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K ELECTRICAL
SECTION SC A
STARTING & CHARGING SYSTEM
CONTENTS
PRECAUTIONS .......................................................... 2
Precautions for Supplemental Restraint System (SRS) “AIR BAG” and “SEAT BELT PRE-TEN- SIONER” .................................................................. 2
Wiring Diagrams and Trouble Diagnosis .................. 2
PREPARATION ........................................................... 3
Special Service Tool ................................................. 3
Commercial Service Tools ........................................ 3
BATTERY .................................................................... 4
How to Handle Battery ............................................. 4METHODS OF PREVENTING OVER-DIS- CHARGE ............................................................... 4
CHECKING ELECTROLYTE LEVEL .................... 4
SPECIFIC GRAVITY CHECK ............................... 5
CHARGING THE BATTERY ................................. 6Trouble Diagnoses with Battery/Starting/Charging System Tester .......................................................... 6
DIAGNOSTIC RESULT ITEM CHART .................. 8
STARTING SYSTEM .................................................. 9
System Description .................................................. 9
M/T MODELS ........................................................ 9
A/T MODELS ........................................................ 9
CAN Communication System Description ................ 9
Wiring Diagram — START — ................................. 10
M/T MODELS ...................................................... 10
4 A/T MODEL .......................................................11
5 A/T MODEL ...................................................... 12Trouble Diagnoses with Battery/Starting/Charging System Tester ........................................................ 13
DIAGNOSTIC RESULT ITEM CHART ................ 13
WORK FLOW ...................................................... 14DIAGNOSTIC PROCEDURE 1 ........................... 15
DIAGNOSTIC PROCEDURE 2 ........................... 16
MINIMUM SPECIFICATION OF CRANKING VOLTAGE REFERENCING COOLANT TEM- PERATURE ......................................................... 17
Removal and Installation ........................................ 17
M/T MODELS ...................................................... 17
Removal and Installation ........................................ 17
4-SPEED A/T MODELS ...................................... 17
Removal and Installation ........................................ 18
5-SPEED A/T MODELS ...................................... 18
Pinion/Clutch Check ............................................... 20
CHARGING SYSTEM ............................................... 21
System Description ................................................. 21
Wiring Diagram — CHARGE — ............................. 22
Trouble Diagnoses with Battery/Starting/Charging System Tester ......................................................... 23
DIAGNOSTIC RESULT ITEM CHART ................ 24
WORK FLOW ...................................................... 25
DIAGNOSTIC PROCEDURE 1 ........................... 26
DIAGNOSTIC PROCEDURE 2 ........................... 27
DIAGNOSTIC PROCEDURE 3 ........................... 28
MALFUNCTION INDICATOR .............................. 29
Removal and Installation ........................................ 29
QR25DE .............................................................. 29
VQ35DE .............................................................. 29
SERVICE DATA AND SPECIFICATIONS (SDS) ...... 31
Battery .................................................................... 31
Starter ..................................................................... 31
Generator ............................................................... 31Revision: March 2005
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2005 Altima
SC
PRECAUTIONS
PFP:00001
PRECAUTIONS Precautions for Supplemental Restraint System (SRS) “AIR BAG” and “SEAT BELT PRE-TENSIONER” The Supplemental Restraint System such as “AIR BAG” and “SEAT BELT PRE-TENSIONER”, used along with a front seat belt, helps to reduce the risk or severity of injury to the driver and front passenger for certain types of collision. This system includes seat belt switch inputs and dual stage front air bag modules. The SRS system uses the seat belt switches to determine the front air bag deployment, and may only deploy one front air bag, depending on the severity of a collision and whether the front occupants are belted or unbelted. Information necessary to service the system safely is included in the SRS and SB section of this Service Man- ual. WARNING:
To avoid rendering the SRS inoperative, which could increase the risk of personal injury or death in the event of a collision which would result in air bag inflation, all maintenance must be per- formed by an authorized NISSAN/INFINITI dealer. Improper maintenance, including incorrect removal and installation of the SRS, can lead to per- sonal injury caused by unintentional activation of the system. For removal of Spiral Cable and Air Bag Module, see the SRS section.
EKS008KU
G Do not use electrical test equipment on any circuit related to the SRS unless instructed to in this Service Manual. SRS wiring harnesses can be identified by yellow and/or orange harnesses or harness connectors.
Wiring Diagrams and Trouble Diagnosis When you read wiring diagrams, refer to the following:
GI-14, "How to Read Wiring Diagrams" . PG-4, "POWER SUPPLY ROUTING CIRCUIT" for power distribution circuit.
When you perform trouble diagnosis, refer to the following: G GI-10, "HOW TO FOLLOW TEST GROUPS IN TROUBLE DIAGNOSES". G GI-26, "How to Perform Efficient Diagnosis for an Electrical Incident".
EKS008KV
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2005 Altima
PREPARATION Special Service Tool
Tool number Tool name
J-44373 Model 620
Battery/Starting/Charging system testerPREPARATION
SEL403X
PFP:00002
EKS008KW
Description
Commercial Service Tools
EKS008KX
Tool number Tool name
Power tool
Description
Loosening bolts and nuts
PBIC0190E
SC
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SC-3
2005 Altima
BATTERY
PFP:AYBGL
EKS008KY
BATTERY How to Handle Battery CAUTION:
If it becomes necessary to start the engine with a booster battery and jumper cables, use a 12-volt booster battery.
