2009 Saturn Astra Owners Manual

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shown on the Tire and Loading Information label. See Inﬂation - Tire Pressure on page 9-47 and Loading the Vehicle on page 8-30. CAUTION (Continued) The wheel could come off and cause a crash. When you change a wheel, remove any rust or dirt from places where the wheel attaches to the vehicle using a scraper or wire brush. Installing wheels with a good metal-to-metal contact at the mounting surfaces is necessary to prevent wheel bolts from becoming loose. To prevent corrosion or rust build-up, lightly coat the wheel hub center and the cone-shaped surface of each wheel bolt with wheel bearing grease, after a wheel change. Use this pattern when rotating the vehicle tires. Do not include the compact spare tire in the tire rotation. { CAUTION Rust or dirt on a wheel, or on the parts to which it is fastened, can make wheel bolts become loose after time. (Continued) 9-54 Vehicle Service and Care When It Is Time for New Tires Various factors, such as maintenance, temperatures, driving speeds, vehicle loading, and road conditions inﬂuence when you need new tires. One way to tell when it is time for new tires is to check the treadwear indicators, which will appear when the tires have only 1/16 inch (1.6 mm) or less of tread remaining. You need new tires if any of the following statements are true: (cid:129) You can see the indicators at three or more places around the tire. (cid:129) You can see cord or fabric showing through the tire’s rubber. The tread or sidewall is cracked, cut, or snagged deep enough to show cord or fabric. The tire has a bump, bulge, or split. The tire has a puncture, cut, or other damage that cannot be repaired well because of the size or location of the damage. The rubber in tires degrades over time, even if they are not being used. This is also true for the spare tire, if the vehicle has one. Multiple conditions affect how fast this aging takes place, including temperatures, loading conditions, and inﬂation pressure maintenance. With proper care and maintenance tires typically wear out before they degrade due to age. If you are unsure about the need to replace the tires as they get older, consult the tire manufacturer for more information. Buying New Tires GM has developed and matched speciﬁc tires for your vehicle. The original equipment tires installed on your vehicle, when it was new, were designed to meet General Motors Tire Performance Criteria Speciﬁcation (TPC Spec) system rating. If you need replacement tires, GM strongly recommends that you get tires with the same TPC Spec rating. This way, your vehicle will continue to have tires that are designed to give the same performance and vehicle safety, during normal use, as the original tires. (cid:129) (cid:129) (cid:129) Vehicle Service and Care 9-55 { CAUTION { CAUTION Mixing tires could cause you to lose control while driving. If you mix tires of different sizes, brands, or types (radial and bias-belted tires), the vehicle may not handle properly, and you could have a crash. Using tires of different sizes, brands, or types may also cause damage to the vehicle. Be sure to use the correct size, brand, and type of tires on all wheels. It is all right to drive with the compact spare temporarily, as it was developed for use on the vehicle. See Compact Spare Tire on page 9-68. If you use bias-ply tires on the vehicle, the wheel rim ﬂanges could develop cracks after many miles of driving. A tire and/or wheel could fail suddenly, causing a crash. Use only radial-ply tires with the wheels on the vehicle. If you must replace your vehicle’s tires with those that do not have a TPC Spec number, make sure they are the same size, load range, speed rating, and construction type (radial and bias-belted tires) as your vehicle’s original tires. GM’s exclusive TPC Spec system considers over a dozen critical speciﬁcations that impact the overall performance of your vehicle, including brake system performance, ride and handling, traction control, and tire pressure monitoring performance. GM’s TPC Spec number is molded onto the tire’s sidewall near the tire size. If the tires have an all-season tread design, the TPC Spec number will be followed by an MS for mud and snow. See Tire Sidewall Labeling on page 9-42 for additional information. GM recommends replacing tires in sets of four. This is because uniform tread depth on all tires will help keep your vehicle performing most like it did when the tires were new. Replacing less than a full set of tires can affect the braking and handling performance of your vehicle. See Tire Inspection and Rotation on page 9-52 for information on proper tire rotation. 9-56 Vehicle Service and Care Vehicles that have a tire pressure monitoring system could give an inaccurate low-pressure warning if non-TPC Spec rated tires are installed on your vehicle. Non-TPC Spec rated tires may give a low-pressure warning that is higher or lower than the proper warning level you would get with TPC Spec rated tires. See Tire Pressure Monitor System on page 9-49. Your vehicle’s original equipment tires are listed on the Tire and Loading Information Label. See Loading the Vehicle on page 8-30, for more information about the Tire and Loading Information Label and its location on your vehicle. Different Size Tires and Wheels If you add wheels or tires that are a different size than your original equipment wheels and tires, this may affect the way your vehicle performs, including its braking, ride and handling characteristics, stability, and resistance to rollover. Additionally, if your vehicle has electronic systems such as, anti-lock brakes, traction control, and stability control, the performance of these systems can be affected. { CAUTION If you add different sized wheels, your vehicle may not provide an acceptable level of performance and safety if tires not recommended for those wheels are selected. You may increase the chance that you will crash and suffer serious injury. Only use Saturn speciﬁc wheel and tire systems developed for your vehicle, and have them properly installed by a Saturn certiﬁed technician. See Buying New Tires on page 9-54 and Accessories and Modiﬁcations on page 9-3 for additional information. Uniform Tire Quality Grading Quality grades can be found where applicable on the tire sidewall between tread shoulder and maximum section width. For example: Treadwear 200 Traction AA Temperature A The following information relates to the system developed by the United States National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA), which grades tires by treadwear, traction, and temperature performance. This applies only to vehicles sold in the United States. The grades are molded on the sidewalls of most passenger car tires. The Uniform Tire Quality Grading (UTQG) system does not apply to deep tread, Vehicle Service and Care 9-57 winter-type snow tires, space-saver, or temporary use spare