2015 Buick Lacrosse Owners Manual

cap to cool.

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Vehicle Care

10-21

reaches the mark pointed to on the front of the coolant surge tank.

5. Replace the cap tightly. { Caution

If the pressure cap is not tightly installed, coolant loss and possible engine damage may occur. Be sure the cap is properly and tightly secured.

Engine Overheating There is a coolant temperature gauge and a engine coolant temperature warning light on the instrument cluster that indicate an overheated engine condition. See Engine Coolant Temperature Gauge on page 5-13 and Engine Coolant Temperature Warning Light on page 5-22.

The coolant surge tank pressure cap can be removed when the cooling system, including the surge tank pressure cap and upper radiator hose, is no longer hot. 1. Turn the pressure cap slowly counterclockwise. If a hiss is heard, wait for that to stop. A hiss means there is still some pressure left.

2. Keep turning the cap and

remove it.

3. Fill the coolant surge tank with the proper mixture to the mark pointed to on the front of the coolant surge tank.

4. With the coolant surge tank cap off, start the engine and let it run until the upper radiator hose starts getting hot. Watch out for the engine cooling fans. By this time, the coolant level inside the coolant surge tank may be lower. If the level is lower, add more of the proper mixture to the coolant surge tank until the level

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Vehicle Care

If the decision is made not to lift the hood when this warning appears, get service help right away. See Roadside Assistance Program on page 13-5. If the decision is made to lift the hood, make sure the vehicle is parked on a level surface. Then check to see if the engine cooling fans are running. If the engine is overheating, the fans should be running. If not, do not continue to run the engine and have the vehicle serviced.

{ Caution

Running the engine without coolant may cause damage or a fire. Vehicle damage would not be covered by the vehicle warranty.

If Steam Is Coming from the Engine Compartment See Overheated Engine Protection Operating Mode on page 10-23 for information on driving to a safe place in an emergency. If No Steam Is Coming from the Engine Compartment If an engine overheat warning is displayed but no steam can be seen or heard, the problem might not be too serious. Sometimes the engine can get a little too hot when the vehicle: . Climbs a long hill on a hot day. . Stops after high-speed driving. Idles for long periods in traffic. Tows a trailer.

If the overheat warning displays with no sign of steam: 1. Turn the air conditioning off. 2. Turn the heater on to the highest

temperature and to the highest fan speed. Open the windows as necessary.

3. When it is safe to do so, pull off

the road, shift to P (Park) or N (Neutral), and let the engine idle.

If the temperature overheat gauge is no longer in the overheat zone or an engine coolant temperature warning light no longer displays, the vehicle can be driven. Continue to drive the vehicle slowly for about 10 minutes. Keep a safe vehicle distance from the vehicle in front. If the warning does not come back on, continue to drive normally and have the cooling system checked for proper fill and function.

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The engine coolant temperature warning light comes on the instrument panel, to indicate the vehicle has entered overheated engine protection operating mode. The temperature gauge also indicates an overheat condition exists. Driving extended distances and/or towing a trailer in the overheat protection mode should be avoided.

Power Steering Fluid (2.4L L4 Engine and 3.6L V6 Engine with FWD) The vehicle has electric power steering and does not use power steering fluid.

If the warning continues, pull over, stop, and park the vehicle right away. If there is no sign of steam, idle the engine for three minutes while parked. If the warning is still displayed, turn off the engine until it cools down. Also, see Overheated Engine Protection Operating Mode on page 10-23.

Overheated Engine Protection Operating Mode This emergency operating mode allows the vehicle to be driven to a safe place in an emergency situation. If an overheated engine condition exists, an overheat protection mode which alternates firing groups of cylinders helps prevent engine damage. In this mode, there is significant loss in power and engine performance.

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10-23

Power Steering Fluid (3.6L V6 Engine with AWD)

See Engine Compartment Overview on page 10-6 for information on the location of the power steering fluid reservoir. When to Check Power Steering Fluid It is not necessary to regularly check power steering fluid unless a leak is suspected in the system or an unusual noise is heard. A fluid loss in this system could indicate a problem. Have the system inspected and repaired.

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Vehicle Care

How to Check Power Steering Fluid Check the level when the engine is cool. To check the power steering fluid: 1. Wipe the cap and the top of the

reservoir clean.

2. Unscrew the cap and pull it

straight up.

3. Wipe the dipstick with a

clean rag.

4. Replace the cap and completely

tighten it.

