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Water can cause the solution to freeze and damage the washer fluid tank and other parts of the washer system.
. When using concentrated
washer fluid, follow the manufacturer instructions for adding water.
. Fill the washer fluid tank only
three-quarters full when it is very cold. This allows for fluid expansion if freezing occurs, which could damage the tank if it is completely full.
Chevrolet Sonic Owner Manual (GMNA-Localizing-U.S./Canada-7707487) - 2015 - crc - 5/28/14
Black plate (22,1)
10-22
Vehicle Care
Brakes Disc brake pads have built-in wear indicators that make a high-pitched warning sound when the brake pads are worn and new pads are needed. The sound can come and go or be heard all the time when the vehicle is moving, except when applying the brake pedal firmly.
{ Warning
The brake wear warning sound means that soon the brakes will not work well. That could lead to a crash. When the brake wear warning sound is heard, have the vehicle serviced.
{ Caution
Continuing to drive with worn-out brake pads could result in costly brake repair.
Some driving conditions or climates can cause a brake squeal when the brakes are first applied or lightly applied. This does not mean something is wrong with the brakes. Properly torqued wheel nuts are necessary to help prevent brake pulsation. When tires are rotated, inspect brake pads for wear and evenly tighten wheel nuts in the proper sequence to torque specifications. See Capacities and Specifications on page 12-2. Brake pads should be replaced as complete sets. Brake Pedal Travel See your dealer if the brake pedal does not return to normal height, or if there is a rapid increase in pedal travel. This could be a sign that brake service may be required. Replacing Brake System Parts Always replace brake system parts with new, approved replacement parts. If this is not done, the brakes may not work properly. The braking
performance expected can change in many other ways if the wrong replacement brake parts are installed or parts are improperly installed.
Brake Fluid
The brake/clutch master cylinder reservoir is filled with DOT 3 brake fluid as indicated on the reservoir cap. See Engine Compartment Overview on page 10-6 for the location of the reservoir.
Chevrolet Sonic Owner Manual (GMNA-Localizing-U.S./Canada-7707487) - 2015 - crc - 5/28/14
Black plate (23,1)
There are only two reasons why the fluid level in the reservoir might go down:
The fluid level goes down because of normal brake lining wear. When new linings are installed, the fluid level goes back up.
. A fluid leak in the brake/clutch
hydraulic system can also cause a low fluid level. Have the brake/ clutch hydraulic system fixed, since a leak means that sooner or later the brakes and/or clutch will not work well.
Do not top off the brake/clutch fluid. Adding fluid does not correct a leak. If fluid is added when the linings are worn, there will be too much fluid when new brake linings are installed. Add or remove brake fluid, as necessary, only when work is done on the brake/clutch hydraulic system.
Vehicle Care
10-23
{ Warning
{ Warning
If too much brake fluid is added, it can spill on the engine and burn, if the engine is hot enough. You or others could be burned, and the vehicle could be damaged. Add brake fluid only when work is done on the brake/clutch hydraulic system.
When the brake/clutch fluid falls to a low level, the brake warning light comes on. See Brake System Warning Light on page 5-16.
What to Add Use only new DOT 3 brake fluid from a sealed container. See Recommended Fluids and Lubricants on page 11-12. Always clean the brake/clutch fluid reservoir cap and the area around the cap before removing it. This helps keep dirt from entering the reservoir.
With the wrong kind of fluid in the brake/clutch hydraulic system, the brakes might not work well. This could cause a crash. Always use the proper brake/clutch fluid.
{ Caution
. Using the wrong fluid can
badly damage brake/clutch hydraulic system parts. For example, just a few drops of mineral-based oil, such as engine oil, in the brake hydraulic system can damage brake hydraulic system parts so badly that they will have to be replaced. Do not let someone put in the wrong kind of fluid.
(Continued)
Chevrolet Sonic Owner Manual (GMNA-Localizing-U.S./Canada-7707487) - 2015 - crc - 5/28/14
Black plate (24,1)
10-24
Vehicle Care
Caution (Continued)
. If brake fluid is spilled on the
vehicle's painted surfaces, the paint finish can be damaged. Be careful not to spill brake fluid on the vehicle. If you do, wash it off immediately.
Battery The original equipment battery is maintenance free. Do not remove the cap and do not add fluid. Refer to the replacement number shown on the original battery label when a new battery is needed. See Engine Compartment Overview on page 10-6 for battery location.
{ Warning
Battery posts, terminals, and related accessories contain lead and lead compounds, chemicals known to the State of California to cause cancer and reproductive harm. Wash hands after handling.
Vehicle Storage
{ Warning
Batteries have acid that can burn you and gas that can explode. You can be badly hurt if you are not careful. See Jump Starting on page 10-74 for tips on working around a battery without getting hurt.
Infrequent Usage: Remove the black, negative (−) cable from the battery to keep the battery from running down.
Extended Storage: Remove the black, negative (−) cable from the battery or use a battery trickle charger.
Starter Switch Check
{ Warning When you are doing this inspection, the vehicle could move suddenly. If the vehicle moves, you or others could be injured.
1. Before starting this check, be
sure there is enough room around the vehicle.
2. Apply both the parking brake
and the regular brake. Do not use the accelerator pedal, and be ready to turn off the engine immediately if it starts.
