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construction; and the letter B means belted-bias ply construction. (5) Rim Diameter: Diameter of the wheel in inches. (6) Service Description: These characters represent the load index and speed rating of the tire. The load index represents the load carrying capacity a tire


is certified to carry. The speed rating is the maximum speed a tire is certified to carry a load.


Tire Terminology and Definitions Air Pressure: The amount of air inside the tire pressing outward on each square inch of the tire. Air pressure is expressed in kPa (kilopascal) or psi (pounds per square inch). Accessory Weight: The combined weight of optional accessories. Some examples of optional accessories are automatic transmission, power steering, power brakes, power windows, power seats, and air conditioning. Aspect Ratio: The relationship of a tire's height to its width.


Belt: A rubber coated layer of cords between the plies and the tread. Cords may be made from steel or other reinforcing materials. Bead: The tire bead contains steel wires wrapped by steel cords that hold the tire onto the rim. Bias Ply Tire: A pneumatic tire in which the plies are laid at alternate angles less than 90 degrees to the centerline of the tread. Cold Tire Pressure: The amount of air pressure in a tire, measured in kPa (kilopascal) or psi (pounds per square inch) before a tire has built up heat from driving. See Tire Pressure on page 10‑45. Curb Weight: The weight of a motor vehicle with standard and optional equipment including the


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maximum capacity of fuel, oil, and coolant, but without passengers and cargo. DOT Markings: A code molded into the sidewall of a tire signifying that the tire is in compliance with the U.S. Department of Transportation (DOT) Motor Vehicle Safety Standards. The DOT code includes the Tire Identification Number (TIN), an alphanumeric designator which can also identify the tire manufacturer, production plant, brand, and date of production. GVWR: Gross Vehicle Weight Rating. See Vehicle Load Limits on page 9‑9. GAWR FRT: Gross Axle Weight Rating for the front axle. See Vehicle Load Limits on page 9‑9.


GAWR RR: Gross Axle Weight Rating for the rear axle. See Vehicle Load Limits on page 9‑9. Intended Outboard Sidewall: The side of an asymmetrical tire, that must always face outward when mounted on a vehicle. Kilopascal (kPa): The metric unit for air pressure. Light Truck (LT-Metric) Tire: A tire used on light duty trucks and some multipurpose passenger vehicles. Load Index: An assigned number ranging from 1 to 279
that corresponds to the load carrying capacity of a tire. Maximum Inflation Pressure: The maximum air pressure to which a cold tire can be inflated. The maximum air pressure is molded onto the sidewall.


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Maximum Load Rating: The load rating for a tire at the maximum permissible inflation pressure for that tire. Maximum Loaded Vehicle Weight: The sum of curb weight, accessory weight, vehicle capacity weight, and production options weight. Normal Occupant Weight: The number of occupants a vehicle is designed to seat multiplied by 68 kg (150 lb). See Vehicle Load Limits on page 9‑9. Occupant Distribution: Designated seating positions. Outward Facing Sidewall: The side of an asymmetrical tire that has a particular side that faces outward when mounted on a vehicle. The side of the tire that contains a whitewall, bears white lettering, or bears manufacturer, brand, and/or


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Vehicle Care


model name molding that is higher or deeper than the same moldings on the other sidewall of the tire. Passenger (P-Metric) Tire: A tire used on passenger cars and some light duty trucks and multipurpose vehicles. Recommended Inflation Pressure: Vehicle manufacturer's recommended tire inflation pressure as shown on the tire placard. See Tire Pressure on page 10‑45 and Vehicle Load Limits on page 9‑9. Radial Ply Tire: A pneumatic tire in which the ply cords that extend to the beads are laid at 90 degrees to the centerline of the tread. Rim: A metal support for a tire and upon which the tire beads are seated.


Sidewall: The portion of a tire between the tread and the bead. Speed Rating: An alphanumeric code assigned to a tire indicating the maximum speed at which a tire can operate. Traction: The friction between the tire and the road surface. The amount of grip provided. Tread: The portion of a tire that comes into contact with the road. Treadwear Indicators: Narrow bands, sometimes called wear bars, that show across the tread of a tire when only 1.6 mm (1/16 in) of tread remains. See When It Is Time for New Tires on page 10‑51. UTQGS (Uniform Tire Quality Grading Standards): A tire information system that provides consumers with ratings for a


tire's traction, temperature, and treadwear. Ratings are determined by tire manufacturers using government testing procedures. The ratings are molded into the sidewall of the tire. See Uniform Tire Quality Grading on page 10‑54. Vehicle Capacity Weight: The number of designated seating positions multiplied by 68 kg (150 lb) plus the rated cargo load. See Vehicle Load Limits on page 9‑9. Vehicle Maximum Load on the Tire: Load on an individual tire due to curb weight, accessory weight, occupant weight, and cargo weight. Vehicle Placard: A label permanently attached to a vehicle showing the vehicle capacity weight and the original equipment tire size and


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recommended inflation pressure. See “Tire and Loading Information Label” under Vehicle Load Limits on page 9‑9.


Tire Pressure Tires need the correct amount of air pressure to operate effectively. Notice: Neither tire underinflation nor overinflation is good. Underinflated tires, or tires that do not have enough air, can result in:


. Tire overloading and


overheating which could lead to a blowout.


. Premature or


irregular wear. . Poor handling. . Reduced fuel economy.


Overinflated tires, or tires that have too much air, can result in:


. Unusual wear. . Poor handling. . Rough ride. . Needless damage from


road hazards.


The Tire and Loading Information label on the vehicle indicates the original equipment tires and the correct cold tire inflation pressures. The recommended pressure is the minimum air pressure needed to support the vehicle's maximum load carrying capacity. See Vehicle Load Limits on page 9‑9. How the vehicle is loaded affects vehicle handling and ride comfort. Never load the vehicle with more weight than it was designed to carry.


