2011 Cadillac CTS Owners Manual

backing up by displaying a view of the area behind the vehicle.

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{ WARNING

The Rear Vision Camera (RVC) system does not replace driver vision. RVC does not:

. Detect objects that are

outside the camera's field of view, below the bumper, or underneath the vehicle.

. Detect children, pedestrians,

bicyclists, or pets.

Do not back the vehicle by only looking at the RVC screen, or use the screen during longer, higher speed backing maneuvers or where there could be cross-traffic. Your judged distances using the screen will differ from actual distances. If you do not use proper care before backing up, you could hit a vehicle, child, pedestrian, bicyclist, or pet, resulting in vehicle damage, injury, or death.

(Continued)

Driving and Operating

9-45

WARNING (Continued)

Even though the vehicle has the RVC system, always check carefully before backing up by checking behind and around the vehicle.

Using the System When the driver shifts the vehicle into R (Reverse), the video image automatically appears on the navigation screen, or on the inside rear view mirror. Once the driver shifts out of R (Reverse), the navigation screen will go back to the last screen that had been displayed, or the video image will automatically disappear from the mirror after a delay. The delay that is received after shifting out of R (Reverse) is approximately 5 seconds.

The delay can be cancelled by performing one of the following: . Shifting in to P (Park). . Reach a vehicle speed of

8 km/h (5 mph).

There may be a message on the rear vision camera screen that states “Check Surroundings for Safety.”

Rear Vision Camera Error Messages Service Rear Vision Camera System: This message can display when the system is not receiving information it requires from other vehicle systems. d (Service Rear Vision Camera System Icon): This icon can display when the system is not receiving information it requires from other vehicle systems. If any other problem occurs or if a problem persists, see your dealer.

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Driving and Operating

Rear Vision Camera Location

The area displayed by the camera is limited and does not display objects that are close to either corner or under the bumper. The area displayed can vary depending on vehicle orientation or road conditions. The distance of the image that appears on the screen differs from the actual distance. The following illustration shows the field of view that the camera provides.

The camera is located above the license plate.

A. View displayed by the camera. B. Corner of the rear bumper.

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Driving and Operating

9-47

Fuel Use of the recommended fuel is an important part of the proper maintenance of this vehicle. To help keep the engine clean and maintain optimum vehicle performance, we recommend the use of gasoline advertised as TOP TIER Detergent Gasoline. Look for the TOP TIER label on the fuel pump to ensure gasoline meets enhanced detergency standards developed by auto companies. A list of marketers providing TOP TIER Detergent Gasoline can be found at www.toptiergas.com.

When the System Does Not Seem To Work Properly The rear vision camera system might not work properly or display a clear image if:

It is dark. The sun or the beam of headlights is shining directly into the camera lens. Ice, snow, mud, or anything else builds up on the camera lens. Clean the lens, rinse it with water, and wipe it with a soft cloth. The back of the vehicle is in an accident, the position and mounting angle of the camera can change or the camera can be affected. Be sure to have the camera and its position and mounting angle checked at your dealer. There are extreme temperature changes.

The eighth digit of the Vehicle Identification Number (VIN) shows the code letter or number that identifies the vehicle's engine. The VIN is at the top left of the instrument panel. See Vehicle Identification Number (VIN) on page 12‑1.

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Driving and Operating

Recommended Fuel If the vehicle has a V6 engine, use regular unleaded gasoline with a posted octane rating of 87 or higher. If the octane rating is less than 87, an audible knocking noise, commonly referred to as spark knock, might be heard when driving. If this occurs, use a gasoline rated at 87 octane or higher as soon as possible. If heavy knocking is heard when using gasoline rated at 87 octane or higher, the engine needs service. If the vehicle has the 6.2L V8 engine (VIN Code P), use premium unleaded gasoline with a posted octane rating of 91 or higher. For best performance, use premium unleaded gasoline with a posted octane rating of 93. In an emergency, you can use regular unleaded gasoline with an octane rating of 87 or higher. If 87 octane fuel is used, do not perform any aggressive driving maneuvers such as wide open throttle applications.

You might also hear audible spark knock during acceleration. Refill the tank with premium fuel as soon as possible to avoid damaging the engine. If heavy knocking is heard when using gasoline rated at 91octane or higher, the engine needs service.

Gasoline Specifications (U.S. and Canada Only) At a minimum, gasoline should meet ASTM specification D 4814 in the United States or CAN/CGSB‐3.5
or 3.511 in Canada. Some gasolines contain an octane-enhancing additive called methylcyclopentadienyl manganese tricarbonyl (MMT). We recommend against the use of gasolines containing MMT. See Fuel Additives on page 9‑49 for additional information.

California Fuel Requirements If the vehicle is certified to meet California Emissions Standards, it is designed to operate on fuels that meet California specifications. See the underhood emission control label. If this fuel is not available in states adopting California Emissions Standards, the vehicle will operate satisfactorily on fuels meeting federal specifications, but emission control system performance might be affected. The malfunction indicator lamp could turn on and the vehicle might fail a smog‐check test. See Malfunction Indicator Lamp on page 5‑19. If this occurs, return to your authorized dealer for diagnosis. If it is determined that the condition is caused by the type of fuel used, repairs might not be covered by the vehicle warranty.

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Driving and Operating

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Fuels in Foreign Countries Never use leaded gasoline or any other fuel not recommended in the previous text on fuel. Costly repairs caused by use of improper fuel would not be covered by the vehicle warranty. To check the fuel availability, ask an auto club, or contact a major oil company that does business in the country where you will be driving.