Chevrolet Sonic Owner Manual (GMNA-Localizing-U.S./Canada-7707487) - 2015 - crc - 5/28/14
Black plate (25,1)
3. For automatic transmission
vehicles, try to start the engine in each gear. The vehicle should start only in P (Park) or N (Neutral). If the vehicle starts in any other position, contact your dealer for service. For manual transmission vehicles, put the shift lever in Neutral, push the clutch pedal down halfway, and try to start the engine. The vehicle should start only when the clutch pedal is pushed down all the way to the floor. If the vehicle starts when the clutch pedal is not pushed all the way down, contact your dealer for service.
Vehicle Care
10-25
normal effort. If the shift lever moves out of P (Park), contact your dealer for service.
Ignition Transmission Lock Check While parked, and with the parking brake set, try to turn the ignition to LOCK/OFF in each shift lever position.
For automatic transmission vehicles, the ignition should turn to LOCK/OFF only when the shift lever is in P (Park). For manual transmission vehicles, the ignition should turn to LOCK/OFF only when the shift lever is in neutral.
On all vehicles, the ignition key should come out only in LOCK/OFF. Contact your dealer if service is required.
Automatic Transmission Shift Lock Control Function Check
{ Warning When you are doing this inspection, the vehicle could move suddenly. If the vehicle moves, you or others could be injured.
1. Before starting this check, be
sure there is enough room around the vehicle. It should be parked on a level surface.
2. Apply the parking brake. Be
ready to apply the regular brake immediately if the vehicle begins to move.
3. With the engine off, turn the
ignition on, but do not start the engine. Without applying the regular brake, try to move the shift lever out of P (Park) with
Chevrolet Sonic Owner Manual (GMNA-Localizing-U.S./Canada-7707487) - 2015 - crc - 5/28/14
Black plate (26,1)
10-26
Vehicle Care
Park Brake and P (Park) Mechanism Check { Warning
When you are doing this check, the vehicle could begin to move. You or others could be injured and property could be damaged. Make sure there is room in front of the vehicle in case it begins to roll. Be ready to apply the regular brake at once should the vehicle begin to move.
Park on a fairly steep hill, with the vehicle facing downhill. Keeping your foot on the regular brake, set the parking brake.
To check the parking brake's holding ability: With the engine running and the transmission in N (Neutral), slowly remove foot pressure from the regular brake pedal. Do this until the vehicle is held by the parking brake only.
To check the P (Park) mechanism's holding ability: With the engine running, shift to P (Park). Then release the parking brake followed by the regular brake.
Contact your dealer if service is required.
Wiper Blade Replacement
Front Wiper Blade Replacement Windshield wiper blades should be inspected for wear or cracking. See the Maintenance Schedule on page 11-2 for more information. Replacement blades come in different types and are removed in different ways. For proper windshield wiper blade length and type, see Maintenance Replacement Parts on page 11-13.
{ Caution
Allowing the wiper arm to touch the windshield when no wiper blade is installed could damage the windshield. Any damage that occurs would not be covered by your warranty. Do not allow the wiper arm to touch the windshield.
To replace the windshield wiper blade: 1. Pull the windshield wiper assembly away from the windshield.
2. Squeeze the tabs on each side
of the wiper blade assembly and slide the assembly off the end of the wiper arm.
Chevrolet Sonic Owner Manual (GMNA-Localizing-U.S./Canada-7707487) - 2015 - crc - 5/28/14
Black plate (27,1)
1. Pull the wiper arm a short
distance away from the glass (1).
2. Pull the blade out from
the arm (2). It may require extra effort to remove the old blade.
Vehicle Care
10-27
Headlamp Aiming Headlamp aim has been preset and should need no further adjustment. If the vehicle is damaged in a crash, the headlamp aim may be affected. If adjustment to the headlamps is necessary, see your dealer.
3.
Install the new blade onto the arm and make sure the tabs are fully set in the locked position. 4. Repeat the steps for the other
wiper.
Rear Wiper Blade Replacement
3. Once the blade pin disengages from the wiper arm, remove the wiper blade by sliding the pin out of the guide hole.
4. Reverse the steps to install the
new blade.
Chevrolet Sonic Owner Manual (GMNA-Localizing-U.S./Canada-7707487) - 2015 - crc - 5/28/14
Black plate (28,1)
10-28
Vehicle Care
Bulb Replacement For the proper type of replacement bulbs, see Replacement Bulbs on page 10-32. For any bulb‐changing procedure not listed in this section, contact your dealer.
Halogen Bulbs
{ Warning
Halogen bulbs have pressurized gas inside and can burst if you drop or scratch the bulb. You or others could be injured. Be sure to read and follow the instructions on the bulb package.
Headlamps, Front Turn Signal and Parking Lamps
2. For the driver side bulb, remove
the windshield washer bottle filler neck by turning it one-quarter turn counterclockwise and pulling it straight up and out of the bottle.
Passenger Side Shown, Driver Side Similar
1. High-Beam Headlamp 2. Low-Beam Headlamp 3. Parking/Turn Signal Lamps
High-Beam Headlamp/ Low-Beam Headlamp 1. Open the hood. See Hood on
page 10-4.