G After connecting battery cables, ensure that they are tightly clamped to battery terminals for good
contact.
G Never add distilled water through the hole used to check specific gravity. METHODS OF PREVENTING OVER-DISCHARGE The following precautions must be taken to prevent over-discharging a battery.
The battery surface (particularly its top) should always be kept clean and dry. The terminal connections should be clean and tight. At every routine maintenance, check the electrolyte level. This also applies to batteries designated as “low maintenance” and “maintenance-free”.
G When the vehicle is not going to be used over a long period of
time, disconnect the negative battery terminal.
G Check the charge condition of the battery.
Periodically check the specific gravity of the electrolyte. Keep a close check on charge condition to prevent over-discharge.
MEL040F
MEL041F
MEL042F
CHECKING ELECTROLYTE LEVEL WARNING: Do not allow battery fluid to come in contact with skin, eyes, fabrics, or painted surfaces. After touch- ing a battery, do not touch or rub your eyes until you have thoroughly washed your hands. If acid con- tacts eyes, skin or clothing, immediately flush with water for 15 minutes and seek medical attention.
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A
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MEL043F
SEL709E
MEL042FA
BATTERY
G Remove the cell plug using a suitable tool.
Add distilled water up to the MAX level.
Sulphation A battery will be completely discharged if it is left unattended for a long time and the specific gravity will become less than 1.100. This may result in sulphation on the cell plates. To determine if a battery has been “sulphated”, note its voltage and current when charging it. As shown in the figure, less cur- rent and higher voltage are observed in the initial stage of charging sulphated batteries. A sulphated battery may sometimes be brought back into ser- vice by means of a long, slow charge, 12 hours or more, fol- lowed by a battery capacity test.
SPECIFIC GRAVITY CHECK 1. Read hydrometer and thermometer indications at eye level. 2. Use the following chart to correct your hydrometer reading
according to electrolyte temperature.
Hydrometer Temperature Correction
Battery electrolyte temperature °C (°F)
Add to specific gravity reading
71 (160)
66 (150)
60 (140)
54 (130)
49 (120)
43 (110)
38 (100)
32 (90)
27 (80)
21 (70)
16 (60)
10 (50)
4 (40) −1 (30) −7 (20)
0.032
0.028
0.024
0.020
0.016
0.012
0.008
0.004
−0.004
−0.008
−0.012
−0.016
−0.020
−0.024Revision: March 2005
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BATTERY
Battery electrolyte temperature °C (°F)
Add to specific gravity reading
−12 (10) −18 (0)
−0.028
−0.032Corrected specific gravity
Approximate charge condition
1.260 - 1.280
1.230 - 1.250
1.200 - 1.220
1.170 - 1.190
1.140 - 1.160
1.110 - 1.130
Fully charged
3/4 charged
1/2 charged
1/4 charged
Almost discharged
Completely discharged
CHARGING THE BATTERY CAUTION: G Do not “quick charge” a fully discharged battery. G Keep the battery away from open flame while it is being charged. G When connecting the charger, connect the leads first, then turn on the charger. Do not turn on the
charger first, as this may cause a spark. If battery electrolyte temperature rises above 60°C (140°F), stop charging. Always charge battery at a temperature below 60°C (140°F).
Charging Rates
Amps
50
25
10
Time
1 hour
2 hours
5 hours
10 hours
Do not charge at more than 50 ampere rate. NOTE: The ammeter reading on your battery charger will automatically decrease as the battery charges. This indi- cates that the voltage of the battery is increasing normally as the state of charge improves. The charging amps indicated above refer to initial charge rate.
If, after charging, the specific gravity of any two cells varies more than .050, the battery should be replaced.
Trouble Diagnoses with Battery/Starting/Charging System Tester CAUTION: When working with batteries, always wear appropriate eye protection. NOTE:
To ensure a complete and thorough diagnosis, the battery, starter and generator test segments must be done as a set from start to finish. If battery surface charge is detected while testing, the tester will prompt you to turn on the headlights to remove the surface charge. If necessary, the tester will prompt you to determine if the battery temperature is above or below 0°C (32°F). Choose the appropriate selection by pressing the up or down arrow button, then press “ENTER” to make the selection.
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BATTERY
1. Turn off all loads on the vehicle electrical system. Clean or repair
as necessary.
2. Visually inspect the battery, battery terminals and cable ends
with ignition switch in “OFF” position. NOTE: The contact surface between the battery terminals, cable ends and tester leads must be clean for a valid test. A poor connec- tion will prevent testing and a “CHECK CONNECTION” mes- sage will appear during the test procedures. If this occurs, clean the battery post and terminals, reconnect them and restart the test.
3. Connect the red tester lead clamp to the positive battery termi-
nal, and the black to the negative terminal.
4. The tester will turn on automatically. Using the arrow keys, select “IN-VEHICLE” on the tester and then press the “ENTER” key.
5. Locate the battery type and rating stamped or written on the top
case of the battery to be tested. NOTE: The battery type and rating will have either of the following. CCA: Cold Cranking Amps (490 CCA, 550 CCA, etc.) JIS: Japanese Industrial Standard. Battery is stamped with a number such as: 80D26L: 80 (rank of output), D (physical size-depth), 26 (width in cm). The last character L (post configuration) is not input into the tester. The tester requires the rating for the battery be entered exactly as it is written or stamped on the battery. Do not attempt a CCA conversion for JIS stamped batteries. JIS must be input directly.