tires, tires with nominal rim diameters of 10 to 12 inches (25 to 30 cm), or to some limited-production tires. While the tires available on General Motors passenger cars and light trucks may vary with respect to these grades, they must also conform to federal safety requirements and additional General Motors Tire Performance Criteria (TPC) standards. Treadwear The treadwear grade is a comparative rating based on the wear rate of the tire when tested under controlled conditions on a speciﬁed government test course. For example, a tire graded 150 would wear one and a half (1.5) times as well on the government course as a tire graded 100. The relative performance of tires depends upon the actual conditions of their use, however, and may depart signiﬁcantly from the norm due to variations in driving habits, service practices, and differences in road characteristics and climate. Traction – AA, A, B, C The traction grades, from highest to lowest, are AA, A, B, and C. Those grades represent the tire’s ability to stop on wet pavement as measured under controlled conditions on speciﬁed government test surfaces of asphalt and concrete. A tire marked C may have poor traction performance. 9-58 Vehicle Service and Care Temperature – A, B, C The temperature grades are A (the highest), B, and C, representing the tire’s resistance to the generation of heat and its ability to dissipate heat when tested under controlled conditions on a speciﬁed indoor laboratory test wheel. Sustained high temperature can cause the material of the tire to degenerate and reduce tire life, and excessive temperature can lead to sudden tire failure. The grade C corresponds to a level of performance which all passenger car tires must meet under the Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standard No. 109. Grades B and A represent higher levels of performance on the laboratory test wheel than the minimum required by law. It should be noted that the temperature grade for this tire is established for a tire that is properly inﬂated and not overloaded. Excessive speed, underinﬂation, or excessive loading, either separately or in combination, can cause heat buildup and possible tire failure. { WARNING The temperature grade for this tire is established for a tire that is properly inﬂated and not overloaded. Excessive speed, underinﬂation, or excessive loading, either separately or in combination, can cause heat buildup and possible tire failure. Wheel Alignment and Tire Balance The tires and wheels on your vehicle were aligned and balanced carefully at the factory to give you the longest tire life and best overall performance. Adjustments to wheel alignment and tire balancing will not be necessary on a regular basis. However, if you notice unusual tire wear or your vehicle pulling to one side or the other, the alignment might need to be checked. If you notice your vehicle vibrating when driving on a smooth road, the tires and wheels might need to be rebalanced. See your dealer/retailer for proper diagnosis. Vehicle Service and Care 9-59 Used Replacement Wheels { CAUTION Putting a used wheel on the vehicle is dangerous. You cannot know how it has been used or how far it has been driven. It could fail suddenly and cause a crash. If you have to replace a wheel, use a new GM original equipment wheel. Wheel Replacement Replace any wheel that is bent, cracked or badly rusted or corroded. If the wheel bolts keep coming loose, the wheel and wheel bolts should be replaced. If the wheel leaks air, replace it (except some aluminum wheels, which can sometimes be repaired). See your dealer/retailer if any of these conditions exist. Your dealer/retailer will know the kind of wheel you need. Each new wheel should have the same load-carrying capacity, diameter, width, offset and be mounted the same way as the one it replaces. If you need to replace any of the wheels or wheel bolts, replace them only with new GM original equipment parts. This way, you will be sure to have the right wheel and wheel bolts for the vehicle. { CAUTION Using the wrong replacement wheels or wheel bolts on your vehicle can be dangerous. It could affect the braking and handling of the vehicle, make the tires lose air and make you lose control of the vehicle. You could have a collision in which you or others could be injured. Always use the correct wheel and wheel bolts for replacement. Notice: The wrong wheel can also cause problems with bearing life, brake cooling, speedometer or odometer calibration, headlamp aim, bumper height, vehicle ground clearance, and tire or tire chain clearance to the body and chassis. See Changing a Flat Tire on page 9-61 for more information. 9-60 Vehicle Service and Care Tire Chains { CAUTION Do not use tire chains. There is not enough clearance. Tire chains used on a vehicle without the proper amount of clearance can cause damage to the brakes, suspension or other vehicle parts. The area damaged by the tire chains could cause you to lose control of the vehicle and you or others may be injured in a crash. Use another type of traction device only if its manufacturer recommends it for use on the vehicle and tire size combination and road conditions. Follow that manufacturer’s instructions. To help avoid damage to the vehicle, drive slowly, readjust or remove the device if it is contacting the vehicle, and do not spin the vehicle’s wheels. If you do ﬁnd traction devices that will ﬁt, install them on the front tires. Tire Changing If a Tire Goes Flat It is unusual for a tire to blowout while you are driving, especially if you maintain your vehicle’s tires properly. If air goes out of a tire, it is much more likely to leak out slowly. But if you should ever have a blowout, here are a few tips about what to expect and what to do: If a front tire fails, the ﬂat tire creates a drag that pulls the vehicle toward that side. Take your foot off the accelerator pedal and grip the steering wheel ﬁrmly. Steer to maintain lane position, and then gently brake to a stop well out of the traffic lane. A rear blowout, particularly on a curve, acts much like a skid and may require the same correction you would use in a skid. In any rear blowout remove your foot from the accelerator pedal. Get the vehicle under control by steering the way you want the vehicle to go. It may be very bumpy and noisy, but you can still steer. Gently brake to a stop, well off the road if possible. { CAUTION Lifting a vehicle and getting under it to do maintenance or repairs is dangerous without the appropriate safety equipment and training. If a jack is provided with the vehicle, it is designed only for changing a ﬂat tire. If it is used for anything else, you or others could be badly injured or killed if the vehicle slips off the jack. If a jack is provided with the vehicle, only use it for changing a ﬂat tire. If a tire goes ﬂat, the next part shows how to use the jacking equipment to change a ﬂat tire safely. Changing a Flat Tire If a tire goes ﬂat, avoid further tire and wheel damage by driving slowly to a level place. Turn on the hazard warning ﬂashers. See Hazard Warning Flashers on page 4-4. { CAUTION Changing a tire can be dangerous. The vehicle can slip off the jack and roll over or fall on you or other people. You and they could be badly injured or even killed. (Continued) Vehicle Service and Care 9-61 When the vehicle has a ﬂat tire (B), use the following example as a guide to assist you in the placement of wheel blocks (A). A. Wheel Block B. Flat Tire The following information explains how to use the jack and change a tire. CAUTION (Continued) Find a level place to change your tire. To help prevent the vehicle from moving: 1. Set the parking brake ﬁrmly. 