spare tire hoist shaft end. If you do, it could result in severe mechanical damage to the spare tire hoist.
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In case of emergency
B Re-storage of spare tire 1. Turn the spare tire hoist shaft end counterclockwise with the wheel nut wrench to loosen the cable sufficiently enough to allow the cable end retainer go through center hole of the temporary spare tire. 2. Insert the retainer through the center hole of the temporary tire (with the outside of the tire facing up). 3. Turn the hoist shaft end clockwise with the wheel nut wrench to wind the cable up completely until you hear a few clicking sounds. Confirm that the temporary spare tire holding cable has been wound up completely by shaking the temporary tire.
CAUTION
If the temporary spare tire is not stored securely, it could damage adjacent areas of the vehicle and make an abnormal noise.
4. Put the rubber cap on the hoist shaft end hole. 5. Place the wheel nut wrench back into the tool bag and store the jack and tool bag in their storage locations.
Temporary spare tire
J Using the temporary spare tire
WARNING
Never tow a trailer when the temporary spare tire is used. The temporary spare tire is not designed to sustain the towing load. Use of the temporary spare tire when towing can result in failure of the spare tire and/or less stability of the vehicle and may lead to an accident.
CAUTION
Never use any temporary spare tire other than the original. Using other sizes may result in severe mechanical damage to the drive train of your vehicle.
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The temporary spare tire is smaller and lighter than a conventional tire and is designed for emergency use only. Remove the temporary spare tire and re-install the conventional tire as soon as possible because the spare tire is designed only for temporary use.
Check the inflation pressure of the temporary spare tire periodically to keep the tire ready for use. The correct pressure is 60 psi (420 kPa, 4.2
kg/cm2).When using the temporary spare tire, note the following:
D Do not exceed 50 mph (80 km/h). D Do not put a tire chain on the temporary spare tire. Because of the smaller tire size, a tire chain will not fit properly. D Do not use two or more temporary spare tires at the same time. D Do not drive over obstacles. This tire has a smaller diameter, so road clearance is reduced. D When the wear indicator appears on the tread, replace the tire.
Indicator location mark
Tread wear indicator bar
HG0106
HB8003BB
NOTE [Automatic transmission vehicle] Before driving your vehicle with the temporary spare tire, put a spare fuse inside the FWD connector located in the engine compartment and confirm that the Front-wheel drive warning light comes on. The all wheel drive capability of the vehicle has now been deactivated. After re-installing the convention- al tire, remove the spare fuse from the FWD connector in order to reactivate all wheel drive.
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In case of emergency
Flat tires
If you get a flat tire while driving, never brake suddenly; keep driving straight ahead while gradually reducing speed. Then slowly pull off the road to a safe place.
J Changing a flat tire
WARNING
D Do not jack up the vehicle on an incline or a loose road sur- face. The jack can come out of the jacking point or sink into the ground and this can result in a serious accident. D Use only the jack provided with your vehicle. The jack sup- plied with the vehicle is designed only for changing a tire. Never get under the vehicle while supporting the vehicle with this jack. D Always turn the engine off before raising the flat tire off the ground using the jack. Never swing or push the vehicle sup- ported with the jack. The jack can come out of the jacking point due to a jolt and this can result in a serious accident. D Never place a tire or tire changing tools in the passenger compartment after changing wheels. In a sudden stop or colli- sion, loose equipment could strike occupants and cause injury. Store the tire and all tools in the proper place.
1. Park on a hard, level surface, whenever possible, then stop the en- gine. 2. Set the parking brake securely and shift a manual transmission ve- hicle into reverse or an automatic transmission vehicle into the “P” (Park) position. 3. Turn on the hazard warning flasher and have everyone get out of the vehicle.
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HGS038BA
4. Put wheel blocks at the front and rear of the tire diagonally opposite the flat tire. 5. Take out the spare tire, jack, and wheel nut wrench.
Refer to the sections “Spare tire” and “Jack and tools” in this chapter for their location, instructions and precautions. After the spare tire is removed from the spare tire holder, the cable must be wound up completely by turning the hoist nut shaft clockwise until you hear a clicking sound. Also visually inspect the cable to make cer- tain that there is no longer any slack present.