6. Using the arrow and “ENTER” keys alternately, select the battery type and rating.
NOTE: The tester lists five choices; CCA, JIS, IEC, DIN, and EN. Only use CCA or JIS.
7. Press “ENTER” to begin the test. Diagnosis results are dis- played on the tester. Refer to SC-8, "DIAGNOSTIC RESULT ITEM CHART" .
SC
SEL404X
SEL405X
SEL406X
SEL407X
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2005 Altima
BATTERY
8. Press “ENTER”, then test output code is displayed. Record the
test output code on the repair order.
9. Toggle back to the “DIAGNOSTIC SCREEN” for test results.
NOTE: G If necessary, the tester will ask the user to determine if the battery has just been charged. Choose the appropriate selec- tion by pressing the up or down arrow button and then press the “ENTER” button to make the selection.
G When testing a battery installed in a vehicle that has recently
been driven, select “BEFORE CHARGE”.
G If the battery has just been slow charged due to a “CHARGE
SEL576X
& RETEST” decision by the tester, and the tester asks the user “BEFORE CHARGE/AFTER CHARGE”, select “AFTER CHARGE”.
DIAGNOSTIC RESULT ITEM CHART
Diagnostic item
Service procedure
GOOD BATTERY
REPLACE BATTERY
BAD CELL-REPLACE
GOOD-RECHARGE
CHARGE & RETEST
Battery is OK. Refer to SC-13, "Trouble Diagnoses with Battery/Starting/Charging System Tester" .
Replace battery. Before replacing battery, clean the battery cable clamps and battery posts. Perform battery test again with Battery/Starting/Charging system tester. If second test result is “Replace Bat- tery”, then do so. Perform battery test again to confirm repair.
Replace the battery. Perform battery test again with Battery/Starting/Charging system tester to confirm repair.
Perform the slow battery charging procedure. (Initial rate of charge is 10A for 12 hours.) Per- form battery test again with Battery/Starting/Charging system tester.
Perform the slow battery charging. (Initial rate of charge is 10A for 12 hours.) Perform battery test again with Battery/Starting/Charging system tester to confirm repair. NOTE: If the tester asks the user “BEFORE CHARGE/AFTER CHARGE”, select “AFTER CHARGE”.
Revision: March 2005
SC-8
2005 Altima
STARTING SYSTEM
PFP:23300
EKS008L0
STARTING SYSTEM System Description M/T MODELS Power is supplied at all times:
through 40A fusible link (letter m , located in the fuse and fusible link box) to ignition switch terminal B.
With the ignition switch in the START position, power is supplied:
from ignition switch terminal ST to intelligent power distribution module engine room (IPDM E/R) terminal 4.
With the ignition switch in the ON or START position, power is supplied:
through 10A fuse [No. 12, located in the fuse block (J/B)] to IPDM E/R terminal 53.
When the clutch pedal is depressed, ground is supplied to IPDM E/R terminal 50 through the clutch interlock switch and body grounds E15 and E24. Provided that the IPDM E/R receives a starter relay request ON signal from the BCM over the CAN lines, the IPDM E/R grounds the starter relay and power is supplied:
from terminal 3 of the IPDM E/R to terminal S of the starter motor windings.
The starter motor plunger closes and provides a closed circuit between the battery and the starter motor. The starter motor is grounded to the cylinder block. With power and ground supplied, the starter motor operates. In the event that the CAN communication line fails between the IPDM E/R and the BCM, the IPDM E/R will default to a starter relay request ON signal as long as the ignition switch remains in the START or ON position. A/T MODELS Power is supplied at all times:
through 40A fusible link (letter m , located in the fuse and fusible link box) to ignition switch terminal B.
With the ignition switch in the START position, power is supplied:
from ignition switch terminal ST to IPDM E/R terminal 4.
With the ignition switch in the ON or START position, power is supplied:
through 10A fuse [No. 12, located in the fuse block (J/B)] to park/neutral (PNP) switch terminal 1 (with 4 A/T) or terminal 5 (with 5 A/T).
With the selector lever in P or N position, power is supplied:
through PNP switch terminal 2 (with 4 A/T) or terminal 1 (with 5 A/T) to IPDM E/R terminal 53.
Provided the IPDM E/R receives a starter relay request ON signal from the BCM over the CAN lines, the IPDM E/R grounds the starter relay and power is supplied:
from terminal 3 of the IPDM E/R to terminal S of the starter motor windings.
The starter motor plunger closes and provides a closed circuit between the battery and the starter motor. The starter motor is grounded to the cylinder block. With power and ground supplied, the starter motor operates. In the event that the CAN communication line fails between the IPDM E/R and the BCM, the IPDM E/R will default to a starter relay request ON signal as long as the ignition switch remains in the START or ON position. CAN Communication System Description Refer to LAN-21, "CAN COMMUNICATION" .
EKS008L1
SC
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STARTING SYSTEM
Wiring Diagram — START — M/T MODELS
EKS008L2
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WKWA2905E
2005 Altima
STARTING SYSTEM
4 A/T MODEL
SC
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WKWA2159E
2005 Altima
STARTING SYSTEM
5 A/T MODEL
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WKWA2160E
2005 Altima
A
SC
STARTING SYSTEM
Trouble Diagnoses with Battery/Starting/Charging System Tester NOTE: To ensure a complete and thorough diagnosis, the battery, starter and generator test segments must be done as a set from start to finish. 1. Turn off all loads on the vehicle electrical system. 2. Perform battery test with Battery/Starting/Charging system tester. Refer to SC-6, "Trouble Diagnoses with Battery/Starting/ Charging System Tester" .