5. Remove the cap again and look at the fluid level on the dipstick.

Washer Fluid

What to Use When windshield washer fluid is needed, be sure to read the manufacturer's instructions before use. If operating the vehicle in an area where the temperature may fall below freezing, use a fluid that has sufficient protection against freezing. Adding Washer Fluid

Open the cap with the washer symbol on it. Add washer fluid until the tank is full. See Engine Compartment Overview on page 10-6 for reservoir location.

The fluid level should be between MIN and MAX on the dipstick. What to Use To determine what kind of fluid to use, see Recommended Fluids and Lubricants on page 11-12. Always use the proper fluid.

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{ Caution

. Do not use engine coolant

(antifreeze) in the windshield washer. It can damage the windshield washer system and paint.

. Do not mix water with

ready-to-use washer fluid. Water can cause the solution to freeze and damage the washer fluid tank and other parts of the washer system.

. When using concentrated

washer fluid, follow the manufacturer instructions for adding water.

. Fill the washer fluid tank only

three-quarters full when it is very cold. This allows for fluid expansion if freezing occurs, which could damage the tank if it is completely full.

Brakes Disc brake pads have built-in wear indicators that make a high-pitched warning sound when the brake pads are worn and new pads are needed. The sound can come and go or be heard all the time when the vehicle is moving, except when applying the brake pedal firmly.

{ Warning

The brake wear warning sound means that soon the brakes will not work well. That could lead to a crash. When the brake wear warning sound is heard, have the vehicle serviced.

{ Caution

Continuing to drive with worn-out brake pads could result in costly brake repair.

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10-25

Some driving conditions or climates can cause a brake squeal when the brakes are first applied or lightly applied. This does not mean something is wrong with the brakes. Properly torqued wheel nuts are necessary to help prevent brake pulsation. When tires are rotated, inspect brake pads for wear and evenly tighten wheel nuts in the proper sequence to torque specifications. See Capacities and Specifications on page 12-2. Brake pads should be replaced as complete sets. Brake Pedal Travel See your dealer if the brake pedal does not return to normal height, or if there is a rapid increase in pedal travel. This could be a sign that brake service may be required.

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Vehicle Care

Replacing Brake System Parts Always replace brake system parts with new, approved replacement parts. If this is not done, the brakes may not work properly. The braking performance expected can change in many other ways if the wrong replacement brake parts are installed or parts are improperly installed.

Brake Fluid

The brake master cylinder reservoir is filled with DOT 3 brake fluid as indicated on the reservoir cap. See Engine Compartment Overview on page 10-6 for the location of the reservoir.

There are only two reasons why the brake fluid level in the reservoir might go down:

The brake fluid level goes down because of normal brake lining wear. When new linings are installed, the fluid level goes back up.

. A fluid leak in the brake

hydraulic system can also cause a low fluid level. Have the brake hydraulic system fixed, since a leak means that sooner or later the brakes will not work well.

Do not top off the brake fluid. Adding fluid does not correct a leak. If fluid is added when the linings are worn, there will be too much fluid when new brake linings are installed. Add or remove brake fluid, as necessary, only when work is done on the brake hydraulic system.

{ Warning

If too much brake fluid is added, it can spill on the engine and burn, if the engine is hot enough. You or others could be burned, and the vehicle could be damaged. Add brake fluid only when work is done on the brake hydraulic system.

When the brake fluid falls to a low level, the brake warning light comes on. See Brake System Warning Light on page 5-19.

What to Add Use only new DOT 3 brake fluid from a sealed container. See Recommended Fluids and Lubricants on page 11-12. Always clean the brake fluid reservoir cap and the area around the cap before removing it. This helps keep dirt from entering the reservoir.

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{ Warning

With the wrong kind of fluid in the brake hydraulic system, the brakes might not work well. This could cause a crash. Always use the proper brake fluid.

{ Caution

. Using the wrong fluid can

badly damage brake hydraulic system parts. For example, just a few drops of mineral-based oil, such as engine oil, in the brake hydraulic system can damage brake hydraulic system parts so badly that they will have to be replaced. Do not let someone put in the wrong kind of fluid.

(Continued)

Caution (Continued)

. If brake fluid is spilled on the

vehicle's painted surfaces, the paint finish can be damaged. Be careful not to spill brake fluid on the vehicle. If you do, wash it off immediately.

