2003 Nissan Xterra Owners Manual

driving, take the vehicle to a NISSAN dealer for repair.

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WARNING

c The anti-lock brake system is a sophis- ticated device, but it cannot prevent ac- cidents resulting from careless or dan- gerous driving techniques. It can help maintain vehicle control during braking on slippery surfaces, but remember that the stopping distance on slippery sur- faces will be longer than on normal surfaces even with the anti-lock brake system. Stopping distances may also be longer on rough, gravel or snow cov- ered roads, or if you are using tire chains. Tire type and condition may also affect braking effectiveness. Always maintain a safe distance from the ve- hicle in front of you. Ultimately, the re- sponsibility for safety of self and others rests in the hands of the driver.

c Tire type and condition of tires may also

affect braking effectiveness.

c When replacing tires, install the speci-

fied size of tires on all four wheels.

c When installing a spare tire, make sure it is the proper size and type as speci- fied on the tire placard. For tire placard location information, refer to (cid:147)Tire plac- ard(cid:148) in the (cid:147)Technical and consumer information(cid:148) section of this manual.

c Refer to (cid:147)Wheels and tires(cid:148) in the (cid:147)Maintenance and do-it-yourself(cid:148) sec- tion of this manual.

VEHICLE DYNAMIC CONTROL (VDC) SYSTEM (if so equipped)

When driving on slippery surfaces or suddenly avoiding obstacles on roads, the vehicle might swerve or slip. With the Vehicle Dynamic Control (VDC) system, sensors detect these movements and control the braking and engine output to help improve vehicle stability while driving. c When the vehicle dynamic control system is operating, the slip indicator in the instrument panel blinks.

c When only the traction control system por- tion of the vehicle dynamic control system is operating, the slip indicator will also blink.

c If the slip indicator blinks, the vehicle is un- der slippery conditions. Be sure to drive carefully. See (cid:147)Slip indicator light(cid:148), and (cid:147)Ve- hicle dynamic control off indicator light(cid:148) in the (cid:147)Instruments and controls(cid:148) section.

c Indicator light

indicator lights come on in the

If malfunction occurs in the system, the and instrument panel. As long as these warning lights are on, the traction control function is canceled.

The VDC system uses a Brake Limited Slip Dif- ferential (LSD) system to improve vehicle trac- tion. The brake LSD system works when one of the driving wheels is spinning on a slippery sur- face. The brake LSD system brakes the spinning Starting and driving 5-25

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c The vehicle dynamic control system is not a substitute for winter tires or tire chains on a snow covered road.

wheel which distributes the driving power to the other drive wheel. If the vehicle is operated with the vehicle dynamic control system off, all VDC and TCS functions will be turned off. The brake LSD system and ABS will still operate with the VDC system OFF. If the brake LSD system or the ABS is activated, the slip indicator light will blink and you may hear a clunk noise and/or feel a pulsation in the brake pedal. This is normal.

While the VDC system is operating, you may feel a pulsation in the brake pedal and hear a noise or vibration from under the hood. This is normal and indicates that the VDC system is working prop- erly.

The computer has a built in diagnostic feature that tests the system each time you start the engine and move the vehicle forward or in reverse at a slow speed. When the self-test occurs, you may hear a clunk noise and/or feel a pulsation in the brake pedal. This is normal and is not an indication of a malfunction.

5-26 Starting and driving

WARNING

c The vehicle dynamic control system is designed to help improve driving stabil- ity but does not prevent accidents due to abrupt steering operation at high speeds or by careless or dangerous driving techniques. Reduce vehicle speed and be especially careful when driving and cornering on slippery sur- faces and always drive carefully.

c If suspension parts such as shock ab- sorbers, struts, springs and bushings are not standard equipment or are ex- tremely deteriorated, the vehicle dy- namic control off indicator light may come on.

c When driving on extremely inclined sur- faces such as higher banked corners, the vehicle dynamic control system may not operate properly or the vehicle dy- namic control off indicator light may come on. Do not drive on these types of roads.

c If the tires other than the recommended ones are used, the vehicle dynamic con- trol system may not operate properly or the vehicle dynamic control off indica- tor light may come on.

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COLD WEATHER DRIVING

FREEING A FROZEN DOOR LOCK To prevent a door lock from freezing, apply de- icer through the key hole. If the lock becomes frozen, heat the key before inserting it into the key hole. ANTI-FREEZE In the winter when it is anticipated that the tem- perature will drop below 32(cid:176)F (0(cid:176)C), check the anti-freeze (ethylene glycol base) to assure proper winter protection. For details, see (cid:145)(cid:145)Engine cooling system(cid:146)(cid:146) in the (cid:145)(cid:145)Maintenance and do-it- yourself(cid:146)(cid:146) section of this manual. BATTERY If the battery is not fully charged during extremely cold weather conditions, the battery fluid may freeze and damage the battery. To maintain maxi- mum efficiency, the battery should be checked regularly. For details, see (cid:145)(cid:145)Battery(cid:146)(cid:146) in the (cid:145)(cid:145)Main- tenance and do-it-yourself(cid:146)(cid:146) section of this manual. DRAINING OF COOLANT WATER If the vehicle is to be left outside without anti- freeze, drain the cooling system, including the engine block. Refill before operating the vehicle.

For details, see (cid:145)(cid:145)Changing engine coolant(cid:146)(cid:146) in the (cid:145)(cid:145)Maintenance and do-it-yourself(cid:146)(cid:146) section of this manual. TIRE EQUIPMENT 1. SUMMER tires have a tread designed to provide superior performance on dry pave- ment. However, the performance of these tires will be substantially reduced in snowy and icy conditions. If you operate your ve- hicle on snowy or icy roads, NISSAN recom- mends the use of MUD & SNOW or ALL SEASON TIRES on all four wheels. Please consult a NISSAN dealer for the tire type, size, speed rating and availability informa- tion.

2. For additional traction on icy roads, studded tires may be used. However, some U.S. states and Canadian provinces prohibit their use. Check local, state and provincial laws before installing studded tires.

Skid and traction capabilities of studded snow tires on wet or dry surfaces may be poorer than that of non-studded snow tires. 3. Tire chains may be used.

Use of tire chains may be prohibited accord- ing to location. Check the local laws before installing tire chains. When installing tire chains, make sure they are of proper size for

the tires on your vehicle and are installed according to the chain manufacturer(cid:146)s sug- gestions. Use only SAE Class (cid:147)S(cid:148) chains. Class (cid:147)S(cid:148) chains are used on ve- hicles with restricted tire to vehicle clear- ance. Vehicles that can use Class (cid:147)S(cid:148) chains are designed to meet the minimum clear- ances between the tire and the closest ve- hicle suspension or body component re- quired to accommodate the use of a winter traction device (tire chains or cables). The minimum clearances are determined using the factory equipped tire size. Other types may damage your vehicle. Use chain ten- sioners when recommended by the tire chain manufacturer to ensure a tight fit. Loose end links of the tire chain must be secured or removed to prevent the possibil- ity of whipping action damage to the fenders or underbody. If possible, avoid fully loading your vehicle when using tire chains. In addi- tion, drive at a reduced speed. Otherwise, your vehicle may be damaged and/or vehicle handling and performance may be adversely affected.

