1994 Cadillac Seville Owners Manual

when they show signs of streaking or missing areas on the windshield, or when strips of rubber start to separate from the inserts.

190

Driving too fast through large water puddles or even going through some car washes can cause problems, too. The water may affect your brakes. Try to avoid puddles. But if you can’t, try to slow down before you hit them.

Hydroplaning Hydroplaning is dangerous. So much water can build up under your tires that they can actually ride on the water. This can happen if the road is wet enough and you’re going fast enough. When your vehicle is hydroplaning, it has little or no contact with the road. Hydroplaning doesn’t happen often. But it can if your tires haven’t much tread or if the pressure in one or more is low. It can happen if a lot of

water is standing on the road. If you can see reflections from trees, telephone poles, or other vehicles, and raindrops “dimple” the water’s surface, there could be hydroplaning. Hydroplaning usually happens at higher speeds. There just isn’t a hard and fast rule about hydroplaning. The best advice is to slow down when it is raining. Some Other Rainy Weather Tips

Turn on your low-beam headlights -- not just your parking lights -- to help make you more visible to others. Besides slowing down, allow some extra following distance. And be especially careful when you pass another vehicle. Allow yourself more clear room ahead, and be prepared to have your view restricted by road spray.

0 Have good tires with proper tread depth. (See “Tires” in the Index.) C I T Y D W N G

192

One of the biggest problems with city streets is the amount of traffic on them. You’ll want to watch out for what the other drivers are doing and pay attention to traffic signals. Here are ways to increase your safety in city driving:

Know the best way to get to where you are going. Get a city map and plan your trip into an unknown part of the city just as you would for a cross-country trip. Try to use the freeways that rim and crisscross most large cities. You’ll save time and energy. (See the next section, “Freeway Driving.”) Treat a green light as a warning signal. A traffic light is there because the corner is busy enough to need it. When a light turns green, and just before you start to move, check both ways for vehicles that have not cleared the intersection or may be running the red light.

FREEWAYDmNG

Mile for mile, freeways (also called thruways, parkways, expressways, turnpikes, or superhighways) are the safest of all roads. But they have their own special rules. The most important advice on freeway driving is: Keep up with traffic and keep to the right. Drive at the same speed most of the other drivers are driving. Too-fast or too-slow driving breaks a smooth traffic flow. Treat the left lane on a freeway as a passing lane.

193

At the entrance there is usually a ramp that leads to the freeway. If you have a clear view of the freeway as you drive along the entrance ramp, you should begin to check traffic. Try to determine where you expect to blend with the flow. Try to merge into the gap at close to the prevailing speed. Switch on your turn signal, check your mirrors and glance over your shoulder as often as necessary. Try to blend smoothly with the traffic flow. Once you are on the freeway, adjust your speed to the posted limit or to the prevailing rate if it’s slower. Stay in the right lane unless you want to pass. Before changing lanes, check your mirrors. Then use your turn signal. Just before you leave the lane, glance quickly over your shoulder to make sure there isn’t another vehicle in your “blind” spot. Once you are moving on the freeway, make certain you allow a reasonable following distance. Expect to move slightly slower at night. When you want to leave the freeway, move to the proper lane well in advance. If you miss your exit do not, under any circumstances, stop and back up. Drive on to the next exit. The exit ramp can be curved, sometimes quite sharply. The exit speed is usually posted. Reduce your speed according to your speedometer, not to your sense of motion. After driving for any distance at higher speeds, you may tend to think you are going slower than you actually are. BEFORE LEAVING ONA LONG THP Make sure you’re ready. Try to be well rested. If you must start when you’re not fresh -- such as after a day’s work -- don’t plan to make too many miles that first part of the journey. Wear comfortable clothing and shoes you can easily drive in. Is your vehicle ready for a long trip? If you keep it serviced and maintained, it’s ready to go. If it needs service, have it done before starting out. Of course, you’ll find experienced and able service experts in Cadillac dealerships all across North America. They’ll be ready and willing to help if you need it.

Here are some things you can check before a trip:

Windshield Washer Fluid: Is the reservoir full? Are all windows clean inside and outside? Wiper Blades: Are they in good shape? Fuel. Engine Oil, Other Fluids; Have you checked all levels? Lichts: Are they all working? Are the lenses clean? Tires: They are vitally important to a safe, trouble-free trip. Is the tread good enough for long-distance driving? Are the tires all inflated to the recommended pressure? Weather Forecasts: What’s the weather outlook along your route? Should you delay your trip a short time to avoid a major storm system? Maps: Do you have up-to-date maps?

H I G m A Y HITNOSIS Is t h h Actually such a condition as “highway hypnosis”? Or is it just plain falling asleep at the wheel? Call it highway hypnosis, lack of awareness, or whatever. There is something about an easy stretch of road with the same scenery, along with the hum of the tires on the road, the drone of the engine, and the rush of the wind against the vehicle that can make you sleepy. Don’t let it happen to you! If it does, your vehicle can leave the road in less than a second, and you could crash and be injured. What can you do about highway hypnosis? First, be aware that it can happen. Then here are some tips:

Make sure your vehicle is well ventilated, with a comfortably cool interior. Keep your eyes moving. Scan the road ahead and to the sides. Check your rearview mirrors and your instruments frequently. If you get sleepy, pull off the road into a rest, service, or parking area and take a nap, get some exercise, or both. For safety, treat drowsiness on the highway as an emergency.

195

HILL AND MOUNTMN ROADS

Driving on steep hills or mountains is different from driving in flat or rolling terrain. If you drive regularly in steep country, or if you're planning to visit there, here are some tips that can make your trips safer and more enjoyable. Keep your vehicle in good shape. Check all fluid levels and also the brakes, tires, cooling system and transaxle. These parts can work hard on mountain roads. Know how to go down hills. The most important thing to know is this: let your engine do some of the slowing down. Shift to a lower gear when you go down a steep or long hill.

196

0

Know how to go uphill. You may want to shift down to a lower gear. The lower gears help cool your engine and transaxle, and you can climb the hill better. Stay in your own lane when driving on two-lane roads in hills or mountains. Don’t swing wide or cut across the center of the road. Drive at speeds that let you stay in your own lane. As you go over the top of a hill, be alert. There could be something in your lane, like a stalled car or an accident. You may see highway signs on mountains that warn of special problems. Examples are long grades, passing or no-passing zones, a falling rocks area, or winding roads. Be alert to these and take appropriate action.

197

WNTER D m N G

Here are some tips for winter driving:

Have your Cadillac in good shape for winter. Be sure your engine coolant mix is correct. You may want to put winter emergency supplies in your trunk.

198

I

Include an ice scraper, a small brush or broom, a supply of windshield washer fluid, a rag, some winter outer clothing, a small shovel, a flashlight, a red cloth, and a couple of reflective warning triangles. And, if you will be driving under severe conditions, include a small bag of sand, a piece of old carpet or a couple of burlap bags to help provide traction. Be sure you properly secure these items in your vehicle. Driving on Snow or Ice

199

Most of the time, those places where your tires meet the road probably have good traction. However, if there is snow or ice between your tires and the road, you can have a very slippery situation. You’ll have a lot less traction or “grip” and will need to be very careful. What’s the worst time for this? “Wet ice.” Very cold snow or ice can be slick and hard to drive on. But wet ice can be even more trouble because it may offer the least traction of all. You can get “wet ice” when it’s about freezing (32’F; O°C) and freezing rain begins to fall. Try to avoid driving on wet ice until salt and sand crews can get there. Whatever the condition -- smooth ice, packed, blowing or loose snow -- drive with caution. to If you have the traction control system, it will improve your ability accelerate when driving on a slippery road. Even though your vehicle has a traction control system, you’ll want to slow down and adjust your driving to the road conditions. See “Traction Control System” in the Index. Your anti-lock brakes improve your ability to make a hard stop on a slippery road. Even though you have the anti-lock braking system, you’ll want to begin stopping sooner than you would on dry pavement. See “Anti-lock” in the Index. e Allow greater following distance on any slippery road.

Watch for slippery spots. The road might be fine until you hit a spot that’s covered with ice. On an otherwise clear road, ice patches may appear in shaded areas where the sun can’t reach: around clumps of trees, behind buildings, or under bridges. Sometimes the surface of a curve or an overpass may remain icy when the surrounding roads are clear. If you see a patch of ice ahead of you, brake before you are on it. Try not to brake while you’re actually on the ice, and avoid sudden steering maneuvers.