Battery The original equipment battery is maintenance free. Do not remove the cap and do not add fluid. This vehicle has a standard 12-volt battery. Refer to the replacement number on the original battery label when a new standard 12-volt battery is needed. eAssist vehicles also have a high voltage battery. Only a trained service technician with the proper knowledge and tools should inspect, test, or replace the high voltage battery. See your dealer if the high voltage battery needs service. The

Vehicle Care

10-27

dealer has information on how to recycle the high voltage battery. There is also information available at http://www.recyclemybattery.com.

The eAssist system high voltage battery is cooled with air drawn from the vehicle interior. The cold air intake for the battery is behind the rear seat, on the filler panel. Do not cover the intake.

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Vehicle Care

{ Warning

Battery posts, terminals, and related accessories contain lead and lead compounds, chemicals known to the State of California to cause cancer and reproductive harm. Wash hands after handling.

Vehicle Storage

{ Warning

Batteries have acid that can burn you and gas that can explode. You can be badly hurt if you are not careful. See Jump Starting (On-board with eAssist Only) on page 10-78 or Jump Starting (with or without eAssist) on page 10-79
for tips on working around a battery without getting hurt.

Infrequent Usage: Remove the 12-volt battery black, negative (−) cable from the battery to keep the battery from running down. Extended Storage: Remove the 12-volt battery black, negative (−) cable from the battery or use a battery trickle charger. Remember to reconnect the battery when ready to drive the vehicle.

All-Wheel Drive

Transfer Case Under normal driving conditions, transfer case fluid does not require changing or checking unless there is a fluid leak or unusual noise. If required, have the transfer case serviced by your dealer.

Starter Switch Check

{ Warning When you are doing this inspection, the vehicle could move suddenly. If the vehicle moves, you or others could be injured.

1. Before starting this check, be

sure there is enough room around the vehicle.

2. Apply both the parking brake

and the regular brake. Do not use the accelerator pedal, and be ready to turn off the engine immediately if it starts.

3. Try to start the engine in each gear. The vehicle should start only in P (Park) or N (Neutral). If the vehicle starts in any other position, contact your dealer for service.

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Automatic Transmission Shift Lock Control Function Check

{ Warning When you are doing this inspection, the vehicle could move suddenly. If the vehicle moves, you or others could be injured.

1. Before starting this check, be

sure there is enough room around the vehicle. It should be parked on a level surface.

2. Apply the parking brake. Be

ready to apply the regular brake immediately if the vehicle begins to move.

3. With the engine off, turn the

ignition on, but do not start the engine. Without applying the regular brake, try to move the shift lever out of P (Park) with normal effort. If the shift lever moves out of P (Park), contact your dealer for service.

Ignition Transmission Lock Check If equipped with a key type ignition, while parked and with the parking brake set, try to turn the ignition to LOCK/OFF in each shift lever position.

The ignition should turn to LOCK/OFF only when the shift lever is in P (Park). The ignition key should come out only in LOCK/OFF.

Contact your dealer if service is required.

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10-29

Park Brake and P (Park) Mechanism Check { Warning

When you are doing this check, the vehicle could begin to move. You or others could be injured and property could be damaged. Make sure there is room in front of the vehicle in case it begins to roll. Be ready to apply the regular brake at once should the vehicle begin to move.

Park on a fairly steep hill, with the vehicle facing downhill. Keeping your foot on the regular brake, set the parking brake.

To check the parking brake's holding ability: With the engine running and the transmission in N (Neutral), slowly remove foot pressure from the regular brake pedal. Do this until the vehicle is held by the parking brake only.

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Vehicle Care

To check the P (Park) mechanism's holding ability: With the engine running, shift to P (Park). Then release the parking brake followed by the regular brake.

Contact your dealer if service is required.

Wiper Blade Replacement Windshield wiper blades should be inspected for wear and cracking. See Maintenance Schedule on page 11-2 for more information. Replacement blades come in different types and are removed in different ways. For proper type and length, see Maintenance Replacement Parts on page 11-13.

4. Remove the wiper blade.

Allowing the wiper blade arm to touch the windshield when no wiper blade is installed could damage the windshield. Any damage that occurs would not be covered by the vehicle warranty. Do not allow the wiper blade to touch the windshield.

5. Reverse Steps 1–3 for wiper

blade replacement.

Windshield Replacement The windshield is part of the HUD system. If the vehicle has to have the windshield replaced, get one that is designed for HUD or the HUD image may look out of focus.