EKS008L3
3. Press “ENTER” to begin the starting system test.
4. Start the engine.
5. Diagnosis result is displayed on the tester. Refer to SC-13,
"DIAGNOSTIC RESULT ITEM CHART" . NOTE: G If the starter performs normally but the engine does not start,
perform engine diagnosis.
G For intermittent “NO CRANK” or “NO STARTER OPERA- TION” incidents, refer to SC-16, "DIAGNOSTIC PROCE- DURE 2" .
SEL408X
SEL409X
SEL410X
DIAGNOSTIC RESULT ITEM CHART
Diagnostic item
Service procedure
CRANKING VOLTAGE NORMAL
Go to “WORK FLOW”, SC-14, "WORK FLOW" .
CRANKING VOLTAGE LOW
Go to “WORK FLOW”, SC-14, "WORK FLOW" .
CHARGE BATTERY
REPLACE BATTERY
Perform the slow battery charging procedure. (Initial rate of charge is 10A for 12 hours.) Per- form battery test again with Battery/Starting/Charging system tester. Refer to SC-6, "Trouble Diagnoses with Battery/Starting/Charging System Tester" .
Before replacing battery, clean the battery cable clamps and battery posts. Perform battery test again with Battery/Starting/Charging system tester. Refer to SC-6, "Trouble Diagnoses with Battery/Starting/Charging System Tester" . If second test result is “REPLACE BAT- TERY”, then do so. Perform battery test again to confirm repair.
Revision: March 2005
SC-13
2005 Altima
STARTING SYSTEM
WORK FLOW
*1 SC-13
*4 SC-16*2 SC-15
*3 SC-16
WKIA3559E
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SC-14
2005 Altima
STARTING SYSTEM
DIAGNOSTIC PROCEDURE 1
Check Starter Motor Circuit1. CHECK POWER SUPPLY TO STARTER MOTOR 1. Remove the fuel pump fuse. 2. Crank or start the engine (where possible) until the fuel pressure is released. 3. Turn the ignition switch OFF. 4. Check that the starter motor connector F27 terminal B (B/R) connection is clean and tight. 5. Check voltage between starter motor connector F27 terminal B
(B/R) and ground using a digital circuit tester.
Battery voltage should exist.
OK or NG OK NG
>> GO TO 2. >> Check harness between the battery and the starter
motor for open circuit.
2. CHECK VOLTAGE DROP ON STARTER MOTOR CIRCUIT 1. Turn the ignition switch to START. 2. Check voltage between starter motor connector F27 terminal B
(B/R) and battery positive terminal using a digital circuit tester.
Ignition switch in START.
: Less than 0.5V
OK or NG OK NG
>> GO TO 3. >> Check harness between the battery and the starter
motor for poor continuity.
3. CHECK VOLTAGE DROP ON STARTER MOTOR GROUND CIRCUIT 1. Turn the ignition switch to START. 2. Check voltage between starter motor case and battery negative
terminal using a digital circuit tester.
Ignition switch in START.
: Less than 0.2V
OK or NG OK
>> Starter motor ground circuit is OK. Further inspection is
necessary. Refer to SC-14, "WORK FLOW" .
NG
>> Check for poor continuity between the starter motor
case and battery negative terminal.
SC
WKIA0137E
WKIA0138E
WKIA0139E
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STARTING SYSTEM
DIAGNOSTIC PROCEDURE 2
Check Magnetic Switch Circuit1. CHECK POWER SUPPLY FOR MAGNETIC SWITCH 1. Remove the fuel pump fuse. 2. Crank or start the engine (where possible) until the fuel pressure is released. 3. Turn the ignition switch OFF. 4. Disconnect starter motor connector F28. 5. Check voltage between starter motor connector F28 terminal S
(B/W) and ground using a digital circuit tester.
Ignition switch in START.
: Battery voltage
OK or NG OK NG
>> GO TO 2. >> Check the following.
G 40A fusible link (letter m , located in fuse and fusible
link box)
G Starter relay [within the intelligent power distribution
module engine room (IPDM E/R)]
G Harness for open or short
2. CHECK VOLTAGE DROP ON MAGNETIC SWITCH CIRCUIT 1. Connect starter motor connector F28. 2. Check voltage between starter motor connector F28 terminal S
(B/W) and battery positive terminal using a digital tester.
Ignition switch in START.
: Less than 1V
OK or NG OK
>> Magnetic switch circuit is OK. Further inspection is nec-
essary. Refer to SC-14, "WORK FLOW" .
NG
>> Check harness between the battery and the magnetic
switch for poor continuity.
WKIA1549E
WKIA1550E
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SC-16
2005 Altima
STARTING SYSTEM
MINIMUM SPECIFICATION OF CRANKING VOLTAGE REFERENCING COOLANT TEMPERA- TURE
Engine coolant temperature
−30°C to −20°C (−22°F to −4°F) −19°C to −10°C (−2°F to 14°F)
−9°C to 0°C (16°F to 32°F)
More than 1°C (More than 34°F)
Voltage V
QR25DE
VQ35DE
8.7
9.2
9.6
10.0
8.4
8.9
9.3
9.7
EKS008L4
Removal and Installation M/T MODELS REMOVAL 1. Disconnect the negative battery terminal. 2. Remove the air cleaner cover and the air cleaner to intake man-
ifold collector duct.