Never install tire chains on spare tires. Do not use tire chains on dry roads.

Starting and driving 5-27

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SPECIAL WINTER EQUIPMENT It is recommended that the following items be carried in the vehicle during winter: c A scraper and stiff-bristled brush to remove ice and snow from the windows and wiper blades.

c A sturdy, flat board to be placed under the

jack to give it firm support.

c A shovel to dig the vehicle out of snowdrifts. c Extra window washer fluid to refill the reser-

voir tank.

DRIVING ON SNOW OR ICE

WARNING

c Wet ice (32(cid:176)F, 0(cid:176)C and freezing rain), very cold snow or ice can be slick and very hard to drive on. The vehicle will have much less traction or (cid:147)grip(cid:148) under these conditions. Try to avoid driving on wet the road is salted or sanded.

ice until

c Whatever the condition, drive with cau- tion. Accelerate and slow down with care. If accelerating or downshifting too fast, the drive wheels will lose even more traction.

5-28 Starting and driving

c Allow more stopping distance under these conditions. Braking should be started sooner than on dry pavement.

c Allow greater following distances on

slippery roads.

c Watch for slippery spots (glare ice). These may appear on an otherwise clear road in shaded areas. If a patch of ice is seen ahead, brake before reach- ing it. Try not to brake while on the ice, and steering avoid maneuvers.

sudden

any

WARNING

Do not use your heater with an un- grounded electrical two- pronged (cheater) adapters. You can be injured by an electrical shock if you use an ungrounded connection.

system or

c Do not use the cruise control on slip-

pery roads.

c Snow can trap dangerous exhaust gases under your vehicle. Keep snow clear of the exhaust pipe and from around your vehicle.

ENGINE BLOCK HEATER (if so equipped) An engine block heater to assist in extreme cold temperature starting is available through a NISSAN dealer.

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6 In case of emergency

First aid kit. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-2
Flat tire . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-2

Low tire pressure warning system (if so equipped) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-2
Changing a flat tire . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-3
Jump starting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-9

Push starting. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-11
If your vehicle overheats . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-12
Towing your vehicle . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-13
Towing recommended by NISSAN . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-13
Vehicle recovery (freeing a stuck vehicle) . . . . . . . . . 6-15
Flat towing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-15

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FIRST AID KIT

FLAT TIRE

A first aid kit is located on the back door trim panel. To remove the first aid kit: s1 Squeeze the latch buttons. s2 Pull the two straps apart to unfasten.

6-2 In case of emergency

LOW TIRE PRESSURE WARNING SYSTEM (if so equipped) The low tire pressure warning system monitors tire pressure of all tires (except the spare tire). If the vehicle is being driven with a flat tire or extremely low tire pressure (lower than 10 psi, 70
kPa), the low tire pressure warning system will activate and warn you of it by the low tire pressure warning light. This system will activate only when the vehicle is driven at speeds above 20 MPH (32 km/h). For more details, please refer to (cid:147)Warning/indicator lights and audible reminders(cid:148) in the (cid:147)Instruments and controls(cid:148) section, and (cid:147)Low tire pressure warning system(cid:148) in the (cid:147)Start- ing and driving(cid:148) section.

WCE0057

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WARNING

c If the low tire pressure warning light flashes while driving, avoid sudden steering maneuvers or abrupt braking, reduce vehicle speed, pull off the road to a safe location and stop the vehicle as soon as possible. Serious vehicle damage could occur and may lead to an accident and could result in serious personal injury. Check the tire pressure for all four tires and adjust the pressure to the COLD tire pressure shown on the tire placard. If you have a flat tire, re- place it with a spare tire as soon as possible.

c When a spare tire is mounted or a wheel is replaced, tire pressure will not be indicated and the low tire pressure warning system will not function. Con- tact your NISSAN dealer as soon as possible for tire replacement and/or system resetting.

c Do not inject any tire liquid or aerosol tire sealant into the tires, as this may cause a malfunction of the tire pressure sensors.

CHANGING A FLAT TIRE If you have a flat tire, follow the instructions be- low. Stopping the vehicle 1. Safely move the vehicle off the road and

away from traffic.

2. Turn on the hazard warning flashers.

3. Park on a level surface and apply the parking brake. Shift the manual transmission into R (Reverse), or the automatic transmission into P (Park).

WARNING

The transfer control lever must

be in the 2H, 4H or 4L position.

c Do not leave the transfer control lever in the N (Neutral) position. Otherwise, the vehicle could roll unexpectedly even if the manual transmission is in any gear or the automatic transmission is in the P (Park) position. This could result in serious personal injury or property damage.

4. Turn off the engine.

5. Raise the hood to warn other traffic and to signal professional road assistance person- nel that you need assistance.

6. Have all passengers get out of the vehicle and stand in a safe place, away from traffic and clear of the vehicle.

WARNING

c Make sure the parking brake is securely applied and the manual transmission is shifted into R (Reverse), or the auto- matic transmission into P (Park).

c Never change tires when the vehicle is on a slope, ice or slippery areas. This is hazardous.

c Never change tires if oncoming traffic is close to your vehicle. Wait for profes- sional road assistance.

c When a spare tire is mounted or a wheel is replaced, the low tire pressure warn- ing system will not function. Contact your NISSAN dealer as soon possible for tire replacement and/or system re- setting. (For models with the low tire pressure warning system)

In case of emergency 6-3

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WARNING

Never use the tool surface.

tray as a jacking

WCE0044

WPD0163

Blocking wheels Place suitable blocks s1 at both the front and back of the wheel diagonally opposite the flat tire s2 to prevent the vehicle from rolling when it is jacked up.

WARNING

Be sure to block the wheel as the vehicle may move and result in personal injury.

6-4 In case of emergency

Torxdriver

1. 2. Wheel nut wrench 3.

Jack rod

Getting the spare tire and tools 1. Open the back door.

2. Roll back the cargo area carpet.

3. Remove the wheel nut wrench and jack rod.

4. Unscrew the tool tray hold down and remove

the tool tray.

5. Use the tool tray to store lug nuts during a

tire change.

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WCE0058
6. Unscrew the jack hold down and remove the

jack.

ACE1034
7. Find the oval-shaped opening above the middle of the license plate. Pass the T-shaped end of the jack rod through the opening and direct it toward the spare tire winch, located directly above the spare tire.

CAUTION

Do not insert the jack rod straight as it is designed to be inserted at an angle as shown.

WCE0059
8. Fit the square end of the jack rod into the square hole of the wheel nut wrench to form a handle.

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9. Seat the T-shaped end of the jack rod into the T-shaped opening of the tire winch. Ap- ply pressure to keep the jack rod engaged in the spare tire winch and turn the jack rod counterclockwise to lower the spare tire.

10. Once the spare tire is completely lowered, reach under the vehicle, remove the retainer chain, and carefully slide the tire from under the rear of the vehicle.