To replace the windshield wiper blade: 1. Pull the windshield wiper assembly away from the windshield.

2. Lift up on the latch in the middle

of the wiper blade where the wiper arm attaches.

3. With the latch open, pull the wiper blade down toward the windshield far enough to release it from the J-hooked end of the wiper arm.

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Headlamp Aiming Headlamp aim has been preset and should need no further adjustment. If the vehicle is damaged in a crash, the headlamp aim may be affected. If adjustment to the headlamps is necessary, see your dealer.

Bulb Replacement For the proper type of replacement bulbs, see Replacement Bulbs on page 10-34. For any bulb changing procedure not listed in this section, contact your dealer.

Halogen Bulbs

{ Warning

Halogen bulbs have pressurized gas inside and can burst if you drop or scratch the bulb. You or others could be injured. Be sure to read and follow the instructions on the bulb package.

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10-31

High Intensity Discharge (HID) Lighting

{ Warning

The high intensity discharge lighting system operates at a very high voltage. If you try to service any of the system components, you could be seriously injured. Have your dealer or a qualified technician service them.

After an HID headlamp bulb has been replaced, the beam might be a slightly different shade than it was originally. This is normal.

LED Lighting This vehicle has several LED lamps. For replacement of any LED lighting assembly, contact your dealer.

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Vehicle Care

Headlamps, Front Turn Signal and Parking Lamps

Base Headlamp Assembly The base model vehicle has a halogen high/low-beam headlamp, parking lamp, and a turn signal lamp on the headlamp assembly. For replacement of the turn signal lamp bulb on an eAssist vehicle, contact your dealer.

1. Headlamp 2. Turn Signal Lamp

To replace one of these bulbs: 1. Open the hood. See Hood on

2.

3.

page 10-5. If replacing a headlamp bulb, remove the dust cover from the back of the headlamp housing by turning counterclockwise one-quarter turn. If replacing a turn signal lamp bulb on a non-eAssist vehicle, remove the close out panel push pins and close out panel covering the bulb socket.

4. Remove the bulb socket from

the headlamp by turning counterclockwise one-quarter turn.

5. Remove the bulb from the

socket. If replacing the high/ low-beam bulb, pry the two clips on either end of the bulb and pull straight out.

6. Reverse Steps 1–5 to install.

Uplevel Headlamp Assembly The uplevel model vehicle has a high intensity discharge (HID) high/ low beam, DRL/parking lamp, and a turn signal lamp on the headlamp assembly. See High Intensity Discharge (HID) Lighting on page 10-31.

To replace one of these bulbs: 1. Open the hood. See Hood on

page 10-5.

2. Turn the bulb socket

counterclockwise to remove it from the headlamp assembly.

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License Plate Lamp The license plate lamps for this vehicle are on the trunk lid. To replace one of these bulbs: 1. Open the trunk. See Trunk on

page 2-13.

3. Pull the bulb straight out from

the socket.

To replace one of these lamps: 1. Open the trunk. See Trunk on

4. Reverse Steps 1–3 to install.

page 2-13.

Taillamps, Turn Signal, Stoplamps, and Back-Up Lamps

2. Remove the fasteners and pull

back the trunk trim.

3. Remove the four plastic wing

nuts holding the taillamp assembly in place.

4. Pull out the taillamp assembly

and disconnect the wiring harness.

5. Turn the bulb socket

counterclockwise to remove it. 6. Pull the old bulb straight out of

the bulb socket.

7. Reverse Steps 1–6 to install.

1. Back-Up Lamp 2. Turn Signal Lamp

2. Push the end on either of the lamp assemblies (passenger side shown) and then move the lamp assembly down to remove it from the trunk lid.

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Vehicle Care

Replacement Bulbs

Electrical System

Exterior Lamp

Back-Up Lamp

Front Turn Signal Lamp Headlamp High Beam (Base) Headlamp Low Beam (Base) License Plate Lamp Rear Turn Signal

Bulb

Number 921LL (W16W) 7444NA

HIR2

HIR2

W5WLL 7443NA (WY21W)

For replacement bulbs not listed here, contact your dealer.

High Voltage Devices and Wiring

{ Warning

Exposure to high voltage can cause shock, burns, and even death. The high voltage components in the vehicle can only be serviced by technicians with special training. High voltage components are identified by labels. Do not remove, open, take apart, or modify these components. High voltage cable or wiring has orange covering. Do not probe, tamper with, cut, or modify high voltage cable or wiring.