3. Remove the harness protector from the starter motor engine
room harness.
4. Disconnect the starter motor harness connectors. 5. Remove the two starter motor bolts, using power tools. 6. Remove the starter motor.
INSTALLATION Installation is in the reverse order of removal.
Removal and Installation 4-SPEED A/T MODELS REMOVAL 1. Disconnect the negative battery terminal. 2. Remove the air cleaner case (upper) and the air cleaner to electric throttle control actuator tube. 3. Remove the harness protector from the starter engine room harness. 4. Disconnect the starter harness connectors.
SC
WKWA0065E
WKIA0394E
EKS00C2R
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STARTING SYSTEM
5. Remove the two starter bolts, using power tools. 6. Remove the starter.
INSTALLATION Installation is in the reverse order of removal. Removal and Installation 5-SPEED A/T MODELS REMOVAL 1. Disconnect the negative battery terminal. 2. Remove the starter insulator.
WKIA2058E
EKS00C2Q
WKIA0400E
3. Remove the harness bracket and harness protector from the starter engine room harness. 4. Disconnect the starter harness connectors.
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STARTING SYSTEM
5. Remove the two starter bolts, using power tools. 6. Remove the starter.
INSTALLATION Installation is in the reverse order of removal.
WKIA0397E
SC
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STARTING SYSTEM
EKS008L5
Pinion/Clutch Check 1.
Inspect pinion assembly teeth. G Replace pinion assembly if teeth are worn or damaged. (Also check condition of ring gear teeth.) Inspect planetary gears/planetary gear teeth. G Replace planetary gears/planet gears if teeth are worn or damaged. (Also check condition of pinion
2.
shaft/drive shaft gear teeth.)
3. Check to see if pinion assembly locks in one direction and rotates smoothly in the opposite direction.
G If it locks or rotates in both directions, or if unusual resistance is evident, replace.
Revision: March 2005
SC-20
2005 Altima
CHARGING SYSTEM
PFP:23100
CHARGING SYSTEM System Description The generator provides DC voltage to operate the vehicle's electrical system and to keep the battery charged. The voltage output is controlled by the IC regulator. Power is supplied at all times to generator terminal B through: 120A fusible link (letter a , located in the fusible link box). Power is supplied at all times to generator terminal S through: 10A fuse (No. 26, located in the fuse and fusible link box). Terminal B supplies power to charge the battery and operate the vehicle's electrical system. Output voltage is controlled by the IC regulator at terminal S detecting the input voltage. The charging circuit is protected by the 120A fusible link. The generator is grounded to the engine block. With the ignition switch in the ON or START position, power is supplied:
EKS008L6
through 10A fuse [No. 14, located in the fuse block (J/B)] to combination meter terminal 22 for the charge warning lamp.
Ground is supplied to terminal 14 of the combination meter through terminal L of the generator. With power and ground supplied, the charge warning lamp will illuminate. When the generator is providing sufficient volt- age with the engine running, the ground is opened and the charge warning lamp will go off. If the charge warning lamp illuminates with the engine running, a fault is indicated.
SC
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CHARGING SYSTEM
Wiring Diagram — CHARGE —
EKS008L7
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SC-22
WKWA1355E
2005 Altima
CHARGING SYSTEM
Trouble Diagnoses with Battery/Starting/Charging System Tester NOTE: To ensure a complete and thorough diagnosis, the battery, starter and generator test segments must be done as a set from start to finish. 1. Turn off all loads on the vehicle electrical system. 2. Perform battery and starting system test with Battery/Starting/
EKS008L8
Charging system tester.
3. Press “ENTER” to begin the charging system test. 4. Start engine.
5. Press “ENTER” until “LOADS OFF REV ENGINE 5 SEC” is dis-
played.
6. Raise and hold the engine speed at 1,500 to 2,000 rpm for about
5 seconds, then return the engine to idle. Once the increase in engine rpm is detected, press “ENTER” to continue. NOTE: G If after 30 seconds an increase in engine idle speed is not
detected, “RPM NOT DETECTED” will display.
G Some engines may have a higher idle initially after starting, particularly when the engine is cold. The tester may detect this without any other action being taken. If this occurs, con- tinue on with the testing process. The final results will not be affected.
7. The tester now checks the engine at idle and performs the
DIODE/RIPPLE check.
8. When complete, the tester will prompt you to turn on the follow-
ing electrical loads. G Heater fan set to highest speed. Do not run the A/C or wind-
shield defroster.
G Headlamp high beam G Rear window defogger NOTE: Do not run the windshield wipers or any other cyclical loads.
9. Press “ENTER” to continue.
SEL417X
SEL418X
SEL419X
SEL420X
SC
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CHARGING SYSTEM
10. Raise and hold the engine speed at 1,500 to 2,000 rpm for about 5 seconds, then return the engine to idle. Once the increase in engine rpm is detected, press “ENTER” to continue. NOTE: If after 30 seconds an increase in engine idle speed is not detected, “RPM NOT DETECTED” will be displayed. Press “ENTER” to restart the test.