200

If You’re Caught in u Blizzard

If you are stopped by heavy snow, you could be in a serious situation. You should probably stay with your vehicle unless you know for sure that you are near help and you can hike through the snow. Here are some things to do to summon help and keep yourself and your passengers safe: Turn on your hazard flashers. Tie a red cloth to your vehicle to alert police that you’ve been stopped by the snow. Put on extra clothing or wrap a blanket around you. If you have no blankets or extra clothing, make body insulators from newspapers, burlap bags, rags, floor mats -- anything you can wrap around yourself or tuck under your clothing to keep warm. You can run the engine to keep warm, but be careful.

201

Run your engine only as long as you must. This saves fuel. When you run the engine, make it go a little faster than just idle. That is, push the accelerator slightly. This uses less fuel for the heat that you get and it keeps the battery charged. You will need a well-charged battery to restart the vehicle, and possibly for signaling later on with your headlights. Let the heater run for awhile. Then, shut the engine off and close the window almost all the way to preserve the heat. Start the engine again and repeat this only when you feel really uncomfortable from the cold. But do it as little as possible. Preserve the fuel as long as you can. To help keep warm, you can get out of the vehicle and do some fairly vigorous exercises every half hour or so until help comes.

202

TOWNG A T M L E R

NOTICE: Pulling a trailer improperly can damage your vehicle and result in costly repairs not covered by your warranty. To pull a trailer correctly, follow the advice in this section.

Your Cadillac is a passenger vehicle. It was not designed for many of the demands that trailer towing can add. Trailer towing can change the way your vehicle performs on the road. It brings new forces into play and can add plenty of strain and stress to your vehicle. Load pulling components such as the engine, transaxle, wheel assemblies, and tires are forced to work harder against the drag of the added weight. The engine is required to operate at relatively higher speeds and under greater loads, generating extra heat. Trailer towing adds considerably to wind resistance increasing the pulling requirements. All of that means changes in:

Handling Durability Fuel Economy

You may decide not to pull a trailer but meet your load carrying needs in some other way.

203

Ifyou Do Decide To Pull A Trailer If you do, here are some important points.

There are many different laws having to do with trailering. Make sure your rig will be legal, not only where you live but also where you’ll be driving. A good source for this information can be state or provincial police. Consider using a sway control. You can ask a hitch dealer about sway controls. Don’t tow a trailer at all during the first 500 miles (800 km) your new vehicle is driven. Your engine, axle or other parts could be damaged. Then, during the first 500 miles (800 km) that you tow a trailer, don’t drive over 50 mph (80 km/h) and don’t make starts at full throttle. This helps your engine and other parts of your vehicle wear in at the heavier loads. When towing a trailer, close all windows and set the Electronic Climate Control System to “ECON”, “AUTO”, “DEFOG” or Defroster to assure that the fan is running. Three important considerations have to do with weight: 1. Weight of the Fully Loaded nailer How heavy can a trailer safely be? It should never weigh more than 1,000 pounds (450 kg) total, including the load. It depends on how you plan to use your rig. For example, speed, altitude, road grades, outside temperature and how much your vehicle is used to pull a trailer are all important. And, it can also depend on any special equipment that you have on your vehicle. You can ask your dealer for information or advice, or you can write us at Cadillac. In Canada, write to General Motors of Canada Limited, Customer Assistance Center, 1908 Colonel Sam Drive, Oshawa, Ontario L1H 8P7.

204

--

L - e

c-

2. Weight of the mailer Tongue

When a trailer is connected to your vehicle, the trailer tongue adds to the weight your vehicle is carrying. So, remember to subtract the weight of the trailer tongue from your vehicle’s capacity weight.

The trailer tongue (A) should weigh 7-10% of the total loaded trailer weight (B). After you’ve loaded your trailer, weigh the trailer and then the tongue, separately, to see if the weights are proper. If they aren’t, you may be able to get them right simply by moving some items around in the trailer.

3. Total Weight on Your Vehicle’s Tires

Be sure your vehicle’s tires are inflated to the limit for cold tires. You’ll find these numbers on the Certification label at the rear edge of the driver’s door (or see Index under “Tire Loading”). Then be sure you don’t go over the GVW limit for your vehicle.

Hitches It’s important to have the correct hitch equipment. Crosswinds, large trucks going by, and rough roads are a few reasons why you’ll need the right hitch. Here are some rules to follow:

Will you have to make any holes in the body of your vehicle when you install a trailer hitch? If you do, then be sure to seal the holes later

205

when you remove the hitch. If you don’t seal them, deadly carbon monoxide (CO) from your exhaust can get into your vehicle (see Index under “Carbon Monoxide”). Dirt and water can, too.

NOTICE: The bumpers on your vehicle are not intended for hitches. Do not attach rental hitches or other bumper-type hitches to them.

I -

trailer.

Safety Chains You should always attach chains between your vehicle and your Cross the safety chains under the tongue-of the trailer so that the tongue will not drop to the road if it becomes separated from the hitch. Follow the manufacturer’s recommendation for attaching safety chains. Always leave just enough slack so you can turn with your rig. And, never allow safety chains to drag on the ground. Trailer Brakes Be sure to read and follow the instructions for the trailer brakes so you’ll be able to install, adjust and maintain them properly. Driving with a Trailer Towing a trailer requires a certain amount of experience. Before setting out for the open road, you’ll want to get to know your rig. Acquaint yourself with the feel of handling and braking with the added weight of the trailer. And always keep in mind that the vehicle you are driving is now a good deal longer and not nearly so responsive as your vehicle is by itself. Before you start, check the trailer hitch and platform, safety chains, electrical connector, lights, tires and mirror adjustment. If the trailer has electric brakes, start your vehicle and trailer moving and then apply the trailer brake controller by hand to be sure the brakes are working. This lets you check your electrical connection at the same time.

206

During your trip, check occasionally to be sure that the load is secure, and that the lights and any trailer brakes are still working. Following Distance Stay at least twice as far behind the vehicle ahead as you would when driving your vehicle without a trailer. This can help you avoid situations that require heavy braking,and sudden turns. Passing You’ll need more passing distance up ahead when you’re towing a trailer. And, because you’re a good deal longer, you’ll need to go much farther beyond the passed vehicle before you can return to your lane. Backing Up Hold the bottom of the steering wheel with one hand. Then, to move the trailer to the left, just move that hand to the left. To move the trailer to the right, move your hand to the right. Always back up slowly and, if possible, have someone guide you. Making Turns When you’re turning with a trailer, make wider turns than normal. Do this so your trailer won’t strike soft shoulders, curbs, road signs, trees, or other objects. Avoid jerky or sudden maneuvers. Signal well in advance. Turn Signals When Towing a Trailer When you tow a trailer, your vehicle has to have a different turn signal flasher and extra wiring. The green arrows on your instrument panel will flash whenever you signal a turn or lane change. Properly hooked up, the trailer lights will also flash, telling other drivers you’re about to turn, change lanes or stop. When towing a trailer, the green arrows on your instrument panel will flash for turns even if the bulbs on the trailer are burned out. Thus, you may think drivers behind you are seeing your signal when they are not. It’s important to check occasionally to be sure the trailer bulbs are still working.

207

to use your

Driving On Grades Reduce speed and shift to a lower gear before you start down a long or steep downgrade. If you don’t shift down, you might have brakes so much that they would get hot and no longer work well. On a long uphill grade, shift down and reduce your speed to around 45 mph (70 km/h) or less to reduce the possibility of engine and transaxle overheating. If your trailer weighs more than 1,000 pounds (450 Kg) and you have an automatic transaxle with Overdrive, you may want to drive in 66 3 ¶? instead of Overdrive Parking on Hills You really should not park your vehicle, with a trailer attached, on a hill. If something goes wrong, your rig could start to move. People can be injured, and both your vehicle and the trailer can be damaged. But if you ever have to park your rig on a hill, here’s how to do it:

Apply your regular brakes, but do not shift into “P” (Park). Have someone place chocks under the trailer wheels. When the wheel chocks are in place, release the regular brakes until the chocks absorb the load.

0 Reapply the regular brakes. Then shift into “P” (Park) firmly and

apply your parking brakes. Release the regular brakes.

when You Are Ready to Leave A@er Parking on a Hill 1. Apply your regular brakes and hold the pedal down while you:

Start your engine; Shift into a gear; and

0 Be sure the parking brake has released.

2. Let up on the brake pedal. 3. Drive slowly until the trailer is clear of the chocks. 4. Stop and have someone pick up and store the chocks.