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When to Check Check the tires once a month or more. Do not forget the compact spare, if the vehicle has one. The cold compact spare tire pressure should be at 420 kPa (60 psi). See Compact Spare Tire on page 10‑67. How to Check Use a good quality pocket-type gauge to check tire pressure. Proper tire inflation cannot be determined by looking at the tire. Check the tire inflation pressure when the tires are cold, meaning the vehicle has not been driven for at least three hours or no more than 1.6 km (1 mi). Remove the valve cap from the tire valve stem. Press the tire gauge firmly onto the valve to get a pressure measurement. If the cold tire inflation pressure matches the recommended


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Vehicle Care


pressure on the Tire and Loading Information label, no further adjustment is necessary. If the inflation pressure is low, add air until the recommended pressure is reached. If the inflation pressure is high, press on the metal stem in the center of the tire valve to release air. Recheck the tire pressure with the tire gauge. Return the valve caps on the valve stems to prevent leaks and keep out dirt and moisture.


Tire Pressure Monitor System The Tire Pressure Monitor System (TPMS) uses radio and sensor technology to check tire pressure levels. The TPMS sensors monitor the air pressure in your tires and transmit tire pressure readings to a receiver located in the vehicle.


Each tire, including the spare (if provided), should be checked monthly when cold and inflated to the inflation pressure recommended by the vehicle manufacturer on the vehicle placard or tire inflation pressure label. (If your vehicle has tires of a different size than the size indicated on the vehicle placard or tire inflation pressure label, you should determine the proper tire inflation pressure for those tires.) As an added safety feature, your vehicle has been equipped with a tire pressure monitoring system (TPMS) that illuminates a low tire pressure telltale when one or more of your tires is significantly under-inflated. Accordingly, when the low tire pressure telltale illuminates, you should stop and check your tires as soon as possible, and inflate them to the proper pressure. Driving on a significantly under-inflated tire causes the tire to overheat and can lead to tire failure. Under-inflation also reduces fuel efficiency and tire


tread life, and may affect the vehicle's handling and stopping ability. Please note that the TPMS is not a substitute for proper tire maintenance, and it is the driver's responsibility to maintain correct tire pressure, even if under-inflation has not reached the level to trigger illumination of the TPMS low tire pressure telltale. Your vehicle has also been equipped with a TPMS malfunction indicator to indicate when the system is not operating properly. The TPMS malfunction indicator is combined with the low tire pressure telltale. When the system detects a malfunction, the telltale will flash for approximately one minute and then remain continuously illuminated. This sequence will continue upon subsequent vehicle start-ups as long as the malfunction exists. When the malfunction indicator is illuminated, the system may not be able to detect or signal low tire


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pressure as intended. TPMS malfunctions may occur for a variety of reasons, including the installation of replacement or alternate tires or wheels on the vehicle that prevent the TPMS from functioning properly. Always check the TPMS malfunction telltale after replacing one or more tires or wheels on your vehicle to ensure that the replacement or alternate tires and wheels allow the TPMS to continue to function properly. See Tire Pressure Monitor Operation on page 10‑47. Federal Communications Commission (FCC) Rules and with Industry Canada Standards See Radio Frequency Statement on page 13‑20 for information regarding Part 15 of the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) Rules and with Industry Canada Standards RSS-GEN/210/220/310.


Tire Pressure Monitor Operation This vehicle may have a Tire Pressure Monitor System (TPMS). The TPMS is designed to warn the driver when a low tire pressure condition exists. TPMS sensors are mounted onto each tire and wheel assembly, excluding the spare tire and wheel assembly, if the vehicle has one. The TPMS sensors monitor the air pressure in the tires and transmits the tire pressure readings to a receiver located in the vehicle.


When a low tire pressure condition is detected, the TPMS illuminates the low tire pressure warning light located on the instrument cluster. If the warning light comes on, stop


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as soon as possible and inflate the tires to the recommended pressure shown on the tire loading information label. See Vehicle Load Limits on page 9‑9. A message to check the pressure in a specific tire displays in the Driver Information Center (DIC). The low tire pressure warning light and the DIC warning message come on at each ignition cycle until the tires are inflated to the correct inflation pressure. Using the DIC, tire pressure levels can be viewed. For additional information and details about the DIC operation and displays see Driver Information Center (DIC) on page 5‑23 and Tire Messages on page 5‑39. The low tire pressure warning light may come on in cool weather when the vehicle is first started, and then turn off as the vehicle is driven. This could be an early indicator that the air pressure is getting low and needs to be inflated to the proper pressure.


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Vehicle Care


A Tire and Loading Information label shows the size of the original equipment tires and the correct inflation pressure for the tires when they are cold. See Vehicle Load Limits on page 9‑9, for an example of the Tire and Loading Information label and its location. Also see Tire Pressure on page 10‑45. The TPMS can warn about a low tire pressure condition but it does not replace normal tire maintenance. See Tire Inspection on page 10‑50, Tire Rotation on page 10‑50 and Tires on page 10‑37. Notice: Tire sealant materials are not all the same. A non-approved tire sealant could damage the TPMS sensors. TPMS sensor damage caused by using an incorrect tire sealant is not covered by the vehicle warranty. Always use only the GM-approved tire sealant available through your dealer or included in the vehicle.


TPMS Malfunction Light and Message The TPMS will not function properly if one or more of the TPMS sensors are missing or inoperable. When the system detects a malfunction, the low tire warning light flashes for about one minute and then stays on for the remainder of the ignition cycle. A DIC warning message displays. The malfunction light and DIC warning message come on at each ignition cycle until the problem is corrected. Some of the conditions that can cause these to come on are: . One of the road tires has been


replaced with the spare tire, if your vehicle has one. The spare tire does not have a TPMS sensor. The malfunction light and DIC message should go off after the road tire is replaced and the sensor matching process is performed successfully. See "TPMS Sensor Matching Process" later in this section.


The TPMS sensor matching process was not done or not completed successfully after rotating the tires. The malfunction light and the DIC message should go off after successfully completing the sensor matching process. See "TPMS Sensor Matching Process" later in this section.


. One or more TPMS sensors are


missing or damaged. The malfunction light and the DIC message should go off when the TPMS sensors are installed and the sensor matching process is performed successfully. See your dealer for service.


. Replacement tires or wheels do not match the original equipment tires or wheels. Tires and wheels other than those recommended could prevent the TPMS from functioning properly. See Buying New Tires on page 10‑52.


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. Operating electronic devices or being near facilities using radio wave frequencies similar to the TPMS could cause the TPMS sensors to malfunction.