3. Remove the headlamp bulb
access cover.
4. Turn the bulb counterclockwise
and pull straight back.
5. Disconnect the wiring harness
connector from the bulb.
Chevrolet Sonic Owner Manual (GMNA-Localizing-U.S./Canada-7707487) - 2015 - crc - 5/28/14
Black plate (29,1)
6.
Install the new bulb in the headlamp assembly by turning clockwise.
7. Reconnect the wiring harness
8.
connector. Install the headlamp bulb access cover.
9. For the driver side bulb, replace
the windshield washer bottle filler neck by turning it one-quarter turn clockwise into the bottle.
Parking/Turn Signal Lamp 1. Open the hood. See Hood on
page 10-4.
2. Remove the parking/turn signal
lamp bulb socket from the headlamp assembly by turning counterclockwise.
4.
3. Remove the bulb from the bulb socket by pulling it straight out. Install the new bulb in the bulb socket. Install the bulb socket into the headlamp assembly by turning clockwise.
5.
Vehicle Care
10-29
Fog Lamps (LS, LT, and LTZ) To replace the front fog lamp bulb: 1. Locate the fog lamp located
under the front fascia.
2. Disconnect the electrical
connector from the fog lamp bulb assembly.
3. Remove the bulb by turning it counterclockwise and pulling it straight out of the assembly. Install the new bulb by turning it clockwise into the assembly.
4.
5. Reconnect the electrical
connector.
Chevrolet Sonic Owner Manual (GMNA-Localizing-U.S./Canada-7707487) - 2015 - crc - 5/28/14
Black plate (30,1)
10-30
Vehicle Care
Fog Lamps (RS)
2. Turn Signal Lamp 3. Stop Lamp/Taillamp 4. Sidemarker Lamp
To replace one of these bulbs: 1. Open the trunk.
5.
Install the new bulb by turning it clockwise into the assembly.
6. Reconnect the electrical
connector.
7. Replace the cap on the back of
the fog lamp assembly.
Taillamps, Turn Signal, Stoplamps, and Back-Up Lamps
To replace the front fog lamp bulb: 1. Locate the fog lamp located
under the front fascia.
2. Remove the cap from the back
of the fog lamp assembly. 3. Disconnect the electrical
connector from the fog lamp bulb assembly.
4. Remove the bulb by turning it counterclockwise and pulling it straight out of the assembly.
2. Remove the two screws, which
secure the taillamp assembly. 3. Remove the taillamp assembly by pulling it straight back until the two posts disengage from the grommets.
Sedan Taillamp Shown, Hatchback Taillamp Similar
1. Back-up Lamp
Chevrolet Sonic Owner Manual (GMNA-Localizing-U.S./Canada-7707487) - 2015 - crc - 5/28/14
Black plate (31,1)
License Plate Lamp
4. Remove the bulb socket from
the taillamp assembly by turning it counterclockwise.
5. Remove the bulb by pulling it
6.
7.
8.
straight out. Install a new bulb into the bulb socket. Install the bulb socket into the taillamp assembly by turning it clockwise. Install the taillamp assembly and tighten the two screws.
Lamp Assembly
Bulb Assembly
Vehicle Care
10-31
1. Bulb Socket 2. Bulb 3. Lamp Assembly
To replace one of these bulbs: 1. Push the left end of the lamp
assembly toward the right.
2. Turn the lamp assembly down to
remove it.
3. Turn the bulb socket (1)
counterclockwise to remove it from the lamp assembly (3).
4. Pull the bulb (2) straight out of
the bulb socket (1).
5. Push the replacement bulb
straight into the bulb socket and turn the bulb socket clockwise to install it into the lamp assembly. 6. Turn the lamp assembly into the
lamp assembly opening engaging the clip side first.
7. Push on the lamp side opposite the clip until the lamp assembly snaps into place.
Chevrolet Sonic Owner Manual (GMNA-Localizing-U.S./Canada-7707487) - 2015 - crc - 5/28/14
Black plate (32,1)
10-32
Vehicle Care
Replacement Bulbs
Electrical System
Exterior Lamp
Back-Up Lamp Front Fog Lamp Front Parking/Turn Signal Lamp High-Beam Headlamp License Plate Lamp Low-Beam Headlamp Rear Sidemarker Lamp Rear Turn Signal Lamp Stop Lamp/Taillamp
Bulb
Number
921
H87444NA
9005LL
W5W LL
H11
194LL
4157NAK
7444LL
For replacement bulbs not listed here, contact your dealer.
Electrical System Overload The vehicle has fuses and circuit breakers to protect against an electrical system overload. When the current electrical load is too heavy, the circuit breaker opens and closes, protecting the circuit until the current load returns to normal or the problem is fixed. This greatly reduces the chance of circuit overload and fire caused by electrical problems. Fuses and circuit breakers protect power devices in the vehicle. Replace a bad fuse with a new one of the identical size and rating. If there is a problem on the road and a fuse needs to be replaced, the same amperage fuse can be borrowed. Choose some feature of the vehicle that is not needed to use and replace it as soon as possible.