208

Engine Cooling When Trailering Your cooling system may temporarily overheat during severe operating conditions such as;

Climbing grades steeper than 4% at ambient temperatures above 90 Fahrenheit (32O Celsius) with a loaded vehicle and trailer. Stopping after high-speed driving.

I_

0 Idling for long periods in stop and go traffic. If “ENGINE HOT A/C COMPRESSOR OFF” message appears on the Driver Information Center, do not be alarmed. This is a normal function designed to reduce the load on the engine and cooling system. You can continue to drive your vehicle. If “ENGINE COOLANT HOT IDLE ENGINE’’ message appears on the Driver Information Center, pull off to the side of the road as soon as it is safe to do so. When the vehicle is at a complete stop, shift the - transaxle selector to P (Park) and allow the engine to idle. Do not turn off

__

the engine or increase engine speed above a normal idle. Within two or three minutes the system should cool sufficiently to allow A/C operation to resume. At that time resume driving at a reduced speed. Return to normal driving after 10 minutes if the “ENGINE COOLANT HOT IDLE ENGINE” message is not displayed.

__ Maintenance When Trailer Towing

.-

Your vehicle will need service more often when you’re pulling a trailer. See the Maintenance Schedule for more on this. Things that are especially important in trailer operation are automatic transaxle fluid (don’t overfill), engine oil, belts, cooling system, and brake wear Each of these is covered in this manual, and the Index will help you find them quickly. If you’re trailering, it’s a good idea to review these sections before you start your trip.

- Check periodically to see that all hitch nuts and bolts are tight.

209

.

PROBLEMS ON THE ROAD

Here you’ll find what to do about some problems that can occur on the road.

210

H4ZARD W M I N G FLASHERS

Your hazard warning flashers let you warn others. They also let police know you have a problem. Your front and rear turn signal lights will flash on and off.

Press the button in to make your front and rear turn signal lights flash on and off.

211

--m

.-

The light on your - instrument panel will flash indicating that the hazard warning flashers are on.

OTHER W m I N G DEWCES If you carry reflective triangles, you can set one up at the side of the road about 300 feet (100 m) behind your vehicle.

212

JUMP STARTING If your battery has run down, you may want to use another vehicle and some jumper cables to start your Cadillac . But please follow the steps below to do it safely.

NOTICE: Ignoring these steps could result in costly damage to your vehicle that wouldn’t be covered by your warranty. nying to start your Cadillac by pushing or pulling it won’t work, and it could damage your vehicle.

TO JUMP START YOUR CADILLAC: 1. Check the other vehicle. It must have a 12-volt battery with a negative

ground system.

NOTICE: If the other system isn’t a 12-volt system with a negative ground, both vehicles can be damaged.

213

2. Get the vehicles close enough so the jumper cables can reach, but be

sure the vehicles aren’t touching each other. If they are, it could cause a ground connection you don’t want. You wouldn’t be able to start your Cadillac, and the bad grounding could damage the electrical systems.

3. Turn off the ignition on both vehicles. Turn off all lights, radio, or any accessories that are in use on both vehicles. This will avoid sparks and help save both batteries. And it could avoid damage to any of the accessories.

NOTICE: If you leave your radio on, it could be badly damaged. The repairs wouldn’t be covered by your warranty.

4. Open the hoods and locate the batteries.

Find the positive (+) and negative (-) terminals on each battery.

214

5. Start by removing the red positive (+) terminal cover.

215

6. Check that the jumper cables don’t have loose or missing insulation. If

they do, you could get a shock. The vehicles could be damaged, too. Before you connect the cables, here are some things you should know. Positive (+) will go to positive (+) and negative (-) will go to negative (-) or a metal engine part. Don’t connect (+) to (-) or you’ll get a short that would damage the battery and maybe other parts, too.

7. Connect the red positive (+) cable to the positive (+) terminal of the

vehicle with the dead battery.

8. Don’t let the other end touch metal. Connect it to the positive (+)

terminal of the good battery.

9. Now connect the black negative (-) cable to the good battery’s

negative (-) terminal.

216

10. Don’t let the other end touch anything until the next step. The other end of the negative cable doesn’t go to the dead battery. It goes to a heavy unpainted metal part on the engine of the vehicle with the dead battery. Attach the cable at least 18 inches (45 cm) away from the dead battery, but not near engine parts that move. The electrical connection is just as good there, but the chance of sparks getting back to the battery is much less.

11. Now start the vehicle with the good battery and run the engine for

awhile.

217

12. Try to start the vehicle with the dead battery.

If it won’t start after a few tries, it probably needs service.

13. Remove the cables in reverse order

to prevent electrical shorting. Take care that they don’t touch each other or any other metal.

218

TOWING YOUR -VEHICLE Try to have a GM dealer or a professional towing service tow your Cadillac. The usual towing equipment is :

A. Sling Type

B. Wheel Lift

C . Car Carrier

If your vehicle has been changed or modified since it was factory-new by adding aftermarket items like fog lamps, aero skirting, or special tires and wheels, these instructions and illustrations may not be correct. Before you do anything, turn on the hazard warning flashers. When you call, tell the towing service: 0 That your vehicle cannot be towed from the front or rear with

sling-type equipment. That your vehicle has front-wheel drive. The make, model, and year of your vehicle. Whether you can still move the shift lever. If there was an accident, what was damaged.

219

When the towing service arrives, let the tow operator know that this manual contains detailed towing instructions and illustrations. The operator may want to see them.

When your vehicle is being towed, have the ignition key off. The steering wheel should be clamped in a straight-ahead position, with a clamping device designed for towing service. Do not use the vehicle’s steering column lock for this. The transaxle should be in Neutral and the parking brake released.

220

Don’t have your vehicle towed on the front wheels, unless you must. If the vehicle must be towed on the front wheels, don’t go more than 35 mph (56 km/h) or farther than 25 miles (40 km) or your transaxle will be damaged. If these limits must be exceeded, then the front wheels have to be supported on a dolly.

Do not attach winch cables or ‘3” hooks to suspension components when using car carrier equipment. Always use T-hooks inserted in the T-hook slots.

221

ENGINE OVERHEATING You will find the warning light about a hot engine on your instrument panel on Canadian and Export vehicles. The Driver Information Center will display either “ENGINE COOLANT HOT IDLE ENGINE’ or “STOP ENGINE ENGINE OVERHEATING”. If Steam Is Coming From Your Engine

222

NOTICE: If your engine catches fire because you keep driving with coolant, your vehicle can be badly damaged. The costly repairs would not be covered by your warranty.

no

IfNo Steam Is Coming From Your Engine If you get the overheat warning but see or hear no steam, the problem may not be too serious. Sometimes the engine can get a little too hot when you:

Climb a long hill on a hot day. Stop after high speed driving. Idle for long periods in traffic. Tow a trailer.

If you get the overheat warning with no sign of steam, try this for a minute or so: 1. Turn off your air conditioner. 2. Turn on your heater to full hot at the highest fan speed and open the

window as necessary.

3. Dial temperature control to the highest heat setting and open the

window, as necessary.

4. Try to keep your engine under load (in a drive gear where the engine

runs slower).

If you no longer have the overheat warning, you can drive. Just to be safe, drive slower for about ten minutes. If the warning doesn’t come back on, you can drive normally. If the warning continues, pull over, stop, and park your vehicle right away. If there’s still no sign of steam, you can idle the engine for two or three minutes while you’re parked, to see if the warning stops. But then, if you

-.

223

still have the warning, TURN OFF THE ENGINE AND GET EVERYONE OUT OF THE VEHICLE until it cools down. You may decide not to lift the hood but to get service help right away. COOLING SYSTEM

When you decide it’s safe to lift the hood, here’s what you’ll see: A. Coolant surge tank with pressure cap B. Electric engine fans

If the coolant inside the coolant surge tank is boiling, don’t do anything else until it cools down.

The coolant level should be visible inside the surge tank. If it isn’t and the “ENGINE COOLANT LOW” message appears on the Driver Information Center, you may have a coolant leak somewhere in the cooling system. Should a low coolant condition exist, an overheat protection “LIMP HOME” feature which alternates firing groups of four cylinders for a predetermined number of cycles to prevent engine damage, enabling your vehicle to be driven to the nearest service center.

I Engine damage from running your engine without coolant isn’t

covered by your warranty.