Fuel Additives To provide cleaner air, all gasolines in the United States are now required to contain additives that help prevent engine and fuel system deposits from forming, allowing the emission control system to work properly. In most cases, nothing should have to be added to the fuel. However, some gasolines contain only the minimum amount of additive required to meet U.S. Environmental Protection Agency

regulations. To help keep fuel injectors and intake valves clean and avoid problems due to dirty injectors or valves, look for gasoline that is advertised as TOP TIER Detergent Gasoline. Look for the TOP TIER label on the fuel pump to ensure gasoline meets enhanced detergency standards developed by the auto companies. A list of marketers providing TOP TIER Detergent Gasoline can be found at www.toptiergas.com. For customers who do not use TOP TIER Detergent Gasoline regularly, one bottle of GM Fuel System Treatment PLUS, added to the fuel tank at every engine oil change, can help clean deposits from fuel injectors and intake valves. GM Fuel System Treatment PLUS is the only gasoline additive recommended by General Motors. It is available at your dealer. Gasolines containing oxygenates, such as ethers and ethanol, and reformulated gasolines might be available in your area.

We recommend that you use these gasolines, if they comply with the specifications described earlier. However, E85 (85% ethanol) and other fuels containing more than 10% ethanol must not be used in vehicles that were not designed for those fuels. Notice: This vehicle was not designed for fuel that contains methanol. Do not use fuel containing methanol. It can corrode metal parts in the fuel system and also damage plastic and rubber parts. That damage would not be covered under the vehicle warranty. Some gasolines that are not reformulated for low emissions can contain an octane-enhancing additive called methylcyclopentadienyl manganese tricarbonyl (MMT); ask the attendant where you buy gasoline whether the fuel contains MMT. We recommend against the use of such gasolines.

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Driving and Operating

Fuels containing MMT can reduce spark plug life and affect emission control system performance. The malfunction indicator lamp might turn on. If this occurs, return to your dealer for service.

Filling the Tank

{ WARNING

Fuel vapor burns violently and a fuel fire can cause bad injuries. To help avoid injuries to you and others, read and follow all the instructions on the fuel pump island. Turn off the engine when refueling. Do not smoke near fuel or when refueling the vehicle. Do not use cellular phones. Keep sparks, flames, and smoking materials away from fuel. Do not leave the fuel pump unattended when refueling the vehicle. This is against the law in some places. Do not re-enter the vehicle while

(Continued)

WARNING (Continued)

pumping fuel. Keep children away from the fuel pump; never let children pump fuel.

The cap is behind a locking fuel door on the passenger side of the vehicle. The fuel door is locked or unlocked every time the driver’s door is locked or unlocked with the power door locks or the transmitter.

To open the fuel door, push the rearward center edge in and release and it will open. To remove the tethered fuel cap, turn it slowly counterclockwise. While refueling, hang the tethered fuel cap from the hook on the fuel door. If the fuel cap is not installed properly, the TIGHTEN GAS CAP message will appear on the Driver Information Center display. See Fuel System Messages on page 5‑36. When reinstalling the cap, turn it clockwise until it clicks once, otherwise the Malfunction Indicator Lamp could turn on. See Malfunction Indicator Lamp on page 5‑19.

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{ WARNING

Fuel can spray out on you if you open the fuel cap too quickly. If you spill fuel and then something ignites it, you could be badly burned. This spray can happen if the tank is nearly full, and is more likely in hot weather. Open the fuel cap slowly and wait for any hiss noise to stop. Then unscrew the cap all the way.

Be careful not to spill fuel. Do not top off or overfill the tank and wait a few seconds after you have finished pumping before removing the nozzle. Clean fuel from painted surfaces as soon as possible. See Exterior Care on page 10‑113. When replacing the fuel cap, turn it clockwise until it clicks once. Make sure the cap is fully installed. The diagnostic system can determine if the fuel cap has been left off or improperly installed. This would allow fuel to evaporate into the atmosphere. See Malfunction Indicator Lamp on page 5‑19.

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9-51

{ WARNING If a fire starts while you are refueling, do not remove the nozzle. Shut off the flow of fuel by shutting off the pump or by notifying the station attendant. Leave the area immediately.

Notice: If a new fuel cap is needed, be sure to get the right type of cap from your dealer. The wrong type of fuel cap might not fit properly, might cause the malfunction indicator lamp to light, and could damage the fuel tank and emissions system. See Malfunction Indicator Lamp on page 5‑19.

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Driving and Operating

Filling a Portable Fuel Container

{ WARNING

Never fill a portable fuel container while it is in the vehicle. Static electricity discharge from the container can ignite the fuel vapor. You can be badly burned and the vehicle damaged if this occurs. To help avoid injury to you and others:

. Dispense fuel only into

approved containers.

. Do not fill a container while it

is inside a vehicle, in a vehicle's trunk, pickup bed, or on any surface other than the ground.

(Continued)

WARNING (Continued)

. Bring the fill nozzle in contact

with the inside of the fill opening before operating the nozzle. Contact should be maintained until the filling is complete.

. Do not smoke while

pumping fuel.

. Do not use a cellular phone

while pumping fuel.

Towing

General Towing Information Only use towing equipment that has been designed for the vehicle. Contact your dealer or trailering dealer for assistance with preparing the vehicle for towing a trailer. See the following trailer towing information in this section:

For information on driving while towing a trailer, see “Driving Characteristics and Towing Tips.” For maximum vehicle and trailer weights, see “Trailer Towing.” For information on equipment to tow a trailer, see “Towing Equipment.”

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Driving and Operating

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WARNING (Continued)

have been followed. Ask your dealer for advice and information about towing a trailer with the vehicle.

The vehicle can tow a trailer if it is equipped with the proper trailer towing equipment. To identify the trailering capacity of the vehicle, see Trailer Towing (Except CTS-V) on page 9‑57 or Trailer Towing (CTS-V) on page 9‑58. Trailering changes handling, acceleration, braking, durability, and fuel economy. With the added weight, the engine, transmission, wheel assemblies, and tires are forced to work harder and under greater loads. The trailer also adds wind resistance, increasing the pulling requirements. For safe trailering, correctly use the proper trailering equipment.

The following information has important trailering tips and rules for your safety and that of your passengers. Read this section carefully before pulling a trailer. Pulling a Trailer Here are some important points:

There are many laws, including speed limit restrictions that apply to trailering. Check for legal requirements with state or provincial police.