Headlamp Wiring An electrical overload may cause the lamps to go on and off, or in some cases to remain off. Have the headlamp wiring checked right away if the lamps go on and off or remain off. Windshield Wipers If the wiper motor overheats due to heavy snow or ice, the windshield wipers will stop until the motor cools and will then restart. Although the circuit is protected from electrical overload, overload due to heavy snow or ice may cause wiper linkage damage. Always clear ice and heavy snow from the windshield before using the windshield wipers. If the overload is caused by an electrical problem and not snow or ice, be sure to get it fixed.
Chevrolet Sonic Owner Manual (GMNA-Localizing-U.S./Canada-7707487) - 2015 - crc - 5/28/14
Black plate (33,1)
Fuses and Circuit Breakers The wiring circuits in the vehicle are protected from short circuits by a combination of fuses, circuit breakers, and fusible thermal links. This greatly reduces the chance of fires caused by electrical problems. Look at the silver-colored band inside the fuse. If the band is broken or melted, replace the fuse. Be sure you replace a bad fuse with a new one of the identical size and rating. Fuses of the same amperage can be temporarily borrowed from another fuse location, if a fuse goes out. Replace the fuse as soon as you can.
Engine Compartment Fuse Block
LUV and LUW Engines
The engine compartment fuse block is on the driver side of the vehicle, near the battery.
Vehicle Care
10-33
{ Caution
Spilling liquid on any electrical component on the vehicle may damage it. Always keep the covers on any electrical component.
To access the fuses, press the clips together, and lift the cover. To reinstall the cover, push the cover until it is secure.
Chevrolet Sonic Owner Manual (GMNA-Localizing-U.S./Canada-7707487) - 2015 - crc - 5/28/14
Black plate (34,1)
10-34
Vehicle Care
Mini Fuses
Usage
Mini Fuses
Usage
10
12
13
1415
Antilock Brake System Valve Sunroof Rear Wiper Regulated Voltage Control Antilock Brake System Fluid Automatic Occupant Sensing/ROS Outside Rearview Mirror Rear Window Defogger Heated Outside Rearview Mirror Heated Front Seat Fuel System Control Module 1
Flex Fuel16
17
1819
20
21
22
2324
25
26
Washer Fuel Pump (1.8L) Engine Control Module 5
Fuel System Control Module 2/ Leveling Transmission Control Module 1
Engine Control Module 1
Coil Engine Control Module 4
Engine Control Module 3
Engine Control Module 2
Injector/ Ignition CoilThe vehicle may not be equipped with all of the fuses, relays, and features shown.
Chevrolet Sonic Owner Manual (GMNA-Localizing-U.S./Canada-7707487) - 2015 - crc - 5/28/14
Black plate (35,1)
Vehicle Care
10-35
Relays RLY 9
RLY 10RLY 11
RLY 12
RLY 13Usage
Powertrain Relay Start High Current Relay Air Conditioning Compressor Clutch Relay High-Beam Relay Cooling Fan K1
RelayMini Fuses
Usage
27
28
29
30
31
32
33SPARE
J-Case Fuses
Engine Control Module Air Conditioning Compressor Clutch Transmission Control Module Horn Front Fog Lamps Left High Beam Right High Beam Spare
Usage
Antilock Brake System Pump Front Wiper Blower Run/Crank IEC Cooling Fan K5
J-Case Fuses
Relays RLY 1
RLY 2
RLY 3
RLY 4
RLY 6RLY 7
RLY 8
Usage
Cooling Fan K4
EVP StartUsage
Front Wiper Control Relay Front Wiper Speed Relay Rear Window Defogger Relay Run/Crank Relay Fuel Pump Relay (1.8L) Cooling Fan K2
Relay (1.4L) Cooling Fan K3
Relay (1.8L), Cooling Fan K3
High Current Relay (1.4L)Chevrolet Sonic Owner Manual (GMNA-Localizing-U.S./Canada-7707487) - 2015 - crc - 5/28/14
Black plate (36,1)
10-36
Vehicle Care
LWE Engine
The vehicle may not be equipped with all of the fuses, relays, and features shown.
Mini Fuses
Usage
10
1113
14
15
Antilock Brake System Valve Sunroof Outside Rearview Mirror AOS/ROS ABS Oil Regulated Voltage Control Rear Wiper Not Used/IBS* Rear Window Defogger Not Used/SAI Valve* Heated Outside Rearview Mirror Heated Seat Front
Mini Fuses
16
17
18
19
2021
22
23
24
25
26Usage Fuel System Control Module 1
Canister Vent Washer Fuel Pump* Engine Control Module 5
Fuel System Control Module 2/ Leveling Transmission Control Module 1/ DC-DC Converter Auxiliary Water Pump Power Engine Control Module 1
Coil Engine Control Module 4Chevrolet Sonic Owner Manual (GMNA-Localizing-U.S./Canada-7707487) - 2015 - crc - 5/28/14
Black plate (37,1)
Mini Fuses
Usage
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36Engine Control Module 3
Engine Control Module 2
Injector/ Ignition Coil Engine Control Module Air Conditioning Compressor Clutch Transmission Control Module Horn Front Fog Lamps Left High Beam Right High BeamJ-Case Fuses
Usage
Front Wiper
J-Case Fuses
Usage
10
Micro Relays RLY 1
RLY 3
HC-Micro
Relays RLY 7
Antilock Brake System Pump Blower Run/Crank IEC Cooling Fan K4
Cooling Fan K5
SAI Pump* EVP StartUsage
Front Wiper Control Front Wiper Speed
Usage
Auxiliary Water Pump Power*
Vehicle Care
10-37
HC-Micro
Relays RLY 12
Start
Usage
U-Micro Relays RLY 6
RLY 8
RLY 13RLY 14
Usage
Not Used/SAI Valve* Fuel Pump* Air Conditioning Compressor Clutch High-Beam Headlamps
Mini Relays
Usage
RLY 4
RLY 5
RLY 9
RLY 10Rear Defogger Run/Crank SAI Pump* Cooling Fan K3
Chevrolet Sonic Owner Manual (GMNA-Localizing-U.S./Canada-7707487) - 2015 - crc - 5/28/14
Black plate (38,1)
10-38
Vehicle Care
Mini Relays
Usage
RLY 11
RLY 15P/T Cooling Fan K1
* = If equipped
Instrument Panel Fuse Block
The instrument panel fuse block is on the underside of the driver side instrument panel.