CAUTION

Be sure to center the spare tire suspend- ing plate on the wheel and then lift the spare tire.

Type A Removing wheel cover

CAUTION

Do not use your hands to pry off wheel caps or wheel covers. Doing so could re- sult in personal injury.

Remove the wheel cover as follows: Use caution not to scratch the wheel cover or wheel surface.

6-6 In case of emergency

WCE0060

WCE0071

Type B

Type A: Firmly grasp the center wheel cap and turn either clockwise or counterclockwise to remove. Type B: 1. Wrap the end of a screwdriver with a cloth. 2. Pry the center wheel cap off by pushing on the handle of the screwdriver in the direction shown.

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c Do not allow passengers to stay in the

vehicle while it is on the jack.

c Never run the engine with a wheel(s) off the ground. It may cause the vehicle to move.

Always refer to the proper illustrations for the correct placement and jack-up points for your specific vehicle model and jack type. Carefully read the caution label attached to the jack body and the following instruc- tions. 1. Loosen each wheel nut one or two turns by turning counterclockwise with the wheel nut wrench. Do not remove the wheel nuts until the tire is off the ground.

Front

WCE0061

Rear

WCE0062

Jacking up vehicle and removing the damaged tire

WARNING

c Never get under the vehicle while it is

supported only by the jack.

c Use only the jack provided with your vehicle to lift the vehicle. Do not use the jack provided with your vehicle on other vehicles. The jack is designed for lifting only your vehicle during a tire change.

c Use the correct jack-up points. Never use any other part of the vehicle for jack support.

c Never jack up the vehicle more than

necessary.

c Never use blocks on or under the jack. c Do not start or run the engine while vehicle is on the jack. It may cause the vehicle to move. This is especially true for vehicles with limited slip differential carriers.

In case of emergency 6-7

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The jack should be used on firm and level ground.

3. To lift the vehicle, securely hold the jack lever and rod. Carefully raise the vehicle until the tire clears the ground. When using alternate rear jack-up point for 15 inch wheels, raise the ve- hicle so that the tire is no more than 2
inches (50 mm) off the ground.

4. Remove the wheel nuts and then remove the

tire.

Rear

WCE0361
(15 inch wheel alternate jack-up

point)

2. Place the jack directly under the jack-up point as illustrated so the top of the jack contacts the vehicle at the jack-up point.

Under some conditions there will not be sufficient clearance to use the primary rear jacking point on vehicles equipped with 15
inch wheels. If this occurs, use the alternate jack-up point s1 for vehicles equipped with 15 inch wheels. When using the alternate jack-up point, position the jack on the axle as close as possible to the tire that needs to be changed.

6-8 In case of emergency

WCE0063

Installing the spare tire The spare tire is designed for emergency use. See specific instructions under the heading (cid:147)Wheels and tires(cid:148) in the (cid:147)Mainte- nance and do-it-yourself(cid:148) section of this manual.

1. Clean any mud or dirt from the surface be-

tween the wheel and hub.

2. Carefully put the spare tire on and tighten

the wheel nuts finger tight.

3. With the wheel nut wrench, tighten wheel nuts alternately and evenly as illustrated until they are tight.

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4. Lower

the vehicle slowly until

the tire touches the ground. Then, with the wheel nut wrench, tighten the wheel nuts securely in the sequence illustrated. Lower the ve- hicle completely.

WARNING c Incorrect wheel nuts or

improperly tightened wheel nuts can cause the wheel to become loose or come off. This could cause an accident.

c Do not use oil or grease on the wheel studs or nuts. This could cause the nuts to become loose.

c Retighten the wheel nuts when the ve- hicle has been driven for 600 miles (1,000 km) (also in cases of a flat tire, etc.).

As soon as possible, tighten the wheel nuts to the specified torque with a torque wrench.

Wheel nut tightening torque: 98 ft-lb (133 N•m)

The wheel nuts must be kept tightened to specification at all is recom- mended that wheel nuts be tightened to specifications at each lubrication interval.

times.

It

Adjust tire pressure to the COLD pressure. COLD pressure: After vehicle has been parked for three hours or more or driven less than 1 mile (1.6 km). COLD tire pressures are shown on the tire placard affixed to the inside of the glove box lid. 5. Securely store the flat tire and jacking equip-

ment in the vehicle.

WARNING

c Always make sure that the spare tire and jacking equipment are properly se- cured after use. Such items can become dangerous projectiles in an accident or sudden stop.

c The spare tire is designed for emer- gency use. See specific instructions un- der the heading (cid:147)Wheels and tires(cid:148) in the (cid:147)Maintenance and do-it-yourself(cid:148) section of this manual.

JUMP STARTING

To start your engine with a booster battery, the instructions and precautions below must be fol- lowed.

WARNING

c If done incorrectly, jump starting can lead to a battery explosion, resulting in severe injury or death. It could also damage your vehicle.

c Explosive hydrogen gas is always present in the vicinity of the battery. Keep all sparks and flames away from the battery.

c Do not allow battery fluid to come into contact with eyes, skin, clothing or painted surfaces. Battery fluid is a cor- rosive sulfuric acid solution which can cause severe burns. If the fluid should come into contact with anything, imme- diately flush the contacted area with water.

c Keep battery out of

children.

the reach of

c The booster battery must be rated at 12
volts. Use of an improperly rated battery can damage your vehicle.

In case of emergency 6-9

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c Whenever working on or near a battery, always wear suitable eye protectors (for example, goggles or industrial safety spectacles) and remove rings, metal bands, or any other jewelry. Do not lean over the battery when jump starting.

c Do not attempt to jump start a frozen battery. It could explode and cause se- rious injury.

c Your vehicle has an automatic engine cooling fan. It could come on at any time. Keep hands and other objects away from it.

6-10 In case of emergency

WARNING

Always follow the instructions below. Failure to do so could result in damage to the charging system and cause personal injury.

1.

If the booster battery is in another vehicle, position the two vehicles to bring their bat- teries near each other.

Do not allow the two vehicles to touch.

WCE0066
2. Apply the parking brake. Move the shift lever to N (Neutral) (manual transmission) or to P (Park) (automatic transmission). Switch off all unnecessary electrical systems (lights, heater, air conditioner, etc.).

3. Remove vent caps on the battery (if so equipped). Cover the battery with an old cloth to reduce explosion hazard.

4. Connect jumper cables in the sequence il-

lustrated (sA , sB , sC , sD ).

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8. Replace the vent caps (if so equipped). Be sure to dispose of the cloth used to cover the vent holes as it may be contaminated with corrosive acid.

PUSH STARTING

WARNING

c Automatic transmission models cannot be push-started or tow-started. This may cause transmission or other ve- hicle damage.

c Three-way catalyst equipped models should not be started by pushing. The three-way catalyst may be damaged.

c Never try to start the vehicle by towing it. When the engine starts, the forward surge could cause the vehicle to collide with the tow vehicle.