. Do not tow a trailer at all during the first 1 600 km (1,000 miles) the new vehicle is driven. The engine, axle, or other parts could be damaged.

. During the first 800 km

(500 miles) that a trailer is towed, do not drive over 80 km/h (50 mph) and do not make starts at full throttle. This reduces wear on the vehicle.

For information on towing a disabled vehicle, see Towing the Vehicle on page 10‑111. For information on towing the vehicle behind another vehicle such as a motor home, see Recreational Vehicle Towing on page 10‑111.

Driving Characteristics and Towing Tips

{ WARNING

The driver can lose control when pulling a trailer if the correct equipment is not used or the vehicle is not driven properly. For example, if the trailer is too heavy, the brakes may not work well — or even at all. The driver and passengers could be seriously injured. The vehicle may also be damaged; the resulting repairs would not be covered by the vehicle warranty. Pull a trailer only if all the steps in this section (Continued)

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Driving and Operating

. Vehicles with automatic transmissions can tow in D (Drive) but M (Manual Mode) is recommended. See Manual Mode on page 9‑29 for more information. Use a lower gear if the transmission shifts too often. For vehicles with a manual transmission, it is better not to use the highest gear.

. Use the cruise control when

towing.

. Obey speed limit restrictions.

Do not drive faster than the maximum posted speed for trailers, or no more than 90 km/h (55 mph), to reduce wear on the vehicle.

Driving with a Trailer Towing a trailer requires experience. Get familiar with handling and braking with the added trailer weight. The vehicle is now longer and not as responsive as the vehicle is by itself.

Check all trailer hitch parts and attachments, safety chains, electrical connectors, lamps, tires, and mirror adjustments. If the trailer has electric brakes, start the vehicle and trailer moving and then apply the trailer brake controller by hand to be sure the brakes are working. During the trip, check regularly to be sure that the load is secure, and the lamps and trailer brakes are working properly. Towing with a Stability Control System When towing, the sound of the stability control system might be heard. The system is reacting to the vehicle movement caused by the trailer, which mainly occurs during cornering. This is normal when towing heavier trailers.

Following Distance Stay at least twice as far behind the vehicle ahead as you would when driving the vehicle without a trailer. This can help to avoid situations that require heavy braking and sudden turns. Passing More passing distance is needed when towing a trailer. Because the rig is longer, it is necessary to go much farther beyond the passed vehicle before returning to the lane. Backing Up Hold the bottom of the steering wheel with one hand. Then, to move the trailer to the left, move that hand to the left. To move the trailer to the right, move your hand to the right. Always back up slowly and, if possible, have someone guide you.

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Driving and Operating

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Making Turns Notice: Making very sharp turns while trailering could cause the trailer to come in contact with the vehicle. The vehicle could be damaged. Avoid making very sharp turns while trailering. When turning with a trailer, make wider turns than normal. Do this so the trailer won't strike soft shoulders, curbs, road signs, trees or other objects. Avoid jerky or sudden maneuvers. Signal well in advance. Turn Signals When Towing a Trailer The arrows on the instrument panel flash whenever signaling a turn or lane change. Properly hooked up, the trailer lamps also flash, telling other drivers the vehicle is turning, changing lanes, or stopping.

When towing a trailer, the arrows on the instrument panel flash for turns even if the bulbs on the trailer are burned out. For this reason you may think other drivers are seeing the signal when they are not. It is important to check occasionally to be sure the trailer bulbs are still working. Driving On Grades Reduce speed and shift to a lower gear before starting down a long or steep downgrade. If the transmission is not shifted down, the brakes might have to be used so much that they would get hot and no longer work well. Vehicles with an automatic transmission can tow in D (Drive) but M (Manual Mode) is recommended. Shift the transmission to a lower gear if the transmission shifts too often under heavy loads and/or hilly conditions. For vehicles with a manual transmission, it is better not to use the highest gear.

When towing at high altitude on steep uphill grades, consider the following: Engine coolant will boil at a lower temperature than at normal altitudes. If the engine is turned off immediately after towing at high altitude on steep uphill grades, the vehicle may show signs similar to engine overheating. To avoid this, let the engine run while parked, preferably on level ground, with the automatic transmission in P (Park) for a few minutes before turning the engine off. For vehicles with manual transmissions, let the engine run while parked, preferably on level ground, with the transmission out of gear and the parking brake applied, for a few minutes before turning the engine off. If the overheat warning comes on, see Engine Overheating on page 10‑24.

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Driving and Operating

Parking on Hills

{ WARNING

Parking the vehicle on a hill with the trailer attached can be dangerous. If something goes wrong, the rig could start to move. People can be injured, and both the vehicle and the trailer can be damaged. When possible, always park the rig on a flat surface.

If parking the rig on a hill: 1. Press the brake pedal, but do

not shift into P (Park) yet for vehicles with an automatic transmission, or into gear for vehicles with a manual transmission. Turn the wheels into the curb if facing downhill or into traffic if facing uphill.

2. Have someone place chocks

under the trailer wheels.

3. When the wheel chocks are in place, release the brake pedal until the chocks absorb the load.

4. Reapply the brake pedal. Then

apply the parking brake and shift into P (Park) for vehicles with an automatic transmission or into gear for vehicles with a manual transmission.

5. Release the brake pedal. Leaving After Parking on a Hill 1. Apply and hold the brake pedal

while you:

Start the engine, Shift into a gear, and Release the parking brake.

2. Let up on the brake pedal. 3. Drive slowly until the trailer is

clear of the chocks.

4. Stop and have someone pick up

and store the chocks.

Maintenance When Trailer Towing The vehicle needs service more often when pulling a trailer. See this manual's Maintenance Schedule or Index for more information. Things that are especially important in trailer operation are automatic transmission fluid, engine oil, axle lubricant, belts, cooling system, and brake system. It is a good idea to inspect these before and during the trip. Check periodically to see that all hitch nuts and bolts are tight. Engine Cooling When Trailer Towing The cooling system may temporarily overheat during severe operating conditions. See Engine Overheating on page 10‑24.