3. Turn the bulb socket (1)

counterclockwise to remove it from the lamp assembly (3).

4. Pull the bulb (2) straight out of

the bulb socket.

5. Push the replacement bulb

straight into the bulb socket and turn the bulb socket clockwise to install it into the lamp assembly.

6. Move the lamp assembly into the trunk lid, engaging the clip side first.

7. Push on the lamp side opposite the clip until the lamp assembly snaps into place.

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Electrical System Overload The vehicle has fuses and circuit breakers to protect against an electrical system overload. When the current electrical load is too heavy, the circuit breaker opens and closes, protecting the circuit until the current load returns to normal or the problem is fixed. This greatly reduces the chance of circuit overload and fire caused by electrical problems. Fuses and circuit breakers protect power devices in the vehicle. Replace a bad fuse with a new one of the identical size and rating. If there is a problem on the road and a fuse needs to be replaced, the same amperage fuse can be borrowed. Choose some feature of the vehicle that is not needed to use and replace it as soon as possible.

Headlamp Wiring An electrical overload may cause the lamps to go on and off, or in some cases to remain off. Have the headlamp wiring checked right away if the lamps go on and off or remain off. Windshield Wipers If the wiper motor overheats due to heavy snow or ice, the windshield wipers will stop until the motor cools and will then restart. Although the circuit is protected from electrical overload, overload due to heavy snow or ice may cause wiper linkage damage. Always clear ice and heavy snow from the windshield before using the windshield wipers. If the overload is caused by an electrical problem and not snow or ice, be sure to get it fixed.

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10-35

Fuses and Circuit Breakers The wiring circuits in the vehicle are protected from short circuits by a combination of fuses and circuit breakers. This greatly reduces the chance of damage caused by electrical problems. To check a fuse, look at the silver-colored band inside the fuse. If the band is broken or melted, replace the fuse. Be sure to replace a bad fuse with a new one of the identical size and rating. Fuses of the same amperage can be temporarily borrowed from another fuse location, if a fuse goes out. Replace the fuse as soon as possible. To identify and check fuses, circuit breakers, and relays, see Engine Compartment Fuse Block on page 10-36 and Instrument Panel Fuse Block on page 10-40.

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Vehicle Care

Engine Compartment Fuse Block

To remove the fuse block cover, squeeze the three retaining clips on the cover and lift it straight up.

{ Caution

Spilling liquid on any electrical component on the vehicle may damage it. Always keep the covers on any electrical component.

The vehicle may not be equipped with all of the fuses, relays, and features shown.

Usage

J-Case Fuses

12

Wiper Starter

J-Case Fuses

21

22
24

Usage

Rear Power Windows Sunroof Front Power Windows

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J-Case Fuses

25
26

27

28

41

42
43
44

45
59

Usage

Mini Fuses

Rear Heated Seats Antilock Brake System Pump Electric Parking Brake Rear Window Defogger Brake Vacuum Pump Cooling Fan K2
Not Used Transmission Auxiliary Oil Pump (eAssist) Cooling Fan K1
AIR Pump

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10-37

Mini Fuses

10

11

13

Usage Engine Control Module – Switched Battery (from Engine Control Module Relay) Six Cylinder Engine: Post Catalytic Converter Oxygen Sensor Heater, Mass Air Flow Sensor, FlexFuel Sensor, Secondary Air Induction Solenoid Crank for Transmission Control Module/Fuel Pump Power/ Chassis Control Module (eAssist)

Usage Transmission Control Module — Battery Engine Control Module Battery Air Conditioning Compressor Clutch Engine Control Module Run/Crank Long Range Radar/ Front Camera Ignition Coils – Even (Six Cylinder Engine), Ignition Coils – All (Four Cylinder Engine) Ignition Coils – Odd (Six Cylinder Engine)

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Vehicle Care

Mini Fuses

14

15

16

17
18

20

Usage Cabin Heater Coolant Pump (eAssist)/Secondary Air Injector/ Secondary Air Injector with Pressure Sensor Motor Generator Unit Coolant Pump (eAssist) Run/Crank for eAssist Power Inverter Module Not Used Sunshade Module, Vehicle Air Purification System, Ventilated Seats Heated Steering Wheel (non eAssist)