2. Put an automatic transmission shift lever in P (Park), or shift a manual transmission to 1 (First) or R (Reverse). 3. Turn off the engine and do not restart while the vehicle is raised. 4. Do not allow passengers to remain in the vehicle. To be certain the vehicle will not move, put blocks at the front and rear of the tire farthest away from the one being changed. That would be the tire on the other side, at the opposite end of the vehicle. 9-62 Vehicle Service and Care Removing the Spare Tire and Tools The equipment you will need is located in the rear storage area. 1. Open the liftgate. See Liftgate on page 2-6. 3. Remove the foam pad. Turn the retainer counterclockwise to remove it. 4. Remove the spare tire by pulling it up and out of the trunk. 5. The jack and tools are stored below the spare tire. 6. The tools you will be using include the jack (A), wheel wrench (B), screwdriver (C), and jack handle (D). 2. Lift the ﬂoor cover to access the spare tire and tools. Removing the Flat Tire and Installing the Spare Tire 1. If your vehicle has wheel covers, remove the cover. Do not try to put a wheel cover on your compact spare tire. It will not ﬁt. Store the wheel cover in the trunk until you have the ﬂat tire repaired or replaced. Notice: Wheel covers will not ﬁt on your vehicle’s compact spare. If you try to put a wheel cover on the compact spare, the cover or the spare could be damaged. 2. If your vehicle has wheel bolt caps, remove the caps. Store the caps with the wheel cover. Vehicle Service and Care 9-63 3. Use the wheel wrench to loosen all the wheel bolts. Do not remove them yet. Notice: Make sure that the jack lift head is in the correct position or you may damage your vehicle. The repairs would not be covered by your warranty. 9-64 Vehicle Service and Care { CAUTION Getting under a vehicle when it is jacked up is dangerous. If the vehicle slips off the jack, you could be badly injured or killed. Never get under a vehicle when it is supported only by a jack. { CAUTION Raising your vehicle with the jack improperly positioned can damage the vehicle and even make the vehicle fall. To help avoid personal injury and vehicle damage, be sure to ﬁt the jack lift head into the proper location before raising the vehicle. 6. Raise the vehicle by turning the jack handle clockwise. Raise the vehicle far enough off the ground so there is enough room for the compact spare tire to ﬁt under the vehicle. 7. Remove all of the wheel bolts. 4. Position the jack lift head at the jack location nearest the ﬂat tire. The location is indicated by a mark on the bottom edge of the vehicle. 5. Put the compact spare tire near you. { CAUTION Rust or dirt on a wheel, or on the parts to which it is fastened, can make wheel bolts become loose after time. The wheel could come off and cause an accident. When you change a wheel, remove any rust or dirt from places where the wheel attaches to the vehicle. In an emergency, you can use a cloth or a paper towel to do this; but be sure to use a scraper or wire brush later, if needed, to get all the rust or dirt off. See Changing a Flat Tire on page 9-61. Vehicle Service and Care 9-65 9. Place the compact spare tire on the wheel-mounting surface. 8. Remove any rust or dirt from the wheel bolts, mounting surfaces and spare wheel. Installing wheels with a good metal-to-metal contact at the mounting surface is necessary to prevent the wheel bolts from becoming loose. To prevent corrosion or rust build-up, apply a light coat of wheel bearing grease to the wheel hub center and to the cone-shaped surface of each wheel bolt at every wheel change. 10. Reinstall the wheel bolts with the rounded end of the bolts toward the wheel. Tighten each bolt by hand until the wheel is held against the hub. 11. Lower the vehicle by turning the jack handle counterclockwise. Lower the jack completely. 9-66 Vehicle Service and Care 12. Tighten the wheel bolts ﬁrmly in a crisscross sequence, as shown. { CAUTION Wheel nuts that are improperly or incorrectly tightened can cause the wheels to become loose or come off. The wheel nuts should be tightened with a torque wrench (Continued) CAUTION (Continued) to the proper torque speciﬁcation after replacing. Follow the torque speciﬁcation supplied by the aftermarket manufacturer when using accessory locking wheel nuts. See Capacities and Speciﬁcations on page 10-2 for original equipment wheel nut torque speciﬁcations. Notice: Improperly tightened wheel nuts can lead to brake pulsation and rotor damage. To avoid expensive brake repairs, evenly tighten the wheel nuts in the proper sequence and to the proper torque speciﬁcation. See Capacities and Speciﬁcations on page 10-2 for the wheel nut torque speciﬁcation. Storing a Flat or Spare Tire and Tools { CAUTION Storing a jack, a tire, or other equipment in the passenger compartment of the vehicle could cause injury. In a sudden stop or collision, loose equipment could strike someone. Store all these in the proper place. Vehicle Service and Care 9-67 2. Place the ﬂat tire face down into the spare tire hub. 3. Turn spare tire hold-down bolt by turning clockwise. Return the foam pad to its original position. 4. Put the load ﬂoor back in place. The compact spare tire is for temporary use only. Replace the compact spare with a full-size tire as soon as possible. To store a ﬂat or spare tire and tools, do the following: A. Jack B. Wheel Wrench C. Screwdriver D. Jack Handle 1. Replace the jack and tools as shown. 