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Trailer Towing (Except CTS-V and Coupe) Before pulling a trailer, there are three important considerations that have to do with weight:

The weight of the trailer. The weight of the trailer tongue. The total weight on the vehicle's tires.

Weight of the Trailer How heavy can a trailer safely be? It should never weigh more than 450 kg (1,000 lbs). But even that can be too heavy. Speed, altitude, road grades, outside temperature, special equipment, and the amount of tongue weight the vehicle can carry must be considered. See “Weight of the Trailer Tongue” later in this section for more information.

Maximum trailer weight is calculated assuming only the driver is in the tow vehicle and it has all the required trailering equipment. The weight of additional optional equipment, passengers, and cargo in the tow vehicle must be subtracted from the maximum trailer weight. Ask your dealer for our trailering information or advice, or write us at our Customer Assistance Offices. See Roadside Service (U.S. and Canada) on page 13‑7 or Roadside Service (Mexico) on page 13‑9 for more information. Weight of the Trailer Tongue The tongue load (A) of any trailer is an important weight to measure because it affects the total gross weight of the vehicle. The Gross Vehicle Weight (GVW) includes the curb weight of the vehicle, any cargo carried in it, and the people who will be riding in the vehicle.

Driving and Operating

9-57

If there are a lot of options, equipment, passengers or cargo in the vehicle, it will reduce the tongue weight the vehicle can carry, which will also reduce the trailer weight the vehicle can tow. If towing a trailer, the tongue load must be added to the GVW because the vehicle will be carrying that weight, too. See Vehicle Load Limits on page 9‑11
for more information about the vehicle's maximum load capacity.

For a weight-carrying hitch, the trailer tongue (A) should weigh 10 to 15 percent of the total loaded trailer weight (B).

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Driving and Operating

After loading the trailer, weigh the trailer and then the tongue, separately, to see if the weights are proper. If they are not, adjustments might be made by moving some items around in the trailer. Total Weight on the Vehicle's Tires Inflate the vehicle's tires to the upper limit for cold tires. These numbers can be found on the Certification label or see Vehicle Load Limits on page 9‑11. Do not go over the GVW limit for the vehicle, or the GAWR, including the weight of the trailer tongue.

Trailer Towing (CTS-V and Coupe) The vehicle is neither designed nor intended to tow a trailer.

Towing Equipment

Hitches Use the correct hitch equipment. See your dealer or a hitch dealer for assistance.

The rear bumper on the vehicle is not intended for hitches. Do not attach rental hitches or other bumper-type hitches to it. Use only a frame-mounted hitch that does not attach to the bumper.

. Will any holes be made in the body of the vehicle when the trailer hitch is installed? If there are, seal the holes when the hitch is removed. If the holes are not sealed, dirt, water, and deadly carbon monoxide (CO) from the exhaust can get into the vehicle. See Engine Exhaust on page 9‑25.

Safety Chains Always attach chains between the vehicle and the trailer. Cross the safety chains under the tongue of the trailer to help prevent the tongue from contacting the road if it becomes separated from the hitch. Leave enough slack so the rig can turn. Never allow safety chains to drag on the ground. Trailer Brakes Does the trailer have its own brakes? Be sure to read and follow the instructions for the trailer brakes so they are installed, adjusted, and maintained properly. Because the vehicle has antilock brakes, do not tap into the vehicle's brake system. If this is done, both brake systems will not work well, or at all.

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Driving and Operating

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Add-on equipment can drain the vehicle's 12‐volt battery, even if the vehicle is not operating. The vehicle has an airbag system. Before attempting to add anything electrical to the vehicle, see Servicing the Airbag-Equipped Vehicle on page 3‑41 and Adding Equipment to the Airbag-Equipped Vehicle on page 3‑42.

Conversions and Add-Ons

Add-On Electrical Equipment Notice: Do not add anything electrical to the vehicle unless you check with your dealer first. Some electrical equipment can damage the vehicle and the damage would not be covered by the vehicle's warranty. Some add-on electrical equipment can keep other components from working as they should.

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Driving and Operating

2 NOTES

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Vehicle Care

General Information

General Information . . . . . . . . . . 10-3
California Proposition

65 Warning . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-3

California Perchlorate

Materials Requirements . . . . 10-3

Accessories and

Modifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-3

Vehicle Checks Doing Your Own

Service Work . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-4
Hood . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-5
Engine Compartment

Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-6
Engine Cover . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-10
Engine Oil . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-10
Engine Oil Life System . . . . . 10-14
Automatic Transmission

Fluid . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-14

Manual Transmission

Fluid . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-15
Hydraulic Clutch . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-15

Engine Air Cleaner/Filter . . . . 10-16
Cooling System . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-18
Engine Coolant . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-19
Engine Overheating . . . . . . . . 10-24
Overheated Engine

Protection Operating Mode . . . . . . . . . . . 10-25
Power Steering Fluid . . . . . . . 10-25
Washer Fluid . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-26
Brakes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-27
Brake Fluid . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-28
Battery . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-30
All-Wheel Drive . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-31
Starter Switch Check . . . . . . . 10-31
Automatic Transmission Shift

Lock Control Function Check . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-32

Ignition Transmission Lock

Check . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-33

Park Brake and P (Park)

Mechanism Check . . . . . . . . 10-33

Wiper Blade

Replacement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-34

Headlamp Aiming

Headlamp Aiming . . . . . . . . . . 10-35

Vehicle Care

10-1

Bulb Replacement

Bulb Replacement . . . . . . . . . . 10-37
Halogen Bulbs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-37
High Intensity Discharge

(HID) Lighting . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-37
Fog Lamps . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-38
License Plate Lamp (Coupe

and Sedan) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-38

License Plate Lamp

(Wagon) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-39
Replacement Bulbs . . . . . . . . . 10-39