CAUTION

c Always connect positive (1) to positive (1) and negative (2) to body ground (for example, strut mounting bolt, engine lift bracket, etc.) (cid:151) not to the battery.

c Make sure the jumper cables do not touch moving parts in the engine com- partment and that the cable clamps do not contact any other metal.

5. Start the engine of the booster vehicle and

let it run for a few minutes.

6. Keep the engine speed of the booster ve- hicle at about 2,000 rpm, and start the en- gine of the vehicle being jump started.

WARNING

Do not keep the starter motor engaged for more than 10 seconds. If the engine does not start right away, turn the key off and wait 3 to 4 seconds before trying again.

7. After starting the engine, carefully discon- nect the negative cable and then the positive cable.

In case of emergency 6-11

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WARNING

Be careful not to allow your hands, hair, jewelry or clothing to come into contact with, or get caught in, engine belts or the engine cooling fan. The engine cooling fan can start at any time when the coolant temperature is high.

7. After the engine cools down, check the cool- ant level in the reservoir tank with the engine running. Add coolant to the reservoir tank if necessary. Have your vehicle repaired at a NISSAN dealer.

IF YOUR VEHICLE OVERHEATS

If your vehicle is overheating (indicated by an extremely high temperature gauge reading), or if you feel a lack of engine power, detect abnormal noise, etc. take the following steps.

WARNING

c Do not continue to drive if your vehicle overheats. Doing so could cause a ve- hicle fire.

c To avoid the danger of being scalded, never remove the radiator cap while the engine is still hot. When the radiator cap is removed, pressurized hot water will spurt out, possibly causing serious injury.

c Do not open the hood if steam is com-

ing out.

1. Move the vehicle safely off the road, apply the parking brake and move the shift lever to N (Neutral) (manual transmission) or to P (Park) (automatic transmission).

Do not stop the engine.

2. Turn off the air conditioner (if so equipped). Open all the windows, move the heater or air conditioner temperature control to maximum hot and fan control to high speed.

6-12 In case of emergency

3.

If engine overheating is caused by climbing a long hill on a hot day, run the engine at a fast idle (approximately 1,500 r/min) until the temperature gauge indicator returns to nor- mal.

4. Get out of the vehicle. Look and listen for steam or coolant escaping from the radiator before opening the hood. Wait until no steam or coolant can be seen before pro- ceeding.

5. Open the engine hood.

WARNING

If steam or water is coming from the en- gine, stand clear to prevent getting burned.

6. Visually check drive belts for damage or looseness. Also check if the cooling fan is running. The radiator hoses and radiator should not leak water. If coolant is leaking, the water pump belt is missing or loose, or the cooling fan does not run, stop the en- gine.

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TOWING YOUR VEHICLE

When towing your vehicle, all State (Provincial in Canada) and local regulations for towing must be followed. Incorrect towing equipment could dam- age your vehicle. Towing instructions are avail- able from a NISSAN dealer. Local service opera- tors are generally familiar with the applicable laws and procedures for towing. To assure proper towing and to prevent accidental damage to your vehicle, NISSAN recommends having a service operator tow your vehicle. It is advisable to have the service operator carefully read the following precautions:

WARNING

c Never ride in a vehicle that is being

towed.

c Never get under your vehicle after it has

been lifted by a tow truck.

CAUTION

c When towing, make sure that the trans- mission, axles, steering system and powertrain are in working condition. If any unit is damaged, dollies must be used.

c Always attach safety chains before

towing.

TOWING RECOMMENDED BY NISSAN

ACE1037

Two-wheel drive models NISSAN recommends that your vehicle be towed with the driving (rear) wheels off the ground or place the vehicle on a flat bed truck as illustrated.

CAUTION

c Never

tow automatic transmission models with the rear wheels on the ground or four wheels on the ground (forward or backward), as this may cause serious and expensive damage to the transmission. If it is necessary to tow the vehicle with the front wheels raised always use towing dollies under the rear wheels.

c When towing automatic or manual transmission models with the front wheels on the ground or on towing dollies:

(cid:150) Turn the ignition key to the OFF posi- tion, and secure the steering wheel in a straight-ahead position with a rope or similar device. Never secure the steer- ing wheel by turning the ignition key to the LOCK position. This may damage the steering lock mechanism.

In case of emergency 6-13

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c If you have to tow manual transmission models with the rear wheels on the ground (if you do not use towing dol- lies) or four wheels on the ground: c Always release the parking brake. c Move the transmission shift lever to

the N (Neutral) position.

c Observe the following restricted tow- ing speeds and distances for manual transmission models only: Speed: Below 60 MPH (97 km/h) Distance: Less than 500 miles (805
km)

If the speed or distance must necessarily be greater, remove the propeller shaft before towing to prevent damage to the transmission.

6-14 In case of emergency

CAUTION

c Never

tow automatic transmission models with the rear wheels on the ground or four wheels on the ground, as this may cause serious and expensive damage to the transmission. If it is nec- essary to tow the vehicle with the front wheels raised always use towing dollies under the rear wheels.

c When towing automatic or manual transmission models with the front wheels on the ground or on towing dollies: c To disengage auto-lock free- running hubs see the (cid:147)Starting and driving(cid:148) section for details.

c Move the transfer case shift lever to

the 2H position.

c Turn the ignition key to the OFF po- sition, and secure the steering wheel in a straight-ahead position with a rope or similar device. Never secure the steering wheel by turning the ig- nition key to the LOCK position. This may damage the steering lock mechanism.

ACE1038

Four-wheel drive models towing dollies be NISSAN recommends that used when towing your vehicle or place the ve- hicle on a flat bed truck as illustrated.

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c If you have to tow manual transmission models with the rear wheels on the ground (if you do not use towing dol- lies) or four wheels on the ground: c To disengage auto-lock free- running hubs see the (cid:147)Starting and driving(cid:148) section for details.

c Move the transfer case shift lever to

the 2H position.

c Move the transmission shift lever to

the N (Neutral) position.

c Always release the parking brake. c Observe the following restricted tow- ing speeds and distances for manual transmission models only: Speed: Below 60 MPH (97 km/h) Distance: Less than 500 miles (805
km)

If the speed or distance must necessarily be greater, remove the propeller shaft before towing to prevent damage to the transmission.

VEHICLE RECOVERY (freeing a stuck vehicle)

WARNING

c Stand clear of a stuck vehicle. c Do not spin your tires at high speed. This could cause them to explode and result in serious injury. Parts of your vehicle could also overheat and be damaged.

CAUTION

c Tow chains or cables must be attached only to the main structural members of the vehicle.

c Pulling devices should be routed so they do not touch any part of the sus- pension, steering, brake or cooling systems.

c Always pull the cable straight out from the front or rear of the vehicle. Never pull the vehicle at an angle.

c Pulling devices such as ropes or canvas straps are not recommended for use in vehicle towing or recovery.

FLAT TOWING Towing your vehicle with all four wheels on the ground is sometimes called flat towing. This method is sometimes used when towing a vehicle behind a recreational vehicle, such as a motor home.