9-68 Vehicle Service and Care Compact Spare Tire { CAUTION Driving with more than one compact spare tire at a time could result in loss of braking and handling. This could lead to a crash and you or others could be injured. Use only one compact spare tire at a time. Although the compact spare tire was fully inﬂated when the vehicle was new, it can lose air after a time. Check the inﬂation pressure regularly. It should be 60 psi (420 kPa). After installing the compact spare on the vehicle, stop as soon as possible and make sure the spare tire is correctly inﬂated. The compact spare is made to perform well at speeds up to 65 mph (105 km/h) for distances up to 3,000 miles (5 000 km), so you can ﬁnish your trip and have the full-size tire repaired or replaced at your convenience. Of course, it is best to replace the spare with a full-size tire as soon as possible. The spare tire will last longer and be in good shape in case it is needed again. Notice: When the compact spare is installed, do not take the vehicle through an automatic car wash with guide rails. The compact spare can get caught on the rails which can damage the tire, wheel and other parts of the vehicle. Do not use the compact spare on other vehicles. And do not mix the compact spare tire or wheel with other wheels or tires. They will not ﬁt. Keep the spare tire and its wheel together. Notice: Tire chains will not ﬁt the compact spare. Using them can damage the vehicle and can damage the chains too. Do not use tire chains on the compact spare. Vehicle Service and Care 9-69 Ignoring these steps Notice: could result in costly damage to the vehicle that would not be covered by the warranty. Trying to start the vehicle by pushing or pulling it will not work, and it could damage the vehicle. 1. Check the other vehicle. It must have a 12-volt battery with a negative ground system. If the other vehicle’s Notice: system is not a 12-volt system with a negative ground, both vehicles can be damaged. Only use vehicles with 12-volt systems with negative grounds to jump start your vehicle. 2. Get the vehicles close enough so the jumper cables can reach, but be sure the vehicles are not touching each other. If they are, it could cause a ground connection you do not want. You would not be able to start your vehicle, and the bad grounding could damage the electrical systems. To avoid the possibility of the vehicles rolling, set the parking brake ﬁrmly on both vehicles involved in the jump start procedure. Put an automatic transmission in P (Park) or a manual transmission in N (Neutral) before setting the parking brake. Jump Starting If your battery has run down, try to use another vehicle and some jumper cables to start your vehicle. Be sure to use the following steps to do it safely. { CAUTION Batteries can hurt you. They can be dangerous because: (cid:129) They contain acid that can burn you. (cid:129) They contain gas that can explode or ignite. (cid:129) They contain enough electricity to burn you. If you do not follow these steps exactly, some or all of these things can hurt you. 9-70 Vehicle Service and Care If you leave the radio or Notice: other accessories on during the jump starting procedure, they could be damaged. The repairs would not be covered by the warranty. Always turn off the radio and other accessories when jump starting the vehicle. 3. Turn off the ignition on both vehicles. Unplug unnecessary accessories plugged into the cigarette lighter or the accessory power outlet. Turn off the radio and all lamps that are not needed. This will avoid sparks and help save both batteries. And it could save the radio! 4. Open the hoods and locate the batteries. Find the positive (+) and negative (−) terminal locations on each vehicle. Your vehicle’s positive (+) terminal is identiﬁed by “+” sign on battery case or terminal. See Engine Compartment Overview on page 9-6. { CAUTION An electric fan can start up even when the engine is not running and can injure you. Keep hands, clothing and tools away from any underhood electric fan. { CAUTION Using a match near a battery can cause battery gas to explode. People have been hurt doing this, and some have been blinded. Use a ﬂashlight if you need more light. Be sure the battery has enough water. You do not need to add water to the battery installed in your new vehicle. But if a battery has ﬁller caps, be sure the right amount of ﬂuid is there. If it is low, add water to take care of that ﬁrst. If you don’t, explosive gas could be present. Battery ﬂuid contains acid that can burn you. Do not get it on you. If you accidentally get it in your eyes or on your skin, ﬂush the place with water and get medical help immediately. Vehicle Service and Care 9-71 { CAUTION Fans or other moving engine parts can injure you badly. Keep your hands away from moving parts once the engine is running. 5. Check that the jumper cables do not have loose or missing insulation. If they do, you could get a shock. The vehicles could be damaged too. Before you connect the cables, here are some things you to know. Positive (+) will go to positive (+) or to a remote positive (+) terminal if the vehicle has one. Negative (−) will go to the engine lift hook. Do not connect positive (+) to negative (−) or you will get a short that would damage the battery and maybe other parts too. And do not connect the negative (−) cable to the negative (−) terminal on the dead battery because this can cause sparks. 6. Connect the red positive (+) cable to the positive (+) terminal of the dead battery. Use a remote positive (+) terminal if the vehicle has one. 7. Do not let the other end touch metal. Connect it to the positive (+) terminal of the good battery. Use a remote positive (+) terminal if the vehicle has one. 8. Now connect the black negative (−) cable to the negative (−) terminal of the good battery. Use a remote negative (−) terminal if the vehicle has one. Do not let the other end touch anything until the next step. The other end of the negative (−) cable does not go to the dead battery. 9. Connect the other end of the negative (−) cable at least 18 inches (45 cm) away from the dead battery, but not near engine parts that move. Connect it to the engine lift hook. You may need to scrape the surface with your jumper cable to obtain a proper ground. The electrical connection is just as good there, and the chance of sparks getting back to the battery is much less. 9-72 Vehicle Service and Care 10. Now start the vehicle with the good battery and run the engine for a while. 11. Try to start the vehicle that had the dead battery. If it will not start after a few tries, it probably needs service. If the jumper cables are Notice: connected or removed in the wrong order, electrical shorting may occur and damage the vehicle. The repairs would not be covered by the vehicle warranty. Always connect and remove the jumper cables in the correct order, making sure that the cables do not touch each other or other metal. Jumper Cable Removal A. Heavy, Unpainted Metal Engine Part or Remote Negative (–) Terminal B. Good Battery or Remote Positive (+) and Remote Negative (–) Terminals C. Dead Battery or Remote Positive (+) Terminal To disconnect the jumper cables from both vehicles, do the following: 1. Disconnect the black negative (−) cable from the vehicle that had the dead battery. 2. Disconnect the black negative (−) cable from the vehicle with the good battery. 3. Disconnect the red positive (+) cable from the vehicle with the good battery. 4. Disconnect the red positive (+) cable from the other vehicle. 