The vehicle may not be equipped with all of the fuses, relays, and features shown.
Number
Usage
10
11
12
DLIS Data Link Connector Airbag Liftgate Spare Body Control Module 8
Body Control Module 7
Body Control Module 6
Body Control Module 5
Body Control Module 4
Body Control Module 3
Body Control Module 2Chevrolet Sonic Owner Manual (GMNA-Localizing-U.S./Canada-7707487) - 2015 - crc - 5/28/14
Black plate (39,1)
Vehicle Care
10-39
Usage Driver Power Window Express Up/Down PTC2
PTC1
Battery ConnectorNumber
13
14
15
1617
18
19
20
21
2223
24
25Usage Body Control Module 1
Instrument Cluster OnStar Rear Parking Assist Driver Information Center Audio Trailer VLBS CHEVYSTAR Heating, Ventilation, Air Conditioning HDLP ALC Clutch Instrument Cluster/ Automatic Occupant SensingNumber
Usage
Number
40
41
42
4326
27
28
29
30
3132
33
34
35
3637
38
39Airbag Run/Crank Run Relay Liftgate Release Trailer Run/Crank Clock Spring Heating, Ventilation, and Air Conditioning Spare Sunroof Cigarette Lighter Spare Rear Power Windows Front Power Windows RAP/ACCY DC/DC Converter
Chevrolet Sonic Owner Manual (GMNA-Localizing-U.S./Canada-7707487) - 2015 - crc - 5/28/14
Black plate (40,1)
10-40
Vehicle Care
Wheels and Tires
Tires Every new GM vehicle has high-quality tires made by a leading tire manufacturer. See the warranty manual for information regarding the tire warranty and where to get service. For additional information refer to the tire manufacturer.
{ Warning
. Poorly maintained and
improperly used tires are dangerous.
. Overloading the tires can
cause overheating as a result of too much flexing. There could be a blowout
(Continued)
Warning (Continued)
Warning (Continued)
and a serious crash. See Vehicle Load Limits on page 9-9.
. Underinflated tires pose
the same danger as overloaded tires. The resulting crash could cause serious injury. Check all tires frequently to maintain the recommended pressure. Tire pressure should be checked when the tires are cold.
. Overinflated tires are more likely to be cut, punctured, or broken by a sudden impact — such as when hitting a pothole. Keep tires at the recommended pressure.
(Continued)
. Worn or old tires can
cause a crash. If the tread is badly worn, replace them.
. Replace any tires that
have been damaged by impacts with potholes, curbs, etc.
. Improperly repaired tires can cause a crash. Only the dealer or an authorized tire service center should repair, replace, dismount, and mount the tires.
. Do not spin the tires in
excess of 56 km/h (35 mph) on slippery surfaces such as snow, mud, ice, etc. Excessive spinning may cause the tires to explode.
Chevrolet Sonic Owner Manual (GMNA-Localizing-U.S./Canada-7707487) - 2015 - crc - 5/28/14
Black plate (41,1)
All-Season Tires This vehicle may come with all-season tires. These tires are designed to provide good overall performance on most road surfaces and weather conditions. Original equipment tires designed to GM's specific tire performance criteria have a TPC specification code molded onto the sidewall. Original equipment all-season tires can be identified by the last two characters of this TPC code, which will be “MS.” Consider installing winter tires on the vehicle if frequent driving on snow or ice-covered roads is expected. All-season tires provide adequate performance for most winter driving conditions, but they may not offer the same level of traction or performance as winter tires on snow or ice-covered roads. See Winter Tires on page 10-41.
Winter Tires This vehicle was not originally equipped with winter tires. Winter tires are designed for increased traction on snow and ice-covered roads. Consider installing winter tires on the vehicle if frequent driving on ice or snow covered roads is expected. See your dealer for details regarding winter tire availability and proper tire selection. Also, see Buying New Tires on page 10-55. With winter tires, there may be decreased dry road traction, increased road noise, and shorter tread life. After changing to winter tires, be alert for changes in vehicle handling and braking. If using winter tires: . Use tires of the same brand and
tread type on all four wheel positions.
Vehicle Care
10-41
. Use only radial ply tires of the
same size, load range, and speed rating as the original equipment tires.