CAUTION

c Failure to follow these guidelines can result in severe transmission damage. c Whenever flat towing your vehicle, al-

ways tow forward, never backward.

Automatic Transmission

CAUTION

c DO NOT tow any automatic transmis- sion vehicle with all four wheels on the ground (flat towing). Doing so WILL DAMAGE internal transmission parts due to lack of transmission lubrication. c For emergency towing procedures refer to (cid:147)Towing Recommended by NISSAN(cid:148) earlier in this chapter.

In case of emergency 6-15

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To tow a vehicle equipped with an automatic transmission, an appropriate vehicle dolly MUST be placed under the towed vehicle(cid:146)s drive wheels. Always follow the dolly manufacturer(cid:146)s recommendations when using their product. Manual Transmission c Always tow with the manual transmission in

Neutral.

c On four-wheel drive vehicles, place the transfer case in the 2H range. Failure to do so will cause the powertrain to bind up.

c After towing 500 miles, start and idle the engine with the transmission in Neutral for two minutes. Failure to idle the engine after every 500 miles of towing may cause dam- age to the transmission(cid:146)s internal parts.

6-16 In case of emergency

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7 Appearance and care

Cleaning exterior . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-2
Washing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-2
Waxing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-2
Removing spots . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-2
Underbody . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-3
Glass . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-3
Aluminum alloy wheels . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-3
Chrome parts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-3
Cleaning interior. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-3

Floor mats . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-4
Seat belts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-4
Corrosion protection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-5

Most common factors contributing to vehicle corrosion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-5
Environmental factors influence the rate of corrosion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-5
To protect your vehicle from corrosion . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-5

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CLEANING EXTERIOR

In order to maintain the appearance of your ve- hicle, it is important to take proper care of it.

In the following cases, please wash your vehicle as soon as possible to protect the paint surface: c after a rainfall to prevent possible damage

from acid rain.

c after driving on coastal roads. c when contaminants such as soot, bird drop- pings, tree sap, metal particles or bugs get on the paint surface.

c when dust or mud builds up on the surface. Whenever possible, store or park your vehicle inside a garage or in a covered area.

When it is necessary to park outside, park in a shady area or protect the vehicle with a body cover. Be careful not to scratch the paint surface when putting on or removing the body cover. WASHING Wash dirt off with a wet sponge and plenty of water. Clean the vehicle thoroughly using a mild soap, a special vehicle soap or general purpose dishwashing liquid mixed with clean, lukewarm (never hot) water. 7-2 Appearance and care

CAUTION

c Do not wash the vehicle with strong household soap, strong chemical deter- gents, gasoline or solvents.

c Avoid using tight-napped or

c Do not wash the vehicle in direct sun- light or while the vehicle body is hot, as the surface may become water-spotted. rough cloths, such as washing mitts. Care must removing caked-on dirt or other foreign sub- stances so the paint surface is not scratched or damaged.

taken when

be

Rinse the vehicle thoroughly with plenty of clean water. Inside flanges, seams and folds on the doors, hatches and hood are particularly vulnerable to the effects of road salt. Therefore, these areas must be cleaned regularly. Take care that the drain holes in the lower edge of the door are open. Spray water under the body and in the wheel wells to loosen the dirt and wash away road salt. A damp chamois can be used to dry the vehicle to avoid water spots.

WAXING Regular waxing protects the paint surface and helps retain new vehicle appearance. After wax- ing, polishing is recommended to remove built-up residue and to avoid a (cid:147)weathered(cid:148) ap- pearance.

A NISSAN dealer can assist you in choosing the proper product. c Wax your vehicle only after a thorough wash- ing. Follow the instructions supplied with the wax.

c Do not use a wax containing any abrasives, cutting compounds or cleaners that may damage the vehicle finish.

c If the surface does not polish easily, use a

(cid:147)road tar(cid:148) remover and wax again.

Machine compounding or aggressive polishing on a base coat/clear coat paint finish may dull the finish or leave swirl marks. REMOVING SPOTS Remove tar and oil spots, industrial dust, insects, and tree sap as quickly as possible from the surface of the paint to avoid lasting damage or staining. Special cleaning products are available at a NISSAN dealer or any automotive accessory store.

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ALUMINUM ALLOY WHEELS Wash the wheels regularly, especially during win- ter months in areas where road salt is used. If not removed, road salt could discolor the wheels. CHROME PARTS Clean all chrome parts regularly with a non- abrasive chrome polish to maintain the finish.

UNDERBODY In areas where road salt is used in winter, it is necessary to clean the underbody regularly in order to prevent dirt and salt from building up and causing the acceleration of corrosion on the un- derbody and suspension. Before the winter pe- riod and again in the spring, the underseal must be checked and, if necessary, retreated. GLASS Use glass cleaner to remove smoke and dust film from the glass surfaces. It is normal for glass to become coated with a film after the vehicle is parked in the hot sun. Glass cleaner and a soft cloth will easily remove this film.

CAUTION

When cleaning the inside of the windows, do not use sharp-edged tools, abrasive cleaners or chlorine-based disinfectant cleaners. They could damage the electri- cal conductors, radio antenna elements or rear window defroster elements.

CLEANING INTERIOR

Occasionally remove loose dust from the interior trim, plastic parts and seats using a vacuum cleaner or soft brush. Wipe the vinyl and leather surfaces with a clean, soft cloth dampened in mild soap solution, then wipe clean with a dry, soft cloth. Before using any fabric protector, read the manufacturer(cid:146)s recommendations. Some fab- ric protectors contain chemicals that may stain or bleach the seat material. Use a cloth dampened only with water to clean the meter and gauge lens.

CAUTION

c Never use benzine, thinner or any simi-

lar material.

c The leather seats should be regularly coated with a leather wax like saddle soap. Never use car wax.

c Never use fabric protectors unless rec-

ommended by the manufacturer.

c Do not use glass or plastic cleaner on meter or gauge lens covers. It may dam- age the lens cover.

Appearance and care 7-3

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SEAT BELTS The seat belts can be cleaned by wiping them with a sponge dampened in a mild soap solution. Allow the belts to dry completely in the shade before using them. See (cid:147)Seat belt maintenance(cid:148) in the (cid:147)Safety (cid:150) Seats, seat belts and supplemen- tal air bags(cid:148) section of this manual.

WARNING

Do not allow wet seat belts to roll up in the retractor. NEVER use bleach, dye or chemical solvents to clean the seat belts, since these materials may severely weaken the seat belt webbing.

FLOOR MATS The use of genuine NISSAN floor mats can ex- tend the life of your vehicle carpet and make it easier to clean the interior. No matter what mats are used, be sure they are fitted for your vehicle and are properly positioned in the footwell to prevent interference with pedal operation. Mats should be maintained with regular cleaning and replaced if they be- come excessively worn.

7-4 Appearance and care

WAI0006
Floor mat positioning aid (driver(cid:146)s side only) This vehicle includes a front floor mat bracket to act as a floor mat positioning aid. NISSAN floor mats have been specially designed for your ve- hicle model. The driver(cid:146)s side floor mat has a grommet hole incorporated in it. Position the mat by placing the floor mat bracket hook through the floor mat grommet hole while centering the mat in the footwell. Periodically check to make certain the mats are properly positioned.