11. Diagnostic result is displayed on the tester. Refer to SC-24,
"DIAGNOSTIC RESULT ITEM CHART" .
12. Press “ENTER” then test output code is displayed. Record the
test output code on the repair order.
13. Toggle back to the “DIAGNOSTIC SCREEN” for test results.
SEL421X
SEL422X
SEL577X
DIAGNOSTIC RESULT ITEM CHART
Diagnostic item
Service procedure
CHARGING SYSTEM NORMAL
Charging system is normal and will also show DIODE RIPPLE test result.
NO CHARGING VOLTAGE
Go to SC-25, "WORK FLOW" .
LOW CHARGING VOLTAGE
Go to SC-25, "WORK FLOW" .
HIGH CHARGING VOLTAGE
Go to SC-25, "WORK FLOW" .
DIODE RIPPLE NORMAL
Diode ripple is OK and will also show CHARGING VOLTAGE test result.
EXCESS RIPPLE DETECTED
Replace the generator. Perform “DIODE RIPPLE” test again using Battery/Starting/Charging system tester to confirm repair.
DIODE RIPPLE NOT DETECTED
Go to SC-25, "WORK FLOW" .
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SC-24
2005 Altima
CHARGING SYSTEM
WORK FLOW
SC
WKIA4022E
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SC-25
2005 Altima
CHARGING SYSTEM
DIAGNOSTIC PROCEDURE 1
Check Charge Warning Lamp Circuit1. CHECK CHARGE WARNING LAMP CIRCUIT CONNECTION Check to see if terminal "L" is clean and tight. OK or NG OK NG
system test.
>> GO TO 2. >> Repair terminal "L" connection. Confirm repair by performing complete Battery/Starting/Charging
2. CHECK CHARGE WARNING LAMP CIRCUIT 1. Disconnect F1 connector from generator. 2. Apply ground to connector F1 terminal L (BR/Y) with the ignition
switch in the ON position.
CHARGE lamp should light up.
OK or NG OK
>> Replace the generator. Confirm repair by performing
complete Battery/Starting/Charging system test.
NG
>> Check the following.
G 10A fuse [No. 14, located in fuse block (J/B)] G CHARGE lamp G Harness for open or short between combination
meter and fuse
G Harness for open or short between combination meter and generator
WKIA0142E
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CHARGING SYSTEM
DIAGNOSTIC PROCEDURE 2
Check Battery Circuit1. CHECK BATTERY CIRCUIT CONNECTION Check to see if terminal "B" is clean and tight. OK or NG OK NG
system test.
>> GO TO 2. >> Repair terminal "B" connection. Confirm repair by performing complete Battery/Starting/Charging
2. CHECK BATTERY CIRCUIT Check voltage between generator connector F2 terminal B (B/R) and ground using a digital circuit tester.
Battery voltage should exist.
OK or NG OK NG
>> GO TO 3. >> Check the following.
G 120A fusible link (letter a , located in fusible link box) G Harness for open or short between generator and fus-
ible link
3. CHECK VOLTAGE DROP ON BATTERY CIRCUIT Check voltage between generator connector F2 terminal B (B/R) and battery positive terminal using a digital tester.
With engine running at idle and warm
: Less than 0.2V
OK or NG OK
NG
>> Replace the generator. Refer to SC-29, "Removal and Installation" . Confirm repair by performing complete Battery/Starting/Charging system test.
>> Check harness between the battery and the generator
for poor continuity.
WKIA0143E
WKIA0144E
SC
Revision: March 2005
SC-27
2005 Altima
CHARGING SYSTEM
DIAGNOSTIC PROCEDURE 3
Check Voltage Regulator Circuit1. CHECK VOLTAGE REGULATOR CIRCUIT CONNECTION Check to see if terminal "S" is clean and tight. OK or NG OK NG
system test.
>> GO TO 2. >> Repair terminal "S" connection. Confirm repair by performing complete Battery/Starting/Charging
2. CHECK VOLTAGE REGULATOR CIRCUIT Check voltage between generator connector F1 terminal S (Y/B) and ground using a digital circuit tester.
Battery voltage should exist.
OK or NG OK NG
>> GO TO 3. >> Check the following.
G 10A fuse (No. 26, located in fuse and fusible link box) G Harness for open or short between generator and
fuse
3. CHECK VOLTAGE DROP ON VOLTAGE REGULATOR CIRCUIT Check voltage between generator connector F1 terminal S (Y/B) and battery positive terminal using a digital tester.
With engine running at idle and warm.
: Less than 0.2V
OK or NG OK
NG
>> Replace the generator. Refer to SC-29, "Removal and Installation" . Confirm repair by performing complete Battery/Starting/Charging system test.
>> Check harness between the battery and the generator
for poor continuity.
WKIA0145E
WKIA0146E
Revision: March 2005
SC-28
2005 Altima
CHARGING SYSTEM
Excessive voltage is produced.
MALFUNCTION INDICATOR The IC regulator warning function activates to illuminate “CHARGE” warning lamp, if any of the following symptoms occur while generator is operating: G No voltage is produced. Removal and Installation QR25DE Removal 1. Disconnect the negative battery terminal. 2. Remove the engine cover. 3. Remove the front/right-side engine undercover, using power
EKS008L9
tools.
4. Remove the drive belt. 5. Disconnect the generator harness connector. 6. Disconnect the engine ground wire from top mount. 7. Remove the generator upper and lower mounting bolts, using
power tools.