Electrical System

Electrical System

Overload . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-40

Fuses and Circuit

Breakers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-41

Engine Compartment Fuse

Block (CTS Coupe and Sedan) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-41

Engine Compartment Fuse Block (CTS V Coupe and Sedan) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-45

Engine Compartment Fuse

Block (CTS Wagon) . . . . . . . 10-48

Engine Compartment Fuse

Block (CTS V Wagon) . . . . . 10-52

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10-2

Vehicle Care

Block (CTS-V Wagon) . . . . . 10-61

Uniform Tire Quality

Rear Compartment Fuse Block (CTS Coupe and Sedan) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-55

Rear Compartment Fuse

Block (CTS-V Coupe and Sedan) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-57

Rear Compartment Fuse

Block (CTS Wagon) . . . . . . . 10-59

Rear Compartment Fuse

Wheels and Tires

Tires . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-64
Winter Tires . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-65
Low-Profile Tires . . . . . . . . . . . 10-65
Tire Sidewall Labeling . . . . . . 10-66
Tire Designations . . . . . . . . . . . 10-68
Tire Terminology and

Definitions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-69
Tire Pressure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-72
Tire Pressure for High-Speed

Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-73

Tire Pressure Monitor

System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-74

Tire Pressure Monitor

Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-75
Tire Inspection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-78
Tire Rotation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-79
When It Is Time for New

Tires . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-80
Buying New Tires . . . . . . . . . . . 10-81
Different Size Tires and

Wheels . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-83

Grading . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-83

Wheel Alignment and Tire

Balance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-85
Wheel Replacement . . . . . . . . 10-85
Tire Chains . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-86
If a Tire Goes Flat . . . . . . . . . . 10-87
Tire Sealant and

Compressor Kit . . . . . . . . . . . 10-89

Storing the Tire Sealant and

Compressor Kit (Wagon) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-96

Storing the Tire Sealant and

Compressor Kit (Coupe) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-97

Storing the Tire Sealant and

Compressor Kit (Sedan) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-97
Tire Changing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-98
Compact Spare Tire . . . . . . . 10-106

Jump Starting

Jump Starting . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-106

Towing

Towing the Vehicle . . . . . . . . 10-111
Recreational Vehicle

Towing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-111

Appearance Care

Exterior Care . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-113
Interior Care . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-117
Floor Mats . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-120

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General Information For service and parts needs, visit your dealer. You will receive genuine GM parts and GM-trained and supported service people. Genuine GM parts have one of these marks:

California Proposition 65 Warning Most motor vehicles, including this one, contain and/or emit chemicals known to the State of California to cause cancer and birth defects or other reproductive harm. Engine exhaust, many parts and systems, many fluids, and some component wear by-products contain and/or emit these chemicals.

California Perchlorate Materials Requirements Certain types of automotive applications, such as airbag initiators, seat belt pretensioners, and lithium batteries contained in Remote Keyless Entry transmitters, may contain perchlorate materials. Special handling may be necessary. For additional information, see www.dtsc.ca.gov/hazardouswaste/ perchlorate.

Vehicle Care

10-3

Accessories and Modifications Adding non‐dealer accessories to the vehicle can affect vehicle performance and safety, including such things as airbags, braking, stability, ride and handling, emissions systems, aerodynamics, durability, and electronic systems like antilock brakes, traction control, and stability control. Some of these accessories could even cause malfunction or damage not covered by the vehicle warranty. Damage to vehicle components resulting from the installation or use of non‐GM certified parts, including control module modifications, is not covered under the terms of the vehicle warranty and may affect remaining warranty coverage for affected parts.

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10-4

Vehicle Care

GM Accessories are designed to complement and function with other systems on the vehicle. Your GM dealer can accessorize the vehicle using genuine GM Accessories. When you go to your GM dealer and ask for GM Accessories, you will know that GM-trained and supported service technicians will perform the work using genuine GM Accessories. Also, see Adding Equipment to the Airbag-Equipped Vehicle on page 3‑42.

If doing some of your own service work, use the proper service manual. It tells you much more about how to service the vehicle than this manual can. To order the proper service manual, see Service Publications Ordering Information on page 13‑14. This vehicle has an airbag system. Before attempting to do your own service work, see Servicing the Airbag-Equipped Vehicle on page 3‑41. Keep a record with all parts receipts and list the mileage and the date of any service work performed. See Maintenance Records on page 11‑11.

Vehicle Checks

Doing Your Own Service Work

{ WARNING You can be injured and the vehicle could be damaged if you try to do service work on a vehicle without knowing enough about it.

. Be sure you have sufficient

knowledge, experience, the proper replacement parts, and tools before attempting any vehicle maintenance task.

. Be sure to use the proper

nuts, bolts, and other fasteners. Metric and English fasteners can be easily confused. If the wrong fasteners are used, parts can later break or fall off. You could be hurt.

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Hood To open the hood:

Vehicle Care

10-5

Before closing the hood, be sure all the filler caps are on properly. Then pull the hood down and close it firmly.

1. Pull the hood release lever with

this symbol on it. It is located inside the vehicle on the lower side of the instrument panel.

2. Go to the front of the vehicle and find the secondary hood release lever. The lever is located under the front edge of the grille near the center. Push the release lever up and raise the hood.

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10-6

Vehicle Care

Engine Compartment Overview

CTS 3.6 L V6 Engine Shown, 3.0 L V6 Engine Similar

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Vehicle Care

10-7

A. Windshield Washer Fluid

D. Remote Negative (−) Terminal.

I.

Reservoir. See Washer Fluid on page 10‑26.

See Jump Starting on page 10‑106.

Engine Oil Dipstick (Out of View). See Engine Oil on page 10‑10.

B. Engine Compartment Fuse

Block (CTS Coupe and Sedan) on page 10‑41 or Engine Compartment Fuse Block (CTS V Coupe and Sedan) on page 10‑45 or Engine Compartment Fuse Block (CTS Wagon) on page 10‑48 or Engine Compartment Fuse Block (CTS V Wagon) on page 10‑52.