B Removing the flat tire and installing the spare tire
HS9008BA
1. Loosen the wheel nuts using the wheel nut wrench but do not re- move the nuts.
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In case of emergency
HB9058BB
2. Place the jack under the side sill at the front or rear jack-up point closest to the flat tire. Jack-up points are indicated by arrow marks on the side of the side sill skirt.
HB9059BA
3. Turn the jackscrew by hand until the groove of the jack head en- gages firmly into the jack-up point.
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HB9060BA
4. Insert the jack drive tube into the jackscrew and attach the wheel nut wrench into the jack drive tube, and turn the handle until the tire clears the ground. Do not raise the vehicle higher than necessary. 5. Remove the wheel nuts and the flat tire.
OM-H0172
HG0104
6. Before putting the spare tire on, clean the mounting surface of the wheel and hub with a cloth. 7. Put on the spare tire. Replace the wheel nuts. Tighten them by hand.
WARNING
Do not use oil or grease on the wheel studs or nuts when the spare tire is installed. This could cause the nuts to become loose and lead to an accident.
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8. Turn the jack handle counterclockwise to lower the vehicle.
In case of emergency
HB9078BB
9. Use the wheel nut wrench to securely tighten the wheel nuts to the specified torque, following the tightening order in the illustration. The torque for tightening the nuts is 66 to 81 ft-lb (90 to 110 N-m, 9 to 11 kg-m). This torque is equivalent to applying about 88 to 110 lbs (40 to 50 kg) at the top of the wheel nut wrench provided to your ve- hicle. Never use your foot on the wheel nut wrench or a pipe exten- sion on the wrench because you may exceed the specified torque. Have the wheel nut torque checked at the nearest automotive service facility.
B Storage of the flat tire
CAUTION
D Secure the flat tire in the cargo bed (with the outer side of the wheel facing up) by using the designated tire holding rod and retainer. If the flat tire is not properly secured, it may fall out and create a dangerous road hazard that could lead to a serious acci- dent. D Do not store the flat tire under the floor. Doing so could dam- age the underside of the vehicle.
1. Take the tire holding rod and retainer out of the tool bag.
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HB9077BA
2. Remove the rubber cap from the cargo bed. Store the rubber cap in a safe place. Pay attention not to lose the rubber cap after removal.
HB9062BB
3. Place the flat tire in the cargo bed with the outer side of the wheel facing up. For an aluminum wheel, remove the center cap before placing it in the cargo bed. 4. Place the retainer on the center hole of the wheel as illustrated and put the tire holding rod into the retainer. If the flat tire is separated from its wheel completely, the retailer should be placed upside down on the wheel.
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In case of emergency
HB9063BA
5. Secure the flat tire by tightening the tire holding rod.
The tire holding rod and retainer are designed solely to secure a flat tire in emergency. Do not use them for another purpose such as se- curing cargo.
6. Store the jack and wheel nut wrench in their storage locations. 7. Put the rubber cap back in its original position after everything has been restored.
B Driving with the temporary spare tire Your spare tire is only a temporary spare which is designed for tem- porary emergency use only. When driving with the temporary spare tire, follow the instructions and precautions described in the “Tempo- rary spare tire” section in this Chapter. Replace the temporary spare tire with a conventional tire as soon as you can.
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Jump starting
WARNING
D Battery fluid is SULFURIC ACID. Do not let it come in contact with the eyes, skin, clothing or the vehicle. If battery fluid gets on you, thoroughly flush the exposed area with water immediately. Get medical help if the fluid has entered your eyes. If battery fluid is accidentally swallowed, immediately drink a large amount of milk or water, and obtain immediate medical help. Keep everyone including children away from the battery. D The gas generated by a battery explodes if a flame or spark is brought near it. Do not smoke or light a match while jump start- ing. D Never attempt jump starting if the discharged battery is frozen. It could cause the battery to burst or explode. D Whenever working on or around a battery, always wear suit- able eye protectors, and remove metal objects such as rings, bands or other metal jewelry. D Be sure the jumper cables and clamps on them do not have loose or missing insulation. Do not jump start unless cables in suitable condition are avail- able. D A running engine can be dangerous. Keep your fingers, hands, clothing, hair and tools away from the cooling fan, belts and any other moving engine parts. Removing rings, watches and ties is advisable.