Winter tires with the same speed rating as the original equipment tires may not be available for H, V, W, Y, and ZR speed rated tires. If winter tires with a lower speed rating are chosen, never exceed the tire's maximum speed capability.
Summer Tires This vehicle may come with high performance summer tires. These tires have a special tread and compound that are optimized for maximum dry and wet road performance. This special tread and compound will have decreased performance in cold climates, and on ice and snow. We recommend installing winter tires on the vehicle if frequent driving at temperatures below approximately 5°C (40°F) or on ice or snow covered roads is expected. See Winter Tires on page 10-41.
Chevrolet Sonic Owner Manual (GMNA-Localizing-U.S./Canada-7707487) - 2015 - crc - 5/28/14
Black plate (42,1)
10-42
Vehicle Care
Tire Sidewall Labeling Useful information about a tire is molded into its sidewall. The examples show a typical passenger vehicle tire and a compact spare tire sidewall.
Passenger (P-Metric) Tire Example (1) Tire Size: The tire size is a combination of letters and numbers used to define a particular tire's width, height, aspect ratio, construction type,
and service description. See the “Tire Size” illustration later in this section. (2) TPC Spec (Tire Performance Criteria Specification): Original equipment tires designed to GM's specific tire performance criteria have a TPC specification code molded onto the sidewall. GM's TPC specifications meet or exceed all federal safety guidelines. (3) DOT (Department of Transportation): The Department of Transportation (DOT) code indicates that the tire is in compliance with the U.S. Department of Transportation Motor Vehicle Safety Standards. DOT Tire Date of Manufacture: The last four digits of the TIN indicate the tire manufactured date. The first two
digits represent the week (01– 52) and the last two digits, the year. For example, the third week of the year 2010 would have a four-digit DOT date of 0310. (4) Tire Identification Number (TIN): The letters and numbers following the DOT (Department of Transportation) code are the Tire Identification Number (TIN). The TIN shows the manufacturer and plant code, tire size, and date the tire was manufactured. The TIN is molded onto both sides of the tire, although only one side may have the date of manufacture. (5) Tire Ply Material: The type of cord and number of plies in the sidewall and under the tread. (6) Uniform Tire Quality Grading (UTQG): Tire manufacturers are required to grade tires based on three
Chevrolet Sonic Owner Manual (GMNA-Localizing-U.S./Canada-7707487) - 2015 - crc - 5/28/14
Black plate (43,1)
performance factors: treadwear, traction, and temperature resistance. For more information see Uniform Tire Quality Grading on page 10-57. (7) Maximum Cold Inflation Load Limit: Maximum load that can be carried and the maximum pressure needed to support that load.
Compact Spare Tire Example (1) Tire Ply Material: The type of cord and number of plies in the sidewall and under the tread.
(2) Temporary Use Only: The compact spare tire or temporary use tire should not be driven at speeds over 80 km/h (50 mph). The compact spare tire is for emergency use when a regular road tire has lost air and gone flat. If the vehicle has a compact spare tire, see Compact Spare Tire on page 10-73 and If a Tire Goes Flat on page 10-60. (3) Tire Identification Number (TIN): The letters and numbers following the DOT (Department of Transportation) code are the Tire Identification Number (TIN). The TIN shows the manufacturer and plant code, tire size, and date the tire was manufactured. The TIN is molded onto both sides of the tire, although only one side may have the date of manufacture.
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(4) Maximum Cold Inflation Load Limit: Maximum load that can be carried and the maximum pressure needed to support that load. (5) Tire Inflation: The temporary use tire or compact spare tire should be inflated to 420 kPa (60 psi). For more information on tire pressure and inflation see Tire Pressure on page 10-47. (6) Tire Size: A combination of letters and numbers define a tire's width, height, aspect ratio, construction type, and service description. The letter T as the first character in the tire size means the tire is for temporary use only. (7) TPC Spec (Tire Performance Criteria Specification): Original equipment tires designed to GM's specific tire performance
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criteria have a TPC specification code molded onto the sidewall. GM's TPC specifications meet or exceed all federal safety guidelines.
Tire Designations
Tire Size The following is an example of a typical passenger vehicle tire size.
(1) Passenger (P-Metric) Tire: The United States version of a metric tire sizing system. The letter P as the first character in the tire size means a passenger
vehicle tire engineered to standards set by the U.S. Tire and Rim Association. (2) Tire Width: The three-digit number indicates the tire section width in millimeters from sidewall to sidewall. (3) Aspect Ratio: A two-digit number that indicates the tire height-to-width measurements. For example, if the tire size aspect ratio is 60, as shown in item 3 of the illustration, it would mean that the tire's sidewall is 60 percent as high as it is wide. (4) Construction Code: A letter code is used to indicate the type of ply construction in the tire. The letter R means radial ply construction; the letter D means diagonal or bias ply construction; and the letter B means belted-bias ply construction.
(5) Rim Diameter: Diameter of the wheel in inches. (6) Service Description: These characters represent the load index and speed rating of the tire. The load index represents the load carrying capacity a tire is certified to carry. The speed rating is the maximum speed a tire is certified to carry a load.