Mini Fuses

23

29

30

31

32

33

34

35
36

Usage Variable Effort Steering (if equipped) or eAssist Power Inverter Module Heated Seat, Left/ Power Lumbar Heated Seat, Right/ Power Pack Cooling Fan (eAssist) All-Wheel Drive, Electronic Suspension Control Body Control Module 6
Memory Seat – Front Antilock Brake System Valves Amplifier Adaptive Forward Lighting (AFL) Motors – Battery

Mini Fuses

Usage

37
38
46
47

48
49

50

51

Right High Beam Left High Beam Cooling Fan Relay Six Cylinder Engine: Pre Catalytic Converter Oxygen Sensor Heater, Canister Purge Solenoid. Four Cylinder Engine: Pre and Post Catalytic Converter Oxygen Sensor Heaters, Canister Purge Solenoid Fog Lamps Right High Intensity Discharge Headlamp Left High Intensity Discharge Headlamp Horn

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Mini Fuses

Usage

Mini Fuses

52
53

54

55

56
60
62
64

65

Cluster Run/Crank Run/Crank for Inside Rearview Mirror, Rear Vision Camera, Air Quality Sensor, Aero Shutter Motor Run/Crank for: Heating, Ventilation and Air Conditioning, Headlamp Switch Outside Rearview Mirror, Universal Remote System, Front Window Switches Windshield Washer Heated Mirror Canister Vent Adaptive Forward Lighting (AFL) Module – Battery Not Used

66

67

69

70

71

Mini Relays

13
15
16
17

Usage AIR Solenoid (eAssist) Fuel Pump Power Module/Chassis Control Module Regulated Voltage Control Sensor Parking Assist/Side Blind Zone Passive Entry/ Passive Start

Usage Engine Control Module Cooling Fan Cooling Fan Run/Crank AIR Pump Rear Window Defogger

Vehicle Care

10-39

Micro Relays

Usage

10
14

Air Conditioning Compressor Clutch Starter Wiper Speed Wiper Control Cabin Heater Coolant Pump (eAssist)/Secondary Air Injector/ Secondary Air Injector with Pressure Sensor Cooling Fan Headlamp Low Beam

Ultra Micro

Relays

11

Usage

Transmission Auxiliary Oil Pump (eAssist)

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Vehicle Care

Instrument Panel Fuse Block

The instrument panel fuse block is located in the instrument panel, on the driver side of the vehicle. To access the fuses, open the fuse panel door by pulling down at the top. Press in on the sides of the door to release it from the instrument panel.

Pull the door toward you to release it from the hinge.

The vehicle may not be equipped with all of the fuses, relays, and features shown.

Fuses

Usage

APO 3
Body Control Module 7
Steering Wheel Controls Backlight Radio/Human Machine Interface/ Rear Auxiliary Audio Jack/Front Auxiliary Audio Video Jack/ Touchpad/Remote Media Player/ Blu–ray Remote Media Player OnStar/Universal Hands–Free Phone Power Outlet 1
Power Outlet 2
Body Control Module 1

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Fuses

10

11

12

13

14

15

16
17

Usage Body Control Module 4
Body Control Module 8
(J-Case Fuse) Front Heater Ventilation Air Conditioning/Blower (J-Case Fuse) Passenger Seat (Circuit Breaker) Driver Seat (Circuit Breaker) Diagnostic Link Connector Airbag/Automatic Occupant Sensing Trunk Heater Ventilation Air Conditioning Controller

Vehicle Care

10-41

Fuses

Usage

Fuses

Usage

25

26

Rear Heater Ventilation Air Conditioning/Blower AC/DC Inverter

Relays

Usage

R1
R2
R3

Trunk Relay Not Used Power Outlet Relay

18

19

20

21
22

23

24

Pre-Fuse for Fuses 4 and 5
Center Stack Displays, Head-Up Display, Right Steering Wheel Control Switch, Rear Seat Infotainment Display (eAssist), HVAC Center Stack Displays Rear Seat Entertainment Display/Rear Seat Audio Instrument Cluster Discrete Logic Ignition Switch Body Control Module 3
Body Control Module 2

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Vehicle Care

Wheels and Tires

Tires Every new GM vehicle has high-quality tires made by a leading tire manufacturer. See the warranty manual for information regarding the tire warranty and where to get service. For additional information refer to the tire manufacturer.

{ Warning

. Poorly maintained and

improperly used tires are dangerous.

. Overloading the tires can

cause overheating as a result of too much flexing. There could be a blowout

(Continued)

Warning (Continued)

Warning (Continued)

and a serious crash. See Vehicle Load Limits on page 9-10.