C. Remote Positive (+) Terminal.

See Jump Starting on page 10‑106.

E. Passenger Compartment Air Filter. See Passenger Compartment Air Filter on page 8‑7.

F. Engine Cooling Fan (Out of

View). See Cooling System on page 10‑18.

G. Power Steering Fluid Reservoir.

See Power Steering Fluid on page 10‑25.

J. Hydraulic Clutch Reservoir

(If Equipped) (Not Shown). See Hydraulic Clutch on page 10‑15.

K. Brake Master Cylinder

Reservoir (Out of View). See Brakes on page 10‑27.

L. Engine Coolant Surge Tank and

Pressure Cap. See Engine Coolant on page 10‑19.

M. Engine Air Cleaner/Filter on

H. Engine Oil Fill Cap. See Engine

page 10‑16.

Oil on page 10‑10.

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10-8

Vehicle Care

CTS-V 6.2 L V8 Engine

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A. Windshield Washer Fluid

D. Remote Negative (−) Terminal.

J. Hydraulic Clutch Reservoir

Reservoir. See Washer Fluid on page 10‑26.

See Jump Starting on page 10‑106.

(If Equipped) (Not Shown). See Hydraulic Clutch on page 10‑15.

Vehicle Care

10-9

B. Engine Compartment Fuse

Block (CTS Coupe and Sedan) on page 10‑41 or Engine Compartment Fuse Block (CTS V Coupe and Sedan) on page 10‑45 or Engine Compartment Fuse Block (CTS Wagon) on page 10‑48 or Engine Compartment Fuse Block (CTS V Wagon) on page 10‑52.

C. Remote Positive (+) Terminal.

See Jump Starting on page 10‑106.

E. Engine Oil Fill Cap (Out of View). See Engine Oil on page 10‑10.

K. Brake Master Cylinder

Reservoir. See Brakes on page 10‑27.

F. Engine Oil Dipstick. See Engine

L. Engine Coolant Surge Tank and

Oil on page 10‑10.

H.

G. Passenger Compartment Air Filter. See Passenger Compartment Air Filter on page 8‑7. Intercooler System Pressure Cap. See Cooling System on page 10‑18. Engine Cooling Fans (Out of View). See Cooling System on page 10‑18.

I.

Pressure Cap. See Engine Coolant on page 10‑19.

M. Power Steering Fluid Reservoir

(Under Engine Cover). See Power Steering Fluid on page 10‑25.

N. Engine Air Cleaner/Filter on

page 10‑16.

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10-10

Vehicle Care

Engine Cover

Engine Cover (CTS)

5. Reverse Steps 1 through 4 to

2. Pull the engine cover forward

reinstall engine cover. Engine Cover (CTS-V)

until it is clear of the smaller piece.

3. Lift and remove the engine

cover.

4. Reverse Steps 1 through 3 to

reinstall engine cover.

Engine Oil To ensure proper engine performance and long life, careful attention must be paid to engine oil. Following these simple, but important steps will help protect your investment: . Always use engine oil approved to the proper specification and of the proper viscosity grade. See “Selecting the Right Engine Oil” in this section.

. Check the engine oil level regularly and maintain the proper oil level. See “Checking Engine Oil” and “When to Add Engine Oil” in this section.

To remove: 1. Remove the oil fill cap (A). 2. Raise the right front corner of

the engine cover (B) to release it from the ball stud.

3. Pull the engine cover (B) forward to slide the rear tabs (C) out from under the retainers.

4. Lift and remove the engine

cover.

To remove: The engine cover consists of two pieces. Only the larger front piece needs to be removed to access the engine oil and power steering fill caps. 1. Raise the front of the engine

cover (A) to release it from the ball studs (B).

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2. Pull out the dipstick and clean

it with a paper towel or cloth, then push it back in all the way. Remove it again, keeping the tip down, and check the level.

When to Add Engine Oil If the oil is below the cross-hatched area at the tip of the dipstick, add 1 L (1 qt) of the recommended oil and then recheck the level. See “Selecting the Right Engine Oil” in this section for an explanation of what kind of oil to use. For engine oil crankcase capacity, see Capacities and Specifications on page 12‑2.

. Change the engine oil at the

appropriate time. See Engine Oil Life System on page 10‑14. . Always dispose of engine oil

properly. See “What to Do with Used Oil” in this section.

Checking Engine Oil It is a good idea to check the engine oil level at each fuel fill. In order to get an accurate reading, the vehicle must be on level ground. The engine oil dipstick handle is a yellow loop. See Engine Compartment Overview on page 10‑6 for the location of the engine oil dipstick. If the engine has been running 1. recently, turn off the engine and allow several minutes for the oil to drain back into the oil pan. Checking the oil level too soon after engine shutoff will not provide an accurate oil level reading.

Vehicle Care

10-11

Notice: Do not add too much oil. Oil levels above or below the acceptable operating range shown on the dipstick are harmful to the engine. If you find that you have an oil level above the operating range, i.e., the engine has so much oil that the oil level gets above the cross-hatched area that shows the proper operating range, the engine could be damaged. You should drain out the excess oil or limit driving of the vehicle and seek a service professional to remove the excess amount of oil. See Engine Compartment Overview on page 10‑6 for the location of the engine oil fill cap. Add enough oil to put the level somewhere in the proper operating range. Push the dipstick all the way back in when through.

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10-12

Vehicle Care

Selecting the Right Engine Oil Selecting the right engine oil depends on both the proper oil specification and viscosity grade:

Specification Use and ask for engine oils with the dexos™ certification mark. Oils meeting the requirements of the vehicle should have the dexos™ certification mark on the container. This certification mark indicates that the oil has been approved to the dexos™ specification.

This vehicle was filled at the factory with dexos™ approved engine oil.