If there seems to be no leak, check to see if the electric engine fans are running. If the engine is overheating, both fans should be running. If they aren’t, your vehicle needs service. How to Add Coolant to the Coolant Surge Tank If you haven’t found a problem yet, but the coolant level isn’t visible inside the surge tank add a 50/50 mixture of clean water (preferably distilled) and a proper antifreeze at the coolant surge tank, but be sure the cooling system, including the coolant surge tank pressure cap, is cool before you do it. (See “Engine Coolant” in the Index for more information about the proper coolant mix.) If it isn’t, you may have a leak in the radiator fiose, heater hoses, radiator, - water pump or somewhere else in the cooling system.

225

227

In cold weather, water can freeze and crack the engine, radiator, heater core and other parts. Use the recommended coolant.

228

(Don't press down while turning the pressure cap.) If you hear a hiss, wait for that to stop. A hiss means there is still some pressure left.

2. Then keep turning

the pressure cap, but now push down as you turn it. Remove the pressure cap.

I ' 1

229

3. Fill the coolant

surge tank with the proper mix, up to the base of the filler neck.

4. With the coolant

surge tank pressure cap off, start the engine and let it run until you can feel the upper radiator hose getting hot. Watch out for the engine fans.

By this time, the coolant level inside the coolant surge tank may be lower. If the level is lower, add more of the proper mix to the coolant surge tank until the level reaches the base of the filler neck.

230

5. Then replace the pressure cap. Be sure the arrows on the pressure cap line up like this.

Start the engine and allow it to warm up. If the “ENGINE COOLANT LOW” message does not appear on the Driver Information Center, coolant is at the proper fill level. If an “ENGINE COOLANT LOW” message does appear, repeat steps 1 to 3 or see your dealer. IF A TIRE GOES FLAT if you It’s unusual for a tire to “blow out” while you’re driving, especially maintain your tires properly. If air goes out of a tire, it’s much more likely to leak out slowly. But if you should ever have a “blowout,” here are a few tips about what to expect and what to do: If a front tire fails, the flat tire will create a drag that pulls the vehicle toward that side. Take your foot off the accelerator pedal and grip the steering wheel firmly. Steer to maintain lane position, then gently brake to a stop well out of the traffic lane. A rear blowout, particularly on a curve, acts much like a skid and may require the same correction you’d use in a skid. In any rear blowout, remove your foot from the accelerator pedal. Get the vehicle under control by steering the way you want the vehicle to go. It may be very bumpy and noisy, but you can still steer. Gently brake to a stop, well off the road if possible. If a tire goes flat, the next section shows how to use your jacking equipment to change a flat tire safely.

C . G I N G A FLAT TIRE If a tire goes flat, avoid further tire and wheel damage by driving slowly to a level place. Turn on your hazard warning flashers.

232

The following steps will tell you how

to use the jack and change a tire. The equipment you’ll need is in the trunk under the spare tire cover. Rotate the plastic wing nut and remove the cover.

Then remove the wing nut that secures the jack and wheel wrench

233

Attach the wheel wrench to the jack bolt and rotate it clockwise (to the right). That will raise the lift head a little.

There is a center wheel cover on your aluminum wheel. Use the flat end of the wheel wrench, prying along the edg.e of the cover until it comes off. Be careful not to scratch the a l u m wheel edge. Don't try to remove it with your' hands.

234

Using the wheel wrench, loosen all the wheel nuts. Don’t remove them yet.

Position the jack under the vehicle. Your vehicle has a notch on the frame near each of the wheels (A Front and B Rear). Fit the lift head into the notch nearest the wheel with the flat tire.

235

Raise the vehicle by rotating the wheel wrench clockwise. Raise the vehicle far enough off the ground so there is enough room for the spare tire to fit.

Remove all the wheel nuts and take off the flat tire.

--

236

Remove any rust or dirt from the wheel bolts, mounting surfaces and spare wheel. Place the spare on the wheel mounting surface.

237

Replace the wheel nuts with the rounded end of the nuts toward the wheel. Tighten each nut by hand until the wheel is held against the hub.

Lower the vehicle by rotating the wheel wrench counterclockwise.

238

Tighten the wheel nuts firmly in a criss-cross sequence as shown.

__

Don’t try to put a wheel cover on your compact spare tire. It won’t fit. Store the wheel cover in the trunk until you have the flat tire repaired or replaced.

NOTICE: Wheel covers won’t fit on your compact spare. If you try to put a wheel cover on your compact spare, you could damage the cover or the spare.

239

7

COMPACT SPARE TIRE Although the compact spare was fully inflated when your vehicle was new, it can lose air after a time. Check the inflation pressure regularly. It should be 60 psi (420 Wa). After installing the compact spare on your vehicle, you should stop as soon as possible and make sure your spare tire is correctly inflated. The compact spare is made to perform well at posted speed limits for distances up to 3,000 miles (5 000 km). The compact spare is made to go up to 3,000 miles (5 000 km), so you can finish your trip and have your full-size tire repaired or replaced where you want. Of course, it’s best to replace your spare with a full-size tire as soon as you can. Your spare will last longer and be in good shape in case you need it again. Your anti-lock brake system warning light may come on when you are driving with a compact spare. See “Anti-Lock Brake System Warning Light” in the Index.

NOTICE: Don’t take your compact spare through an automatic car wash with guide rails. The compact spare can get caught on the rails. of That can damage the tire and wheel, and maybe other parts your vehicle.

Don’t use your compact spare on some other vehicle. And don’t mix your compact spare or wheel with other wheels or tires. They won’t fit. Keep your spare and its wheel together.

240

NOTICE: Tire chains won’t fit your compact spare. Using them will damage your vehicle and destroy the chains too. Don’t use tire chains on your compact spare.

SPARE TIRE

IF YOU’RE STUCK: INSAND, MUD, ICE OR SNOW What you don’t want to do when your vehicle is stuck is to spin your wheels. The method known as “rocking” can help you get out when you’re stuck, but you must use caution.

241

NOTICE: Spinning your wheels can destroy parts of your vehicle as the tires. If you spin the wheels too fast while shifting your transaxle back and forth, you can destroy your transaxle.

as well

Rocking your vehicle to get it out: First, turn your steering wheel left and right. That will clear the area around your front wheels. Then shift back and forth between “R” (Reverse) and a forward gear, spinning the wheels as little as possible. Release the accelerator pedal while you shift, and press lightly on the accelerator pedal when the transaxle is in gear. If that doesn’t get you out after a few tries, you may need to be towed out. If you do need to be towed out, see “Towing Your Vehicle” in the Index.

242

SERVICE AND APPEARANCE CARE Here you will find information about the care of your Cadillac. This section begins with service and fuel information, and then it shows how to check important fluid and lubricant levels. There is also technical information about your vehicle, and a section devoted to its appearance care. SERWCE Your Cadillac dealer knows your vehicle best and wants you to be happy with it. We hope you’ll go to your dealer for all your service needs. You’ll get genuine GM parts and GM-trained and supported service people. We hope you’ll want to keep your GM vehicle all GM. Genuine GM parts

have one of these marks: n

Delco

Doing Your Own Service Work If you want to do some of your own service work, you’ll want to get the proper Cadillac Service Manual. It tells you much more about how to service your Cadillac than this manual can. To order the proper service manual, see “Service You should keep a record with all parts receipts and list the mileage and the date of any service work you perform. See “Maintenance Record” in the Index. Your vehicle has an air bag system. Before attempting to do your own service work, see “Servicing Your Air Bag Equipped Cadillac” in the Index.

Publications”

the Index.

in

243

NOTICE: If you try to do your own service work without knowing enough about it, your vehicle could be damaged.

FUEL Use premium unleaded gasoline rated at 91 octane or higher. It should meet specifications ASTM D4814 in the U.S. and CGSB 3.5-92 in Canada. These fuels should have the proper additives, so you should not have to add anything to the fuel. In the U.S. and Canada, it’s easy to be sure you get the right kind of gasoline (unleaded). You’ll see “UNLEADED” right on the pump. And only unleaded nozzles will fit into your vehicle’s filler neck. Be sure the posted octane is at least 91. If the octane is less than 91, you may get a heavy knocking noise when you drive. (In an emergency, you may be able to use lower octane -- as low as 87 -- if heavy knocking does not occur.) If you’re using 91 or higher octane unleaded gas and you still get heavy knocking, your engine needs service.