5. Return the caps over the positive (+) and negative (–) terminals to their original positions. Vehicle Service and Care 9-73 Towing Towing Your Vehicle To avoid damage, the disabled vehicle should be towed with all four wheels off the ground. Consult your dealer/retailer or a professional towing service if the disabled vehicle must be towed. See Roadside Assistance Program on page 12-6. Recreational Vehicle Towing Notice: Dolly towing or dinghy towing the vehicle may cause damage because of reduced ground clearance. Always put the vehicle on a ﬂatbed truck or trailer. The vehicle was neither designed nor intended to be towed with any of its wheels on the ground. Towing a Trailer The vehicle is neither designed nor intended to tow a trailer. Appearance Care Interior Cleaning Your vehicle’s interior will continue to look its best if it is cleaned often. Although not always visible, dust and dirt can accumulate on your upholstery. Dirt can damage carpet, fabric, leather, and plastic surfaces. Regular vacuuming is recommended to remove particles from the upholstery. It is important to keep your upholstery from becoming and remaining heavily soiled. Soils should be removed as quickly as possible. Your vehicle’s interior may experience extremes of heat that could cause stains to set rapidly. Lighter colored interiors may require more frequent cleaning. Use care because newspapers and garments that transfer color to your home furnishings may also transfer color to your vehicle’s interior. 9-74 Vehicle Service and Care When cleaning your vehicle’s interior, only use cleaners speciﬁcally designed for the surfaces being cleaned. Permanent damage may result from using cleaners on surfaces for which they were not intended. Use glass cleaner only on glass. Remove any accidental over-spray from other surfaces immediately. To prevent over-spray, apply cleaner directly to the cleaning cloth. Notice: Using abrasive cleaners when cleaning glass surfaces on the vehicle, could scratch the glass and/or cause damage to the rear window defogger. When cleaning the glass on the vehicle, use only a soft cloth and glass cleaner. Many cleaners contain solvents that may become concentrated in your vehicle’s breathing space. Before using cleaners, read and adhere to all safety instructions on the label. While cleaning your vehicle’s interior, maintain adequate ventilation by opening your vehicle’s doors and windows. Dust may be removed from small buttons and knobs using a small brush with soft bristles. Your dealer/retailer has a product for cleaning your vehicle’s glass. You can also obtain a product from your dealer/retailer to remove odors from your vehicle’s upholstery. Do not clean your vehicle using the following cleaners or techniques: (cid:129) Never use a knife or any other sharp object to remove a soil from any interior surface. (cid:129) Never use a stiff brush. It can cause damage to your vehicle’s interior surfaces. (cid:129) Never apply heavy pressure or rub aggressively with a cleaning cloth. Use of heavy pressure can damage the interior and does not improve the effectiveness of soil removal. (cid:129) Use only mild, neutral-pH soaps. Avoid laundry detergents or dishwashing soaps with degreasers. Using too much soap will leave a residue that leaves streaks and attracts dirt. For liquid cleaners, about 20 drops per gallon (3.78 L) of water is a good guide. (cid:129) Do not heavily saturate the upholstery while cleaning. (cid:129) Damage to your vehicle’s interior may result from the use of many organic solvents such as naptha, alcohol, etc. Vehicle Service and Care 9-75 Fabric/Carpet Use a vacuum cleaner with a soft brush attachment frequently to remove dust and loose dirt. A canister vacuum with a beater bar in the nozzle may only be used on ﬂoor carpet and carpeted ﬂoor mats. For soils, always try to remove them ﬁrst with plain water or club soda. Before cleaning, gently remove as much of the soil as possible using one of the following techniques: For liquids: gently blot the remaining soil with a paper towel. Allow the soil to absorb into the paper towel until no more can be removed. For solid dry soils: remove as much as possible and then vacuum. To clean, use the following instructions: 1. Saturate a lint-free, clean white cloth with water or club soda. 2. Wring the cloth to remove excess moisture. 3. Start on the outside edge of the soil and gently rub toward the center. Continue cleaning, using a clean area of the cloth each time it becomes soiled. 4. Continue to gently rub the soiled area until the cleaning cloth remains clean. 5. If the soil is not completely removed, use a mild soap solution and repeat the cleaning process that was used with plain water. If any of the soil remains, a commercial fabric cleaner or spot lifter may be necessary. When a commercial upholstery cleaner or spot lifter is to be used, test a small hidden area for colorfastness ﬁrst. If the locally cleaned area gives any impression that a ring formation may result, clean the entire surface. After the cleaning process has been completed, a paper towel can be used to blot excess moisture from the fabric or carpet. (cid:129) (cid:129) 9-76 Vehicle Service and Care Leather A soft cloth dampened with water can be used to remove dust. If a more thorough cleaning is necessary, a soft cloth dampened with a mild soap solution can be used. Allow the leather to dry naturally. Do not use heat to dry. Never use steam to clean leather. Never use spot lifters or spot removers on leather. Many commercial leather cleaners and coatings that are sold to preserve and protect leather may permanently change the appearance and feel of your leather and are not recommended. Do not use silicone or wax-based products, or those containing organic solvents to clean your vehicle’s interior because they can alter the appearance by increasing the gloss in a non-uniform manner. Never use shoe polish on leather. Instrument Panel, Vinyl, and Other Plastic Surfaces A soft cloth dampened with water may be used to remove dust. If a more thorough cleaning is necessary, a clean soft cloth dampened with a mild soap solution can be used to gently remove dust and dirt. Never use spot lifters or removers on plastic surfaces. Many commercial cleaners and coatings that are sold to preserve and protect soft plastic surfaces may permanently change the appearance and feel of your interior and are not recommended. Do not use silicone or wax-based products, or those containing organic solvents to clean your vehicle’s interior because they can alter the appearance by increasing the gloss in a non-uniform manner. Some commercial products may increase gloss on your instrument panel. The increase in gloss may cause annoying reﬂections in the windshield and even make it difficult to see through the windshield under certain conditions. Exterior Cleaning Cleaning Exterior Lamps/Lenses Use only lukewarm or cold water, a soft cloth and a car washing soap to clean exterior lamps and lenses. Follow instructions under “Washing Your Vehicle” later in this section. Finish Care Occasional waxing or mild polishing of your vehicle by hand may be