Notice: Use only engine oil that is approved to the dexos™ specification or an equivalent engine oil of the appropriate viscosity grade. Engine oils approved to the dexos™ specification will show the dexos™ symbol on the container. Failure to use the recommended engine oil or equivalent can result in engine damage not covered by the vehicle warranty. If you are unsure whether the oil is approved to the dexos™ specification, ask your service provider.

Use of Substitute Engine Oils if dexos™ is unavailable: In the event that dexos™ approved engine oil is not available at an oil change or for maintaining proper oil level, you may use substitute engine oil displaying the API Starburst symbol and of SAE 5W-30 viscosity grade. Use of oils that do not meet the dexos™ specification, however, may result in reduced performance under certain circumstances.

Viscosity Grade SAE 5W-30 is the best viscosity grade for the vehicle. Do not use other viscosity oils such as SAE 10W‐30, 10W‐40, or 20W-50.

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Vehicle Care

10-13

What to Do with Used Oil Used engine oil contains certain elements that can be unhealthy for your skin and could even cause cancer. Do not let used oil stay on your skin for very long. Clean your skin and nails with soap and water, or a good hand cleaner. Wash or properly dispose of clothing or rags containing used engine oil. See the manufacturer's warnings about the use and disposal of oil products. Used oil can be a threat to the environment. If you change your own oil, be sure to drain all the oil from the filter before disposal. Never dispose of oil by putting it in the trash or pouring it on the ground, into sewers, or into streams or bodies of water. Recycle it by taking it to a place that collects used oil.

(−20°F), an SAE 0W-30 oil should be used. An oil of this viscosity grade will provide easier cold starting for the engine at extremely low temperatures. When selecting an oil of the appropriate viscosity grade, be sure to always select an oil that meets the required specification, dexos™. See “Specification” earlier in this section for more information. Engine Oil Additives/Engine Oil Flushes Do not add anything to the oil. The recommended oils with the dexos™ specification and displaying the dexos™ certification mark are all that is needed for good performance and engine protection. Engine oil system flushes are not recommended and could cause engine damage not covered by the vehicle warranty.

Cold Temperature Operation: In an area of extreme cold, where the temperature falls below −29°C

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10-14

Vehicle Care

Engine Oil Life System

When to Change Engine Oil This vehicle has a computer system that indicates when to change the engine oil and filter. This is based on engine revolutions and engine temperature, and not on mileage. Based on driving conditions, the mileage at which an oil change is indicated can vary considerably. For the oil life system to work properly, the system must be reset every time the oil is changed. When the system has calculated that oil life has been diminished, it indicates that an oil change is necessary. A CHANGE ENGINE OIL SOON message comes on. See Engine Oil Messages on page 5‑35. Change the oil as soon as possible within the next 1 000 km (600 miles). It is possible that, if driving under the best conditions, the oil life system might indicate that an oil change is not necessary for up to a year. The engine oil and filter must be changed at least once a year

and, at this time, the system must be reset. Your dealer has trained service people who will perform this work and reset the system. It is also important to check the oil regularly over the course of an oil drain interval and keep it at the proper level. If the system is ever reset accidentally, the oil must be changed at 5 000 km (3,000 miles) since the last oil change. Remember to reset the oil life system whenever the oil is changed. How to Reset the Engine Oil Life System Reset the system whenever the engine oil is changed so that the system can calculate the next engine oil change. To reset the system: 1. Turn the ignition to ON/RUN with

the engine off.

2. Fully press and release the

accelerator pedal three times within five seconds.

The system is reset when the CHANGE ENGINE OIL SOON message goes off. If the CHANGE ENGINE OIL SOON message comes back on when the vehicle is started, the engine oil life system has not been reset. Repeat the procedure.

Automatic Transmission Fluid

How to Check Automatic Transmission Fluid It is not necessary to check the transmission fluid level. A transmission fluid leak is the only reason for fluid loss. If a leak occurs, take the vehicle to the dealer service department and have it repaired as soon as possible. The vehicle is not equipped with a transmission fluid level dipstick. There is a special procedure for checking and changing the transmission fluid. Because this procedure is difficult, it should be

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done at the dealer service department. Contact your dealer for additional information or refer to the procedure in the service manual. To purchase a service manual, see Service Publications Ordering Information on page 13‑14. Change the fluid and filter at the intervals listed in Scheduled Maintenance on page 11‑2, and be sure to use the fluid listed in Recommended Fluids and Lubricants on page 11‑7.

Manual Transmission Fluid It is not necessary to check the manual transmission fluid level. A transmission fluid leak is the only reason for fluid loss. If a leak occurs, take the vehicle to a dealer for service. Have it repaired as soon as possible. You may also have the fluid level checked by your dealer when the oil is changed.

See Recommended Fluids and Lubricants on page 11‑7 for the proper fluid to use.

Hydraulic Clutch It is not necessary to regularly check clutch fluid unless you suspect there is a leak in the system. Adding fluid will not correct a leak. A fluid loss in this system could indicate a problem. Have the system inspected and repaired. When to Check and What to Use

The hydraulic clutch fluid reservoir cap has this symbol on it. See Engine Compartment Overview on page 10‑6 for reservoir location.

Vehicle Care

10-15

Refer to the Maintenance Schedule for the proper fluid to use. See Recommended Fluids and Lubricants on page 11‑7. The fluid requires changing every two years. See Scheduled Maintenance on page 11‑2. How to Check and Add Fluid Visually check the clutch fluid reservoir to make sure the fluid level is at the MIN (minimum) line on the side of the reservoir. The hydraulic clutch fluid system should be closed and sealed. Do not remove the cap to check the fluid level or to top‐off the fluid level. Remove the cap only when necessary to add the proper fluid until the level reaches the MIN line.

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10-16

Vehicle Care

Engine Air Cleaner/Filter The engine air cleaner/filter is in the engine compartment on the driver side of the vehicle, near the front. See Engine Compartment Overview on page 10‑6 for more information on location. When to Inspect the Engine Air Cleaner/Filter Inspect the air cleaner/filter at the scheduled maintenance intervals and replace it at the first oil change after each 80 000 km (50,000 mile) interval. See Scheduled Maintenance on page 11‑2 for more information. If you are driving in dusty/dirty conditions, inspect the filter at each engine oil change.