If the TPMS is not functioning properly, it cannot detect or signal a low tire condition. See your dealer for service if the TPMS malfunction light and DIC message comes on and stays on. TPMS Sensor Matching Process Each TPMS sensor has a unique identification code. The identification code needs to be matched to a new tire/wheel position after rotating the tires or replacing one or more of the TPMS sensors. The TPMS sensor matching process should also be performed after replacing a spare tire with a road tire containing the TPMS sensor. The malfunction light and the DIC message should go off at the next ignition cycle. The sensors are matched to the tire/ wheel positions, using a TPMS


relearn tool, in the following order: driver side front tire, passenger side front tire, passenger side rear tire, and driver side rear. See your dealer for service or to purchase a relearn tool. There are two minutes to match the first tire/wheel position, and five minutes overall to match all four tire/wheel positions. If it takes longer, the matching process stops and must be restarted. The TPMS sensor matching process is outlined below: 1. Set the parking brake. 2. Turn the ignition to ON/RUN with


the engine off.


3. Press the Remote Keyless Entry


(RKE) transmitter's LOCK and UNLOCK buttons at the same time for approximately five seconds. The horn sounds twice to signal the receiver is in relearn mode and TIRE LEARNING ACTIVE message displays on the DIC screen.


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4. Start with the driver side


front tire.


5. Place the relearn tool against


the tire sidewall, near the valve stem. Then press the button to activate the TPMS sensor. A horn chirp confirms that the sensor identification code has been matched to this tire and wheel position.


6. Proceed to the passenger side


front tire, and repeat the procedure in Step 5.


7. Proceed to the passenger side


rear tire, and repeat the procedure in Step 5.


8. Proceed to the driver side rear


tire, and repeat the procedure in Step 5. The horn sounds two times to indicate the sensor identification code has been matched to the driver side rear tire, and the TPMS sensor matching process is no longer active. The TIRE LEARNING ACTIVE message on the DIC display screen goes off.


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9. Turn the ignition to LOCK/OFF. 10. Set all four tires to the


recommended air pressure level as indicated on the Tire and Loading Information label. 11. Put the valve caps back on the


valve stems.


Tire Inspection We recommend that the tires, including the spare tire, if the vehicle has one, be inspected for signs of wear or damage at least once a month. Replace the tire if: . The indicators at three or


more places around the tire can be seen.


. There is cord or fabric


showing through the tire's rubber.


. The tread or sidewall is


cracked, cut, or snagged deep enough to show cord or fabric.


. The tire has a bump, bulge,


or split.


. The tire has a puncture, cut, or other damage that cannot be repaired well because of the size or location of the damage.


Tire Rotation Tires should be rotated every 12 000 km (7,500 mi). See Maintenance Schedule on page 11‑2. Tires are rotated to achieve a uniform wear for all tires. The first rotation is the most important. Anytime unusual wear is noticed, rotate the tires as soon as possible, check for proper tire


inflation pressure, and check for damaged tires or wheels. If the unusual wear continues after the rotation, check the wheel alignment. See When It Is Time for New Tires on page 10‑51
and Wheel Replacement on page 10‑56.


Use this rotation pattern when rotating the tires. If the vehicle has a compact spare tire, do not include it in the tire rotation.


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Adjust the front and rear tires to the recommended inflation pressure on the Tire and Loading Information label after the tires have been rotated. See Tire Pressure on page 10‑45
and Vehicle Load Limits on page 9‑9. Reset the Tire Pressure Monitor System. See Tire Pressure Monitor Operation on page 10‑47. Check that all wheel nuts are properly tightened. See “Wheel Nut Torque” under Capacities and Specifications on page 12‑2.


{ WARNING


Rust or dirt on a wheel, or on the parts to which it is fastened, can make wheel nuts become loose after time. The wheel could come (Continued)


WARNING (Continued)


off and cause an accident. When changing a wheel, remove any rust or dirt from places where the wheel attaches to the vehicle. In an emergency, a cloth or a paper towel can be used; however, use a scraper or wire brush later to remove all rust or dirt.


Lightly coat the center of the wheel hub with wheel bearing grease after a wheel change or tire rotation to prevent corrosion or rust build-up. Do not get grease on the flat wheel mounting surface or on the wheel nuts or bolts. Check that the spare tire, if the vehicle has one, is stored properly. Push, pull, and then try to rotate or turn the tire. If it moves, tighten the cable. See Tire Changing on page 10‑59.


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When It Is Time for New Tires Factors such as maintenance, temperatures, driving speeds, vehicle loading, and road conditions affect the wear rate of the tires.


Treadwear indicators are one way to tell when it is time for new tires. Treadwear indicators appear when the tires have only 1.6 mm (1/16 in) or less of tread remaining. See Tire Inspection on page 10‑50 and Tire Rotation on page 10‑50.


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Vehicle Care


The rubber in tires ages over time. This also applies to the spare tire, if the vehicle has one, even if it is never used. Multiple factors including temperatures, loading conditions, and inflation pressure maintenance affect how fast aging takes place. GM recommends that tires, including the spare if equipped, be replaced after six years, regardless of tread wear. The tire manufacturer date is the last four digits of the DOT Tire Identification Number (TIN) which is molded into one side of the tire sidewall. The first two digits represent the week (01–52) and the last two digits, the year. For example, the third week of the year 2010 would have a four-digit DOT date of 0310. Vehicle Storage Tires age when stored normally mounted on a parked vehicle. Park a vehicle that will be stored for at least a month in a cool, dry, clean area away from direct sunlight to


slow aging. This area should be free of grease, gasoline, or other substances that can deteriorate rubber. Parking for an extended period can cause flat spots on the tires that may result in vibrations while driving. When storing a vehicle for at least a month, remove the tires or raise the vehicle to reduce the weight from the tires.


Buying New Tires GM has developed and matched specific tires for the vehicle. The original equipment tires installed were designed to meet General Motors Tire Performance Criteria Specification (TPC Spec) system rating. When replacement tires are needed, GM strongly recommends buying tires with the same TPC Spec rating.


