K ELECTRICAL
SECTION SC A
B
STARTING & CHARGING SYSTEM
CONTENTS
PRECAUTIONS .......................................................... 2
Precautions for Supplemental Restraint System
(SRS) “AIR BAG” and “SEAT BELT PRE-TEN-
SIONER” .................................................................. 2
Wiring Diagrams and Trouble Diagnosis .................. 2
PREPARATION ........................................................... 3
Special Service Tool ................................................. 3
Commercial Service Tools ........................................ 3
BATTERY .................................................................... 4
How to Handle Battery ............................................. 4
METHODS OF PREVENTING OVER-DIS-
CHARGE ............................................................... 4
CHECKING ELECTROLYTE LEVEL .................... 4
SPECIFIC GRAVITY CHECK ............................... 5
CHARGING THE BATTERY ................................. 6
Trouble Diagnoses with Battery/Starting/Charging
System Tester .......................................................... 6
DIAGNOSTIC RESULT ITEM CHART .................. 8
STARTING SYSTEM .................................................. 9
System Description .................................................. 9
M/T MODELS ........................................................ 9
A/T MODELS ........................................................ 9
CAN Communication System Description ................ 9
Wiring Diagram — START — ................................. 10
M/T MODELS ...................................................... 10
4 A/T MODEL .......................................................11
5 A/T MODEL ...................................................... 12
Trouble Diagnoses with Battery/Starting/Charging
System Tester ........................................................ 13
DIAGNOSTIC RESULT ITEM CHART ................ 13
WORK FLOW ...................................................... 14
DIAGNOSTIC PROCEDURE 1 ........................... 15
DIAGNOSTIC PROCEDURE 2 ........................... 16
MINIMUM SPECIFICATION OF CRANKING
VOLTAGE REFERENCING COOLANT TEM-
PERATURE ......................................................... 17
Removal and Installation ........................................ 17
M/T MODELS ...................................................... 17
Removal and Installation ........................................ 17
4-SPEED A/T MODELS ...................................... 17
Removal and Installation ........................................ 18
5-SPEED A/T MODELS ...................................... 18
Pinion/Clutch Check ............................................... 20
CHARGING SYSTEM ............................................... 21
System Description ................................................. 21
Wiring Diagram — CHARGE — ............................. 22
Trouble Diagnoses with Battery/Starting/Charging
System Tester ......................................................... 23
DIAGNOSTIC RESULT ITEM CHART ................ 24
WORK FLOW ...................................................... 25
DIAGNOSTIC PROCEDURE 1 ........................... 26
DIAGNOSTIC PROCEDURE 2 ........................... 27
DIAGNOSTIC PROCEDURE 3 ........................... 28
MALFUNCTION INDICATOR .............................. 29
Removal and Installation ........................................ 29
QR25DE .............................................................. 29
VQ35DE .............................................................. 29
SERVICE DATA AND SPECIFICATIONS (SDS) ...... 31
Battery .................................................................... 31
Starter ..................................................................... 31
Generator ............................................................... 31
Revision: March 2005
SC-1
2005 Altima
C
D
E
F
G
H
I
J
SC
L
M
PRECAUTIONS
PFP:00001
PRECAUTIONS
Precautions for Supplemental Restraint System (SRS) “AIR BAG” and “SEAT
BELT PRE-TENSIONER”
The Supplemental Restraint System such as “AIR BAG” and “SEAT BELT PRE-TENSIONER”, used along
with a front seat belt, helps to reduce the risk or severity of injury to the driver and front passenger for certain
types of collision. This system includes seat belt switch inputs and dual stage front air bag modules. The SRS
system uses the seat belt switches to determine the front air bag deployment, and may only deploy one front
air bag, depending on the severity of a collision and whether the front occupants are belted or unbelted.
Information necessary to service the system safely is included in the SRS and SB section of this Service Man-
ual.
WARNING:
G
To avoid rendering the SRS inoperative, which could increase the risk of personal injury or death
in the event of a collision which would result in air bag inflation, all maintenance must be per-
formed by an authorized NISSAN/INFINITI dealer.
Improper maintenance, including incorrect removal and installation of the SRS, can lead to per-
sonal injury caused by unintentional activation of the system. For removal of Spiral Cable and Air
Bag Module, see the SRS section.
G
EKS008KU
G Do not use electrical test equipment on any circuit related to the SRS unless instructed to in this
Service Manual. SRS wiring harnesses can be identified by yellow and/or orange harnesses or
harness connectors.
Wiring Diagrams and Trouble Diagnosis
When you read wiring diagrams, refer to the following:
G
GI-14, "How to Read Wiring Diagrams" .
PG-4, "POWER SUPPLY ROUTING CIRCUIT" for power distribution circuit.
G
When you perform trouble diagnosis, refer to the following:
G GI-10, "HOW TO FOLLOW TEST GROUPS IN TROUBLE DIAGNOSES".