Tire Terminology and Definitions Air Pressure: The amount of air inside the tire pressing outward on each square inch of the tire. Air pressure is expressed in kPa (kilopascal) or psi (pounds per square inch). Accessory Weight: The combined weight of optional accessories. Some examples of optional accessories are
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automatic transmission, power windows, power seats, and air conditioning. Aspect Ratio: The relationship of a tire's height to its width. Belt: A rubber coated layer of cords between the plies and the tread. Cords may be made from steel or other reinforcing materials. Bead: The tire bead contains steel wires wrapped by steel cords that hold the tire onto the rim. Bias Ply Tire: A pneumatic tire in which the plies are laid at alternate angles less than 90 degrees to the centerline of the tread. Cold Tire Pressure: The amount of air pressure in a tire, measured in kPa (kilopascal) or psi (pounds per square inch)
before a tire has built up heat from driving. See Tire Pressure on page 10-47. Curb Weight: The weight of a motor vehicle with standard and optional equipment including the maximum capacity of fuel, oil, and coolant, but without passengers and cargo. DOT Markings: A code molded into the sidewall of a tire signifying that the tire is in compliance with the U.S. Department of Transportation (DOT) Motor Vehicle Safety Standards. The DOT code includes the Tire Identification Number (TIN), an alphanumeric designator which can also identify the tire manufacturer, production plant, brand, and date of production. GVWR: Gross Vehicle Weight Rating. See Vehicle Load Limits on page 9-9.
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GAWR FRT: Gross Axle Weight Rating for the front axle. See Vehicle Load Limits on page 9-9. GAWR RR: Gross Axle Weight Rating for the rear axle. See Vehicle Load Limits on page 9-9. Intended Outboard Sidewall: The side of an asymmetrical tire that must always face outward when mounted on a vehicle. Kilopascal (kPa): The metric unit for air pressure. Light Truck (LT-Metric) Tire: A tire used on light duty trucks and some multipurpose passenger vehicles. Load Index: An assigned number ranging from 1 to 279
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Maximum Inflation Pressure: The maximum air pressure to which a cold tire can be inflated. The maximum air pressure is molded onto the sidewall. Maximum Load Rating: The load rating for a tire at the maximum permissible inflation pressure for that tire. Maximum Loaded Vehicle Weight: The sum of curb weight, accessory weight, vehicle capacity weight, and production options weight. Normal Occupant Weight: The number of occupants a vehicle is designed to seat multiplied by 68 kg (150 lb). See Vehicle Load Limits on page 9-9. Occupant Distribution: Designated seating positions. Outward Facing Sidewall: The side of an asymmetrical tire that has a particular side that faces
outward when mounted on a vehicle. The side of the tire that contains a whitewall, bears white lettering, or bears manufacturer, brand, and/or model name molding that is higher or deeper than the same moldings on the other sidewall of the tire. Passenger (P-Metric) Tire: A tire used on passenger cars and some light duty trucks and multipurpose vehicles. Recommended Inflation Pressure: Vehicle manufacturer's recommended tire inflation pressure as shown on the tire placard. See Tire Pressure on page 10-47 and Vehicle Load Limits on page 9-9.
Radial Ply Tire: A pneumatic tire in which the ply cords that extend to the beads are laid at 90 degrees to the centerline of the tread. Rim: A metal support for a tire and upon which the tire beads are seated. Sidewall: The portion of a tire between the tread and the bead. Speed Rating: An alphanumeric code assigned to a tire indicating the maximum speed at which a tire can operate. Traction: The friction between the tire and the road surface. The amount of grip provided. Tread: The portion of a tire that comes into contact with the road. Treadwear Indicators: Narrow bands, sometimes called wear bars, that show across the tread
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of a tire when only 1.6 mm (1/16 in) of tread remains. See When It Is Time for New Tires on page 10-54. UTQGS (Uniform Tire Quality Grading Standards): A tire information system that provides consumers with ratings for a tire's traction, temperature, and treadwear. Ratings are determined by tire manufacturers using government testing procedures. The ratings are molded into the sidewall of the tire. See Uniform Tire Quality Grading on page 10-57. Vehicle Capacity Weight: The number of designated seating positions multiplied by 68 kg (150 lb) plus the rated cargo load. See Vehicle Load Limits on page 9-9.
Vehicle Maximum Load on the Tire: Load on an individual tire due to curb weight, accessory weight, occupant weight, and cargo weight. Vehicle Placard: A label permanently attached to a vehicle showing the vehicle capacity weight and the original equipment tire size and recommended inflation pressure. See “Tire and Loading Information Label” under Vehicle Load Limits on page 9-9.
Tire Pressure Tires need the correct amount of air pressure to operate effectively.
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{ Caution
Neither tire underinflation nor overinflation is good. Underinflated tires, or tires that do not have enough air, can result in:
. Tire overloading and
overheating which could lead to a blowout.
. Premature or irregular wear. . Poor handling. . Reduced fuel economy.
Overinflated tires, or tires that have too much air, can result in:
. Unusual wear. . Poor handling. . Rough ride. . Needless damage from
road hazards.
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The Tire and Loading Information label on the vehicle indicates the original equipment tires and the correct cold tire inflation pressures. The recommended pressure is the minimum air pressure needed to support the vehicle's maximum load carrying capacity. See Vehicle Load Limits on page 9-9. How the vehicle is loaded affects vehicle handling and ride comfort. Never load the vehicle with more weight than it was designed to carry.