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CORROSION PROTECTION

MOST COMMON FACTORS CONTRIBUTING TO VEHICLE CORROSION 1. The accumulation of moisture-retaining dirt and debris in body panel sections, cavities, and other areas.

2. Damage to paint and other protective coat- ings caused by gravel and stone chips or minor traffic accidents.

ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS INFLUENCE THE RATE OF CORROSION Moisture Accumulation of sand, dirt and water on the ve- hicle body underside can accelerate corrosion. Wet floor coverings will not dry completely inside the vehicle, and should be removed for drying to avoid floor panel corrosion. Relative humidity Corrosion will be accelerated: c in areas of high relative humidity. c in areas where the temperatures stay above

freezing.

c where atmospheric pollution exists. c where road salt is used.

Temperature High temperatures accelerate the rate of corro- sion to those parts which are not well ventilated. Air pollution Industrial pollution, the presence of salt in the air in coastal areas, or heavy road salt use acceler- ates the corrosion process. Road salt also accel- erates the disintegration of paint surfaces. TO PROTECT YOUR VEHICLE FROM CORROSION c Wash and wax your vehicle often to keep the

vehicle clean.

c Always check for minor damage to the paint

and repair it as soon as possible.

c Keep drain holes at the bottom of the doors and tailgate open to avoid water accumula- tion.

c Check the underbody for accumulation of sand, dirt or salt. If present, wash with water as soon as possible.

CAUTION

c NEVER remove dirt, sand or other de- bris from the passenger compartment by washing it out with a hose. Remove dirt with a vacuum cleaner or broom.

c Never allow water or other liquids to come in contact with electronic compo- nents inside the vehicle as this may damage them.

Chemicals used for road surface de-icing are extremely corrosive. They accelerate corrosion and deterioration of underbody components such as the exhaust system, fuel and brake lines, brake cables, floor pan and fenders. In winter, the underbody must be cleaned periodically. For additional protection against rust and corro- sion, which may be required in some areas, con- sult a NISSAN dealer.

Appearance and care 7-5

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MEMO

7-6 Appearance and care

8 Maintenance and do-it-yourself

Maintenance requirements. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-2
General maintenance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-2
Explanation of general maintenance items . . . . . . . . . 8-2
Maintenance precautions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-5
Engine compartment check locations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-6
Engine cooling system . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-9
Checking engine coolant level . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-9
Changing engine coolant . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-10
Engine oil. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .8-10
Checking engine oil level . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-10
Changing engine oil . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-11
Changing engine oil filter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-13
Automatic transmission fluid . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-14
Temperature conditions for checking. . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-14
Power steering fluid. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-15
Brake and clutch fluid . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-16
Brake fluid . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-16
Clutch fluid . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-16
Window washer fluid . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-17
Window washer fluid reservoir . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-17
Battery . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .8-18
Jump starting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-19
Drive belts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-19

Spark plugs. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-21
Replacing spark plugs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-21
Air cleaner . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-22
In-cabin Microfilter (if so equipped) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-23
Windshield wiper blades . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-26
Cleaning . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-26
Replacing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-26
Parking brake and brake pedal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-29
Checking parking brake . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-29
Checking brake pedal. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-29
Brake booster. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-30
Fuses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .8-31
Passenger compartment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-31
Keyfob battery replacement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-32
Lights . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .8-33
Headlights . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-33
Fog lights (if so equipped) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-34
Exterior and interior lights. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-36
Wheels and tires . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-40
Tire pressure. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-40
Types of tires. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-40
Tire chains. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-41
Changing wheels and tires . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-42

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MAINTENANCE REQUIREMENTS

GENERAL MAINTENANCE

Your new NISSAN has been designed to have minimum maintenance requirements with longer service intervals to save you both time and money. However, some day-to-day and regular maintenance is essential to maintain your NIS- SAN(cid:146)s good mechanical condition, as well as its emission and engine performance. It is the owner(cid:146)s responsibility to make sure that the scheduled maintenance, as well as general maintenance, is performed. As the vehicle owner, you are the only one who can ensure that your vehicle receives proper maintenance. You are a vital link in the mainte- nance chain. Scheduled maintenance For your convenience, both required and optional scheduled maintenance items are described and listed in your (cid:147)NISSAN Service and Maintenance Guide.(cid:148) You must refer to that guide to ensure that necessary maintenance is performed on your NISSAN at regular intervals. General maintenance General maintenance includes those items which should be checked during normal day-to-day op- eration of the vehicle. They are essential if your vehicle is to continue to operate properly. It is your responsibility to perform these maintenance procedures regularly as prescribed. 8-2 Maintenance and do-it-yourself

Performing general maintenance checks requires minimal mechanical skill and only a few general automotive tools. These checks or inspections can be done by you, a qualified technician, or, if you prefer, a NISSAN dealer. Where to go for service If maintenance service is required or your vehicle appears to malfunction, have the systems checked and corrected by a NISSAN dealer. NISSAN technicians are well-trained specialists who are kept up-to-date with the latest service information through technical bulletins, service tips, and in-dealership training programs. They are completely qualified to work on NISSAN ve- hicles before they work on your vehicle, rather than after they have worked on it. You can be confident that a NISSAN dealer(cid:146)s service department performs the best job to meet the maintenance requirements on your vehicle (cid:151) in a reliable and economic way.

During the normal day-to-day operation of the vehicle, general maintenance should be per- formed regularly as prescribed in this section. If you detect any unusual sounds, vibrations or smells, be sure to check for the cause or have a NISSAN dealer do it promptly. In addition, you should notify a NISSAN dealer if you think that repairs are required.

When performing any checks or maintenance work, closely observe the (cid:147)Maintenance precau- tions(cid:148) later in this section. EXPLANATION OF GENERAL MAINTENANCE ITEMS information on the following Additional items with (cid:147)*(cid:148) is found later in this section. Outside the vehicle The maintenance items listed here should be performed from time to time, unless otherwise specified. Doors, engine hood and tailgate Check that the doors, engine hood and tailgate operate properly. Also ensure that all latches lock se- curely. Lubricate hinges, latches, latch pins, roll- ers and links as necessary. Make sure that the secondary latch keeps the hood from opening when the primary latch is released.

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When driving in areas using road salt or other corrosive materials, check lubrication frequently. Lights* Clean the headlights on a regular basis. Make sure that the headlights, stop lights, tail lights, turn signal lights, and other lights are all operating properly and installed securely. Also check headlight aim. Road wheel nuts (lug nuts)* When checking the tires, make sure no wheel nuts are missing, and check for any loose wheel nuts. Tighten if necessary. Tire rotation* Tires should be rotated every 7,500 miles (12,000 km). Tire, wheel alignment and balance If the vehicle should pull to either side while driving on a straight and level road, or if you detect uneven or abnormal tire wear, there may be a need for wheel alignment. If the steering wheel or seat vibrates at normal highway speeds, wheel balancing may be needed. c For additional

information regarding tires, refer to (cid:147)Important Tire Safety Information(cid:148) (US) or (cid:147)Tire Safety Information(cid:148) (Canada) in the Warranty Information Booklet .