244

What about gasoline with blending materials that contain oxygen (oxygenates), such as MTBE or alcohol? MTBE is “methyl tertiary-butyl ether.” Fuel that is no more than 15% MTBE is fine for your vehicle. Ethanol is ethyl or grain alcohol. Properly-blended fuel that is no more than 10% ethanol is fine for your vehicle. Methanol is methyl or wood alcohol.

NOTICE: Fuel that is more than 5% methanol is bad for your vehicle. Don’t use it. It can corrode metal parts in your fuel system and also damage plastic and rubber parts. That damage wouldn’t be covered under your warranty. And even at 5% or less, there must be “cosolvents” and corrosion preventers in this fuel to help avoid these problems.

Gusolines for Cleaner Air Your use of gasoline with deposit control additives will help prevent deposits from forming in your engine and fuel system. That helps keep your engine in tune and your emission control system working properly. It’s good for your vehicle, and you’ll be doing your part for cleaner air. Many gasolines are now blended with oxygenates. General Motors recommends that you use gasolines with these blending materials, such as MTBE and ethanol. By doing so, you can help clean the air, especially in those parts of the country that have high carbon monoxide levels. In addition, some gasoline suppliers are now producing reformulated gasolines. These gasolines are specially designed to reduce vehicle emissions. General Motors recommends that you use reformulated gasoline. By doing so, you can help clean the air, especially in those parts of the country that have high ozone levels. You should ask your service station operators if their gasolines contain deposit control additives and oxygenates, and if they have been reformulated to reduce vehicle emissions.

245

FUELS IN FOREIGN COUNTHES If you plan on driving in another country outside the U.S. or Canada, unleaded fuel may be hard to find. Do not use leaded gasoline. If you use even one tankful, your emission controls won’t work well or at all. With continuous use, spark plugs can get fouled, the exhaust system can corrode, and your engine oil can deteriorate quickly. Your vehicle’s oxygen sensor will be damaged. All of that means costly repairs that wouldn’t be covered by your warranty. To check on fuel availability, ask an auto club, or contact a major oil company that does business in the country where you’ll be driving. You can also write us at the following address for advice. Just tell us where you’re going and give your Vehicle

Identification Number (VIN).

General Motors Overseas Distribution Corporation, North American Export Sales (NAES) 1908 Colonel Sam Drive Oshawa, Ontario L1H 8P7 FUEL ECOlVOhfY Your fuel economy (miles per gallon or liters per 100 kilometers) can vary depending on how your Cadillac is driven. Several vehicles like yours have been driven through a standard test and their actual fuel economy was recorded. These readings were adjusted and printed on the fuel economy window sticker which was attached to your new Cadillac when it was delivered and in the Gas Mileage Guide which is available from your dealership. The fuel economy estimates are based on results of tests required by the U. S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). These tests are used to certify that vehicles meet the Federal emissions and fuel economy standards. Cadillac tests prototypes of new vehicles and submits the results to the EPA. The EPA then confirms the accuracy of the figures provided by Cadillac. The vehicles are driven by a professional driver under controlled - laboratory conditions, on an instrument similar to a treadmill. These procedures ensure that each vehicle is tested under identical conditions. There are two different fuel economy estimates for each vehicle, one for city driving and one for highway driving. To develop these two estimates, separate tests are used to represent typical everyday city and rural driving.

LI .

246

The test used to determine me city fuel economy estimate simulates a 7.5 mile (12 km), stop and go trip with an average speed of 20 mph (32 km/h). The trip takes 23 minutes and has 18 stops. About one fifth of the time is spent idling, as in waiting at traffic lights or in rush hour traffic. Two kinds of engine starts are used: a cold start, which is similar to starting a car in the morning after it has been parked all night and a hot start, which is similar to restarting a vehicle after it has been warmed up, driven and stopped for a short time. The test used to determine the highway fuel economy estimate represents a mixture of “non-city” driving. Segments corresponding to different kinds of rural roads and interstate highways are included. The test simulates a 10 mile (17 km) trip with an average speed of 48 mph (77 km/h). The test is run from a hot start and has little idling time and no stops. To assure that the fuel economy numbers are most useful for consumers, the EPA adjusts these laboratory test results to account for the difference between controlled laboratory conditions and actual driving on the road. The laboratory fuel economy results are adjusted downward to arrive at the estimates on the fuel economy window sticker and the Gas Mileage Guide. The city estimate is lowered by 10 percent and the highway estimate is lowered by 22 percent from the laboratory test results. Experience has proven that these adjustments make the mileage estimates correspond more closely to the actual fuel economy realized by the average driver. Even though these figures are adjusted, they still represent what the average driver will get. Your fuel economy may be significantly higher or lower, depending on how, when, and where your vehicle is driven. Here are some things you can do to increase fuel economy;

Combine errands into one trip. Turn the engine off rather than letting it idle for more than a minute. Have your Cadillac serviced as described in the maintenance booklet. Keep tires inflated to recommended pressures.

0 Anticipate traffic stops.

247

Here are some things that will lower fuel economy:

Quick acceleration.

0 Traveling at higher speeds. Traveling at 65 mph instead of 55 mph

lowers fuel economy by 15 percent.

0 Carrying unnecessary weight in the vehicle. 0 Rewing the engine. This is not necessary for your vehicle.

Operating your vehicle with the suspension out of alignment or with the wheels and tires out of balance. Use of electrical accessories which require high amperage when they are not needed.

Even things beyond your control such as weather conditions affect your fuel economy. Driving up steep hills, in rain or snow, and into a strong wind will lower fuel economy. In the lower left corner of the fuel economy window sticker from your vehicle is the range of city and highway fuel economy you can expect to get from your Cadillac. If you are doing everything to raise your fuel economy, but are still not within this range, your vehicle may need service. Collect as much information about your fuel economy as you can find, (miles driven, gallon's of fuel used, etc.) and provide it your dealership for their review and assistance. FILLING YOUR TANK

248

The cap is behind a hinged door on the left side of your vehicle.

The release button is in the glove box.

Or you can use the manual door release override in the trunk.

249

While refueling, hang the cap inside the fuel door.

To take off the cap, turn it slowly to the left (counterclockwise).

When you put the cap back on, turn it to the right until you hear a clicking noise.

NOTICE: If you need a new cap, be sure to get the right type. Your dealer can get one for you. If you get the wrong type, it may not fit and your fuel tank and emissions system might be damaged.

250

CHECKING THINGS UNDER THE HOOD Hood Release

To open the hood, first pull the lever inside the vehicle located at the lower left side of the instrument panel.

Then go the front of the vehicle and release the secondary hood release and lift the hood.

25 1

Fluid Usage Label

Use the fluid usage label to identify the correct fluid you want to check. The color indicated, identifies either by lettering or handle color, of what you want to check.

7 -

252

ENGINE OIL A “CHECK OIL LEVEL? message will appear when the engine oil is approximately a quart low. If the message is displayed, check the dipstick level and add oil as needed. It’s a good idea to check your engine oil every time you get fuel. In order to get an accurate reading, the oil must be warm and the vehicle must be on level ground.

J-

i_

Turn off the engine and give the oil a few minutes to drain back into the oil pan. If you don’t, the oil dipstick might not show the actual level.

253

To Check Engine Oil Pull out the dipstick and clean it with a paper towel or cloth, then push it back. in all the way. Remove it again, keeping the tip lower, and check the level.

when to Add Oil If the oil is at or below the ADD line, ADD mark, then you’ll need to add some oil. But you must use the right kind. This section explains what kind of oil to use. For crankcase capacity, see “Capacities and Specifications” in the Index.

254

I NOTICE:

Don't add too much oil. If your engine has so much oil that the oil level gets above the.upper mark that shows the proper operating range, your engine could be damaged.

To remove, turn the oil fill cap counterclockwise. Just fill it enough to put the level somewhere in the proper operating . range. Push the dipstick all the way back in when you're through.

255

What End of Oil to Use Beginning midyear 1993, oils of the proper quality for your vehicle will be identified with this new “starburst” symbol. The “starburst” symbol indicates that the oil has been certified by the American Petroleum Institute (MI), and is suitable for use in your gasoline engine.

You should look for this on the front of the oil container, and use gnly oils that display this new symbol.

256

You should also use the proper viscosity oil for your vehicle, as shown in the following chart:

RECOMMENDED SAE VISCOSITY GRADE ENGINE OILS

FOR BEST FUEL ECONOMY AND COLD STARTING, SELECT THE LOWEST SAE VISCOSITY GRADE OIL FOR THE EXPECTED TEMPERATURE RANGE.

