2007 Saab 9 3 Owners Manual

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observed: 93_U S_M 07.book Page 156 W ednesday, A pril 12, 2006 9:30 A M 156 Starting and driving (cid:129) Have the car serviced regularly in accor- dance with the service program. (cid:129) Always be alert to any misfiring of the engine (not running on all cylinders) and any loss of power or performance. At the first sign of a malfunction, reduce speed and take the car to a workshop. We recommend that you contact a Saab dealer. (cid:129) If the engine fails to start (in severe cold or if the battery is flat), the car can be bump started (manual transmission only) or started using jump leads to a donor battery. However, as soon as you have started the engine, it is important that it runs on all cylinders. If it is misfiring, allow it to idle for up to 5 minutes to give it time to settle and run smoothly. If, after this time, the engine still fails to run properly, switch off the engine to avoid serious damage to the catalytic converter. We recommend that you contact a Saab dealer for advice. (cid:129) Never park the car on dry grass or other combustible material. The catalytic converter gets very hot and could there- fore start a fire. (cid:129) Never drive off if the engine is misfiring. (cid:129) If you bump start the car when the engine is already at normal working temperature, the engine must start to run on all cylin- ders. Abort bump starting if the engine fails to start immediately. Failure to strictly follow these instructions can result in damage to the catalytic con- verter and associated components, and could represent a breach of the warranty conditions. NOTICE If the car runs out of gas, air may be drawn in with the fuel, which, in turn, can cause the catalytic converter to be damaged by overheating. WARNING If the engine is being run with the car on a rolling road or dynamometer, to ensure adequate cooling, air must be blown into the engine compartment and under the car at a rate equivalent to the ram-air effect that would obtain at the corre- sponding road speed. Engine management system with catalytic converter 1 Engine control module 2 Oxygen sensor 3 Catalytic converter 93_U S_M 07.book Page 157 W ednesday, A pril 12, 2006 9:30 A M Refueling WARNING If you spill fuel and then something ignites it, you could be badly burned. Fuel can spray out on you if you open the fuel cap too quickly. This spray can happen if your tank is nearly full, and is more likely in hot weather. Open the fuel cap slowly and wait for any “hiss” noise to stop. Then unscrew the cap all the way. Gasoline fumes are highly explosive. Therefore: (cid:129) never smoke while refueling. (cid:129) never use gasoline for any purpose other than as engine fuel. (cid:129) gasoline is extremely flammable and can cause severe burns. No open or exposed flames near gasoline. (cid:129) do not use a mobile phone at the same time as refueling. If a fire starts while you are refueling, do not remove the nozzle. Shut off the flow of fuel by shutting off the pump or by notify- ing the station attendant. Leave the area immediately. Starting and driving 157 NOTICE NOTICE (cid:129) Do not overfill. Fuel should not come right up the filler pipe as room for expansion is needed for when the temperature rises. (cid:129) The use of fuel with too low an octane rating can cause serious engine damage. (cid:129) Clean fuel from painted surfaces as soon as possible. The engine control module (ECM) moni- toring the engine parameters also stores fault codes. Under certain circumstances, this may cause constant illumination of the Engine malfunction (CHECK ENGINE) lamp , thus indicating a fault that must be checked by your Saab dealer, see page 83. NOTE: always observe the following two measures: (cid:129) Make sure that the fuel filler cap is screwed on correctly before the engine is started. Screw on the fuel filler cap until you hear a distinct click. (cid:129) Avoid driving with the fuel low level indicator illuminated. The symbol illu- minates when less than approximately 2.5 gallons (10 litres) of fuel remains in the tank. 93_U S_M 07.book Page 158 W ednesday, A pril 12, 2006 9:30 A M 158 Starting and driving Refueling WARNING If a fire starts while you are refueling, do not remove the nozzle. Shut off the flow of fuel by shutting off the pump or by notify- ing the station attendant. Leave the area immediately. 1 Switch off the engine. 2 Open the filler cap, located in the right- hand rear fender. 3 Insert the fuel pump nozzle beyond the flange on the filler pipe and let the first mark (a ring, a pimple or the first spring- coil) rest on the flange. Do not withdraw the nozzle while filling is in progress. 4 Cease refueling the first time the pump stops, and wait a few seconds after you´ve finished pumping before you remove the nozzle. NOTICE Do not overfill. Fuel should not come right up the filler pipe as expansion room is needed when the temperature rises. (cid:129) Fill to maximum filling capacity. (cid:129) Stop filling after the first time that the nozzle trips to shut off the flow of fuel. (cid:129) Filling capacity can differ between different fuel stations and outside temperature. Fuel tank volume when nozzle trips to shut off, may vary by 0.5 gal. (2 liters). (cid:129) Do not fill fuel all the way up the filler pipe. The gasoline must be allowed room for expansion especially during hot weather. Filler cap Filler cap To remove the filler cap, turn it slowly to the left (counterclockwise). The filler cap has a spring in it; if you let go of the cap too soon, it will spring back to the right. When you put the filler cap back on, turn it to the right (clockwise) until you hear three clicks. Make sure you fully install the cap. The most effective way to prevent conden- sation forming in the tank (and thus avoid possible running problems) is to keep the tank full. Refer to page 185 for information regarding gasoline anti-freeze. 93_U S_M 07.book Page 159 W ednesday, A pril 12, 2006 9:30 A M Filling a portable fuel container Fuel (Gasoline Engine) Starting and driving 159 WARNING Never fill a portable fuel container while it is in your vehicle. Static electricity discharge from the container can ignite the gasoline vapor. You can be badly burned and your vehicle damaged if this occurs. To help avoid injury to you and others: (cid:129) Dispense gasoline only into approved containers. (cid:129) Do not fill a container while it is inside a vehicle, in a vehicle’s trunk, pickup bed or on any surface other than the ground. (cid:129) Bring the fill nozzle in contact with the inside of the fill opening before operat- ing the nozzle. Contact should be maintained until the filling is complete. (cid:129) Do not smoke while pumping gaso- line. Fuel Use of the recommended fuel is an impor- tant part of the proper maintenance of your vehicle. For optimum performance Saab recom- mends: (cid:129) Gasoline engines – AON 90. Gasoline Octane Use regular unleaded gasoline with a posted octane of 87 or higher. If the octane is less than 87, you may get a heavy knock- ing noise when you drive. If this occurs, use a gasoline rated at 87 octane or higher as soon as possible. Otherwise, you might damage your engine. A little pinging noise when you accelerate or drive uphill is con- sidered normal. This does not indicate a problem exists or that a higher-octane fuel is necessary. If you are using 87 octane or higher-octane fuel and hear heavy knock- ing, your engine needs service. When refueling, hang the filler cap inside the fuel door The fuel door has a built in filler cap holder slot located on the fuel door. Slide the white ring on the cap into the slot. Notice: If you need a new fuel cap, be sure to get the right type. Your dealer can get one for you. If you get the wrong type, it may not fit properly. 