When to Check Check the tires once a month or more. Do not forget the compact spare, if the vehicle has one. The cold compact spare tire pressure should be at 420 kPa (60 psi). See Compact Spare Tire on page 10-73.
How to Check Use a good quality pocket-type gauge to check tire pressure. Proper tire inflation cannot be determined by looking at the tire. Check the tire inflation pressure when the tires are cold, meaning the vehicle has not been driven for at least three hours or no more than 1.6 km (1 mi). Remove the valve cap from the tire valve stem. Press the tire gauge firmly onto the valve to get a pressure measurement. If the cold tire inflation pressure matches the recommended pressure on the Tire and Loading Information label, no further adjustment is necessary. If the inflation pressure is low, add air until the recommended pressure is reached. If the inflation pressure is high, press on the metal stem in the center of the tire valve to release air.
Recheck the tire pressure with the tire gauge. Return the valve caps on the valve stems to prevent leaks and keep out dirt and moisture.
Tire Pressure Monitor System The Tire Pressure Monitor System (TPMS) uses radio and sensor technology to check tire pressure levels. The TPMS sensors monitor the air pressure in your tires and transmit tire pressure readings to a receiver located in the vehicle. Each tire, including the spare (if provided), should be checked monthly when cold and inflated to the inflation pressure recommended by the vehicle manufacturer on the vehicle placard or tire inflation pressure label. (If your vehicle has tires of a different size than the size indicated on the vehicle placard or
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tire inflation pressure label, you should determine the proper tire inflation pressure for those tires.) As an added safety feature, your vehicle has been equipped with a tire pressure monitoring system (TPMS) that illuminates a low tire pressure telltale when one or more of your tires is significantly under-inflated. Accordingly, when the low tire pressure telltale illuminates, you should stop and check your tires as soon as possible, and inflate them to the proper pressure. Driving on a significantly under-inflated tire causes the tire to overheat and can lead to tire failure. Under-inflation also reduces fuel efficiency and tire tread life, and may affect the vehicle's handling and stopping ability. Please note that the TPMS is not a substitute for proper tire maintenance, and it is the driver's responsibility to maintain correct tire pressure, even if under-inflation has
not reached the level to trigger illumination of the TPMS low tire pressure telltale. Your vehicle has also been equipped with a TPMS malfunction indicator to indicate when the system is not operating properly. The TPMS malfunction indicator is combined with the low tire pressure telltale. When the system detects a malfunction, the telltale will flash for approximately one minute and then remain continuously illuminated. This sequence will continue upon subsequent vehicle start-ups as long as the malfunction exists. When the malfunction indicator is illuminated, the system may not be able to detect or signal low tire pressure as intended. TPMS malfunctions may occur for a variety of reasons, including the installation of replacement or alternate tires or wheels on the vehicle that prevent the TPMS from functioning properly. Always check the TPMS malfunction telltale after replacing one or more tires or wheels on your vehicle to
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ensure that the replacement or alternate tires and wheels allow the TPMS to continue to function properly. See Tire Pressure Monitor Operation on page 10-49. See Radio Frequency Statement on page 13-12.
Tire Pressure Monitor Operation This vehicle may have a Tire Pressure Monitor System (TPMS). The TPMS is designed to warn the driver when a low tire pressure condition exists. TPMS sensors are mounted onto each tire and wheel assembly, excluding the spare tire and wheel assembly. The TPMS sensors monitor the air pressure in the tires and transmit the tire pressure readings to a receiver located in the vehicle.
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When a low tire pressure condition is detected, the TPMS illuminates the low tire pressure warning light located on the instrument cluster. If the warning light comes on, stop as soon as possible and inflate the tires to the recommended pressure shown on the Tire and Loading Information label. See Vehicle Load Limits on page 9-9. The low tire pressure warning light comes on at each ignition cycle until the tires are inflated to the correct inflation pressure. The low tire pressure warning light may come on in cool weather when the vehicle is first started, and then turn off as the vehicle is driven. This could be an early indicator that the air pressure is getting low and must be inflated to the proper pressure.
A Tire and Loading Information label shows the size of the original equipment tires and the correct inflation pressure for the tires when they are cold. See Vehicle Load Limits on page 9-9, for an example of the Tire and Loading Information label and its location. Also see Tire Pressure on page 10-47. The TPMS can warn about a low tire pressure condition but it does not replace normal tire maintenance. See Tire Inspection on page 10-52, Tire Rotation on page 10-53 and Tires on page 10-40.
{ Caution
Tire sealant materials are not all the same. A non-approved tire sealant could damage the TPMS sensors. TPMS sensor damage caused by using an incorrect tire sealant is not covered by the vehicle warranty. Always use only (Continued)
Caution (Continued)
the GM approved tire sealant available through your dealer or included in the vehicle.
Factory-installed Tire Inflator Kits use a GM-approved liquid tire sealant. Using non-approved tire sealants could damage the TPMS sensors. See Tire Sealant and Compressor Kit on page 10-61 for information regarding the inflator kit materials and instructions.
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TPMS Malfunction Light The TPMS will not function properly if one or more of the TPMS sensors are missing or inoperable. When the