Tires* Check the pressure with a gauge at least once a month and always prior to long distance

trips. If necessary, adjust the pressure in all tires, including the spare, to the pressure specified. Check carefully for damage, cuts or excessive wear. Windshield Clean the windshield on a regular basis. Check the windshield at least every six months for cracks or other damage. Have a dam- aged windshield repaired by a qualified repair facility. Windshield wiper blades* Check for cracks or wear if they do not wipe properly. Inside the vehicle The maintenance items listed here should be checked on a regular basis, such as when per- forming periodic maintenance, cleaning the ve- hicle, etc. Additional information on the following items with an (cid:147)*(cid:148) is found later in this sec- tion. Accelerator pedal Check the pedal for smooth operation and make sure the pedal does not bind or require uneven effort. Keep the floor mat away from the pedal. Automatic transmission P (Park) position mechanism Check that the lock release button on the shift selector lever operates properly and smoothly. On a fairly steep hill check that your

vehicle is held securely with the selector lever in the P position without applying any brakes. Brake pedal and booster* Check the pedal for smooth operation and make sure it has the proper distance under it when depressed fully. Check the brake booster function. Be certain to keep the floor mat away from the pedal. Brakes Check that the brakes do not pull the vehicle to one side when applied. Clutch pedal* Make sure the pedal operates smoothly and check that it has the proper free travel. Parking brake* Check that the pedal has the proper travel and confirm that your vehicle is held securely on a fairly steep hill with only the parking brake applied. Seats Check seat position controls such as seat adjusters, seatback recliner, etc. to ensure they operate smoothly and all latches lock securely in every position. Check that the head restraints move up and down smoothly and the locks (if so equipped) hold securely in all latched positions. Seat belts Check that all parts of the seat belt system (for example, buckles, anchors, adjusters and retractors) operate properly and smoothly, and are installed securely. Check the belt web- bing for cuts, fraying, wear or damage.

Maintenance and do-it-yourself 8-3

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etc., that may have accumulated. Make sure the hoses have no cracks, deformation, rot or loose connections. Underbody The underbody is frequently ex- posed to corrosive substances such as those used on icy roads or to control dust. It is very important to remove these substances from the underbody, otherwise rust may form on the floor pan, frame, fuel lines and exhaust system. At the end of winter, the underbody should be thor- oughly flushed with plain water, in those areas where mud and dirt may have accumulated. See the (cid:147)Appearance and care(cid:148) section of this manual. Windshield washer fluid* Check that there is adequate fluid in the reservoir.

Steering wheel Check for changes in the steer- ing system, such as excessive freeplay, hard steering or strange noises. Warning lights and chimes Make sure all warning lights and chimes are operating properly. Windshield wiper and washer* Check that the wipers and washer operate properly and that the wipers do not streak. Windshield defroster Check that the air comes out of the defroster outlets properly and in sufficient quantity when operating the heater or air conditioner. Under the hood and vehicle The maintenance items listed here should be checked periodically (for example, each time you check the engine oil or refuel). Automatic transmission fluid level* Check the level after putting the selector lever in P with the engine idling at operating temperature. Battery* Check the fluid level It should be between the MAX and MIN lines. Ve- hicles operated in high temperatures or under severe conditions require frequent checks of the battery fluid level. Brake and clutch fluid levels* Make sure that the brake and clutch fluid level is between the MIN and MAX lines on the reservoir. 8-4 Maintenance and do-it-yourself

in each cell.

Engine coolant level* Check the coolant level when the engine is cold. Engine drive belts* Make sure the drive belts are not frayed, worn, cracked or oily. Engine oil level* Check the level after parking the vehicle on a level surface with the engine off. Wait more than 10 minutes for the oil to drain back into the oil pan. Exhaust system Make sure there are no loose supports, cracks or holes. If the sound of the exhaust seems unusual or there is a smell of exhaust fumes, immediately have the exhaust system inspected by a NISSAN dealer. See the carbon monoxide warning in the (cid:147)Starting and driving(cid:148) section of this manual. Fluid leaks Check under the vehicle for fuel, oil, water or other fluid leaks after the vehicle has been parked for a while. Water dripping from the air conditioner after use is normal. If you should notice any leaks or if gasoline fumes are evident, check for the cause and have it corrected imme- diately. Power steering fluid level* and lines Check the level when the fluid is cold, with the engine off. Check the lines for proper attachment, leaks, cracks, etc. Radiator and hoses Check the front of the radiator and clean off any dirt, insects, leaves,

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MAINTENANCE PRECAUTIONS

When performing any inspection or maintenance work on your vehicle, always take care to prevent serious accidental injury to yourself or damage to the vehicle. The following are general precau- tions which should be closely observed.

WARNING

c Park the vehicle on a level surface, ap- ply the parking brake securely and block the wheels to prevent the vehicle from moving. For manual transmission models, move the shift lever to N (Neu- tral). For automatic transmission mod- els, move the selector lever to P (Park). c Be sure the ignition key is in the OFF or LOCK position when performing any parts replacement or repairs.

c Never leave the engine or automatic transmission related component har- nesses disconnected while the ignition switch is in the ON position.

c Never connect or disconnect the battery or any transistorized component while the ignition switch is in the ON position. c If you must work with the engine run- ning, keep your hands, clothing, hair and tools away from moving fans, belts and any other moving parts.

c It is advisable to secure or remove any loose clothing and remove any jewelry, such as rings, watches, etc. before working on your vehicle.

c Always wear eye protection whenever

you work on your vehicle.

c If you must run the engine in an en- closed space such as a garage, be sure there is proper ventilation for exhaust gases to escape.

c Never get under the vehicle while it is supported only by a jack. If it is neces- sary to work under the vehicle, support it with safety stands.

c Keep smoking materials,

flame and sparks away from the fuel tank and battery.

c On gasoline engine models with the multiport fuel injection (MFI) system, the fuel filter or fuel lines should be serviced by a NISSAN dealer because the fuel lines are under high pressure even when the engine is off.

CAUTION

c Do not work under the hood while the engine is hot. Turn the engine off and wait until it cools down.

c Avoid contact with used engine oil and coolant. Improperly disposed engine oil, engine coolant and/or other vehicle fluids can damage the environment. Al- ways conform to local regulations for disposal of vehicle fluid.

This (cid:147)Maintenance and do-it-yourself(cid:148) section gives instructions regarding only those items which are relatively easy for an owner to perform. A genuine NISSAN service manual is also avail- able. See (cid:147)Owner(cid:146)s Manual/Service Manual or- der information(cid:148) in the (cid:147)Technical and consumer information(cid:148) section of this manual. You should be aware that incomplete or improper servicing may result in operating difficulties or excessive emissions, and could affect warranty coverage. If in doubt about any servicing, have it done by a NISSAN dealer.