93_U S_M 07.book Page 160 W ednesday, A pril 12, 2006 9:30 A M 160 Starting and driving Gasoline Specifications It is recommended that gasoline meet spec- ifications which were developed by automo- bile manufacturers around the world and contained in the World-Wide Fuel Charter which is available from the Alliance of Auto- mobile Manufacturers at www.autoalli- ance.org/fuel_charter.htm. Gasoline meet- ing these specifications could provide improved driveability and emission control system performance compared to other gasoline. California Fuel If your vehicle is certified to meet California Emission Standards (see the underhood emission control label), it is designed to operate on fuels that meet California speci- fications. If this fuel is not available in states adopting California emissions standards, your vehicle will operate satisfactorily on fuels meeting federal specifications, but emission control system performance may be affected. The malfunction indicator lamp may turn on and your vehicle may fail a smog-check test. See Engine malfunction (CHECK ENGINE) on page 83. If this occurs, return to your authorized Saab dealer for diagnosis. If it is determined that the condition is caused by the type of fuel used, repairs may not be covered by your warranty. Additives To provide cleaner air, all gasolines in the United States are now required to contain additives that will help prevent engine and fuel system deposits from forming, allowing your emission control system to work prop- erly. You should not have to add anything to your fuel. However, some gasolines contain only the minimum amount of additive required to meet U.S. Environmental Pro- tection Agency regulations. Saab recom- mends that you buy gasolines that are advertised to help keep fuel injectors and intake valves clean. If your vehicle experi- ences problems due to dirty injectors or valves, try a different brand of gasoline. Gasolines containing oxygenates, such as ethers and ethanol, and reformulated gaso- lines may be available in your area to con- tribute to clean air. Saab recommends that you use these gasolines, particularly if they comply with the specifications described earlier. Notice: Your vehicle was not designed for fuel that contains methanol. Do not use fuel containing methanol. It can cor- rode metal parts in your fuel system and also damage the plastic and rubber parts. That damage would not be cov- ered under your warranty. Some gasolines that are not reformulated for low emissions may contain an octane- enhancing additive called methylcyclopen- tadienyl manganese tricarbonyl (MMT); ask the attendant where you buy gasoline 93_U S_M 07.book Page 161 W ednesday, A pril 12, 2006 9:30 A M Engine Break-in Period Pistons, cylinder bores and bearings need time to obtain uniform, wear-resistant surfaces. If a new engine is driven too hard, this grad- ual process of bedding-in will not be possi- ble and the life of the engine will be short- ened. During the first 1,200 miles (2,000 km), do not exceed 5,000 rpm. In addition, refrain from driving the car at full throttle, other than for brief instances, during the first 1,800 miles (3,000 km). whether the fuel contains MMT. Saab does not recommend the use of such gasolines. Fuels containing MMT can reduce the life of spark plugs and the performance of the emission control system may be affected. The malfunction indicator lamp may turn on. If this occurs, return to your authorized Saab dealer for service. Fuels in Foreign Countries If you plan on driving in another country out- side the United States or Canada, the proper fuel may be hard to find. Never use leaded gasoline or any other fuel not recom- mended in the previous text on fuel. Costly repairs caused by use of improper fuel would not be covered by your warranty. To check the fuel availability, ask an auto club, or contact a major oil company that does business in the country where you will be driving. Starting and driving 161 Wearing in new brake pads New brake pads take time to bed in, about 90 miles (150 km) if the car is driven largely under stop-and-go conditions or about 300 miles (500 km) of highway driving. To extend the useful life of the pads, avoid hard braking as much as possible. 93_U S_M 07.book Page 162 W ednesday, A pril 12, 2006 9:30 A M 162 Starting and driving Manual transmission Clutch interlock To start the car, the clutch pedal must be depressed. When changing gear, fully depress the clutch pedal and then release it smoothly. It is inadvisable to drive with your hand resting on the gear lever, as this can increase the wear on the gearbox. Before reverse (R) can be engaged, you must lift the ring underneath the gear knob. NOTICE When reverse gear is to be engaged, the car must be at a standstill with the accelerator fully released. Gear positions, 5-speed Gear positions, 6-speed 93_U S_M 07.book Page 163 W ednesday, A pril 12, 2006 9:30 A M Starting and driving 163 Indication of gear position on main instrument panel The engine can only be started when the selector lever is in the P or N position. When the car is stationary, the engine must be idling when you move the selector lever from one position to another. If not, the transmission could be damaged. NOTICE After selecting a drive position, pause briefly to allow the gear to engage (the car starts to pull a little) before you acceler- ate. Selector lever 1 Position for manual gear selection The remote control can only be removed when the selector lever is in the P position. Automatic transmission 3 WARNING (cid:129) Depress the brake pedal when shifting the selector lever from P or N. (cid:129) The car must be at a standstill before P, R or N is selected. You have to have your foot on the brake pedal to move the lever out of P. If the car is still moving when a drive position is subse- quently selected, this could cause a crash or damage the automatic trans- mission. (cid:129) Never park the car with the selector lever in a drive position, even if the parking brake is on. (cid:129) If you want to leave the car with the engine running, move the selector lever to P or N and apply the parking brake. The automatic transmission has an elec- tronic control module. The control module receives information including accelerator position and road speed. Using this and other information, it controls the hydraulic pressure of the transmission to ensure that gear changing is as smooth as possible. 93_U S_M 07.book Page 164 W ednesday, A pril 12, 2006 9:30 A M 164 Starting and driving Adaptive gear change patterns The adaptive gear change pattern function adapts gear changing to the prevailing driv- ing conditions. The transmission control module senses the engine load, vehicle speed and temperature of the transmission. A suitable gear change pattern is then selected automatically to avoid unneces- sary gear changes and undesired increases in transmission temperature. Certain variants use a special change pat- tern for the first few minutes after a cold start so that the catalytic converter reaches its working temperature more quickly. Thermal transmission protection The transmission has built-in protection against overheating. If the temperature of the transmission fluid exceeds 302°F (150°C), engine torque will be limited to 147 ft.lbs. (200 Nm). The following message is shown on the SID: Gearbox too hot. Make a safe stop. Open hood. If this message appears, stop the car as soon as it is safe to do so and allow the engine to idle until the message has gone out. The selector lever should be in position P. Lock-up The transmission’s torque converter has a lock-up function. This can lock the torque converter, thus reducing the engine speed and fuel consumption. Kick-down When the accelerator is pressed down fully, a down change is made to optimize acceler- ation, e.g. for overtaking. Following this, the next higher gear will be selected at the optimum engine speed, unless you ease off the accelerator before reaching this. Selector lever detent Park Brake Shift Lock The transmission has a security function known as Park Brake Shift Lock. To move the gear selector lever out of the P or N posi- tion, the gear selector lever detent (catch) must be pressed in at the same time as the brake pedal is held depressed. The detent button on the selector lever has to be pressed in before the lever can be moved between certain positions. Temporary override of Park Brake Shift Lock, see page 166. 