When your vehicle does not start due to a run down (discharged) bat- tery, the vehicle may be jump started by connecting your battery to another battery (called the booster battery) with jumper cables.
Jump starting is dangerous if it done incorrectly. If you are unsure about the proper procedure for jump starting, consult a competent mechanic.
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In case of emergency
B How to jump start 1. Make sure the booster battery is 12 volts and the negative terminal is grounded. 2. If the booster battery is in another vehicle, do not let the two ve- hicles touch. 3. Turn off all unnecessary lights and accessories. 4. Connect the jumper cables exactly in the sequence illustrated.
HB8007BB
1 Connect one jumper cable to the positive (+) terminal on the discharged battery. 2 Connect the other end of the jumper cable to the positive (+) terminal of the booster battery. 3 Connect one end of the other cable to the negative (–) terminal of the booster battery.
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4 Connect the other end of the cable. To the engine lifting brack- et.
Make sure that the cables are not near any moving parts and that the cable clamps are not in contact with any other metal.
5. Start the engine of the vehicle with the booster battery and run it at moderate speed. Then start the engine of the vehicle that has the dis- charged battery. 6. When finished, carefully disconnect the cables in exactly the re- verse order.
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Engine overheating
In case of emergency
WARNING
Never attempt to remove the radiator cap until the engine has been shut off and has fully cooled down. When the engine is hot, the coolant is under pressure. Removing the cap while the engine is still hot could release a spray of boiling hot coolant, which could burn you very seriously.
If the engine overheats, pull off the road safely and stop the vehicle in a safe place.
B If steam is coming from the engine compartment Turn the engine off and get everyone away from the vehicle until it cools down.
B If no steam is coming from the engine compartment 1. Keep the engine running at idling speed. 2. Open the hood to ventilate the engine compartment. Confirm that the cooling fan is turning. If the fan is not turning, im- mediately turn the engine off and contact your authorized dealer for repair. 3. After the engine coolant temperature has dropped, turn off the en- gine. If the temperature gauge stays at the overheated zone, turn the en- gine off. 4. After the engine has fully cooled down, check the coolant level in the reserve tank. If the coolant level is below the “MIN” mark, add coolant up to the “MAX” mark. 5. If there is no coolant in the reserve tank, add coolant to the reserve tank. Then remove the radiator cap and fill the radiator with coolant.
If you remove the radiator cap from a hot radiator, first wrap a thick cloth around the radiator cap, then turn the cap counterclockwise slowly without pressing down until it stops. Release the pressure from
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the radiator. After the pressure has been fully released, remove the cap by pressing down and turning it.
Towing
WARNING
Never tow AWD vehicles (both AT and MT) with the front wheels raised off the ground while the rear wheels are on the ground, or with the rear wheels raised off the ground while the front wheels are on the ground. This will cause the vehicle to spin away due to the operation or deterioration of the center differential.
HB9064BA
If towing is necessary, it is best done by your SUBARU dealer or a com- mercial towing service. Observe the following procedures for safety.
B Towing and tie-down hooks
CAUTION
D Use only specified towing hooks and tie-down hooks. Never use suspension parts or other body parts for towing or tie-down purposes. D Never use the tie-down hook closest to the muffler under the vehicle for towing purposes. D Do not apply excessive lateral load to the towing hooks.
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In case of emergency
HB9065BB
HB9066BB
HB9070BB
HB9066CB
The towing hooks should be used only in an emergency (e.g., to free a stuck vehicle from mud, sand or snow).
The front towing hook is located on the inside of the towing hook cov- er below the right-hand headlight.