necessary to remove residue from the paint ﬁnish. You can get approved cleaning products from your dealer/retailer. Vehicle Service and Care 9-77 If your vehicle has a basecoat/ clearcoat paint ﬁnish, the clearcoat gives more depth and gloss to the colored basecoat. Always use waxes and polishes that are non-abrasive and made for a basecoat/clearcoat paint ﬁnish. Notice: Machine compounding or aggressive polishing on a basecoat/clearcoat paint ﬁnish may damage it. Use only non-abrasive waxes and polishes that are made for a basecoat/clearcoat paint ﬁnish on the vehicle. Foreign materials such as calcium chloride and other salts, ice melting agents, road oil and tar, tree sap, bird droppings, chemicals from industrial chimneys, etc., can damage your vehicle’s ﬁnish if they remain on painted surfaces. Wash the vehicle as soon as possible. If necessary, use non-abrasive cleaners that are marked safe for painted surfaces to remove foreign matter. Exterior painted surfaces are subject to aging, weather and chemical fallout that can take their toll over a period of years. You can help to keep the paint ﬁnish looking new by keeping your vehicle garaged or covered whenever possible. Protecting Exterior Bright Metal Parts Bright metal parts should be cleaned regularly to keep their luster. Wash with water or use chrome polish on chrome or stainless steel trim, if necessary. Use special care with aluminum trim. To avoid damaging protective trim, never use auto or chrome polish, steam or caustic soap to clean aluminum. A coating of wax, rubbed to high polish, is recommended for all bright metal parts. Washing Your Vehicle The best way to preserve your vehicle’s ﬁnish is to keep it clean by washing it often. Do not wash the vehicle in direct sunlight. Use a car washing soap. Notice: Certain cleaners contain chemicals that can damage the emblems or nameplates on the vehicle. Check the cleaning product label. If it states that it should not be used on plastic parts, do not use it on the vehicle or damage may occur and it would not be covered by the warranty. Do not use cleaning agents that are petroleum based or that contain acid or abrasives, as they can damage the paint, metal or plastic on your vehicle. Approved cleaning products can be obtained from your dealer/retailer. Follow all manufacturers’ directions regarding correct product usage, necessary safety precautions and appropriate disposal of any vehicle care product. 9-78 Vehicle Service and Care Rinse the vehicle well, before washing and after to remove all cleaning agents completely. If they are allowed to dry on the surface, they could stain. Dry the ﬁnish with a soft, clean chamois or an all-cotton towel to avoid surface scratches and water spotting. High pressure car washes may cause water to enter the vehicle. Avoid using high pressure washes closer than 12 inches (30 cm) to the surface of the vehicle. Use of power washers exceeding 1,200 psi (8 274 kPa) can result in damage or removal of paint and decals. Weatherstrips Silicone grease on weatherstrips will make them last longer, seal better, and not stick or squeak. Apply silicone grease with a clean cloth. During very cold, damp weather frequent application may be required. See “Fluids and Lubricants” in the Index of the “Maintenance and Warranty and Owner assistance Information” manual. Wheels and Trim — Aluminum or Chrome Your vehicle may have either aluminum or chrome-plated wheels. Keep the wheels clean using a soft clean cloth with mild soap and water. Rinse with clean water. After rinsing thoroughly, dry with a soft clean towel. A wax may then be applied. Notice: Chrome wheels and other chrome trim may be damaged if the vehicle is not washed after driving on roads that have been sprayed with magnesium, calcium or sodium chloride. These chlorides are used on roads for conditions such as ice and dust. Always wash the vehicle’s chrome with soap and water after exposure. Notice: Using strong soaps, chemicals, abrasive polishes, cleaners, brushes, or cleaners that contain acid on aluminum or chrome-plated wheels, could damage the surface of the wheel(s). The repairs would not be covered by the warranty. Use only approved cleaners on aluminum or chrome-plated wheels. The surface of these wheels is similar to the painted surface of your vehicle. Do not use strong soaps, chemicals, abrasive polishes, abrasive cleaners, cleaners with acid, or abrasive cleaning brushes on them because you could damage the surface. Do not use chrome polish on aluminum wheels. Notice: Using chrome polish on aluminum wheels could damage the wheels. The repairs would not be covered by the warranty. Use chrome polish on chrome wheels only. Use chrome polish only on chrome-plated wheels, but avoid any painted surface of the wheel, and buff off immediately after application. Notice: Driving the vehicle through an automatic car wash that has silicone carbide tire cleaning brushes, could damage the aluminum or chrome-plated wheels. The repairs would not be covered by the warranty. Never drive a vehicle equipped with aluminum or chrome-plated wheels through an automatic car wash that uses silicone carbide tire cleaning brushes. Windshield and Wiper Blades Clean the outside of the windshield with glass cleaner. Clean the rubber blades using a lint free cloth or paper towel soaked with windshield washer ﬂuid or a mild detergent. Wash the windshield thoroughly when cleaning the blades. Vehicle Service and Care 9-79 Bugs, road grime, sap, and a buildup of vehicle wash/wax treatments may cause wiper streaking. Replace the wiper blades if they are worn or damaged. Wipers can be damaged by: (cid:129) Extreme dusty conditions (cid:129) Sand and salt (cid:129) Heat and sun (cid:129) Snow and ice, without proper removal Tires To clean the tires, use a stiff brush with tire cleaner. Notice: Using petroleum-based tire dressing products on the vehicle may damage the paint ﬁnish and/or tires. When applying a tire dressing, always wipe off any overspray from all painted surfaces on the vehicle. Sheet Metal Damage If the vehicle is damaged and requires sheet metal repair or replacement, make sure the body repair shop applies anti-corrosion material to parts repaired or replaced to restore corrosion protection. Original manufacturer replacement parts will provide the corrosion protection while maintaining the vehicle warranty. Finish Damage Any stone chips, fractures or deep scratches in the ﬁnish should be repaired right away. Bare metal will corrode quickly and may develop into major repair expense. Minor chips and scratches can be repaired with touch-up materials available from your dealer/retailer. Larger areas of ﬁnish damage can be corrected in your dealer’s/retailer’s body and paint shop. 9-80 Vehicle Service and Care Underbody Maintenance Chemicals used for ice and snow removal and dust control can collect on the underbody. If these are not removed, corrosion and rust can develop on the underbody parts