93_U S_M 07.book Page 165 W ednesday, A pril 12, 2006 9:30 A M Towing Towing of cars with automatic transmission, see page 195. Descending hills If the speed of the car increases while descending a steep hill, despite the acceler- ator being released, the control module will change down. If you desire more powerful engine braking, manually select a lower gear (see page 168). Starting and driving 165 Limp-home NOTICE Do not tow a trailer if limp-home mode is engaged. If the transmission malfunctions, the control module will activate limp-home mode. Driv- ability will be affected to varying degrees. The following message is shown on the SID: Gearbox malfunction. Limited performance. Driving in hilly country with a heavy load The transmission fluid can overheat when the gearbox is strained, for example, when driving with a trailer on hilly roads. To avoid the transmission fluid overheating, always drive with the selector lever in the D posi- tion. The adaptive gear change patterns are then active. High air temperatures or a faulty oil cooler can also cause the transmission fluid to overheat. Overheating reduces the service life of the fluid. WARNING Remember to use the braking effect of the engine (1st, 2nd or 3rd gear) when you are descending long or steep hills to spare the brakes. Overheating can cause the brakes to fade! 93_U S_M 07.book Page 166 W ednesday, A pril 12, 2006 9:30 A M 166 Starting and driving Cars with 5-speed transmission In this mode, only 2nd and 5th gears are available. Select 2nd gear when driving at low speeds and 5th gear at higher speeds. 2nd gear must be selected manually. Select 5th gear manually or move the selector lever to D, see page 168. Cars with 6-speed transmission 3 (cid:129) The car may be totally powerless. If this is case, have the car transported to a work- shop to have the problem rectified. (cid:129) The car may feel weak but can be driven carefully to a workshop to have the prob- lem rectified. (cid:129) Drivability may barely be affected. Irrespective of the drivability of the car, the car must be taken to a workshop to have the problem checked and rectified. Temporary override of Park Brake Shift Lock NOTICE Due to electrical problems it may not be possible to move the selector lever out of the park position, even if the ignition is ON. If for some reason the selector lever has to be moved out of the park position (i.e. to tow the car a short distance) do as described below. 1 Apply the parking brake. 2 Lift up the rubber mat in the storage compartment ahead of the selector lever. 3 Under the floor of the storage compart- ment is a yellow plastic lever. Use a thin tool, such as a screwdriver, to press and hold the plastic lever while moving the selector lever from P to N. 4 Remove the tool. 5 Release the parking brake if the car is to be moved immediately, otherwise it should remain on. Check fuse 6 in the engine bay fuse box. If the fuse is OK the battery may be dead. Contact a workshop to have the problem checked and rectified. We recommend that you contact a Saab dealer. Temporary override of Park Brake Shift Lock 93_U S_M 07.book Page 167 W ednesday, A pril 12, 2006 9:30 A M Selector lever positions The selector lever is locked and the transmission is mechanically blocked. The engine can be started. To move the selector lever out of the P position, depress the brake pedal and press in the detent (catch) on the selector lever. Only select the park position (P) when the car is stationary. Only select the reverse position (R) when the car stationary. The detent release button must be pressed before the selector lever can be moved to R. Wait until reverse gear has engaged before touching the accelerator. Starting and driving 167 You must press the brake pedal to move the selector lever from the neutral position (N). In neutral, the transmission is disengaged from the engine. The engine can be started but make sure the parking brake is on to prevent unexpected movement. To prevent the engine and transmission becoming hotter than necessary, select N for long stops with the engine running, e.g. when stuck in a traffic jam. At traffic lights, leave the selector lever in the drive position (D). The drive position (D) is the normal one for forward driving. The transmission shifts automatically between all gears from 1st to 5th or 6th, the timing of which depends on factors such as the current accelerator position and the speed of the car. Pause for a moment before applying the acce- lerator, to allow the gears to engage. 93_U S_M 07.book Page 168 W ednesday, A pril 12, 2006 9:30 A M 168 Starting and driving Sentronic, manual gear selection Move the selector lever to the manual position (M) (to the left position D) to select gear manually. Select a higher gear by pressing the selector lever forward or a lower gear by pulling it back. The selector lever will return to a position adjacent to the letter M after each gear change. An example of when you may wish to make manual gear changes is when overtaking, to enable you to remain in a low gear for an extended period of time. If the road surface is slippery, you may wish to start off in 2nd or 3rd to reduce the risk of wheel spin. When descending steep hills you should select a low gear to increase the braking effect of the engine and thus spare the brakes. Steering wheel controls for manual gear selection3 Manual gear selections are displayed on the main instrument panel. The letter M and the current gear are displayed. When the selector lever is in the M position, as opposed to the D position, the engine is much more responsive to changes in accel- erator position. The accelerator has a different feel. When changing down, the desired gear can be selected but the transmission will not change down until the engine speed is low enough to avoid overrevving. Certain variants also have steering wheel controls for manual gear selection. On these models, it is possible to change gear manually using the selector lever and the steering wheel controls. The steer- ing wheel controls are only active when the selector lever is in the M position. Select a higher gear by pressing the right-hand button and a lower gear by pressing the left-hand button. 93_U S_M 07.book Page 169 W ednesday, A pril 12, 2006 9:30 A M Cruise control (Cruise control system) WARNING Do not use the cruise control system in wet or icy conditions, in dense traffic or on winding roads. For safety reasons (brake system func- tion), the brakes must be applied once when the engine has started, before the cruise control system can be activated. The following message is shown on the SID: Tap brakes lightly before using cruise ctrl. Cruise control switches The system has the following functions: 1 ON: engaged 2 OFF: disengaged 3 SET/+: sets the speed and increases the set speed 4 SET/ –: sets the speed and decreases the set speed 5 RESUME: re-engages the system at the set speed The CRUISE indicator light in the main instrument panel comes on when the switch is slid to ON. If you switch off the engine while the cruise control is ON, the system will be ON the next time the engine is started. Starting and driving 169 To set the desired speed 1 Slide the switch to ON. 2 Move the thumbwheel up to SET/+ or SET/– when the car has reached the desired speed (above 15 mph (25 km/ h)). To increase the preset speed You can increase the speed in any of the following ways: (cid:129) Accelerate to the desired speed. Jog the control to SET/+ or SET/–. (cid:129) Jog the control to SET/+ to increase the speed by 1 mph (1.6 km/h) (when cruise control already engaged). (cid:129) Hold the control in the SET/+ position until the desired speed is reached (when cruise control already engaged). 