HOT

F LOOK FOR

ONE OF THESE

LABELS

WEATHER I r l "F

- +38 - +27 - +16 - + 4

+IO0 .

+ E O .

+60 -

+ 4 0 .

+ 2 0 .

- - 7

- -18

0 -

SAE 1OW-30 PREFERRED

SAE 5W-30

COLD

WEATHER

IF NEITHER SAE 5W-30 NOR SAE 1OW-30 GRADE OILS ARE AVAILABLE, SAE 30 GRADE MAY BE USED AT TEMPERATURES ABOVE 40 DEGREES F (4 OEGREES C). DO NOT USE SAE 1OW-40, SAE 2OW-50 OR ANY OTHER GRADE OIL NOT

RECOMMENDED

As shown in the chart, S A E 1OW-30 is best for your vehicle. However, you can use S A E 5W-30 if it's going to be colder than 60°F (16OC) before your next oil change. When it's very cold, you should use S A E 5W-30. These numbers on an oil container show its viscosity, or thickness. Do not use other viscosity oils, such as S A E 1OW-40 or S A E 20W-50.

257

If you cannot find oils with the new “starburst” symbol on the front of the container, you should look for and use oils containing the following three things: e SHorSG

“SH”or “SG” must be on the oil container, either by itself or combined with other quality designations, such as “SH/CD,” “SH,SG,CD,” etc. These letters show American Petroleum Institute (MI) levels of quality. S A E 1OW-30

e Enerm Conserving I1

Oils with these words on the container will help you save fuel. These three things are usually included in a doughnut shaped logo (symbol) on most containers. If you cannot find oils with the “starburst” symbol, you should look for oils with the doughnut shaped symbol, containing the three things noted above.

NOTICE: If you use oils that do not have either the “starburst” an API SH or SG designation, you can cause engine damage not covered by your warranty.

symbol or

GM Goodwrench@ oil (in Canada, GM Engine Oil) meets all the requirements for your vehicle.

258

Engine Oil Additives Don’t add anything to your oil. Your Cadillac dealer is ready to advise if you think something should be added. When to Change Engine Oil Your Cadillac has an “Oil Life Indicator.” This feature will let you know when to change your oil -- usually between 3,000 miles (5 000 km) and 7,500 miles (12 500 km) since your last oil change. Under severe conditions, the indicator may come on before 3,000 miles (5 000 km). Never drive your vehicle more than 7,500 miles (12 000 km) or 12 months without an oil change. The system won’t detect dust in the oil. So, if you drive in a dusty area, be sure to change your oil every 3,000 miles (5 000 km) or sooner if the “Change Oil Soon” light comes on. Remember to reset the Oil Life Indicator when the oil has been changed. For more information, see “Oil Life Indicator” in the Index. How to Reset the Oil Life Indicator After the oil has been changed, display the “OIL LIFE LEFT” message by pressing the INFORMATION button. Then press and hold the RESET button until the display shows “100”. This resets the oil life index. The message will remain off until the next oil change is needed. The percentage of oil life remaining may be checked at, any time by pressing the INFORMATION button several times until the “OIL LIFE LEFT” message appears. For more information on the Oil Life Index feature, see “Oil Life Index” in the Index. Engine Coolant Heater (Engine Block Heater) An engine coolant heater can be a big help if you have to park outside in very cold weather, 0” F (-18OC) or colder. If your vehicle has this option, see “Engine Coolant Heater” in the Index.

259

What to Do with Used Oil Did you know that used engine oil contains certain elements that may be unhealthy for your skin and could even cause cancer? Don’t let used oil stay on your skin for very long. Clean your skin and nails with soap and water, or a good hand cleaner. Wash or properly throw away clothing or rags containing used engine oil. (See the manufacturer’s warnings about the use and disposal of oil products.) Used oil can be a real threat to the environment. If you change your own oil, be sure to drain all free-flowing oil from the filter before disposal. Don’t ever dispose of oil by putting it in the trash, pouring it on the ground, into sewers, or into streams or bodies of water. Instead, recycle it by taking it to a place that collects used oil. If you have a problem properly disposing of your used oil, ask your dealer, a service station or a local recycling center for help. AIR CLEANER

Refer to the Maintenance Schedule to determine when to replace the air filter. See “Scheduled Maintenance Services” in the Index. See “Air Cleaner Filter Replacement” in the Index.

NOTICE: If the air cleaner is off, a backfire can cause a damaging engine fire. And, dirt can easily get into your engine, which will damage it. Always have the air cleaner in place when you’re driving.

AUTOMMTIC TRASAXLE FLUID M e n to Check and Change A good time to check your automatic transaxle fluid level is when the engine oil is changed. Refer to the Maintenance Schedule to determine when to change your fluid. See “Scheduled Maintenance Services” in the Index. How to Check Because this operation can De a little difficult, you may choose to have this done at a Cadillac dealership Service Department. If you do it yourself, be sure to follow all the instructions here, or you could get a false reading on the dipstick.

261

NOTICE: Too much or too little fluid can damage your transaxle. Too much can mean that some of the fluid could come out and fall on hot engine parts or exhaust system, starting a fire. Be sure to get an accurate reading if you check your transaxle fluid.

Wait at least 30 minutes before checking the transaxle fluid level if you have been driving:

When outside temperatures are above 90 F (32 C). At high speed for quite a while.

a In heavy traffic -- especially in hot weather.

While pulling a trailer.

To get the right reading, the fluid should be at normal operating temperature, which is 180 F to 200 F (82 C to 93 C). Get the vehicle warmed up by driving about 15 miles (24 km) when outside temperatures are above 50 F (10 C). If it’s colder than 50 F (10 C), you may have to drive longer. To check the fluid level

Park your vehicle on a level place. With the parking brake applied, place the shift lever in “P” (Park). With your foot on the brake pedal, move the shift lever through each gear range, pausing for about three seconds in each range. Then, position the shift lever in “P” (Park). Let the engine run at idle for three to five minutes.

262

Then, without shutting off the engine, follow these steps;

Turn cap counterclockwise to unlock cap.

1. Pull out the dipstick and wipe it with a clean rag or paper towel. 2. Push it back in all the way, wait three seconds and then pull it back out

again.

3. Check both sides of the dipstick, and-read the lower level. The fluid

level must be in the cross-hatched area.

4. If the fluid level is in the acceptable range, push the dipstick back in

all the way.

263

How to Add Fluid Refer to the Maintenance Schedule to determine what kind of transaxle fluid to use. See “Recommended Fluids and Lubricants” in the Index. If the fluid level is low, add only enough of the proper fluid to bring the level into the cross-hatched area on the dipstick. 1. Pull out the dipstick. 2. Using a long-neck funnel, add enough fluid at the dipstick hole to

bring it to the proper 1evel.It doesn’t take much fluid, generally less than a pint (OSL). Don’t overfill. We recommend you use only fluid labeled DEXR0N’-IIE or DEXRON@-111, because fluids with that label are made especially for your automatic transaxle. Damage caused by fluid other than DEXR0N’-IIE or DEXRON@-I11 is not covered by your new vehicle warranty. After adding fluid, recheck the fluid level as described under “How to Check.” When the correct fluid level is obtained, push the dipstick back in all the way.

How To Reset Transaxle Fluid Change Indicator: Your vehicle is equipped with a transaxle fluid change indicator. A “CHANGE TRANS FLUID” message will display on the Information Center when the power train computer determines that the transaxle fluid needs to be changed or at each 100,000 miles (160,000 km) interval, whichever occurs first. When this message appears, change the transaxle fluid and reset the transaxle fluid life indicator as follows:

Turn the key “ON” with the engine stopped.

0 Press and hold the “OFF” and “REAR DEFOG” buttons on the

climate control simultaneously until the “TRANS FLUID RESET” message appears in the Information Center (between 5 and 20 seconds).

ENGINE COOLANT The following explains your cooling system and how to add coolant when it is low. If you have a problem with engine overheating, see “Engine Overheating” in the Index. The proper coolant for your Cadillac will:

Give freezing protection down to -34OF (-37 C).

0 Give boiling protection up to 262OF (128OC). 0 Protect against rust and corrosion.

Help keep the proper engine temperature. Let the warning lights work as they should.

What to Use Use a mixture of one-half clean water (preferably distilled) and one-half antifreeze that meets “GM Specification 1825-M,” which won’t damage aluminum parts. You can also use a recycled coolant conforming to GM Specification 1825-M with a complete coolant flush and refill. Use GM Engine Coolant Supplement (sealer) with any complete coolant change. If you use this mixture, you don’t need to add anything else.