GM's exclusive TPC Spec system considers over a dozen critical specifications that impact the overall performance of the vehicle, including brake system performance, ride and handling, traction control, and tire pressure monitoring performance. GM's TPC Spec number is molded onto the tire's sidewall near the tire size. If the tires have an all-season tread design, the TPC Spec number will be followed by MS for mud and snow. See Tire Sidewall Labeling on page 10‑39. GM recommends replacing worn tires in complete sets of four. Uniform tread depth on all tires will help to maintain the performance of the vehicle. Braking and handling performance may be adversely affected if all the tires are not replaced at the same time. If proper rotation and


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maintenance have been done, all four tires should wear out at about the same time. See Tire Rotation on page 10‑50. However, if it is necessary to replace only one axle set of worn tires, place the new tires on the rear axle. Winter tires with the same speed rating as the original equipment tires may not be available for H, V, W, Y and ZR speed rated tires. Never exceed the winter tires’ maximum speed capability when using winter tires with a lower speed rating.


{ WARNING


Tires could explode during improper service. Attempting to mount or dismount a tire could cause injury or death.


(Continued)


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WARNING (Continued)


WARNING (Continued)


Only your dealer or authorized tire service center should mount or dismount the tires.


A tire and/or wheel could fail suddenly and cause a crash. Use only radial-ply tires with the wheels on the vehicle.


{ WARNING


Mixing tires of different sizes, brands, or types may cause loss of control of the vehicle, resulting in a crash or other vehicle damage. Use the correct size, brand, and type of tires on all wheels.


{ WARNING


Using bias-ply tires on the vehicle may cause the wheel rim flanges to develop cracks after many miles of driving.


(Continued)


If the vehicle tires must be replaced with a tire that does not have a TPC Spec number, make sure they are the same size, load range, speed rating, and construction (radial) as the original tires. Vehicles that have a tire pressure monitoring system could give an inaccurate low-pressure warning if non-TPC Spec rated tires are installed. See Tire Pressure Monitor System on page 10‑46.


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Vehicle Care


The Tire and Loading Information label indicates the original equipment tires on the vehicle. See Vehicle Load Limits on page 9‑9.


Different Size Tires and Wheels If wheels or tires are installed that are a different size than the original equipment wheels and tires, vehicle performance, including its braking, ride and handling characteristics, stability, and resistance to rollover may be affected. If the vehicle has electronic systems such as antilock brakes, rollover airbags, traction control, electronic stability control, or All-Wheel Drive, the performance of these systems can also be affected.


{ WARNING


If different sized wheels are used, there may not be an acceptable level of performance and safety if tires not recommended for those wheels are selected. This increases the chance of a crash and serious injury. Only use GM specific wheel and tire systems developed for the vehicle, and have them properly installed by a GM certified technician.


See Buying New Tires on page 10‑52 and Accessories and Modifications on page 10‑2.


Uniform Tire Quality Grading Quality grades can be found where applicable on the tire sidewall between tread shoulder and maximum section width. For example:


Treadwear 200 Traction AA Temperature A The following information relates to the system developed by the United States National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA), which grades tires by treadwear, traction, and temperature performance. This applies only to vehicles sold in the United States. The grades are molded on the sidewalls of most passenger car tires. The Uniform Tire Quality Grading (UTQG) system does not apply to deep tread, winter tires, compact spare tires, tires with


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nominal rim diameters of 10 to 12 inches (25 to 30 cm), or to some limited-production tires. While the tires available on General Motors passenger cars and light trucks may vary with respect to these grades, they must also conform to federal safety requirements and additional General Motors Tire Performance Criteria (TPC) standards. All Passenger Car Tires Must Conform to Federal Safety Requirements In Addition To These Grades.


Treadwear The treadwear grade is a comparative rating based on the wear rate of the tire when tested under controlled conditions on a specified government test course. For example, a tire


graded 150 would wear one and one-half (1½) times as well on the government course as a tire graded 100. The relative performance of tires depends upon the actual conditions of their use, however, and may depart significantly from the norm due to variations in driving habits, service practices and differences in road characteristics and climate. Traction – AA, A, B, C The traction grades, from highest to lowest, are AA, A, B, and C. Those grades represent the tire's ability to stop on wet pavement as measured under controlled conditions on specified government test surfaces of asphalt and concrete. A tire marked C may have poor traction performance. Warning: The traction grade assigned to this tire is based on


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straight-ahead braking traction tests, and does not include acceleration, cornering, hydroplaning, or peak traction characteristics. Temperature – A, B, C The temperature grades are A (the highest), B, and C, representing the tire's resistance to the generation of heat and its ability to dissipate heat when tested under controlled conditions on a specified indoor laboratory test wheel. Sustained high temperature can cause the material of the tire to degenerate and reduce tire life, and excessive temperature can lead to sudden tire failure. The grade C corresponds to a level of performance which all passenger car tires must meet under the Federal Motor Safety Standard No. 109. Grades B and A represent higher levels of


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performance on the laboratory test wheel than the minimum required by law. Warning: The temperature grade for this tire is established for a tire that is properly inflated and not overloaded. Excessive speed, underinflation, or excessive loading, either separately or in combination, can cause heat buildup and possible tire failure.


Wheel Alignment and Tire Balance The tires and wheels were aligned and balanced at the factory to provide the longest tire life and best overall performance. Adjustments to wheel alignment and tire balancing will not be necessary on a regular basis. However, check the alignment if there is unusual tire wear or if the vehicle is pulling to one side or the other. If the vehicle vibrates when driving on a smooth


road, the tires and wheels might need to be rebalanced. See your dealer for proper diagnosis.


Wheel Replacement Replace any wheel that is bent, cracked, or badly rusted or corroded. If wheel nuts keep coming loose, the wheel, wheel bolts, and wheel nuts should be replaced. If the wheel leaks air, replace it. Some aluminum wheels can be repaired. See your dealer if any of these conditions exist. Your dealer will know the kind of wheel that is needed. Each new wheel should have the same load-carrying capacity, diameter, width, offset, and be mounted the same way as the one it replaces. Replace wheels, wheel bolts, wheel nuts, or Tire Pressure Monitor System (TPMS) sensors with new GM original equipment parts.