93_U S_M 07.book Page 170 W ednesday, A pril 12, 2006 9:30 A M 170 Starting and driving To reduce the preset speed You can reduce speed in any of the follow- ing ways: (cid:129) Brake to the desired speed. Jog the control to SET/+ or SET/–. (cid:129) Jog the control to SET/– to reduce the speed by 1 mph (1.6 km/h). (cid:129) Hold the control in the SET/– position until the desired speed is reached. Temporary increase in speed Accelerate, without shifting down (manual transmission), to exceed the set speed such as for overtaking. When you release the accelerator, the car will return to the set speed. To disengage the system temporarily Slide the switch to the left towards OFF, but only as far as to disengage the cruise con- trol. Allow the switch to spring back. To re-engage the system Slide the switch to RESUME. The car will return to the previously set speed. Vehicle speed must exceed 15 mph (25 km/h). To disengage the system The system will be disengaged: (cid:129) As soon as the brake or clutch pedal is depressed (cars with manual transmis- sion). (cid:129) When the switch is slid towards OFF. See also heading "To disengage the system temporarily". (cid:129) When the switch is slid to OFF. (cid:129) When the TCS/ESP® system is opera- tive. (cid:129) When position N is selected (cars with automatic transmission). Braking It is good practice to try your brakes period- ically while driving. This is particularly important when driving in heavy rain, on roads with a lot of surface water, in snow or in salty slush. In such conditions a slight delay in the braking effect may be noticed. To minimize this delay, dry the brakes by applying them lightly now and again. This should also be done after the car has been washed, and in extremely damp weather. To avoid the brakes becoming overheated, such as when negotiating long descents with a drop of several hundred yards (hun- dred metres), select a low gear to utilize the braking effect of the engine. If the car has automatic transmission, select 1st or 2nd gear. You can help to prolong the life of the brakes by thinking ahead and braking harder over short periods, rather than braking more moderately over long stretches. Starting and driving 171 The brake system provides Electronic Brakeforce Distribution (EBD). This distri- butes the brake pressure between the front and rear wheels, in such a way as to achieve optimum braking performance irrespective of the car’s speed or load. The ABS has a built-in diagnostics function which will switch on the ABS warning light if a fault is detected in the system (see page 82). The following message will appear on the SID (and corresponding symbol on main instrument unit) if a fault is detected: Antilock brake malfunc. Contact service. 93_U S_M 07.book Page 171 W ednesday, A pril 12, 2006 9:30 A M WARNING (cid:129) It is prudent to try your brakes from time to time, especially when driving in heavy rain, through water collected on the road, in snow, on a wet road surface or in salty slush. In such condi- tions, the brakes may take longer than normal to take effect. To rectify this, touch the brake pedal periodically to dry the brakes out. (cid:129) The same applies after the car has been washed or when the weather is very humid. (cid:129) Avoid parking the car with wet brakes. Before parking, and if the traffic condi- tions allow, brake quite heavily so that the brake discs and pads warm up and dry. (cid:129) The brakes are power assisted and it should be kept in mind that the servo unit only provides the power assis- tance when the engine is running. (cid:129) The brake pressure required when the engine is off, (e.g. when the car is being towed) is roughly four times the normal pedal force required. The pedal also feels hard and unrespon- sive. (cid:129) Overheating can cause the brakes to fade! ABS brakes WARNING (cid:129) The additional safety afforded by the ABS system is not designed to allow drivers to drive faster but to make normal driving safer. (cid:129) To stop as quickly as possible, without loss of directional stability, whether the road surface is dry, wet or slippery, press the brake pedal down hard without letting up (do not pump the pedal), declutching simulta- neously, and steer the car to safety. The Antilock Braking System (ABS) modu- lates the brake pressure to each wheel. The pressure is automatically reduced just before the wheel locks up and then increases again to the point at which the wheel is just about to lock. The wheel sen- sors send information to the brake system’s electronic control module for every 4 or so inches (decimetre) that the car rolls. This information is processed continuously to ensure that the adjustment of the brake pressure will be as exact as possible. Adjustment takes place up to 12 times per second. 93_U S_M 07.book Page 172 W ednesday, A pril 12, 2006 9:30 A M 172 Starting and driving The ABS system will not reduce the braking distance on loose gravel, snow or ice but, because the wheels cannot lock up, steer- ing control is retained. When the ABS system operates you will feel the brake pedal pulsate and hear a ticking noise, both of which are perfectly normal. Apply the brake pedal with full force (you cannot press too hard), declutch and if nec- essary steer to safety. Do not release the brake pedal before the car has come to a halt or the danger is past! The above is critical. If the road is slippery, the ABS system will operate even when only light pressure is applied to the brake pedal. This means that the driver can brake gently to test the condi- tion of the road and adapt their driving accordingly. It is well worth practising the use of ABS brakes on a skid pan or other suitable facility. Braking with ABS brakes. Indication that the system is operating: pulsating brake pedal and ticking noise Braking with ABS – evasive steering Starting and driving 173 TCS OFF lights up if: (cid:129) a fault has been detected and the system has therefore been switched off (cid:129) there is a fault in the ABS system (cid:129) the system has been switched off manually. 93_U S_M 07.book Page 173 W ednesday, A pril 12, 2006 9:30 A M Traction Control System (TCS) Anti-spin system WARNING When driving normally, the TCS system helps to improve the car’s directional stability. The TCS must not be regarded as a system to enable the driver to main- tain higher speeds. The same precau- tions must be adopted as normal for safe cornering and driving on slippery roads. How the system works The Traction Control System (TCS) is designed to prevent wheelspin. This enables the car to achieve the best possible grip and, hence, maximum tractive effort, together with greater stability. The TCS uses information from the ABS wheel sensors to detect when the front (driv- ing) wheels are rotating faster then the rear wheels. If the two front wheels are rotating faster than the rear wheels, the torque from the engine is reduced to eliminate the differ- ence. The process continues until all the wheels are rotating at the same speed. The advantages of the TCS become most apparent when the cohesion between the front wheels and the road surface is so low that one or both of the wheels would lose their grip were the car not equipped with the TCS, e.g.: (cid:129) When the car is pulling away or accelerat- ing with the front wheels on different surfaces (e.g. one slippery and one dry), the TCS functions like an electronic differ- ential lock, making sure that both wheels rotate at the same speed. The system also functions when the car is reversing. (cid:129) When cornering, if the inside front wheel rotates faster than the other wheels. 