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n Towing hook cover removal procedure
HB9068BB
HB9067BB
The towing hook cover is secured by tabs that fit into corresponding slots in the vehicle body. To remove the cover: 1. Push on the position A while pulling the portion B toward you. 2. Push on the portion C and pull the cover.
n Towing hook cover installation procedure
hB9069BA
To reinstall the towing hook cover, push it in on both sides while push- ing it back to its original position. Make certain that the tabs at the end of the cover are securely inserted into the corresponding slots in the vehicle’s body.
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B Using a flat-bed truck
In case of emergency
HB9072AA
This is the best way to transport your vehicle. Use the following proce- dures to ensure safe transportation. 1. Shift the selector lever into the “P” position for automatic transmis- sion vehicles or “1st” for manual transmission vehicles. 2. Pull up the parking brake lever firmly. 3. Secure the vehicle onto the carrier properly with safety chains. Each safety chain should be equally tightened and care must be tak- en not to pull the chains so tightly that the suspension bottoms out.
B Towing with all wheels on the ground
WARNING
D Never turn the ignition switch to the “LOCK” position while the vehicle is being towed because the steering wheel and the direc- tion of the wheels will be locked. D Remember that the brake booster and power steering do not function when the engine is not running. Because the engine is turned off, it will take greater effort to operate the brake pedal and steering wheel.
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CAUTION
D If transmission failure occurs, transport your vehicle on a flat- bed truck. D Do not run the engine while the vehicle is being towed using this method. Transmission damage could result if the vehicle is towed with the engine running. D For vehicles with automatic transmission, the traveling speed must be limited to less than 20 mph (30 km/h) and the traveling distance to less than 30 miles (50 km). For greater speeds and distances, transport your vehicle on a flat-bed truck.
HB9071AA
1. Check the transmission and differential oil levels and add oil to bring it to the upper level if necessary. 2. Release the parking brake and put the transmission in neutral. 3. The ignition switch should be in the “ACC” position while the ve- hicle is being towed. 4. Take up slack in the towline slowly to prevent damage to the ve- hicle.
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In case of emergency
Moonroof — if the moonroof cannot be closed
If the moonroof cannot be closed with the moonroof switch, you can close the moonroof manually. 1. Take out the moonroof wrench and screwdriver from the tool bag.
HB9006BA
HB9007BB
2. Remove the map light lens by prying the edge of the lens with a regu- lar screwdriver, then remove the switch body retaining screws and take off the moonroof switch.
HB9008BA
3. Insert the wrench in the end of the motor shaft. D To lower the moonroof, turn the wrench clockwise. D To close the moonroof, turn the wrench counterclockwise. Have your vehicle checked by an authorized SUBARU dealer.
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Appearance care
Exterior care
Washing Waxing and polishing Cleaning aluminum wheels Cleaning fog light lens
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Corrosion protection Cleaning the interior
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Exterior care
J Washing
CAUTION
D When washing the vehicle, the brakes may get wet. As a result, the brake stopping distance will be longer. To dry the brakes, drive the vehicle at a safe speed while lightly pressing the brake pedal to heat up the brakes. D Do not wash the engine compartment and areas adjacent to it. If water enters the engine air intake, electrical parts or the power steering fluid reservoir, it will cause engine trouble or faulty power steering respectively.
The best way to preserve your vehicle’s beauty is frequent washing. Wash the vehicle at least once a month to avoid contamination by road grime.
Wash dirt off with a wet sponge and plenty of lukewarm or cold water. Do not wash the vehicle with hot water and in direct sunlight.
Salt, chemicals, insects, tar, soot and bird droppings should be washed off by using a light detergent, as required. If you use a light detergent, make certain that it is a neutral detergent. Do not use strong soap or chemical detergents. All cleaning agents should be promptly flushed from the surface and not allowed to dry there. Rinse the vehicle thor- oughly with plenty of lukewarm water. Wipe the remaining water off with a chamois or soft cloth.
NOTE When having your vehicle washed in an automatic car wash, make sure beforehand that the car wash is of suitable type. If the vehicle is equipped with a rear/roof spoiler, it may be damaged by car wash brushes or other equipment.