{ WARNING


Using the wrong replacement wheels, wheel bolts, or wheel nuts can be dangerous. It could affect the braking and handling of the vehicle. Tires can lose air, and cause loss of control, causing a crash. Always use the correct wheel, wheel bolts, and wheel nuts for replacement.


Notice: The wrong wheel can also cause problems with bearing life, brake cooling, speedometer or odometer calibration, headlamp aim, bumper height, vehicle ground clearance, and tire or tire chain clearance to the body and chassis.


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WARNING (Continued)


parts. The area damaged by the tire chains could cause loss of control and a crash. Use another type of traction device only if its manufacturer recommends it for the vehicle's tire size combination and road conditions. Follow that manufacturer's instructions. To avoid vehicle damage, drive slow and readjust or remove the traction device if it contacts the vehicle. Do not spin the wheels. If traction devices are used, install them on the front tires.


Used Replacement Wheels


{ WARNING


Replacing a wheel with a used one is dangerous. How it has been used or how far it has been driven may be unknown. It could fail suddenly and cause a crash. When replacing wheels, use a new GM original equipment wheel.


Tire Chains


{ WARNING


Do not use tire chains. There is not enough clearance. Tire chains used on a vehicle without the proper amount of clearance can cause damage to the brakes, suspension, or other vehicle


(Continued)


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If a Tire Goes Flat It is unusual for a tire to blow out while driving, especially if the tires are maintained properly. See Tires on page 10‑37. If air goes out of a tire, it is much more likely to leak out slowly. But if there ever is a blowout, here are a few tips about what to expect and what to do: If a front tire fails, the flat tire creates a drag that pulls the vehicle toward that side. Take your foot off the accelerator pedal and grip the steering wheel firmly. Steer to maintain lane position, and then gently brake to a stop, well off the road, if possible. A rear blowout, particularly on a curve, acts much like a skid and may require the same correction as used in a skid. Stop pressing the accelerator pedal and steer to straighten the vehicle. It may be very bumpy and noisy. Gently brake to a stop, well off the road, if possible.


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{ WARNING


Driving on a flat tire will cause permanent damage to the tire. Re-inflating a tire after it has been driven on while severely underinflated or flat may cause a blowout and a serious crash. Never attempt to re-inflate a tire that has been driven on while severely underinflated or flat. Have your dealer or an authorized tire service center repair or replace the flat tire as soon as possible.


{ WARNING


Lifting a vehicle and getting under it to do maintenance or repairs is dangerous without the appropriate safety equipment and training. If a jack is provided with the vehicle, it is designed only for (Continued)


WARNING (Continued)


WARNING (Continued)


1. Set the parking brake firmly. 2. Put an automatic


transmission in P (Park) or a manual transmission in 1 (First) or R (Reverse).


3. Turn off the engine and do not restart while the vehicle is raised.


4. Do not allow passengers to


remain in the vehicle.


5. Place wheel blocks on both


sides of the tire at the opposite corner of the tire being changed.


changing a flat tire. If it is used for anything else, you or others could be badly injured or killed if the vehicle slips off the jack. If a jack is provided with the vehicle, only use it for changing a flat tire.


If a tire goes flat, avoid further tire and wheel damage by driving slowly to a level place, well off the road, if possible. Turn on the hazard warning flashers. See Hazard Warning Flashers on page 6‑3.


{ WARNING


Changing a tire can be dangerous. The vehicle can slip off the jack and roll over or fall causing injury or death. Find a level place to change the tire. To help prevent the vehicle from moving:


(Continued)


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When the vehicle has a flat tire (2), use the following example as a guide to assist in the placement of the wheel blocks (1).


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4. Turn the jack on its side, with the


bottom facing toward you.


5. Pull the jack straight out, bottom


first.


1. Wheel Block 2. Flat Tire The following information explains how to repair or change a tire.


Tire Changing


Removing Tools The tools needed to remove the spare tire are located in the storage compartment on the driver side, at the rear of the vehicle.


1. Tool Bag 2. Wing Bolt 3. Jack 1. Open the jack storage


compartment by pulling on the latch tab, located toward the rear of the vehicle, and pulling the cover off.


2. Remove the wing bolt (2) by turning it counterclockwise.


3. Push the jack (3) up out of the


holding bracket and remove the tool bag (1).


1. Jack 2. Wrench (Three-Piece Shown,


One-Piece Similar)


The tools you will be using include the jack (1) and wrench (2).


Acadia/Acadia Denali Owner Manual - 2013 - crc2 - 12/11/12


Black plate (60,1)


10-60


Vehicle Care


Removing the Spare Tire The compact spare tire is located under the vehicle, in front of the rear bumper. See Compact Spare Tire on page 10‑67 for more information.


1. Rear Convenience Center 2. Wrench (Three-Piece Shown,


One-Piece Similar)


3. Carpet Cutout 4. Hoist Shaft 5. Compact Spare Tire 6. Retainer


1. Open the storage compartment


5. Tilt the retainer and slip it


door of the convenience center (1) that is nearest the liftgate.


2. Open the carpet cutout (3) that


is located through the hole of the storage compartment.


3. Attach the wrench (2) into the


hoist shaft (4).


4. Turn the wrench (2)


counterclockwise to lower the spare tire (5) to the ground. Continue turning the wrench until the spare tire can be pulled out from under the vehicle.


through the wheel opening to remove the spare tire from the cable.


6. Turn the wrench clockwise to raise the cable back up after removing the spare tire. Do not store a full-size or a flat road tire under the vehicle. See “Storing the Spare Tire” and “Storing the Flat Tire” later in this section.


Removing the Flat Tire and Installing the Spare Tire 1. Do a safety check before


proceeding. See If a Tire Goes Flat on page 10‑57 for more information.


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Black plate (61,1)


Vehicle Care


10-61


4. To identify the appropriate


jacking location, find the triangle or rectangular notch about 30.5 cm (12 in) from the front tire or about 27 cm (10.5 in) from the rear tire.


2.


If the vehicle has a wheel cover, loosen the plastic nut caps with the wheel wrench. They will not come off. Then, using the flat end of the wheel wrench, pry along the edge of the cover until it comes off. Be careful; the edges may be sharp. Do not try to remove the cover with your bare hands. Store the wheel cover securely in the rear of the vehicle until you have the flat tire repaired or replaced. If the vehicle has aluminum wheels, remove the wheel nut caps using the wheel wrench.