such as fuel lines, frame, ﬂoor pan, and exhaust system even though they have corrosion protection. At least every spring, ﬂush these materials from the underbody with plain water. Clean any areas where mud and debris can collect. Dirt packed in close areas of the frame should be loosened before being ﬂushed. Your dealer/retailer or an underbody car washing system can do this. Chemical Paint Spotting Some weather and atmospheric conditions can create a chemical fallout. Airborne pollutants can fall upon and attack painted surfaces on the vehicle. This damage can take two forms: blotchy, ring-shaped discolorations, and small, irregular dark spots etched into the paint surface. Although no defect in the paint job causes this, we will repair, at no charge to the owner, the surfaces of new vehicles damaged by this fallout condition within 12 months or 12,000 miles (20 000 km) of purchase, whichever occurs ﬁrst. Technical Data 10-1 Service Parts Identiﬁcation Label This label is on the trunk ﬂoor. It is very helpful if parts need to be ordered. The label has the following information: (cid:129) Vehicle Identiﬁcation Number (VIN) (cid:129) Model designation (cid:129) Paint information (cid:129) Production options and special equipment Do not remove this label from the vehicle. Technical Data Vehicle Identiﬁcation Vehicle Identiﬁcation Number (VIN) ..................10-1 Service Parts Identiﬁcation Label ...........10-1 Capacities and Speciﬁcations Capacities and Speciﬁcations ..................10-2 Vehicle Identiﬁcation Vehicle Identiﬁcation Number (VIN) This is the legal identiﬁer for the vehicle. It appears on a plate in the front corner of the instrument panel, on the driver side. It can be seen through the windshield from outside the vehicle. The VIN also appears on the Vehicle Certiﬁcation and Service Parts labels and the certiﬁcates of title and registration. Engine Identiﬁcation The eighth character in the VIN is the engine code. This code helps identify the vehicle’s engine, speciﬁcations, and replacement parts. See “Engine Speciﬁcations” under Capacities and Speciﬁcations on page 10-2 for the vehicle’s engine code. 10-2 Technical Data Capacities and Speciﬁcations The following approximate capacities are given in English and metric conversions. See “Fluids and Lubricants” in the index of the “Limited Warranty, Maintenance and Owner Assistance Information” manual. Application English Metric Capacities Air Conditioning Refrigerant Cooling System Automatic Transmission Manual Transmission Engine Oil with Filter Fuel Tank For the air conditioning system refrigerant charge amount, see the refrigerant caution label located under the hood. See your dealer/retailer for more information. 6.2 qt 7.3 qt 4.8 qt 11.9 gal 5.9 L 6.9 L 4.5 L 45.0 L Application Transmission Fluid Automatic Transmission Manual Transmission Wheel Bolt Torque Technical Data 10-3 Capacities English 4.2 qt 1.6 qt 81 lb ft Metric 4.0 L 1.5 L 110 Y All capacities are approximate. When adding, be sure to ﬁll to the approximate level, as recommended in this manual. Engine 1.8L L4 VIN Code Transmission Automatic Manual Spark Plug Gap 0.035 in (0.90 mm) Engine Speciﬁcations 10-4 Technical Data ✍ NOTES Service and Maintenance 11-1 At Least Once a Month ...11-10 At Least Once a Year .....11-10 Recommended Fluids and Lubricants ...............11-12 Maintenance Replacement Parts ........11-14 Engine Drive Belt Routing ..........................11-15 Maintenance Record ........11-16 Service and Maintenance Service and Maintenance Introduction .......................11-1 Maintenance Requirements ..................11-1 Your Vehicle and the Environment ....................11-2 Using the Maintenance Schedule .........................11-2 Scheduled Maintenance ....11-3 Additional Required Services ..........................11-6 Maintenance Footnotes .....11-8 Owner Checks and Services ..........................11-9 At Each Fuel Fill ...............11-9 Service and Maintenance Introduction Important: Keep engine oil at the proper level and change as recommended. Maintenance Requirements Notice: Maintenance intervals, checks, inspections, replacement parts, and recommended ﬂuids and lubricants as prescribed in this manual are necessary to keep this vehicle in good working condition. Any damage caused by failure to follow scheduled maintenance might not be covered by the vehicle warranty. 11-2 Service and Maintenance Your Vehicle and the Environment Proper vehicle maintenance not only helps to keep the vehicle in good working condition, but also helps the environment. All recommended maintenance is important. Improper vehicle maintenance can even affect the quality of the air we breathe. Improper ﬂuid levels or the wrong tire inﬂation can increase the level of emissions from the vehicle. To help protect the environment, and to keep the vehicle in good condition, be sure to maintain the vehicle properly. Using the Maintenance Schedule We want to help keep this vehicle in good working condition. But we do not know exactly how you will drive it. You might drive very short distances only a few times a week. Or you might drive long distances all the time in very hot, dusty weather. You might use the vehicle in making deliveries. Or you might drive it to work, to do errands, or in many other ways. Because of all the different ways people use their vehicles, maintenance needs vary. You might need more frequent checks and replacements. So please read the following and note how you drive. If you have any questions on how to keep the vehicle in good condition, see your dealer/retailer. This schedule is for vehicles that: carry passengers and cargo within recommended limits on the Tire and Loading Information label. See Loading the Vehicle on page 8-30. are driven on reasonable road surfaces within legal driving limits. use the recommended fuel. See Gasoline Octane on page 8-34. The services in Scheduled Maintenance on page 11-3 should be performed when indicated. See Additional Required Services on page 11-6 and Maintenance Footnotes on page 11-8 for further information. (cid:129) (cid:129) (cid:129) Service and Maintenance 11-3 To purchase service information, see Service Publications Ordering Information on page 12-15. Owner Checks and Services on page 11-9 tells what should be checked, when to check it, and what can easily be done to help keep the vehicle in good condition. The proper replacement parts, ﬂuids, and lubricants to use are listed in Recommended Fluids and Lubricants on page 11-12 and Maintenance Replacement Parts on page 11-14. When the vehicle is serviced, make sure these are used. All parts should be replaced and all necessary repairs done before you or anyone else drives the vehicle. We recommend the use of genuine parts from your dealer/retailer. Scheduled Maintenance When the letters InSP appear in the odometer display, service is required for the vehicle. Have the vehicle serviced as soon as possible