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Appearance care
B Washing the underbody Chemicals, salts and gravel used for deicing road surfaces are ex- tremely corrosive, accelerating the corrosion of underbody compo- nents, such as the exhaust system, fuel and brake lines, brake cables, floor pan and fenders, and suspension. Thoroughly flush the underbody and inside of the fenders with luke- warm or cold water at frequent intervals to reduce the harmful effects of such agents.
B Using a warm water washer D Keep a good distance of 12 in (30 cm) or more between the wash- er nozzle and the vehicle. D Do not wash the same area continuously. D If a stain will not come out easily, wash by hand. Some warm water washers are of the high temperature, high pressure type, and they can damage or deform the resin parts such as mouldings, or cause water to leak into the vehicle.
J Waxing and polishing Always wash and dry the vehicle before waxing and polishing. Use a good quality polish and wax and apply them according to the manufacturer’s instructions. Wax or polish when the painted surface is cool.
Be sure to polish and wax the chrome trim, as well as the painted sur- faces. Loss of wax on a painted surface leads to loss of the original lus- ter and also quickens the deterioration of the surface. It is recommended that a coat of wax be applied at least once a month, or whenever the surface no longer repels water.
If the appearance of the paint has diminished to the point where the lus- ter or tone cannot be restored, lightly polish the surface with a fine- grained compound. Never polish just the affected area, but include the surrounding area as well. Always polish in only one direction. A No. 2000
grain compound is recommended. Never use a coarse-grained com- pound. Coarser grained compounds have a smaller grain-size number and could damage the paint. After polishing with a compound, coat with– CONTINUED –
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wax to restore the original luster. Frequent polishing with a compound or an incorrect polishing technique will result in removing the paint layer and exposing the undercoat. When in doubt, it is always best to contact your SUBARU dealer or an auto paint specialist.
J Cleaning aluminum wheels D Promptly wipe the aluminum wheels clean of any kind of grime or agent. If dirt is left on too long, it may be difficult to clean off. D Do not use soap containing grit to clean the wheels. Be sure to use a neutral cleaning agent, and later rinse thoroughly with water. Do not clean the wheels with a stiff brush or expose them to a high-speed wash- ing device. D Clean the vehicle (including the aluminum wheels) with water as soon as possible when it has been splashed with sea water, exposed to sea breezes, or driven on roads treated with salt or other agents.
J Cleaning fog light lens
HBA017BB
1. Stop the vehicle in a safe place. 2. Stop the engine and turn off the fog lights. 3. Check that the fog lights are not hot. Then, grasp the protector and turn it approximately 10° counter-clockwise. 4. Pull the protector off the fog light. 5. Wash the lens with water. 6. Apply the protector to the lens at an angle of approximately 10° from
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Appearance care
the fog light’s horizontal center line. Then, turn the protector clockwise until it stops. Finally, check that the protector’s horizontal bars are parallel with the fog light’s horizontal center line.
Corrosion protection
Your SUBARU has been designed and built to resist corrosion. Special materials and protective finishes have been used on most parts of the vehicle to help maintain fine appearance, strength, and reliable opera- tion.
B Most common causes of corrosion The most common causes of corrosion are: 1. The accumulation of moisture retaining dirt and debris in body panel sections, cavities, and other areas. 2. Damage to paint and other protective coatings caused by gravel and stone chips or minor accidents.
Corrosion is accelerated on the vehicle when: 1. It is exposed to road salt or dust control chemicals, or used in coastal areas where there is more salt in the air, or in areas where there is considerable industrial pollution. 2. It is driven in areas of high humidity, especially when temperatures range just above freezing. 3. Dampness in certain parts of the vehicle remains for a long time, even though other parts of the vehicle may be dry. 4. High temperatures will cause corrosion to parts of the vehicle which cannot dry quickly due to lack of proper ventilation.
B To help prevent corrosion Wash the vehicle frequently. If you drive on salted roads in the winter or if you live in a coastal area, you should flush the underbody with fresh water frequently.
After the winter has ended, it is recommended that the underbody be given a very thorough washing.
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Before the beginning of winter, check the condition of underbody components, such as the exhaust system, fuel and brake lines, brake cables, suspension, steering system, floor pan, and fenders. If any of them are found to be rusted, they should be given an appropriate rust prevention treatment or should be replaced. Contact your SUBARU dealer to perform this kind of maintenance and treatment if you need assistance.