93_U S_M 07.book Page 174 W ednesday, A pril 12, 2006 9:30 A M 174 Starting and driving Turning the TCS off The TCS is switched on automatically when the engine is started. You can switch the system off manually with the TCS button , whereupon the light will come on. The TCS cannot be switched off if the car is travelling faster than 35 mph (60 km/h). It may be necessary to switch off the system if the car has become bogged down, for instance. Press TCS to switch it on again. If a fault is detected in the ABS, the TCS will be switched off automatically. The following message is shown on the SID: Traction control failure. Contact service. The cruise control system (if active) will automatically be disengaged if the TCS is operative. TCS button TCS indicator When the remote control is turned to the ON position, the lamp is lit for about 4 seconds while the system performs self-diagnosis. The light comes on when the TCS is operative, that is when one of the wheels has lost its grip. The fact that the TCS is operative indicates that the limit for grip has been exceeded and that the driver must exercise greater care. 93_U S_M 07.book Page 175 W ednesday, A pril 12, 2006 9:30 A M Electronic Stability Program (ESP®) 3 Anti-skid system WARNING When driving normally, the ESP® system helps to improve the car’s directional stability. The ESP® must not be regarded as a system to enable the driver to main- tain higher speeds. The same precau- tions must be adopted as normal for safe cornering and driving on slippery roads must be adopted. The Electronic Stability Program employs both the antilock braking system (ABS) and the traction control system (TCS). It is a system that helps the driver to stabilize the car in unusual circumstances that can oth- erwise be more difficult to handle. Starting and driving 175 How the ESP® system works The Electronic Stability Program can help to prevent the car from skidding by braking one or several wheels independently of the driver. The engine output is then also reduced to prevent the driving wheels from spinning. The car has sensors that measure wheel speed, yaw rate, lateral acceleration, steering wheel position and braking pres- sure. The values provided by these sensors are used to calculate the actual direction of the car, the intentions of the driver and whether the ESP® should be engaged. If this direction does not agree with that intended by the driver, calculated from the steering wheel position, the ESP® is engaged. The ESP® improves the driver’s chances of retaining control over the car in a critical situation. Illustration of how the system applies the brakes on one or several wheels in order to reduce the likelihood of the car skidding 93_U S_M 07.book Page 176 W ednesday, A pril 12, 2006 9:30 A M 176 Starting and driving ESP® indicator light When the remote control is turned to the ON position, the lamp is lit for about 4 seconds while the system performs self-diagnosis. light comes on for a short period of The time when the ESP® system is operative. Operation of the ESP® indicates reduced cohesion between the tires and the road, and that extra care should be taken by the driver during continued driving. Turning ESP® system off The system can be turned off manually with the ESP® button , whereupon the light will come on. The car must be trav- elling slower than 35 mph (60 km/h). The TCS is also disengaged. The ESP® is always engaged during brak- ing, even if it has been switched off manu- ally with the ESP® button. ESP® button ESP® OFF lights up if: (cid:129) a fault has been detected and the system has therefore been switched off (cid:129) the system has been switched off manually If a fault is detected in the system, the following message will be displayed on the SID: Stability control failure. Contact service. The cruise control system (if active) will automatically be disengaged if the ESP® is operative. NOTICE Changes to the chassis, such as a change of wheels, shock absorbers or springs, could affect the function of the ESP® system. Always consult a workshop before chang- ing any chassis components. We recom- mend that you contact a Saab dealer. Starting and driving 177 Parking WARNING (cid:129) Never leave children or pets unat- tended in the car. In warm, sunny weather, the temperature inside the car can reach 160–180°F (70–80°C). (cid:129) Park where the vehicle will not create an obstruction or a hazard to other road users. (cid:129) Do not park on dry grass or other combustible material. The catalytic converter gets very hot and could start a fire. (cid:129) Apply the parking brake, remove the remote control and lock the car. 93_U S_M 07.book Page 177 W ednesday, A pril 12, 2006 9:30 A M Parking brake WARNING (cid:129) Always apply the parking brake when you park the car. If the car is to be left parked for a long time, refer to page 179. (cid:129) Always apply the parking brake before removing the remote control. (cid:129) Do not use the parking brake while driving. Correct hold If the parking brake is applied when the car starts off, the following message will appear on the SID: Release park brake. (cid:129) Grasp the parking brake lever in such a way that no fingers get trapped when you release the parking brake. indicator light on the main instru- The parking brake lever is situated between the front seats. The brake acts on the rear wheels. When the parking brake is applied, the ment panel will come on. To release the parking brake, lift the lever slightly, pull the release button on the under- side of the lever and lower the lever. If conditions allow, it is best if the brake pedal is not depressed, or only depressed as little as necessary so as to stop the car from rolling, when the parking brake is applied. To facilitate releasing the parking brake, depress the brake pedal. This is especially appropriate if the car is standing on a hill. 93_U S_M 07.book Page 178 W ednesday, A pril 12, 2006 9:30 A M 178 Starting and driving NOTICE Empty the car yourself and bear in mind: (cid:129) Never leave a mobile phone, camera, computer or similar object visible in the car. (cid:129) Clothing, packages and bags attract thieves. (cid:129) Do not leave small objects such as CDs, sunglasses and coins visible. (cid:129) If possible, park in a well-lit, conspicu- ous parking space. (cid:129) Thieves strike whenever and wher- ever they are given the opportunity. Parking on a hill When parking on a steep hill, turn the front wheels so that they will be blocked by the curb if the car should move. If the car is parked with one front wheel touching the curb, for example, you may need to turn the steering wheel slightly when you insert the remote control to allow the steering wheel lock to unlock. 1 Downhill with curb. Turn the wheels toward the curb and edge the car forwards until the wheel lightly touches the curb. 2 Uphill with curb. Turn the wheels away from the curb and edge the car backward until the wheel lightly touches the curb. 3 Uphill or downhill with- out curb. Turn the wheel towards the edge of the road so that the car, should it move, will not roll towards the middle of the road. Starting and driving 179 93_U S_M 07.book Page 179 W ednesday, A pril 12, 2006 9:30 A M Long-term parking If the car is not going to be used for some time, e.g. three to four months, the following steps are recommended: (cid:129) Drain the washer fluid reservoir and hoses. (cid:129) Wash and wax the car. Clean the rubber seals on the hood, trunk lid and doors, and lubricate them with glycerol (glycerine). (cid:129) After washing the car, dry the brake discs to avoid corrosion by taking the car out on the road and applying the brakes a few times. (cid:129) Fill the fuel tank to prevent condensation forming in it. (cid:129) Top up the coolant and check the anti- freeze before the onset of winter. (cid:129) Park the car in a dry, covered and well- ventilated building. Leave the parking brake OFF! (cid:129) Convertible: If the car is stored, the soft top should be closed. (cid:129) If necessary, use wheel chocks and leave the parking brake off. (cid:129) Disconnect the negative (–) battery lead. If frost is likely to occur during the storage period, remove the battery and store it in a frost-free place. (cid:129) If it is not possible to stand the car on axle stands, increase the tire pressure to 43 psi (3 bar). Leave all the door windows open a crack and cover the car with a non-plastic tarpaulin – not one made of plastic which will not breath. 