265

If you use an improper coolant mix, your engine could overheat and be badly damaged. The repair cost wouldn’t be covered your warranty. Too much water in the mix can freeze and crack the engine, radiator, heater core and other parts.

by

l -

Adding Coolant

Your cooling system when hot is under a lot of pressure. If the “ENGINE COOLANT LOW” message should appear on the Driver Information Center, you will need to add coolant. If the “ENGINE COOLANT LOW” message does not appear, the coolant is at the proper fill level.

266

To Add Coolant If you need more coolant, add the proper mix at the coolant surge tank.

To Check or Add Coolant When the engine is cold, remove the pressure cap from the surge tank; use a flashlight as necessary to see into the tank. The coolant level should be visible inside the tank. If you need more coolant, add the proper mix.

267

SURGE TANK PRESSURE CAP

1 NOTICE:

Your surge tank cap is a 15 psi (105 kPa) pressure-type cap and must be tightly installed to prevent coolant engine damage from overheating. Be sure the arrows on the cap line up with the overflow tube on the radiator filler neck.

loss and possible

When you replace your surge tank pressure cap, an AC@ cap is recommended. THERMOSTAT Engine coolant temperature is controlled by a thermostat in the engine coolant system. The thermostat stops the flow of coolant through the radiator until the coolant reaches a preset temperature. When you replace your thermostat, an AC@ thermostat is recommended. POWER STEERING FLUID

268

How To Check Power Steering Fluid Unscrew the cap and wipe the dipstick with a clean rag. Replace the cap and completely tighten it. Then remove the cap again and look at the fluid level on the dipstick.

When the engine compartment is hot, the level should be at the “HOT” mark.

When the engine compartment is cool, the level should be at the “FULL COLD” mark,

What to Add Refer to the Maintenance Schedule to determine what kind of fluid to use. See “Recommended Fluids and Lubricants” in the Index.

NOTICE: When adding power steering fluid or making a complete fluid change, always use the .proper fluid. Failure to use the proper fluid can cause leaks and damage hoses and seals.

269

FUNDSHIELD WASHER FLUID To Add

Open the cap labeled “WASHER FLUID ONLY .” Add washer fluid until the bottle is full.

NOTICE:

When using concentrated washer fluid, follow the manufacturer’s instructions for adding water. Don’t mix water with ready-to-use washer fluid. Water can cause the solution to freeze and damage your washer fluid tank and other parts of the washer system. Also, water doesn’t clean as well as washer fluid. Fill your washer fluid tank only 3/4 full when. it’s very cold. This allows for expansion, which could damage the tank if it is completely full.

0 Don’t use radiator antifreeze in your windshield washer. It

can damage your washer system and paint.

I - I -

270

HEmLIGHT WASHER FLUID (EXPORT ONLY) To Add:

Open the cap labeled “WASHER FLUID ONLY.” Add windshield washer fluid until the bottle is full.

NOTICE:

When using concentrated washer fluid,. follow the manufacturer instructions for adding water. Don’t mix water with ready to use washer fluid. Water can cause the solution to freeze and damage your washer fluid tank and other parts of the washer system. Also, water doesn’t clean as well as washer fluid. Fill your washer fluid tank only 3/4 full when it’s very cold. This allows for expansion, which could damage the tank if it is completely full. Don’t use radiator antifreeze in your windshield washer. It can damage your paint.

BRAKES Brake Master Cylinder Your brake master cylinder is here. It is filled with DOT-3 brake fluid.

There are only two reasons why the brake fluid level in your master cylinder might go down. The first is that the brake fluid goes down to an acceptable level during normal brake lining wear. When new linings are put in, the fluid level goes back up. The other reason is that fluid is leaking out of the brake system. If it is, you should have your brake system fixed, since a leak means that sooner or later your brakes won’t work well, or won’t work at all. So, it isn’t a good idea to “top off’ your brake fluid. Adding brake fluid won’t correct a leak. If you add fluid when your linings are worn, then you’ll have too much fluid when you get new brake linings. You should add (or remove) brake fluid, as necessary, only when work is done on the brake hydraulic system.

272

When your brake fluid falls to a low level, the “CHECK BRAKE FLUID” message will display on the Driver Information Center and your brake warning light will come on. See “Brake System Warning Light” in the Index. To Check Brake Fluid

Remove the cap. i MAX FILL

/’

The fluid level must be to the “MAX FILE‘ line at the base of the neck as shown.

After work is done on the brake hydraulic system, make sure the level is above “MIN” and or slightly below or at the “MAX” indicator. When your brake fluid falls to a low level, your brake warning light will come on. See “Brake System Warning Light” in the Index. ?Khat to Add When you do need brake fluid, use only DOT-3 brake fluid -- such as Delco Supreme ll@ (GM Part No.1052535). Use new brake fluid from a sealed container only, and always clean the brake fluid reservoir cap before removing it.

I r i-

273

NOTICE:

DOT4 silicone brake fluid can damage your vehicle. Don’t use it. Don’t let someone put in the wrong kind of fluid. For example, just a few drops of mineral-based oil, such as engine oil, in your brake system can damage brake system parts so badly that they’ll have to be replaced. Brake fluid can damage paint, so be careful not to spill brake fluid on your vehicle. If you do, wash it off immediately. See “Appearance Care” in the Index.

Brake Wear Your Cadillac has four-wheel disc brakes. Disc brake pads have built-in wear indicators that make a high-pitched warning sound when the brake pads are worn and new pads are needed. The sound may come and go or be heard all the time your vehicle is moving (except when you are pushing on the brake pedal firmly).

NOTICE: Continuing to drive with worn-out brake pads could result in costly brake repair.

274

Some driving conditions or climates may cause a brake squeal when the brakes are first applied or lightly applied. This does not mean something is wrong with your brakes. Brake linings should always be replaced as complete axle sets. Brake Pedal Travel See your dealer if the brake pedal does not return to normal height, or if there is a rapid increase in pedal travel. This could be a sign of brake trouble. Brake Adjustment Every time you make a moderate brake stop, your disc brakes adjust for wear. If you rarely make a moderate or heavier stop, then your brakes might not adjust correctly. If you drive in that way, then -- very carefully -- make a few moderate brake stops about every 1000 miles (1600 km), so your brakes will adjust properly. Replacing Brake System Parts The braking system on a modern vehicle is complex. Its many parts have to be of top quality and work well together if the vehicle is to have really good braking. Vehicles we design and test have top-quality GM brake parts in them, as your Cadillac does when it is new. When you replace parts of your braking system -- for example, when your brake linings wear down and you have to have new ones put in -- be sure you get new genuine GM replacement parts. If you don’t, your brakes may no longer work properly. For example, if someone puts in brake linings that are wrong for your vehicle, the balance between your front and rear brakes can change, for the worse. The braking performance you’ve come to expect can change in many other ways if someone puts in the wrong replacement brake parts. BATTERY Every new Cadillac has a Delco Freedom@ battery. You never have to add water to one of these. When it’s time for a new battery, we recommend a Delco Freedom@ battery. Get one that has the catalog number shown on the original battery’s label.

275

Vehicle Storage If you’re not going to drive your vehicle for 25 days or more, take off the black, negative (-) cable from the battery. This will help keep your battery from running down.

Contact your dealer to learn how to prepare your vehicle for longer storage periods. Battery Power Loss If you lose battery power or the battery is disconnected, your car’s computer must be programmed. It takes just over 20 minutes to do it. If you want to do it yourself, here’s how:

Apply the parking brake. Make sure the front wheels are straight. Turn off the Electronic Climate Control. Start the engine in “P” (Park) and let it idle for 15 minutes. Then: Put your foot on the brake pedal, shift the transaxle to @ and let it idle for 3 minutes or more. Do not accelerate the engine. Then: With the car in @ (Drive), turn the Electronic Climate Control to “Auto” and let the engine idle for 3 minutes or more. Turn your engine off.

Now your computer is programmed.

276

I€4L,OGEN BULBS

EXTENOR M P

HOUSINGS

NOTICE: Your Cadillac’s lamp housings are designed with small vents so moisture will be removed when the lights are on, or after driving for a short time. If an excessive amount of moisture is present which does not clear, see your Cadillac dealership for service.

HEmLIGHT BULB REMOVL The following procedure tells you how to remove the halogen headlight bulb. Follow either the EXPORT or DOMESTIC illustration that best describes your vehicle.

277

Lift the cover up to gain access.