Maintenance and do-it-yourself 8-5

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ENGINE COMPARTMENT CHECK LOCATIONS

KA24DE engine 1. 2.

Power steering fluid reservoir Automatic transmission fluid dipstick (A/T model) Air cleaner Engine oil filler cap Engine oil dipstick Brake fluid reservoir

3. 4. 5. 6. 7. Clutch fluid reservoir (M/T model) 8. Windshield washer fluid reservoir 9. 10. Coolant reservoir 11. Battery

Radiator cap

8-6 Maintenance and do-it-yourself

WDI0087

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VG33E engine 1. 2. 3.

Fuse/fusible link holder Power steering fluid reservoir Automatic transmission fluid dipstick (A/T model) Brake fluid reservoir

Air cleaner

4. 5. Clutch fluid reservoir (M/T model) 6. 7. Windshield washer fluid reservoir 8. 9. 10. Engine oil filler cap 11. Coolant reservoir 12. Battery

Engine oil dipstick Radiator cap

WDI0269

Maintenance and do-it-yourself 8-7

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VG33ER engine 1. 2. 3.

Fuse/fusible link holder Power steering fluid reservoir Automatic transmission fluid dipstick (A/T model) Supercharger Brake fluid reservoir Air cleaner

4. 5. 6. 7. Windshield washer fluid reservoir 8. 9. 10. Engine oil filler cap 11. Coolant reservoir 12. Battery

Engine oil dipstick Radiator cap

8-8 Maintenance and do-it-yourself

WDI0270

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ENGINE COOLING SYSTEM

The engine cooling system is filled at the factory with a high-quality, year-round, anti-freeze cool- ant solution. The anti-freeze solution contains rust and corrosion inhibitors; therefore, additional engine cooling system additives are not neces- sary.

WARNING

c Never remove the radiator cap when the engine is hot. Wait until the engine and radiator cool down. Serious burns could be caused by high pressure fluid escaping from the radiator. See precau- tions in (cid:147)If your vehicle overheats(cid:148) found in the (cid:147)In case of emergency(cid:148) section of this manual.

c The radiator is equipped with a pres- sure type radiator cap. To prevent en- gine damage, use only a genuine NISSAN radiator cap.

Outside temperature

down to

(cid:176)C

-35

(cid:176)F

-30

Demineral- ized or dis- tilled water

Genuine NISSAN Long Life Anti-freeze coolant or equivalent

50%

50%

CAUTION

When adding or replacing coolant, be sure to use only a Genuine Nissan Long Life Anti-Freeze Coolant (green) or equivalent with the proper mixture ratio of 50% anti- freeze and 50% demineralized or distilled water. The use of other types of coolant solutions or coolant colors, such as or- ange, may damage the engine cooling system.

WDI0271

CHECKING ENGINE COOLANT LEVEL Check the coolant level in the reservoir when the engine is cold. If the coolant level is below the MIN level, add coolant to the MAX level. If the reservoir is empty, check the coolant level in the radiator when the engine is cold. If there is insufficient coolant in the radiator, fill the radiator with coolant up to the filler opening and also add it to the reservoir up to the MAX level. If the cooling system frequently requires coolant, have it checked by a NISSAN dealer.

Maintenance and do-it-yourself 8-9

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CHANGING ENGINE COOLANT A NISSAN dealer can change the engine coolant. The service procedure can be found in the NISSAN Service Manual. Improper servicing can result in reduced heater performance and engine overheat- ing.

WARNING

c To avoid the danger of being scalded, never change the coolant when the en- gine is hot.

c Never remove the radiator cap when the engine is hot. Serious burns could be caused by high pressure fluid escaping from the radiator.

c Avoid direct skin contact with used coolant. If skin contact is made, wash thoroughly with soap or hand cleaner as soon as possible.

c Keep coolant out of the reach of chil-

dren and pets.

Engine coolant must be disposed of properly. Check your local regulations.

8-10 Maintenance and do-it-yourself

ENGINE OIL

WDI0272

WDI0273

KA24DE engine

CHECKING ENGINE OIL LEVEL 1. Park the vehicle on a level surface and apply

the parking brake.

2. Start the engine and let it idle until it reaches

operating temperature.

VG33E/VG33ER engine

3. Turn off the engine. Wait more than 10
minutes for the oil to drain back into the oil pan.

4. Remove the dipstick and wipe it clean. Re-

insert it all the way.

5. Remove the dipstick again and check the oil level. It should be between the H (High) and L (Low) marks. This is the normal operating oil level range. If the oil level is below the L (Low) mark, remove the oil filler cap and pour recommended oil through the opening. Do not overfill.

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WDI0175

WDI0274

WDI0275

KA24DE engine

VG33E/VG33ER engine

6. Recheck oil level with the dipstick. It is normal to add some oil between oil maintenance intervals or during the break-in period, depending on the severity of operating conditions.

CAUTION

Oil level should be checked regularly. Op- erating the engine with an insufficient amount of oil can damage the engine, and such damage is not covered by warranty.

KA24DE engine CHANGING ENGINE OIL 1. Park the vehicle on a level surface and apply

the parking brake.

2. Start the engine and let it idle until it reaches

operating temperature, then turn it off.

3. Remove the oil filler cap by turning it coun-

terclockwise.

4. Place a large drain pan under the drain plug.

Maintenance and do-it-yourself 8-11

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WDI0276

VG33E/VG33ER engine

5. Remove the drain plug with a wrench by turning it counterclockwise and completely drain the oil.

If the oil filter is to be changed, remove and replace it at this time. See (cid:147)Changing engine oil filter(cid:148) later in this section.

WARNING

c Prolonged and repeated contact with used engine oil may cause skin cancer.

8-12 Maintenance and do-it-yourself

The drain and refill capacity depends on the oil temperature and drain time. Use these specifications for reference only. Always use the dipstick to determine when the proper amount of oil is in the engine.

8. Start the engine. Check for leakage around the drain plug and oil filter. Correct as re- quired.

9. Turn the engine off and wait more than 10
minutes. Check the oil level with the dipstick. Add engine oil if necessary.

c Try to avoid direct skin contact with used oil. If skin contact is made, wash thoroughly with soap or hand cleaner as soon as possible.

c Keep used engine oil out of reach of

children.

CAUTION

Be careful not to burn yourself. The engine oil may be hot.

c Waste oil must be disposed of prop-

erly.

c Check your local regulations.

6. Clean and reinstall the drain plug and a new washer. Securely tighten the drain plug with a wrench. Do not use excessive force. Drain plug tightening torque: 22 - 29 ft-lb (29 - 39 N•m)

7. Refill engine with recommended oil through the oil filler opening, then install the oil filler cap securely.

and

(cid:147)Capacities

recommended See fuel/lubricants(cid:148) in the (cid:147)Technical and con- sumer information(cid:148) section of this manual for drain and refill capacity.

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7. Coat the gasket on the new filter with clean

engine oil.

8. Screw on the oil filter until a slight resistance

is felt, then tighten an additional 2/3 turn.

9. Start

the engine and check for leakage