93_U S_M 07.book Page 180 W ednesday, A pril 12, 2006 9:30 A M Starting and driving 180 Saab Parking Assistance 3 Saab Parking Assistance WARNING Responsibility always lies with the driver when reversing. (cid:129) The parking assistance system can facilitate parking and reversing. (cid:129) Bear in mind that small objects, such as a child lying on the ground, and narrow objects cannot always be detected by the system. Saab Parking Assistance facilitates parking and reversing. There are four sensors in the rear bumper that detect objects up to 6 ft (1.8 meters) behind the car. If the car is heavily laden, the system may falsely indicate that there is an object within the detection range. This is since the sen- sors are angled towards the ground when the car is tail-heavy. Area monitored by the sensors seen from the side Area monitored by the sensors seen from above The system uses four sensors in the rear bumper. These emit ultrasound signals that bounce back to the sensors off any objects behind the car. The system, however, cannot always detect small or narrow objects, such as a post, since the surface area presented to the car is too small. The system is activated automatically when reverse is engaged or selected. Audible confirmation is given and the following text is shown on the SID: Parking assistance active If a warning message, such as the seatbelt reminder, is shown on the SID when reverse is engaged, the audible signals from the parking assistance system will not be heard since the warning message has priority. When the sensors detect an object within the monitored area, pulses of sound (- - - -) will be heard. The frequency of these pulses increases as the car comes closer to the object. 93_U S_M 07.book Page 181 W ednesday, A pril 12, 2006 9:30 A M If you stop the car with reverse gear engaged, the sound pulse will stop after 2 seconds. The sound pulses will return if you continue to reverse. If the car rolls for- ward while reverse is engaged, the system is silenced. When the distance to the object is less than 1 ft. (30 cm), a continuous tone will be heard. When an object is approximately 3 ft. (90 cm) from the car, the sound pulses change character markedly (frequency increases). A distance of about 3 ft. (90 cm) is suitable if you wish to load or unload the trunk. If the distance between an object and a corner sensor does not change for 3 seconds, for example if you are reversing alongside a wall, the system will switch to monitoring straight back. The system indi- cates if the distance to the wall decreases again. If a trailer is hitched up and correctly con- nected to the trailer contact by the tow bar, the system is automatically deactivated. NOTICE The sensors must be kept clean to func- tion well. Ice, snow and dirt can affect their sensitivity. Large quantities of snow or dirt covering the sensors can prevent the parking assistance system from detecting any objects. Do not spray the sensors with a pressure washer, as this can damage them. Reversing alongside a wall If the distance between an object and a corner sensor does not change for 2 seconds, for example if you are reversing alongside a wall, the system will switch to monitoring straight back. The system indi- cates if the distance to the wall decreases again. Starting and driving 181 Cars with trailer hitch If the car has a trailer hitch and its wiring is correctly connected to the car’s electrical system, the Saab Parking Assistance auto- matically compensates for the protrusion of the tow bar. If a camper or trailer is hitched up and the trailer hitch wiring is correctly connected to the car’s electrics, the system is automati- cally deactivated. You can temporarily deactivate the Saab Parking Assistance as follows: (cid:129) Engage reverse and press the CLR button on the SID control panel. The system will be reactivated the next time you engage reverse. 93_U S_M 07.book Page 182 W ednesday, A pril 12, 2006 9:30 A M 182 Starting and driving Error messages If the system malfunctions, the following message will appear on the SID: Parking assistance malfunction. Service. If the system is subject to interference, the following message will be shown on the SID: Parking assistance sensor interference. If this message appears, clean the sensors. The sensors are located in the black trim on the rear bumper The system can be switched off using Settings. 1 Select Settings using the steering wheel controls, or 2 Press and hold the SET button until given audible confirmation. 3 Select Park Assistance. 4 Press the SET button. 5 Select ON or OFF. 6 Confirm the setting by pressing the SET button. Park Assistance ON OFF Explanation of ON and OFF. ON Saab Parking Assistance is activated automatically when reverse is engaged. The system warns of objects behind the car. If a trailer is hitched up and correctly connected to the trailer connector, the system will be deactivated automati- cally. You can also deactivate the sys- tem temporarily with the CLR button if reverse has been engaged and the system is active. OFF Saab Parking Assistance deactivated. 93_U S_M 07.book Page 183 W ednesday, A pril 12, 2006 9:30 A M How to read the diagram: If fuel consumption with the engine at normal temperature is 28 mpg (10 l/ 100 km), the actual fuel consumption 3 miles (5 km) after the engine has started from cold will be: – 23.5 mpg (12 l/100 km) at outside temp. of 68°F (+20°C) (increase of 20%). – 17.7 mpg (16 l/100 km) at outside temp. of 32°F (0°C) (increase of 60%). – 14 mpg (20 l/100 km) at outside temp. of –4°F (–20°C) (increase of 100%). It is clear from the diagram that both dis- tance driven and outside temperature have a significant impact on fuel consumption, after a cold start. If the car is normally driven on short jour- neys, 3–5 miles (5–8 km), for example to and from work, the average consumption will be 60–80% above the normal level. Economical driving Factors affecting fuel consumption The fuel consumption of a car is greatly affected by driving conditions, climate, road conditions, speed, driving technique, etc. Breaking-in Fuel consumption may be somewhat higher during the break-in period (the first 3,000–4,000 miles (5,000–7,000 km)). Weather conditions Summer temperatures give better fuel economy than winter ones. The difference can be as much as about 10%. Consump- tion increases in cold weather because the engine takes longer to reach its normal operating temperature. The transmission and wheel bearings also take longer to warm up. Even distance affects consump- tion: short journeys of 3–5 miles (5–8 km) do not give the engine enough time to reach its optimum temperature. Wind con- ditions also have a marked effect on fuel consumption. Starting and driving 183 Percentage increase in fuel consumption of engine starting from cold compared to engine at normal temperature. Driving techniques (cid:129) To obtain the best running economy, with regard to fuel consumption and general wear, the car must be serviced regularly. (cid:129) High speed, unnecessary acceleration, frequent braking and much changing down all give higher fuel consumption. (cid:129) Frequent gear changing in traffic, starting in cold weather, the use of studded tires and roof racks, and towing a camper all increase fuel consumption. (cid:129) Do not warm up the engine while the car is stationary. If idling, the engine will take much longer to reach its optimum temperature, and 93_U S_M 07.book Page 184 W ednesday, A pril 12, 2006 9:30 A M 184 Starting and driving engine wear is at its greatest during this period. Drive off as soon as possible after starting the engine and avoid high engine speeds. (cid:129) Drive as smoothly and thoughtfully as possible. Match your driving to the prevailing traffic conditions. (cid:129) Driving in a low gear gives rise to higher fuel consumption than driving in a high gear because of the higher engine speed for any given road speed. Always shift up as soon as traffic conditions allow and drive in the highest gear as much as possible. (cid:129) Check the tire pressure once a month. Incorrect tire pressure increases tire wear. It is preferable for the tire pressure to be slightly high than too low. Under- pressure increases fuel consumption. (cid:129) Check the fuel consumption regularly. Increased fuel consumption can indicate that something is wrong and that the car needs to be checked. We recommend that you contact a Saab dealer. Practical road tests have demonstrated that substantial savings in fuel consumption can be made if the above advice is followed. WARNING Never switch off the engine while driving as the effect of the brakes and power steering will be greatly reduced. Road conditions Wet roads increase fuel consumption, as do unpaved roads and driving in hilly country (the amount of fuel saved driving downhill is less than the additional amount required to climb the hill). Engine block heater 3 The following are just some of the benefits to the car and the environment of using an engine block heater: (cid:129) Lower fuel consumption. (cid:129) Reduced wear on the engine. (cid:129) Inside of car warms up faster. (cid:129) Exhaust emissions substantially reduced over short runs. The engine heater is effective at outside temperatures up to 60–70°F (+15–+20°C). The warmer it is outside, the shorter the time the engine heater needs to be connected. Longer than 1.5 hours is unnecessary. If the car is equipped with a removable, electric cabin heater that is not in use, store this in the trunk. 