8. Set the generator aside and remove the generator top mount. 9. Slide the generator out and remove. Installation Installation is in the reverse order of removal.
LKWA0051E
VQ35DE Removal 1. Disconnect the negative battery terminal. 2. Remove radiator, refer CO-30, "Removal and Installation" . 3. Remove front/right-side engine undercover. 4. Remove the drive belt, refer to EM-15, "Removal and Installation" . 5. Remove idler pulley. 6. Remove the generator adjustable top mount, using power tools. 7. Remove the generator lower mount bolt and nuts, using power tools. 8. Remove the generator lower front bracket bolt, using power tools. 9. Disconnect the generator harness connectors. 10. Slide the generator out and remove.
LKWA0052E
SC
Revision: March 2005
SC-29
2005 Altima
CHARGING SYSTEM
Installation Installation is in the reverse order of removal.
LKWA0070E
Revision: March 2005
SC-30
2005 Altima
SERVICE DATA AND SPECIFICATIONS (SDS)
SERVICE DATA AND SPECIFICATIONS (SDS) Battery
Type
Capacity (20 HR) minimum V-AH
Cold cranking current A (For reference value) Starter
Application
Manufacturer
Type
System voltage
No-load
Terminal voltage
Current
Revolution
Minimum diameter of commutator
Minimum length of brush
Brush spring tension
Clearance between pinion front edge and pinion stopper Generator
Application
Type
Nominal rating
Ground polarity
Minimum revolution under no-load (When 13.5 volts is applied)
Hot output current (When 13.5 volts is applied)
Regulated output voltage
Minimum length of brush
Brush spring pressure
Slip ring minimum outer diameter
Rotor (Field coil) resistance
GR.24F (BCI)
12-63
550 @ -18°C (0°F)
PFP:00030
EKS008LA
EKS008LB
QR25DE
VQ35DE
M/T model
Mitsubishi
A/T model
Mitsubishi
M/T model
Mitsubishi
A/T model
Mitsubishi
M001T87181ZC
M001T68781ZC
M000T87281ZC
M000T87181ZC
Reduction gear type
2,750 rpm Min.
5.5mm
15.0-20.4 N (1.53-2.08 kg, 3.37-4.59 lb)
12V
11V
90A Max.
28.8 mm
2,800 rpm Min.
7.0 mm
18.3-24.8 N (1.87-2.53 kg, 4.11-5.58 lb)
0.5-2.0 mm
QR25DE
LR1110-721
VQ35DE
LR1110-726
EKS008LC
HITACHI
12V-110A
Negative
1100 rpm
More than 35A/1,300 rpm More than 91A/2,500 rpm More than 110A/5,000 rpm
14.1 - 14.7V
6 mm (0.236 in)
1.000 - 3.432 N (0.102 - 0.350 kg, 0.225 - 0.772 lbs)
26.0 mm (1.024 in)
2.31 ohms
SC
Revision: March 2005
SC-31
2005 Altima
SERVICE DATA AND SPECIFICATIONS (SDS)
Revision: March 2005
SC-32
2005 Altima
K ELECTRICAL
SECTION SC A
STARTING & CHARGING SYSTEM
CONTENTS
PRECAUTIONS .......................................................... 2
Precautions for Supplemental Restraint System (SRS) “AIR BAG” and “SEAT BELT PRE-TEN- SIONER” .................................................................. 2
Wiring Diagrams and Trouble Diagnosis .................. 2
PREPARATION ........................................................... 3
Special Service Tool ................................................. 3
Commercial Service Tools ........................................ 3
BATTERY .................................................................... 4
How to Handle Battery ............................................. 4METHODS OF PREVENTING OVER-DIS- CHARGE ............................................................... 4
CHECKING ELECTROLYTE LEVEL .................... 4
SPECIFIC GRAVITY CHECK ............................... 5
CHARGING THE BATTERY ................................. 6Trouble Diagnoses with Battery/Starting/Charging System Tester .......................................................... 6
DIAGNOSTIC RESULT ITEM CHART .................. 8
STARTING SYSTEM .................................................. 9
System Description .................................................. 9
M/T MODELS ........................................................ 9
A/T MODELS ........................................................ 9
CAN Communication System Description ................ 9
Wiring Diagram — START — ................................. 10
M/T MODELS ...................................................... 10
4 A/T MODEL .......................................................11
5 A/T MODEL ...................................................... 12Trouble Diagnoses with Battery/Starting/Charging System Tester ........................................................ 13
DIAGNOSTIC RESULT ITEM CHART ................ 13
WORK FLOW ...................................................... 14DIAGNOSTIC PROCEDURE 1 ........................... 15
DIAGNOSTIC PROCEDURE 2 ........................... 16
MINIMUM SPECIFICATION OF CRANKING VOLTAGE REFERENCING COOLANT TEM- PERATURE ......................................................... 17
Removal and Installation ........................................ 17
M/T MODELS ...................................................... 17
Removal and Installation ........................................ 17
4-SPEED A/T MODELS ...................................... 17
Removal and Installation ........................................ 18
5-SPEED A/T MODELS ...................................... 18
Pinion/Clutch Check ............................................... 20
CHARGING SYSTEM ............................................... 21
System Description ................................................. 21
Wiring Diagram — CHARGE — ............................. 22
Trouble Diagnoses with Battery/Starting/Charging System Tester ......................................................... 23
DIAGNOSTIC RESULT ITEM CHART ................ 24
WORK FLOW ...................................................... 25