Repair chips and scratches in the paint as soon as you find them.
Check the interior of the vehicle for water and dirt accumulation under the floor mats because that could cause corrosion. Occasionally check under the mats to make sure the area is dry.
Keep your garage dry. Do not park your vehicle in a damp, poorly ventilated garage. In such a garage, corrosion can be caused by dampness. If you wash the vehicle in the garage or put the vehicle into the garage when wet or covered with snow, that can cause dampness.
If your vehicle is operated in cold weather and/or in areas where road salts and other corrosive materials are used, the door hinges and locks, trunk lid lock, and hood latch should be inspected and lubri- cated periodically.
Cleaning the interior
Use a vacuum cleaner to get rid of the dust and dirt. Wipe the vinyl areas with a clean, damp cloth.
B Seat fabric Remove loose dirt, dust or debris with a vacuum cleaner. If the dirt is caked on the fabric or hard to remove with a vacuum cleaner, use a soft blush then vacuum it. Wipe the fabric surface with a tightly wrung cloth and dry the seat fabric thoroughly. If the fabric is still dirty, wipe using a solution of mild soap and lukewarm water then dry thoroughly.
If the stain does not come out, try a commercially-available fabric
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Appearance care
cleaner. Use the cleaner on a hidden place and make sure it does not affect the fabric adversely. Use the cleaner according to its instruc- tions.
B Leather seat materials The leather used by SUBARU is a high quality natural product which will retain its distinctive appearance and feel for many years with proper care. Allowing dust or road dirt to build up on the surface can cause the material to become brittle and to wear prematurely. Regular cleaning with a soft, moist, natural fiber cloth should be performed monthly, taking care not to soak the leather or allow water to penetrate the stitched seams. A mild detergent suitable for cleaning woolen fabrics may be used to remove difficult dirt spots, rubbing with a soft, dry cloth afterwards to restore the luster. If your SUBARU is to be parked for a long time in bright sunlight, it is recommended that the seats and headrests be covered, or the windows shaded, to prevent fading or shrinkage. Minor surface blemishes or bald patches may be treated with a com- mercial leather spray lacquer. You will discover that each leather seat section will develop soft folds or wrinkles, which is characteristic of genuine leather.
B Synthetic leather upholstery The synthetic leather material used on the SUBARU may be cleaned using mild soap or detergent and water, after first vacuuming or brushing away loose dirt. Allow the soap to soak in for a few minutes and wipe off with a clean, damp cloth. Commercial foam-type clean- ers suitable for synthetic leather materials may be used when neces- sary.
NOTE Strong cleaning agents such as solvents, paint thinners, window cleaner or gasoline or benzine or alkaline or alcohol or acid solu- tion must never be used on leather or synthetic interior materials.
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Maintenance and service
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Maintenance schedule Maintenance precautions Engine hood Engine compartment overview Engine oil Cooling system Engine coolant
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Air cleaner element Spark plugs Drive belts Manual transmission oil Automatic transmission fluid Front differential gear oil (AT vehicles) Rear differential gear oil Power steering fluid Brake fluid Clutch fluid (MT vehicles) Brake booster Brake pedal Clutch pedal (Manual transmission vehicles) Replacement of brake pad and lining Parking brake stroke Tires and wheels
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Types of tires Tire inspection Tire pressures and wear Wheel balance Wear indicators Tire rotation Tire replacement Wheel replacement
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Aluminum wheels Windshield washer fluid Replacement of windshield wiper blades Battery
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Fuses Main fuse Installation of accessories Replacing bulbs
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Headlight Front fog light Front turn signal light, parking light and side marker light Rear combination lights Tail light (on the tailgate) License plate light Map light, dome light and door step light High mount stop light assembly Sport activity lights (if equipped)
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Maintenance and service
Maintenance schedule
The scheduled maintenance items required to be serviced at regular in- tervals are shown in the “Warranty and Maintenance Booklet”.
For details of your maintenance schedule, read the separate “Warranty and Maintenance Booklet”.