DOMESTIC - Turn the headlight housing socket counterclockwise to unlock socket from lamphousing. EXPORT - Remove the rubber plug cover and remove plug.

278

DOMESTIC - Remove headlight housing socket. EXPORT - Remove both retaining lock clips securing bulb assembly in headlamp housing.

i t

DOMESTIC - Remove the wiring harness from the headlight housing socket EXPORT - Remove the headlight bulb and socket from the headlamp assembly.

279

harness. Reinstall the headlight housing socket into the headlamp assembly.

DOMESTIC - Replace the bulb and socket and connect the wiring EXPORT - Install new headlight bulb and socket into headlamp I Do not touch glass portion of the new halogen bulb! The oil

from your fingers will shorten the life of your new halogen bulb.

NOTICE:

assembly.

280

-.

r TMLLIGHT BULB REPUCEMENT

1. Open the trunk to gain access to the taillight housing.

2. Remove the plastic trim retainer screws and pull back the trim 9aatr;rial.

3. Remove the wing nuts.

four

4. Gently remove the taillight housing.

r_

281

5. Press the bulb housing lever, rotate the housing counterclockwise and remove it. Push and rotate the bulb counterclockwise to remove bulb.

Once you have replaced the burned out bulb, just reverse the steps to reassemble the taillight. VTPER BLADE REPLACEMENT Position the windshield wipers on the windshield in the “mid” wipe position. To do this, turn the ignition key to Accessory and turn the wipers on. Then with the door open, turn the ignition key to off. Start with the driver side wiper blade assembly.

Using a small screwdriver or your finger, gently lift the release lever up while at the same time pulling the blade assembly from the wiper arm.

282

Do the same-with the passenger side wiper blade assembly.

To install the wiper blade, align the wiper arm pin with the hole on the wiper blade assembly and snap it into place. The arrow on the wiper blade is to point toward the wiper arm.

If you only want to replace the wiper inserts follow these steps:

1. Disconnect the wiper insert by bending the end of the insert gently

using plyers. Then pull it from the blade housing retaining tab.

2. Now pull the insert from the blade housing.

283

3. Reinstall the new insert by aligning the blade housing ram and the to all the

edge of the insert. Make sure that the insert is connected housing tabs.

4. Install the wiper blade assembly to the wiper arm.

AIR CLEANER FILTER REPLACEMENT

284

Loosen clamp at the throttle body and disconnect air duct from the throttle

body.

LC

; :.?. .. ..: .. . ,

285

Push the two tabs and pivot the top half to separate the air cleaner.

c. m

L S

Once you have replaced the air cleaner filter, reverse the steps to reassemble and install back into your vehicle.

286

LOADING YOUR VEHICLE

TIRE-LOADING INFORMATION

OCCUPANTS

VEHICLE CAP. WT. LBS. KG

RR. TOTAL

FRT. CTR.

MAX. LOADING & GVWR SAME AS VEHICLE CAPACITY WEIGHT

COLD TIRE

XXX

SIZE TIRE SPEED PRESSURE

RTG

PSI/KPa

F RT. R R. SPA. IF TIRES ARE HOT. ADD 4PSV28KPa SEE OWNER'S MANUAL FOR ADDITIONAL GEN GM.E

\'NFoRMAT1oN

Two labels on your vehicle show how much weight it may properly carry. The Tire-Loading Information label found on the driver's door tells you the proper size, speed rating and recommended inflation pressures for the tires on your vehicle. It also gives you important information about the number of people that can be in your vehicle and the total weight that you can carry. This weight is called the Vehicle Capacity Weight and includes the weight of all occupants, cargo, and all nonfactory-installed options.

287

MFD BY GENERAL MOTORS CORP DATE GVWR GAWR

FRT GAWR RR

THIS VEHICLE CONFORMS TO ALL APPLI- CABLE U.S. FEDERAL MOTOR VEHICLE SAFETY, BUMPER, AND THEFT PREVEN- TION STANDARDS IN EFFECT ON THE DATE OF MANUFACTURE SHOWN ABOVE.

GEN GME)

The other label is the Certification label, found on the rear edge of the driver’s door. It tells you the gross weight capacity of your vehicle, called the GVWR (Gross Vehicle Weight Rating). The GVWR includes the weight of the vehicle, all occupants, fuel and cargo. Never exceed the GVWR for your vehicle, or the Gross Axle Weight Rating (GAWR) for either the front or rear axle. And, if you do have a heavy load, you should spread it out. Don’t carry more than 176 lbs. (80 kg) in your trunk.

288

NOTICE: Your warranty does not cover parts or components that fail

I because of overloading. If you put things inside your vehicle -- like suitcases, tools, packages, or anything else -- they will go as fast as the vehicle goes. If you have to stop or turn quickly, or if there is a crash, they’ll keep going.

TIRES We don’t make tires. Your new vehicle comes with high quality by a leading tire manufacturer. These tires are warranted by the tire manufacturers and their warranties are delivered with every new Cadillac. If your spare tire is a different brand than your road tires, you will have a tire warranty folder from each of these manufacturers.

tires made

289

Infition - Tire Pressure

The Tire-Loading Information label which is shows the correct inflation pressures for your tires, when they’re cold. “Cold” means your vehicle has been sitting for at least three hours or driven no more than a mile. SLS (270 hp) If you’ll be driving at speeds higher than 100 mph (160 km/h) where it is legal, raise the “cold” inflation pressure of each tire to 35 psi (240 kPa). When you end this very high speed driving, reduce the “cold” inflation pressures to those listed on the Tire-Loading Information label.

L Y

290

r

i- I

! -

NOTICE: Don’t let anyone tell you that underidlation or overinflation is all right. It’s not. If your tires don’t have enough air (underinflation) you can get:

Too much flexing Too much heat Tire overloading Bad wear Bad handling Bad fuel economy.

If your tires have too much air (overinflation), you can get:

Unusual wear Bad handling Rough ride Needless damage from road hazards.

How to Check Use a good quality pocket-type gage to check tire pressure. Simply looking at the tires will not tell you the pressure, especially if you have radial tires -- which may look properly inflated even if they’re underinflated. If your tires have valve caps, be sure to put them back on. They help prevent leaks by keeping out dirt and moisture. When to Check Check your tires once a month or more. The SLS tire pressures are: Front - 28 psi (190 kPa) Rear - 26 psi (180 P a )

SLS recommended tire size is:

Michelin XW4 Blackwall (P225/60R16)

291

The STS tire pressures are: Front - 29 psi (200 kPa) Rear - 29 psi (200 kPa)

STS recommended tire size is:

Eagle GA (2-Rated) Blackwall (P225/60ZR16)

Don’t forget your compact spare tire. It should be at 60 psi (420 kPa). Tire Inspection and Rotation To make your tires last longer, have them inspected and rotated at the mileages recommended in the Maintenance Schedule. See “Scheduled Maintenance Services” in the Index.

Use this rotation pattern.

After the tires have been rotated, adjust the front and rear inflation pressure as shown on the Tire-Loading Information label. Make certain that all wheel nuts are properly tightened. See “Wheel Nut Torque” in the Index.

292

When It’s Time for New Tires

One way to tell when it’s time for new tires is to check the treadwear indicators, which will appear when your tires have only 2/32 inch (1.6 mm) or less of tread remaining.

You need a new tire if:

You can see the indicators at three or more places around the tire. You can see cord or fabric showing through the tire’s rubber. The tread or sidewall is cracked, cut or snagged deep enough to show cord or fabric. The tire has a bump, bulge or split. The tire has a puncture, cut, or other damage that can’t be repaired well because of the size or location of the damage.

293

Buying New Tires To find out what kind and size of tires you need, look at the Tire-Loading Information label. The tires installed on your vehicle when it was new had Performance Criteria Specification (TPC Spec) number on each tire's sidewall. When yowget new tires, get ones with that, same TPC Spec number. That way, your vehicle will continue to have tires that are designed to give.proper endurance, handling, speed rating, traction, ride and other things during normal service on 'your vehicle. If your tires have an all-season tread design, the- TPC number will be followed by a "MS" (for mud and snow). If you ever replace your tires with those not having a TPC Spec number, make sure they are the same size, load range, speed rating and construction type (bias, bias-belted or radial) as your original tires.

a Tire

Uniform Tire.Quality Grading The following information relates to the system developed by the United States National Highway Traffic Safety Administration which grades tires by treadwear, traction and. temperature performance. (This applies only to vehicles sold in the United States.)