How to Inspect the Engine Air Cleaner/Filter To inspect the air cleaner/filter, remove the filter from the vehicle and lightly shake the filter to release loose dust and dirt. If the filter remains covered with dirt, a new filter is required. To inspect or replace the engine air cleaner/filter: 1. Turn the ignition off.

2. Remove the side cover by

pulling up on the front of the cover.

3. Disconnect the electrical

connector from the air box.

4. Loosen the screw on the clamp

holding the air outlet duct in place. Do not remove the clamp. Move the duct aside.

5. Remove the hose from the air cleaner housing mounting arm. Move the hose aside.

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Vehicle Care

10-17

6. Remove the three air cleaner

housing cover screws.

7. Move the air cleaner housing cover and remove the cover from the air cleaner housing.

8. Remove the air cleaner filter from the air cleaner housing.

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10-18

Vehicle Care

How to Reinstall Engine Air Cleaner/Filter 1.

Install the air cleaner into the air cleaner housing. The outer air cleaner filter seal must be fitted properly in the air cleaner housing.

4.

3.

2. Align the air cleaner housing cover tabs to the air cleaner housing. Install the air cleaner housing cover. Install the air cleaner housing cover screws. Install the hose to the air cleaner housing mounting arm. The hose must be routed correctly. Install the air cleaner outlet duct to the air cleaner housing.

5.

6.

7. Tighten the air cleaner outlet

duct screw clamp.

8. Attach the electrical connector to

the air box.

9. Reinstall the side cover. { WARNING

Cooling System The cooling system allows the engine to maintain the correct working temperature. When it is safe to lift the hood:

Operating the engine with the air cleaner/filter off can cause you or others to be burned. The air cleaner not only cleans the air; it helps to stop flames if the engine backfires. Use caution when working on the engine and do not drive with the air cleaner/filter off.

Notice: If the air cleaner/filter is off, dirt can easily get into the engine, which could damage it. Always have the air cleaner/filter in place when you are driving.

A. Electric Engine Cooling Fan(s)

(Out of View)

B. Coolant Surge Tank and

Pressure Cap

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Notice: Using coolant other than DEX-COOL® can cause premature engine, heater core, or radiator corrosion. In addition, the engine coolant could require changing sooner, at 50 000 km (30,000 mi) or 24 months, whichever occurs first. Any repairs would not be covered by the vehicle warranty. Always use DEX-COOL (silicate-free) coolant in the vehicle.

Vehicle Care

10-19

Engine Coolant The cooling system in the vehicle for all engines and the intercooler is filled with DEX-COOL®. This coolant is designed to remain in the vehicle for 5 years or 240 000 km (150,000 mi), whichever occurs first. The following explains the cooling system and how to check and add coolant when it is low. If there is a problem with engine overheating, see Engine Overheating on page 10‑24.

{ WARNING

An electric engine cooling fan under the hood can start up even when the engine is not running and can cause injury. Keep hands, clothing, and tools away from any underhood electric fan.

{ WARNING

Heater and radiator hoses, and other engine parts, can be very hot. Do not touch them. If you do, you can be burned. Do not run the engine if there is a leak. If you run the engine, it could lose all coolant. That could cause an engine fire, and you could be burned. Get any leak fixed before you drive the vehicle.

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10-20

Vehicle Care

What to Use

{ WARNING

Adding only plain water or some other liquid to the cooling system can be dangerous. Plain water and other liquids, can boil before the proper coolant mixture will. The coolant warning system is set for the proper coolant mixture. With plain water or the wrong mixture, the engine could get too hot but you would not get the overheat warning. The engine could catch fire and you or others could be burned. Use a 50/50 mixture of clean, drinkable water and DEX-COOL coolant.

Use a 50/50 mixture of clean, drinkable water and DEX-COOL coolant. If using this mixture, nothing else needs to be added. This mixture: . Gives freezing protection down

to −37°C (−34°F), outside temperature.

. Gives boiling protection up

to 129°C (265°F), engine temperature.

. Protects against rust and

corrosion.

. Will not damage aluminum parts. . Helps keep the proper engine

temperature.

Notice: If an improper coolant mixture is used, the engine could overheat and be badly damaged. The repair cost would not be covered by the vehicle warranty. Too much water in the mixture can freeze and crack the engine, radiator, heater core, and other parts.

Never dispose of engine coolant by putting it in the trash, pouring it on the ground, or into sewers, streams, or bodies of water. Have the coolant changed by an authorized service center, familiar with legal requirements regarding used coolant disposal. This will help protect the environment and your health. Checking Coolant The vehicle must be on a level surface when checking the coolant level. The engine coolant reservoir is located in the engine compartment on the driver side of the vehicle. See Engine Compartment Overview on page 10‑6. Check to see if coolant is visible in the surge tank. If the coolant inside the surge tank is boiling, do not do anything else until it cools down. If coolant is visible but the coolant level is not at or above the FULL COLD mark, add a 50/50 mixture of clean, drinkable water and

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DEX-COOL coolant at the coolant surge tank, but be sure the cooling system is cool before this is done. If the engine is warm or hot, the coolant level should be at or above the FROID/FULL COLD line on the side of the coolant surge tank. If the engine is cold, the coolant level should be near the FROID/FULL COLD line on the side of the coolant surge tank. If it is not, there could be a leak in the cooling system. How to Add Coolant to the Surge Tank

{ WARNING

You can be burned if you spill coolant on hot engine parts. Coolant contains ethylene glycol and it will burn if the engine parts are hot enough. Do not spill coolant on a hot engine.

Notice: This vehicle has a specific coolant fill procedure. Failure to follow this procedure could cause the engine to overheat and be severely damaged.

{ WARNING