3. Loosen the wheel nuts — but do


not remove them — using the wrench. For wheels with a wheel lock key, use the wheel lock key between the lock nut and wrench. The key is supplied in the front passenger door pocket.


Notice: If this vehicle has wheel locks and an impact wrench is used to remove the wheel nuts, the lock nut or wheel lock key could be damaged. Do not use an impact wrench to remove the wheel nuts if this vehicle has wheel locks.


Acadia/Acadia Denali Owner Manual - 2013 - crc2 - 12/11/12


Black plate (62,1)


10-62


Vehicle Care


6. Do not raise the vehicle yet. Put the compact spare tire near you.


{ WARNING


Getting under a vehicle when it is lifted on a jack is dangerous. If the vehicle slips off the jack, you could be badly injured or killed. Never get under a vehicle when it is supported only by a jack.


{ WARNING


Raising the vehicle with the jack improperly positioned can damage the vehicle and even make the vehicle fall. To help avoid personal injury and vehicle damage, be sure to fit the jack lift head into the proper location before raising the vehicle.


7. Raise the vehicle by turning the


wrench clockwise in the jack. Raise the vehicle far enough off the ground so that there is enough room for the spare tire to fit under the wheel well.


8. Remove all the wheel nuts and


the flat tire.


9. Remove the plastic spare tire


heat shield by pulling the rubber latch. Store the plastic spare tire heat shield. See “Storing the Spare Tire” later in this section for more information.


Triangle Shown, Without Similar


The triangle may be located near each wheel on the vehicle's exterior.


Notice: If a jack is used to raise the vehicle without positioning it correctly, the vehicle could be damaged. When raising the vehicle on a jack, avoid contact with the rear axle control arms. 5. Attach the wrench to the jack,


and turn the wrench clockwise to raise the jack head 7.6 cm (3 in).


Acadia/Acadia Denali Owner Manual - 2013 - crc2 - 12/11/12


Black plate (63,1)


Vehicle Care


10-63


WARNING (Continued)


using accessory locking wheel nuts. See Capacities and Specifications on page 12‑2 for original equipment wheel nut torque specifications.


Notice: Improperly tightened wheel nuts can lead to brake pulsation and rotor damage. To avoid expensive brake repairs, evenly tighten the wheel nuts in the proper sequence and to the proper torque specification. See Capacities and Specifications on page 12‑2 for the wheel nut torque specification.


{ WARNING


Rust or dirt on a wheel, or on the parts to which it is fastened, can make wheel nuts become loose after time. The wheel could come off and cause an accident. When changing a wheel, remove any rust or dirt from places where the wheel attaches to the vehicle. In an emergency, a cloth or a paper towel can be used; however, use a scraper or wire brush later to remove all rust or dirt.


{ WARNING


Never use oil or grease on bolts or nuts because the nuts might come loose. The vehicle's wheel could fall off, causing a crash.


10. Remove any rust or dirt from


the wheel bolts, mounting surfaces, and spare wheel.


11. Place the spare tire on the


wheel mounting surface.


12. Put the nuts on by hand by


turning them clockwise until the wheel is held against the mounting surface. Make sure the rounded end is toward the wheel.


13. Lower the vehicle by attaching


the wrench to the jack and turning the wrench counterclockwise. Lower the jack completely.


{ WARNING


Wheel nuts that are improperly or incorrectly tightened can cause the wheels to become loose or come off. The wheel nuts should be tightened with a torque wrench to the proper torque specification after replacing. Follow the torque specification supplied by the aftermarket manufacturer when


(Continued)


Acadia/Acadia Denali Owner Manual - 2013 - crc2 - 12/11/12


Black plate (64,1)


10-64


Vehicle Care


Storing the Spare Tire { WARNING


The underbody-mounted spare tire needs to be stored with the valve stem pointing down. If the spare tire is stored with the valve stem pointing upwards, the secondary latch will not work properly and the spare tire could loosen and suddenly fall from the vehicle. If this happened when the vehicle was being driven, the tire might contact a person or another vehicle, causing injury and damage to itself. Be sure the underbody-mounted spare tire is stored with the valve stem pointing down.


{ WARNING


Storing a jack, a tire, or other equipment in the passenger compartment of the vehicle could cause injury. In a sudden stop or collision, loose equipment could strike someone. Store all these in the proper place.


To store the spare tire: 1. Lay the compact spare tire near


the rear of the vehicle with the valve stem down.


2. Reinstall the plastic spare tire


heat shield on the compact spare tire.


3. Slide the cable retainer through the center of the wheel and start to raise the compact spare tire. Make sure the retainer is fully seated across the underside of the wheel.


14. Tighten the wheel nuts firmly in


a crisscross sequence, as shown.


Notice: Wheel covers will not fit on the vehicle's compact spare. If you try to put a wheel cover on the compact spare, the cover or the spare could be damaged.


Acadia/Acadia Denali Owner Manual - 2013 - crc2 - 12/11/12


Black plate (65,1)


4. When the compact spare tire is


almost in the stored position, turn the tire so the valve is toward the rear of the vehicle. This position helps when checking the air pressure in the compact spare tire.


5. Raise the tire fully against the


underside of the vehicle. Continue turning the wrench until you feel more than two clicks. This indicates that the compact spare tire is secure and the cable is tight. The spare tire hoist cannot be overtightened.


6. Make sure the tire is stored


securely. Push, pull, and then try to turn the tire. If the tire moves, use the wrench to tighten the cable.


Vehicle Care


10-65


Storing the Flat Tire


1. Cable 2. Liftgate Hinges 3. Spare Tire Heat Shield 4. Center of the Wheel 5. Door Striker 1. Remove the cable package from


the jack storage area.


2. Remove the small center cap by tapping the back of the cap with the extension of the shaft, if the vehicle has aluminum wheels.


Acadia/Acadia Denali Owner Manual - 2013 - crc2 - 12/11/12


Black plate (66,1)


10-66


Vehicle Care


3. Put the flat tire in the rear


7. Pull on the cable to make sure it


is secure.


storage area with the valve stem pointing toward the rear of the vehicle.