93_U S_M 07.book Page 185 W ednesday, A pril 12, 2006 9:30 A M Driving in cold weather In cold weather, special attention should be paid to the following: (cid:129) Before driving off, make sure that the wiper blades have not frozen to the wind- shield. (cid:129) Remove any snow from the heating system air intakes between the hood and the windshield. (cid:129) If necessary, inject oil into the locks to prevent them from freezing. Use molyb- denum-sulphide oil (MoS2). If the locks freeze, exercise care when unlocking the car (manual unlocking) to avoid breaking the key. Warm up the key or use a de-icer. (cid:129) It is particularly important when the roads are slippery that the brakes and tires are in good condition. (cid:129) For how to check the level of antifreeze in the engine coolant, see page 209. (cid:129) Add gasoline anti-freeze when refueling several times before the onset of winter. This will prevent condensation water in the fuel tank from freezing and causing interruptions in the fuel supply. The likeli- hood of condensation is lowest when the fuel tank is full. If the car is parked outside and the temperature is below zero, gasoline anti- freeze is of little use as it cannot remove water that has already frozen. Park the car in a warm place so that any ice that may have built up melts, then add gaso- line anti-freeze when refueling. Condensation is caused by temperature fluctuations, either in the outside temper- ature alone or when the car is alternately parked outdoors and in a garage. (cid:129) Convertible: Avoid operating the soft top at temperatures below 23°F (–5°C). Starting and driving 185 (cid:129) The car is equipped with tires designed to provide optimum grip on both wet and dry roads, although this has been achieved at the expense of somewhat reduced grip on snow and ice. For regular driving on snow and ice, we therefore recommend that winter tires be fitted. However, winter tires achieve this extra grip at the expense of grip on bare road surfaces. Winter tires, particularly studded tires, gen- erally make driving safer on snow and ice. Acquaint yourself with the legal provi- sions governing the use of different types of winter tires and snow chains. Studded tires are not allowed in some countries. If winter tires are fitted, the same type must be fitted to all four wheels. Your Saab dealer will be pleased to advise you on the best tires for your car. 93_U S_M 07.book Page 186 W ednesday, A pril 12, 2006 9:30 A M 186 Starting and driving Remember that tires age: it may therefore be necessary to change winter tires before they reach the legal wear limit, as they grad- ually lose their friction properties with age. If you get into a front wheel skid and the car has a manual transmission, the best response is to freewheel, which means declutching so that the wheels neither drive nor brake, and to cautiously steer in the desired direction. If the car has automatic transmission, ease off the accelerator slightly and steer cau- tiously in the desired direction. If you get into a rear wheel skid, steer in the same direction as the movement of the rear of the car. Driving with tire chains 3 Snow chains must only be fitted to the wheel and tire dimensions that Saab recommends in "Technical data" on page 279. We recommend that you contact a Saab dealer regarding approved tire chains. See also page 248. WARNING (cid:129) Do not drive at speeds above 30 mph (50 km/h) when tire chains are fitted. (cid:129) Tire chains can reduce directional stability. (cid:129) Do not fit tire chains to the car’s rear wheels. NOTICE (cid:129) Check the links frequently for wear. (cid:129) Check that the chains do not foul the wheel arch liner at full lock. (cid:129) Refer to the "Technical data" section on page 279, for information on wheel and tire dimensions approved for the fitting of tire chains. Starting and driving 187 93_U S_M 07.book Page 187 W ednesday, A pril 12, 2006 9:30 A M Driving in hot climates Always check the coolant level before start- ing a journey. When the engine is cold, the coolant must not lie above the KALT/COLD mark on the expansion tank (boundary between the upper and lower sections of the tank). At the end of a journey, allow the engine to idle for 2–3 minutes before switching it off. If the needle on the temperature gauge enters the red zone, the following message will be shown on the SID: Hot engine. Make a safe stop. Idle engine. 1 Stop the car but do not switch off the engine. Do not remove the cap on the cooling system expansion tank, even if the tank is empty. The engine tempera- ture should decrease. If the temperature continues to rise with the engine idling, the engine must be switched off. 2 If the engine is idling and the needle on the temperature gauge falls, wait until a normal temperature is shown (about in the middle of the scale) before switching off the engine. If the coolant needs to be topped up, carefully unscrew the expansion tank cap. Fill as required with a mixture of 50 % antifreeze and 50 % clean water. Use an antifreeze approved by Saab. WARNING (cid:129) Exercise care when opening the hood if the engine is overheated. Never remove the expansion tank cap completely when the engine is hot. (cid:129) The cooling system is pressurized - hot coolant and vapour can escape. These can cause injury to your eyes and burns. Open the cap slowly to release the pressure before removing it. 3 Have the car’s cooling system checked. We recommend that you contact a Saab dealer. 93_U S_M 07.book Page 188 W ednesday, A pril 12, 2006 9:30 A M Starting and driving 188 Towing a trailer 3 WARNING (cid:129) Do not drive with a trailer on inclines steeper than 15 %. The load on the drive (front) wheels will be so low that the wheels can start to spin and prevent further progress. (cid:129) In addition, the car’s parking brake may not always be sufficient to hold the car and trailer securely, as the wheels may start to slide. (cid:129) Always apply the trailer’s parking brake when unhitching it. There is otherwise a risk of personal injury or damage to the bumper should the trailer start to roll. (cid:129) When you hitch up the trailer be sure to attach its safety chains to the holes by the hitch. Make sure you are familiar with the legal requirements regarding speed limits for towing, maximum trailer weights, trailer braking requirements, and also any spe- cial driving licence provisions. Trailer hitch attachment 3 Trailer hitch attachments are available as accessories. These are designed for a max- imum trailer weight of 3500 lbs (1588 kg), with trailer brakes. An electrical connection 3 for the towbar and an electrical unit are provided in the electrical centre on the left-hand side of the luggage compartment. If the car has a 13-pin Saab genuine electri- cal socket then it is possible to supply a trailer/caravan with rear fog lights and reversing lights. The caravan can also have interior and exterior lighting even when the car’s ignition is switched off. In which case, remember not to load the battery for too long so that it is discharged and pre- vents the car from starting. There is also access to power in the caravan during a journey, the caravan battery can be charged for example. Also, if the car has SPA, this is deactivated automatically if a trailer is hitched up and correctly connected to the Saab genuine trailer socket. Saab recommendations: (cid:129) Use a genuine Saab trailer hitch that is designed and tested for your Saab. (cid:129) Contact your Saab dealer for advice on which trailer hitch is designed for your car. 93_U S_M 07.book Page 189 W ednesday, A pril 12, 2006 9:30 A M NOTICE (cid:129) Only use a towbar that has been approved