within the mileage indicated on the display. The engine oil and ﬁlter must be changed at least once a year and at this time the system must be reset. Your dealer/retailer has trained service technicians who will perform this work using genuine parts and reset the system. If the engine oil life system is ever reset accidentally, service the vehicle within 3,000 miles (5 000 km) since the last service. Remember to reset the oil life system whenever the oil is changed. See Engine Oil Life System on page 9-9 for information on the oil life system and resetting the system. { CAUTION Performing maintenance work on a vehicle can be dangerous. In trying to do some jobs, you can be seriously injured. Do your own maintenance work only if you have the required know-how and the proper tools and equipment for the job. If you have any doubt, see your dealer/retailer to have a qualiﬁed technician do the work. See Doing Your Own Service Work on page 9-4. Some maintenance services can be complex. So, unless you are technically qualiﬁed and have the necessary equipment, have your dealer/retailer do these jobs. When you go to your dealer/retailer for service, trained and supported service technicians will perform the work using genuine parts. 11-4 Service and Maintenance When InSP appears, certain services, checks, and inspections are required. Required services are described in the following for “Maintenance I” and “Maintenance II.” Generally, it is recommended that the ﬁrst service be Maintenance I, the second service be Maintenance II, and then alternate Maintenance I and Maintenance II thereafter. However, in some cases, Maintenance II might be required more often. Maintenance I — Use Maintenance I if InSP displays within 10 months since the vehicle was purchased or Maintenance II was performed. Maintenance II — Use Maintenance II if the previous service performed was Maintenance I. Always use Maintenance II whenever the letters InSP display 10 months or more since the last service or if InSP has not come on at all for one year. Scheduled Maintenance Service Maintenance I Maintenance II Change engine oil and ﬁlter. See Engine Oil on page 9-7. Reset oil life system. See Engine Oil Life System on page 9-9. An Emission Control Service. Visually check for any leaks or damage. See footnote (a). Inspect engine air cleaner ﬁlter. If necessary, replace ﬁlter. See Engine Air Cleaner/Filter on page 9-11. See footnote (b). Rotate tires and check inﬂation pressures and wear. See Tire Inspection and Rotation on page 9-52 and “Tire Wear Inspection” in At Least Once a Month on page 11-10. • • • • • • • Service and Maintenance 11-5 Scheduled Maintenance (cont’d) Service Maintenance I Maintenance II Inspect brake system. See footnote (c). Check engine coolant and windshield washer ﬂuid levels and add ﬂuid as needed. Perform any needed additional services. See Additional Required Services on page 11-6. Inspect suspension and steering components. See footnote (d). • • • Inspect engine cooling system. See footnote (e). Inspect wiper blades. See footnote (f). Inspect restraint system components. See footnote (g). Lubricate body components. See footnote (h). • • • • • • • • 11-6 Service and Maintenance Additional Required Services The following services should be performed at the ﬁrst maintenance service (I or II) after the indicated miles (kilometers) shown for each item. Service and Miles (Kilometers) Additional Required Services 75,000 25,000 (40 000) 50,000 (80 000) (120 000) 100,000 (160 000) 125,000 (200 000) 150,000 (240 000) Inspect fuel system for damage or leaks. Inspect exhaust system for loose or damaged components. Replace engine air cleaner ﬁlter. See Engine Air Cleaner/Filter on page 9-11. Replace passenger compartment air ﬁlter. Change automatic transmission ﬂuid (severe service). See footnote (i). Change automatic transmission ﬂuid (normal service). Replace spark plugs. An Emission Control Service. Not to exceed 35,000 miles (56 000 km). • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • Service and Miles (Kilometers) 25,000 (40 000) 50,000 (80 000) 75,000 (120 000) 100,000 (160 000) 125,000 (200 000) 150,000 (240 000) Additional Required Services (cont’d) Service and Maintenance 11-7 Engine cooling system service (or every ﬁve years, whichever occurs ﬁrst). An Emission Control Service. See footnote (j). Solid lifter tappet adjustment (or every 10 years, whichever occurs ﬁrst). See footnote (m). Not to exceed 90,000 miles (144 000 km). Replace timing belt and tensioner (or every 10 years, whichever occurs ﬁrst). See footnote (m). Not to exceed 100,000 miles (160 000 km). Inspect engine accessory drive belt (or every two years, whichever occurs ﬁrst). An Emission Control Service. See footnote (k). Not to exceed 36,000 miles (58 000 km). Change brake and clutch hydraulic ﬂuid at a regular maintenance service every two years. See footnote (l). • • • • • • • • • • • 11-8 Service and Maintenance Maintenance Footnotes (a) A ﬂuid loss in any vehicle system could indicate a problem. Have the system inspected and repaired and the ﬂuid level checked. Add ﬂuid if needed. (b) If driving regularly under dusty conditions or in high-polluted regions, replace the ﬁlter at each engine oil change. (c) Inspect brake lines and hoses for proper hook-up, binding, leaks, cracks, chaﬁng, etc. Inspect disc brake pads for wear and rotors for surface condition. Inspect other brake parts, including calipers, parking brake, etc. (d) Inspect front and rear suspension and steering system for damaged, loose, or missing parts or signs of wear. Inspect power steering cables for proper hook-up, binding, cracks, chaﬁng, etc. Inspect power steering hydraulic lines and hoses for proper hook-up, binding, leaks, cracks, chaﬁng, etc. (e) Inspect hoses and have them replaced if they are cracked, swollen, or deteriorated. Inspect all pipes, ﬁttings and clamps; replace with genuine parts as needed. To help ensure proper operation, a pressure test of the cooling system and pressure cap and cleaning the outside of the radiator and air conditioning condenser is recommended at least once a year. (f) Inspect wiper blades for wear, cracking, or contamination. Clean the windshield and wiper blades, if contaminated. Replace wiper blades that are worn or damaged. See Windshield Wiper Blade Replacement on page 9-21 and “Windshield and Wiper Blades” in Exterior Cleaning on page 9-76. (g) Make sure the safety belt reminder light and safety belt assemblies are working properly. Look for any other loose or damaged safety belt system parts. If you see anything that might keep a safety belt system from doing its job, have it repaired. Have any torn or frayed safety belts replaced. Also see Airbag System Check on page 1-37. (h) Lubricate all key lock cylinders, door hinges and latches, hood hinges and latches, and trunk lid hinges and latches. More frequent

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2009 Saturn Astra Owners Manual