4. Pull the cable (1) through the


door striker (5), the center of the wheel (4), and the plastic spare tire heat shield (3), as shown.


Storing the Tools


8. Make sure the metal tube is


centered at the striker. Push the tube toward the front of the vehicle.


9. Close the liftgate and make sure


it is latched properly.


1. Tool Bag 2. Wing Bolt 3. Jack Put back all tools as they were stored in the jack storage compartment and put the compartment cover back on. 1. Ensure that the bottom of the


jack is facing toward you. 2. Replace the tool bag (1).


5. Hook the cable onto the outside portion of the liftgate hinges (2). 6. Hook the other end of the cable


onto the outside portion of the liftgate hinge on the other side of the vehicle.


Acadia/Acadia Denali Owner Manual - 2013 - crc2 - 12/11/12


Black plate (67,1)


Vehicle Care


10-67


(50 mph). To conserve the tread of the spare tire, have the standard tire repaired or replaced as soon as convenient and return the spare tire to the storage area. Notice: When the compact spare is installed, do not take the vehicle through an automatic car wash with guide rails. The compact spare can get caught on the rails which can damage the tire, wheel, and other parts of the vehicle. Do not use the compact spare on other vehicles. Do not mix the compact spare tire or wheel with other wheels or tires. They will not fit. Keep the spare tire and its wheel together.


3. Turn the jack (3) on its side and


place down on the holding bracket.


4. Reinstall the wing bolt (2) by


turning clockwise.


5. To replace the cover, line up the tab at the front of the cover with the notch in the cover opening. Push the cover in place and make sure that the rear clips are in the slots and push the cover closed.


Store the center cap or the plastic bolt-on wheel covers until a full size tire is put back on the vehicle. When you replace the compact spare with a full-size tire, reinstall the bolt-on wheel covers or the center cap. Hand-tighten them over the wheel nuts, using the wrench.


Compact Spare Tire { WARNING Driving with more than one compact spare tire at a time could result in loss of braking and handling. This could lead to a crash and you or others could be injured. Use only one compact spare tire at a time.


If this vehicle has a compact spare tire, it was fully inflated when new; however, it can lose air over time. Check the inflation pressure regularly. It should be 420 kPa (60 psi). Stop as soon as possible and check that the spare tire is correctly inflated after being installed on the vehicle. The compact spare tire is designed for temporary use only. The vehicle will perform differently with the spare tire installed and it is recommended that the vehicle speed be limited to 80 km/h


Acadia/Acadia Denali Owner Manual - 2013 - crc2 - 12/11/12


Black plate (68,1)


10-68


Vehicle Care


Performance of the All-Wheel Drive (AWD) system will be automatically reduced to protect the system when using the compact spare. To restore the AWD and prevent excessive wear on the clutch in the AWD, replace the compact spare tire with a full-size tire as soon as possible. Notice: Tire chains will not fit the compact spare. Using them can damage the vehicle and the chains. Do not use tire chains on the compact spare.


Notice: Ignoring these steps could result in costly damage to the vehicle that would not be covered by the warranty. Trying to start the vehicle by pushing or pulling it will not work, and it could damage the vehicle. 1. Check the other vehicle. It must


have a 12-volt battery with a negative ground system.


Notice: Only use a vehicle that has a 12-volt system with a negative ground for jump starting. If the other vehicle does not have a 12-volt system with a negative ground, both vehicles can be damaged.


Jump Starting For more information about the vehicle battery, see Battery on page 10‑22. If the vehicle battery has run down, you may want to use another vehicle and some jumper cables to start your vehicle. Be sure to use the following steps to do it safely.


{ WARNING


Batteries can hurt you. They can be dangerous because:


. They contain acid that can


burn you.


. They contain gas that can


explode or ignite.


. They contain enough electricity to burn you.


If you do not follow these steps exactly, some or all of these things can hurt you.


Acadia/Acadia Denali Owner Manual - 2013 - crc2 - 12/11/12


Black plate (69,1)


turn off or unplug all accessories on either vehicle when jump starting the vehicle. 3. Turn off the ignition on both


vehicles. Unplug unnecessary accessories plugged into the cigarette lighter or the accessory power outlets. Turn off the radio and all lamps that are not needed. This will avoid sparks and help save both batteries. And it could save the radio!


4. Open the hoods and locate the


positive (+) and negative (−) terminal locations on the other vehicle. Your vehicle has a remote positive (+) and a remote negative (−) jump starting terminal. See Engine Compartment Overview on page 10‑5 for the terminal locations.


2. Get the vehicles close enough


so the jumper cables can reach, but be sure the vehicles are not touching each other. If they are, it could cause a ground connection you do not want. You would not be able to start your vehicle, and the bad grounding could damage the electrical systems. To avoid the possibility of the vehicles rolling, set the parking brake firmly on both vehicles involved in the jump start procedure. Put an automatic transmission in P (Park) or a manual transmission in Neutral before setting the parking brake. If one of the vehicles is a four-wheel-drive vehicle, be sure the transfer case is not in Neutral.


Notice: If any accessories are left on or plugged in during the jump starting procedure, they could be damaged. The repairs would not be covered by the vehicle warranty. Whenever possible,


Vehicle Care


10-69


{ WARNING


Using a match near a battery can cause battery gas to explode. People have been hurt doing this, and some have been blinded. Use a flashlight if you need more light. Be sure the batteries have enough water. You do not need to add water to the ACDelco® battery (or batteries) installed in your new vehicle. But if a battery has filler caps, be sure the right amount of fluid is there. If it is low, add water to take care of that first. If you do not, explosive gas could be present. Battery fluid contains acid that can burn you. Do not get it on you. If you accidentally get it in your eyes or on your skin, flush the place with water and get medical help immediately.


Acadia/Acadia Denali Owner Manual - 2013 - crc2 - 12/11/12


Black plate (70,1)


10-70


Vehicle Care


{ WARNING


Fans or other moving engine parts can injure you badly. Keep your hands away from moving parts once the engine is running.