for your car. We recom- mend that you entrust towbar installa- tion to an authorised Saab workshop, which can also provide important information such as trailer weight. Your authorised Saab workshop has information on how the towbar is to be installed and whether other measures must be undertaken that could affect the cooling system or other equipment (cid:129) We recommend that you contact a Saab dealer for guidance on how to connect a trailer hitch. (cid:129) Exercise care when driving on uneven roads or against the curb if the car is heavily laden. This particularly applies to cars with 17" wheels. Recommendations for cars with automatic transmission The following driving time limits are based on the capacity of the cooling system in hot weather, i.e. approximately 86°F (+30°C). Gradient of hill, % Time limit, minutes Max. trailer weight, lbs. (kg) 3330 (1500) unlimited 3080 (1400) max. 15 2645 (1200) max. 15 2200 (1000) max. 15 The following driving time limits are based on the capacity of the cooling system in hot weather, i.e. approximately 104°F (+40°C). Gradient of hill, % Time limit, minutes Max. trailer weight, lbs. (kg) 2200 (1000) unlimited 1760 (800) max. 15 1100 (500) max. 15 880 (400) max. 15 6-8 9-11 12-14 max. 15 6-8 9-11 12-14 max. 15 Starting and driving 189 When negotiating long hills, bear the follow- ing important considerations in mind. Rises in coolant temperature are indicated by the temperature gauge in the main instru- ment panel. The following steps are taken in order as the temperature of the transmission increases: (cid:129) Gear change pattern is altered (cid:129) A/C compressor is switched off (cid:129) Max. engine torque is reduced The following message will be displayed on the SID if the transmission fluid becomes too hot: Gearbox too hot. Make a safe stop. Open hood. If this message appears, stop the car as soon as it is safe to do so and allow the engine to idle until the message has gone out. The selector lever should be in position P. 93_U S_M 07.book Page 190 W ednesday, A pril 12, 2006 9:30 A M 190 Starting and driving When continuing your journey, manually select a low gear in which the engine speed is about 3,500 rpm until the incline eases (see page 168). WARNING Remember to use engine-braking (selec- tor position M1, M2, or M3) to spare the brakes when you are driving on a long or steep downhill slope. Overheating can cause the brakes to fade! Recommendations for cars with manual transmission Rises in coolant temperature are indicated by the temperature gauge in the main instru- ment panel. When the needle is just outside the red zone, the A/C compressor will be switched off and, on certain engine variants, the max- imum engine torque will be limited. When continuing your journey, select a low gear in which the engine speed is about 3,500 rpm until the incline eases. WARNING Remember to use engine-braking (selec- tor position 1, 2, or 3) to spare the brakes when you are driving on a long or steep downhill slope. Overheating can cause the brakes to fade! Distribution of load in trailer a Light b Moderate c Heavy Trailer hitch load The weight distribution on the trailer makes a lot of difference to the handling properties of the car and trailer combination. With a two-wheel trailer, concentrate the load over the wheels and keep it as low as possible. The trailer should be loaded so that the load on the towball is 110–165 lbs. (50–75 kg). Note that this load must be included in the total load for the car. If this now exceeds the specified load capacity, the load in the trunk may have to be reduced by the correspond- ing amount. Starting and driving 191 Reversing Get someone to help you keep an eye out behind the trailer as the door mirrors do not always provide sufficient rearward vision when reversing. 93_U S_M 07.book Page 191 W ednesday, A pril 12, 2006 9:30 A M Driving considerations Always take extra care when towing a trailer, as the car’s handling will be different and its braking performance reduced. The trailer’s braking system and suspension also have a considerable effect on these characteristics. See also "Driving with a load" on page 194. Drive carefully: (cid:129) descending hills (cid:129) on uneven roads (cid:129) over railway crossings (cid:129) when meeting large vehicles If the car has automatic transmission, select gear M1 when ascending or descending steep hills. Checks before driving Make sure that the car and trailer are in good working order. This is essential since towing a trailer increases the strain on the car. (cid:129) Check and if necessary adjust the tire pressure of the car and trailer. (cid:129) Make sure all wheel bolts are properly tightened. (cid:129) Make sure that the equipment joining the car and trailer is properly secured and adjusted. (cid:129) Make sure the trailer’s electrical cable is properly connected and is not so long that it drags along the ground. Also, make sure the cable is not too short and risks breaking when turning a corner. (cid:129) Check all bulbs. (cid:129) Check the car and trailer brakes. (cid:129) Make sure that all items on or in the camper or trailer are properly secured. (cid:129) Make sure that the trailer’s jockey wheel is raised and locked. (cid:129) Check the distribution of the load so that the car and trailer are well balanced. (cid:129) Check that the rearview mirrors provide the best possible rearward vision. (cid:129) Make sure the trailer’s safety cable is correctly attached. 93_U S_M 07.book Page 192 W ednesday, A pril 12, 2006 9:30 A M Fitting roof carriers 3 Sport Sedan and SportCombi without roof rails 1 Open the four covers on the roof of the car. 2 Insert a screw with washer into each roof carrier foot. Fit a seal onto each screw. 3 The roof carriers are marked front and back. 4 Bolt the roof carriers to the brackets in the roof. 5 Check that the roof carriers are firmly mounted. Mounting holes for roof carrier Starting and driving 192 Driving with a roof rack load WARNING (cid:129) A roof load will affect the car’s center of gravity and aerodynamics. Be aware of this when cornering and driv- ing in crosswinds. (cid:129) Adjust your speed to the prevailing conditions. (cid:129) Due to higher aerodynamics drag, fuel economy may suffer when driving with a roof rack. The maximum permissible roof load is 220 lbs. (100 kg). Note that the roof load must be included in the car’s maximum per- missible payload and axle load. Strong, sturdy roof carriers designed spe- cially for your car are available from your Saab dealer. Always secure roof loads securely. Starting and driving 193 93_U S_M 07.book Page 193 W ednesday, A pril 12, 2006 9:30 A M Fitting roof carriers 3 SportCombi with roof rails 1 Clean the car’s roof rails. 2 Check the markings on the cross members to see which is the front and which is the rear roof carrier. 3 Place the cross members on the roof rails, on their respective sides of the centre supports. The cross members must not be placed beyond the front or rear joint on the rail. Ensure that the distance between the cross members is at least 700 mm. If a roof box is to be fitted, the cross members must be positioned so that the tailgate can be opened fully without hitting the roof box. 4 Using your thumb, press the bracket so that it lies snugly against the outside of the roof rail. Make sure that the roof carriers are seated centrally on the rubber spacers and that these sit correctly on the roof rail. Pull the spacers down slightly on the inside of the roof rail. 5 Centre the roof carriers so that they protrude equally on both sides. 6 Tighten the roof carriers by hand. Ensure that the tightening knobs are upright once the roof carriers have been tightened. 7 Make sure the roof carriers are securely in place. 93_U S_M 07.book Page 194 W ednesday, A pril 12, 2006 9:30 A M Driving with the trunk lid open WARNING Avoid driving with the trunk lid partly or fully open, since exhaust fumes can be drawn into the cabin. If you must drive with the trunk lid open, close all windows and the moonroof (if equipped) and set the cabin fan to its high- est speed setting.

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2007 Saab 9 3 Owners Manual