G GI-26, "How to Perform Efficient Diagnosis for an Electrical Incident".
EKS008KV
Revision: March 2005
SC-2
2005 Altima
PREPARATION
Special Service Tool
Tool number
Tool name
J-44373 Model 620
Battery/Starting/Charging system
tester
PREPARATION
SEL403X
PFP:00002
EKS008KW
Description
Commercial Service Tools
EKS008KX
Tool number
Tool name
Power tool
Description
Loosening bolts and nuts
PBIC0190E
A
B
C
D
E
F
G
H
I
J
SC
L
M
Revision: March 2005
SC-3
2005 Altima
BATTERY
PFP:AYBGL
EKS008KY
BATTERY
How to Handle Battery
CAUTION:
G
If it becomes necessary to start the engine with a booster battery and jumper cables, use a 12-volt
booster battery.
G After connecting battery cables, ensure that they are tightly clamped to battery terminals for good
contact.
G Never add distilled water through the hole used to check specific gravity.
METHODS OF PREVENTING OVER-DISCHARGE
The following precautions must be taken to prevent over-discharging
a battery.
G
G
G
The battery surface (particularly its top) should always be kept
clean and dry.
The terminal connections should be clean and tight.
At every routine maintenance, check the electrolyte level.
This also applies to batteries designated as “low maintenance”
and “maintenance-free”.
G When the vehicle is not going to be used over a long period of
time, disconnect the negative battery terminal.
G Check the charge condition of the battery.
Periodically check the specific gravity of the electrolyte. Keep a
close check on charge condition to prevent over-discharge.
MEL040F
MEL041F
MEL042F
CHECKING ELECTROLYTE LEVEL
WARNING:
Do not allow battery fluid to come in contact with skin, eyes, fabrics, or painted surfaces. After touch-
ing a battery, do not touch or rub your eyes until you have thoroughly washed your hands. If acid con-
tacts eyes, skin or clothing, immediately flush with water for 15 minutes and seek medical attention.
Revision: March 2005
SC-4
2005 Altima
A
B
C
D
E
F
G
H
I
J
SC
L
M
MEL043F
SEL709E
MEL042FA
BATTERY
G Remove the cell plug using a suitable tool.
G
Add distilled water up to the MAX level.
Sulphation
A battery will be completely discharged if it is left unattended
for a long time and the specific gravity will become less than
1.100. This may result in sulphation on the cell plates.
To determine if a battery has been “sulphated”, note its voltage
and current when charging it. As shown in the figure, less cur-
rent and higher voltage are observed in the initial stage of
charging sulphated batteries.
A sulphated battery may sometimes be brought back into ser-
vice by means of a long, slow charge, 12 hours or more, fol-
lowed by a battery capacity test.
SPECIFIC GRAVITY CHECK
1. Read hydrometer and thermometer indications at eye level.
2. Use the following chart to correct your hydrometer reading
according to electrolyte temperature.
Hydrometer Temperature Correction
Battery electrolyte temperature °C (°F)
Add to specific gravity reading
71 (160)
66 (150)
60 (140)
54 (130)
49 (120)
43 (110)
38 (100)
32 (90)
27 (80)
21 (70)
16 (60)
10 (50)
4 (40)
−1 (30)
−7 (20)
0.032
0.028
0.024
0.020
0.016
0.012
0.008
0.004
0
−0.004
−0.008
−0.012
−0.016
−0.020
−0.024
Revision: March 2005
SC-5
2005 Altima
BATTERY
Battery electrolyte temperature °C (°F)
Add to specific gravity reading
−12 (10)
−18 (0)
−0.028
−0.032
Corrected specific gravity
Approximate charge condition
1.260 - 1.280
1.230 - 1.250
1.200 - 1.220
1.170 - 1.190
1.140 - 1.160
1.110 - 1.130
Fully charged
3/4 charged
1/2 charged
1/4 charged
Almost discharged
Completely discharged
CHARGING THE BATTERY
CAUTION:
G Do not “quick charge” a fully discharged battery.
G Keep the battery away from open flame while it is being charged.
G When connecting the charger, connect the leads first, then turn on the charger. Do not turn on the
charger first, as this may cause a spark.
If battery electrolyte temperature rises above 60°C (140°F), stop charging. Always charge battery
at a temperature below 60°C (140°F).
G
Charging Rates
Amps
50
25
10
5
Time
1 hour
2 hours
5 hours
10 hours
Do not charge at more than 50 ampere rate.
NOTE:
The ammeter reading on your battery charger will automatically decrease as the battery charges. This indi-
cates that the voltage of the battery is increasing normally as the state of charge improves. The charging amps
indicated above refer to initial charge rate.
G
If, after charging, the specific gravity of any two cells varies more than .050, the battery should be
replaced.
Trouble Diagnoses with Battery/Starting/Charging System Tester
CAUTION:
When working with batteries, always wear appropriate eye protection.
NOTE:
G
G