. Underinflated tires pose

the same danger as overloaded tires. The resulting crash could cause serious injury. Check all tires frequently to maintain the recommended pressure. Tire pressure should be checked when the tires are cold.

. Overinflated tires are more likely to be cut, punctured, or broken by a sudden impact — such as when hitting a pothole. Keep tires at the recommended pressure.

(Continued)

. Worn or old tires can

cause a crash. If the tread is badly worn, replace them.

. Replace any tires that

have been damaged by impacts with potholes, curbs, etc.

. Improperly repaired tires can cause a crash. Only the dealer or an authorized tire service center should repair, replace, dismount, and mount the tires.

. Do not spin the tires in

excess of 56 km/h (35 mph) on slippery surfaces such as snow, mud, ice, etc. Excessive spinning may cause the tires to explode.

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See Tire Pressure for High-Speed Operation on page 10-51 for inflation pressure adjustment for high-speed driving.

All-Season Tires This vehicle may come with all-season tires. These tires are designed to provide good overall performance on most road surfaces and weather conditions. Original equipment tires designed to GM's specific tire performance criteria have a TPC specification code molded onto the sidewall. Original equipment all-season tires can be identified by the last two characters of this TPC code, which will be “MS.” Consider installing winter tires on the vehicle if frequent driving on snow or ice-covered roads is expected. All-season tires provide adequate performance for most winter driving conditions, but they may not offer the same level of

traction or performance as winter tires on snow or ice-covered roads. See Winter Tires on page 10-43.

Winter Tires This vehicle was not originally equipped with winter tires. Winter tires are designed for increased traction on snow and ice-covered roads. Consider installing winter tires on the vehicle if frequent driving on ice or snow covered roads is expected. See your dealer for details regarding winter tire availability and proper tire selection. Also, see Buying New Tires on page 10-58. With winter tires, there may be decreased dry road traction, increased road noise, and shorter tread life. After changing to winter tires, be alert for changes in vehicle handling and braking. If using winter tires: . Use tires of the same brand and

tread type on all four wheel positions.

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. Use only radial ply tires of the

same size, load range, and speed rating as the original equipment tires.

Winter tires with the same speed rating as the original equipment tires may not be available for H, V, W, Y, and ZR speed rated tires. If winter tires with a lower speed rating are chosen, never exceed the tire's maximum speed capability.

Summer Tires This vehicle may come with high performance summer tires. These tires have a special tread and compound that are optimized for maximum dry and wet road performance. This special tread and compound will have decreased performance in cold climates, and on ice and snow. We recommend installing winter tires on the vehicle if frequent driving at temperatures below approximately 5°C (40°F) or on ice or snow covered roads is expected. See Winter Tires on page 10-43.

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Vehicle Care

Tire Sidewall Labeling Useful information about a tire is molded into its sidewall. The examples show a typical passenger vehicle tire and a compact spare tire sidewall.

Passenger (P-Metric) Tire Example (1) Tire Size: The tire size is a combination of letters and numbers used to define a particular tire's width, height, aspect ratio, construction type,

and service description. See the “Tire Size” illustration later in this section. (2) TPC Spec (Tire Performance Criteria Specification): Original equipment tires designed to GM's specific tire performance criteria have a TPC specification code molded onto the sidewall. GM's TPC specifications meet or exceed all federal safety guidelines. (3) DOT (Department of Transportation): The Department of Transportation (DOT) code indicates that the tire is in compliance with the U.S. Department of Transportation Motor Vehicle Safety Standards.

DOT Tire Date of Manufacture: The last four digits of the TIN indicate the tire manufactured date. The first two digits represent the week (01– 52) and the last two digits, the year. For example, the third week of the year 2010 would have a four-digit DOT date of 0310. (4) Tire Identification Number (TIN): The letters and numbers following the DOT (Department of Transportation) code are the Tire Identification Number (TIN). The TIN shows the manufacturer and plant code, tire size, and date the tire was manufactured. The TIN is molded onto both sides of the tire, although only one side may have the date of manufacture.

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(5) Tire Ply Material: The type of cord and number of plies in the sidewall and under the tread. (6) Uniform Tire Quality Grading (UTQG): Tire manufacturers are required to grade tires based on three performance factors: treadwear, traction, and temperature resistance. For more information see Uniform Tire Quality Grading on page 10-60. (7) Maximum Cold Inflation Load Limit: Maximum load that can be carried and the maximum pressure needed to support that load.