Maintenance precautions
When maintenance and service are required, it is recommended that all work be done by an authorized SUBARU dealer.
If you perform maintenance and service by yourself, you should familiar- ize yourself with the information provided in this section on general main- tenance and service for your SUBARU.
Incorrect or incomplete service could cause improper or unsafe vehicle operation. Any problems caused by improper maintenance and service performed by you are not eligible for warranty coverage.
WARNING
D Testing of an All-Wheel Drive vehicle must NEVER be per- formed on a single two-wheel dynamometer or similar apparatus. Attempting to do so will result in transmission damage and in uncontrolled vehicle movement and may cause an accident or injuries to persons nearby. D Always select a safe area when performing maintenance on your vehicle. D Always be very careful to avoid injury when working on the ve- hicle. Remember that some of the materials in the vehicle may be hazardous if improperly used or handled, for example, battery acid. D Your vehicle should only be serviced by persons fully compe- tent to do so. Serious personal injury may result to persons not experienced in servicing vehicles.
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D Always use the proper tools and make certain that they are well maintained. D Never get under the vehicle supported only by a jack. Always use a safety stands to support the vehicle. D Never keep the engine running in a poorly ventilated area, such as a garage or other closed areas. D Do not smoke or allow open flames around the fuel or battery. This will cause a fire. D Because the fuel system is under pressure, replacement of the fuel filter should be performed only by your SUBARU dealer. D Wear adequate eye protection to guard against getting oil or fluids in your eyes. If something does get in your eyes, thorough- ly wash them out with clean water. D Do not tamper with the wiring of the SRS airbag system or seatbelt pretensioner system, or attempt to take its connectors apart, as that may activate the system or it can render it inopera- tive. The wiring and connectors of these systems are yellow for easy identification. NEVER use a circuit tester for these wiring. If your SRS airbag or seatbelt pretensioner needs service, con- sult your nearest SUBARU dealer.
J Before checking or servicing in the engine compart-
ment
D Always stop the engine and set the parking brake firmly to pre- vent the vehicle from moving. D Always let the engine cool down. Engine parts become very hot when the engine is running and remain hot for some time af- ter the engine is stopped. D Do not spill engine oil, engine coolant, brake fluid or any other fluid on hot engine components. This may cause a fire. D Always remove the key from the ignition switch. When the ignition switch is in the “ON” position, the cooling fan may oper- ate suddenly even when the engine is stopped.
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Maintenance and service
J When you do checking or servicing in the engine
compartment while the engine is running
A running engine can be dangerous. Keep your fingers, hands, clothing, hair and tools away from the cooling fan, belts and any other moving engine parts. Removing rings, watches and ties is advisable.
Engine hood
WARNING
Always check that the hood is properly locked before you start driving. If it is not, it might fly open while the vehicle is moving and block your view, which may cause an accident and serious bodily injury.
HBB008EA
HBB094BA
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HBB003BA
To open the hood: 1. Pull the hood release knob under the instrument panel. 2. Release the secondary hood release located under the front grille by moving the lever toward the left. Lift up the hood, release the hood prop from its retainer and put the end of the hood prop into the slot in the hood.
To close the hood: 1. Lift the hood slightly and remove the hood prop from the slot in the hood and return the prop to its retainer. 2. Lower the hood until it approaches about 6 in. (15 cm) from the closed position and let it drop. 3. After closing the hood, be sure the hood is securely locked.
If this does not close the hood, release it from a slightly higher position. Do not push the hood forcibly to close it. It could deform the metal.
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Engine compartment overview
Maintenance and service
1 Manual transmission oil level gauge (MT) (page 11-21) or Differential gear oil level gauge (AT) (page 11-24)
2 Air cleaner element
(page 11-17)
3 Clutch fluid reservoir
(page 11-30)
4 Automatic
transmission level gauge (page 11-22)
5 Brake fluid reservoir
(page 11-28)
6 Fuel filter
HBB036BB
7 Windshield washer tank
(page 11-44)
8 Fuse box (page 11-49) 9 Battery (page 11-48) Q Engine oil filler cap
(page 11-8)