DIAGNOSTIC PROCEDURE 1 ........................... 26
DIAGNOSTIC PROCEDURE 2 ........................... 27
DIAGNOSTIC PROCEDURE 3 ........................... 28
MALFUNCTION INDICATOR .............................. 29
Removal and Installation ........................................ 29
QR25DE .............................................................. 29
VQ35DE .............................................................. 29
SERVICE DATA AND SPECIFICATIONS (SDS) ...... 31
Battery .................................................................... 31
Starter ..................................................................... 31
Generator ............................................................... 31Revision: March 2005
SC-1
2005 Altima
SC
PRECAUTIONS
PFP:00001
PRECAUTIONS Precautions for Supplemental Restraint System (SRS) “AIR BAG” and “SEAT BELT PRE-TENSIONER” The Supplemental Restraint System such as “AIR BAG” and “SEAT BELT PRE-TENSIONER”, used along with a front seat belt, helps to reduce the risk or severity of injury to the driver and front passenger for certain types of collision. This system includes seat belt switch inputs and dual stage front air bag modules. The SRS system uses the seat belt switches to determine the front air bag deployment, and may only deploy one front air bag, depending on the severity of a collision and whether the front occupants are belted or unbelted. Information necessary to service the system safely is included in the SRS and SB section of this Service Man- ual. WARNING:
To avoid rendering the SRS inoperative, which could increase the risk of personal injury or death in the event of a collision which would result in air bag inflation, all maintenance must be per- formed by an authorized NISSAN/INFINITI dealer. Improper maintenance, including incorrect removal and installation of the SRS, can lead to per- sonal injury caused by unintentional activation of the system. For removal of Spiral Cable and Air Bag Module, see the SRS section.
EKS008KU
G Do not use electrical test equipment on any circuit related to the SRS unless instructed to in this Service Manual. SRS wiring harnesses can be identified by yellow and/or orange harnesses or harness connectors.
Wiring Diagrams and Trouble Diagnosis When you read wiring diagrams, refer to the following:
GI-14, "How to Read Wiring Diagrams" . PG-4, "POWER SUPPLY ROUTING CIRCUIT" for power distribution circuit.
When you perform trouble diagnosis, refer to the following: G GI-10, "HOW TO FOLLOW TEST GROUPS IN TROUBLE DIAGNOSES". G GI-26, "How to Perform Efficient Diagnosis for an Electrical Incident".
EKS008KV
Revision: March 2005
SC-2
2005 Altima
PREPARATION Special Service Tool
Tool number Tool name
J-44373 Model 620
Battery/Starting/Charging system testerPREPARATION
SEL403X
PFP:00002
EKS008KW
Description
Commercial Service Tools
EKS008KX
Tool number Tool name
Power tool
Description
Loosening bolts and nuts
PBIC0190E
SC
Revision: March 2005
SC-3
2005 Altima
BATTERY
PFP:AYBGL
EKS008KY
BATTERY How to Handle Battery CAUTION:
If it becomes necessary to start the engine with a booster battery and jumper cables, use a 12-volt booster battery.
G After connecting battery cables, ensure that they are tightly clamped to battery terminals for good
contact.
G Never add distilled water through the hole used to check specific gravity. METHODS OF PREVENTING OVER-DISCHARGE The following precautions must be taken to prevent over-discharging a battery.
The battery surface (particularly its top) should always be kept clean and dry. The terminal connections should be clean and tight. At every routine maintenance, check the electrolyte level. This also applies to batteries designated as “low maintenance” and “maintenance-free”.
G When the vehicle is not going to be used over a long period of
time, disconnect the negative battery terminal.
G Check the charge condition of the battery.
Periodically check the specific gravity of the electrolyte. Keep a close check on charge condition to prevent over-discharge.
MEL040F
MEL041F
MEL042F
CHECKING ELECTROLYTE LEVEL WARNING: Do not allow battery fluid to come in contact with skin, eyes, fabrics, or painted surfaces. After touch- ing a battery, do not touch or rub your eyes until you have thoroughly washed your hands. If acid con- tacts eyes, skin or clothing, immediately flush with water for 15 minutes and seek medical attention.
Revision: March 2005
SC-4
2005 Altima
A
SC
MEL043F
SEL709E
MEL042FA
BATTERY
G Remove the cell plug using a suitable tool.
Add distilled water up to the MAX level.
Sulphation A battery will be completely discharged if it is left unattended for a long time and the specific gravity will become less than 1.100. This may result in sulphation on the cell plates. To determine if a battery has been “sulphated”, note its voltage and current when charging it. As shown in the figure, less cur- rent and higher voltage are observed in the initial stage of charging sulphated batteries. A sulphated battery may sometimes be brought back into ser- vice by means of a long, slow charge, 12 hours or more, fol- lowed by a battery capacity test.
SPECIFIC GRAVITY CHECK 1. Read hydrometer and thermometer indications at eye level. 2. Use the following chart to correct your hydrometer reading
according to electrolyte temperature.
Hydrometer Temperature Correction
Battery electrolyte temperature °C (°F)
Add to specific gravity reading
71 (160)
66 (150)
60 (140)
54 (130)
49 (120)
43 (110)
38 (100)
32 (90)
27 (80)
21 (70)
16 (60)