5. Check that the jumper cables do


not have loose or missing insulation. If they do, you could get a shock. The vehicles could be damaged too. Before you connect the cables, here are some basic things you should know. Positive (+) will go to positive (+) or to a remote positive (+) terminal if the vehicle has one. Negative (−) will go to a heavy, unpainted metal engine part or to a remote negative (−) terminal if the vehicle has one. Do not connect positive (+) to negative (−) or you will get a short that would damage the battery and maybe other parts too. And do not connect the


negative (−) cable to the negative (−) terminal on the dead battery because this can cause sparks.


6. Connect the red positive (+)


cable to the positive (+) terminal of the dead battery. Use a remote positive (+) terminal if the vehicle has one.


7. Do not let the other end touch


metal. Connect it to the positive (+) terminal of the good battery. Use a remote positive (+) terminal if the vehicle has one.


8. Now connect the black


negative (−) cable to the negative (−) terminal of the good battery. Use a remote negative (−) terminal if the vehicle has one. Do not let the other end touch anything until the next step. The other end of the negative (−) cable does not go to the dead battery. It goes to a heavy, unpainted metal engine part, or to a remote negative (−) terminal on the vehicle with the dead battery.


Acadia/Acadia Denali Owner Manual - 2013 - crc2 - 12/11/12


Black plate (71,1)


Notice: If the jumper cables are connected or removed in the wrong order, electrical shorting may occur and damage the vehicle. The repairs would not be covered by the vehicle warranty. Always connect and remove the jumper cables in the correct order, making sure that the cables do not touch each other or other metal.


Jumper Cable Removal Reverse the sequence exactly when removing the jumper cables.


Vehicle Care


10-71


Towing


Towing the Vehicle Notice: Incorrectly towing a disabled vehicle may cause damage. The damage would not be covered by the vehicle warranty. Do not lash or hook to the chassis components including the front and rear subframes, suspension control arms and links during towing and recovery of a disabled vehicle or to secure the vehicle to a flatbed car carrier. Use the proper nylon strap harnesses around the tires to secure the flatbed car carrier. Have the vehicle towed on a flatbed car carrier or a wheel lift tow truck. If a wheel lift tow truck is used, the drive wheels cannot contact the road while the vehicle is being towed. A wheel dolly must be used to lift all drive wheels off the ground. Consult your dealer or a professional towing service if the disabled vehicle must be towed.


9. Connect the other end of the


negative (−) cable to the remote negative (−) terminal of the dead battery. Your vehicle has a remote negative (−) terminal for this purpose.


10. Now start the vehicle with the


good battery and run the engine for a while.


11. Try to start the vehicle that had


the dead battery. If it will not start after a few tries, it probably needs service.


Acadia/Acadia Denali Owner Manual - 2013 - crc2 - 12/11/12


Black plate (72,1)


10-72


Vehicle Care


To tow the vehicle behind another vehicle for recreational purposes, such as behind a motor home, see “Recreational Vehicle Towing” following.


Recreational Vehicle Towing Recreational vehicle towing means towing the vehicle behind another vehicle – such as behind a motorhome. The two most common types of recreational vehicle towing are known as dinghy towing and dolly towing. Dinghy towing is towing the vehicle with all four wheels on the ground. Dolly towing is towing the vehicle with two wheels on the ground and two wheels up on a device known as a dolly.


Dinghy Towing


Here are some important things to consider before recreational vehicle towing: . What is the towing capacity of the towing vehicle? Be sure to read the tow vehicle manufacturer's recommendations.


. What is the distance that will be travelled? Some vehicles have restrictions on how far and how long they can be towed. Is the proper towing equipment going to be used? See your dealer or trailering professional for additional advice and equipment recommendations. Is the vehicle ready to be towed? Just as preparing the vehicle for a long trip, make sure the vehicle is prepared to be towed.


If the vehicle is front-wheel-drive, it can be dinghy towed from the front. These vehicles may also be towed by putting the front wheels on a dolly. See “Dolly Towing” later in this section. If the vehicle is all-wheel-drive, it can be dinghy towed from the front. These vehicles can also be towed by placing them on a platform trailer with all four wheels off of the ground. These vehicles cannot be towed using a dolly.


Acadia/Acadia Denali Owner Manual - 2013 - crc2 - 12/11/12


Black plate (73,1)


Vehicle Care


10-73


3. Shift the transmission to


P (Park), turn the ignition to LOCK/OFF and remove the key from the ignition.


4. Disconnect the vehicle from the


towing vehicle.


Notice: Do not tow a vehicle with the front drive wheels on the ground if one of the front tires is a compact spare tire. Towing with two different tire sizes on the front of the vehicle can cause severe damage to the transmission.


For vehicles being dinghy towed, the vehicle should be run at the beginning of each day and at each RV fuel stop for about five minutes. This will ensure proper lubrication of transmission components. Reinstall the fuse to start the vehicle. To tow the vehicle from the front with all four wheels on the ground: 1. Position the vehicle to be towed,


shift the transmission to P (Park), and turn the ignition to LOCK/OFF.


2. Secure the vehicle to the towing


vehicle.


3. Set the parking brake. 4. Turn the ignition to ACC/


ACCESSORY.


5. Shift the transmission to


N (Neutral).


6. To prevent the battery from draining while the vehicle is being towed, remove the 15 amp ECM fuse and the 15 amp Onstar fuse. These are in the battery compartment behind the


passenger seat on the floor. Also, remove the 50 amp BATT1
fuse from the underhood fuse block and store all fuses in a safe location. See Engine Compartment Fuse Block on page 10‑28.


7. Release the parking brake. Notice: If the vehicle is towed without performing each of the steps listed under “Dinghy Towing,” the automatic transmission could be damaged. Be sure to follow all steps of the dinghy towing procedure prior to and after towing the vehicle. Notice: If 105 km/h (65 mph) is exceeded while towing the vehicle, it could be damaged. Never exceed 105 km/h (65 mph) while towing the vehicle. Once the destination is reached: 1. Set the parking brake. 2. Reinstall the fuses.


Acadia/Acadia Denali Owner Manual - 2013 - crc2 - 12/11/12


Black plate (74,1)


10-74


Vehicle Care


Dolly Towing (All-Wheel-Drive Vehicles)


Dolly Towing (Front-Wheel-Drive Vehicles Only)


5. Remove the key from the


ignition.


6. Secure the vehicle to the dolly. 7. Release the parking brake.

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