Compact Spare Tire Example (1) Tire Ply Material: The type of cord and number of plies in the sidewall and under the tread.

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(2) Temporary Use Only: The compact spare tire or temporary use tire should not be driven at speeds over 80 km/h (50 mph). The compact spare tire is for emergency use when a regular road tire has lost air and gone flat. If the vehicle has a compact spare tire, see Compact Spare Tire on page 10-77 and If a Tire Goes Flat on page 10-63. (3) Tire Identification Number (TIN): The letters and numbers following the DOT (Department of Transportation) code are the Tire Identification Number (TIN). The TIN shows the manufacturer and plant code, tire size, and date the tire was manufactured. The TIN is molded onto both sides of the tire, although only one side may have the date of manufacture.

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Vehicle Care

(4) Maximum Cold Inflation Load Limit: Maximum load that can be carried and the maximum pressure needed to support that load. (5) Tire Inflation: The temporary use tire or compact spare tire should be inflated to 420 kPa (60 psi). For more information on tire pressure and inflation see Tire Pressure on page 10-50. (6) Tire Size: A combination of letters and numbers define a tire's width, height, aspect ratio, construction type, and service description. The letter T as the first character in the tire size means the tire is for temporary use only. (7) TPC Spec (Tire Performance Criteria Specification): Original equipment tires designed to GM's specific tire performance

criteria have a TPC specification code molded onto the sidewall. GM's TPC specifications meet or exceed all federal safety guidelines.

Tire Designations

Tire Size The following is an example of a typical passenger vehicle tire size.

(1) Passenger (P-Metric) Tire: The United States version of a metric tire sizing system. The letter P as the first character in the tire size means a passenger

vehicle tire engineered to standards set by the U.S. Tire and Rim Association. (2) Tire Width: The three-digit number indicates the tire section width in millimeters from sidewall to sidewall. (3) Aspect Ratio: A two-digit number that indicates the tire height-to-width measurements. For example, if the tire size aspect ratio is 60, as shown in item 3 of the illustration, it would mean that the tire's sidewall is 60 percent as high as it is wide. (4) Construction Code: A letter code is used to indicate the type of ply construction in the tire. The letter R means radial ply construction; the letter D means diagonal or bias ply construction; and the letter B means belted-bias ply construction.

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(5) Rim Diameter: Diameter of the wheel in inches. (6) Service Description: These characters represent the load index and speed rating of the tire. The load index represents the load carrying capacity a tire is certified to carry. The speed rating is the maximum speed a tire is certified to carry a load.

Tire Terminology and Definitions Air Pressure: The amount of air inside the tire pressing outward on each square inch of the tire. Air pressure is expressed in kPa (kilopascal) or psi (pounds per square inch). Accessory Weight: The combined weight of optional accessories. Some examples of optional accessories are

automatic transmission, power windows, power seats, and air conditioning. Aspect Ratio: The relationship of a tire's height to its width. Belt: A rubber coated layer of cords between the plies and the tread. Cords may be made from steel or other reinforcing materials. Bead: The tire bead contains steel wires wrapped by steel cords that hold the tire onto the rim. Bias Ply Tire: A pneumatic tire in which the plies are laid at alternate angles less than 90 degrees to the centerline of the tread. Cold Tire Pressure: The amount of air pressure in a tire, measured in kPa (kilopascal) or psi (pounds per square inch)

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before a tire has built up heat from driving. See Tire Pressure on page 10-50. Curb Weight: The weight of a motor vehicle with standard and optional equipment including the maximum capacity of fuel, oil, and coolant, but without passengers and cargo. DOT Markings: A code molded into the sidewall of a tire signifying that the tire is in compliance with the U.S. Department of Transportation (DOT) Motor Vehicle Safety Standards. The DOT code includes the Tire Identification Number (TIN), an alphanumeric designator which can also identify the tire manufacturer, production plant, brand, and date of production. GVWR: Gross Vehicle Weight Rating. See Vehicle Load Limits on page 9-10.

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GAWR FRT: Gross Axle Weight Rating for the front axle. See Vehicle Load Limits on page 9-10. GAWR RR: Gross Axle Weight Rating for the rear axle. See Vehicle Load Limits on page 9-10. Intended Outboard Sidewall: The side of an asymmetrical tire that must always face outward when mounted on a vehicle. Kilopascal (kPa): The metric unit for air pressure. Light Truck (LT-Metric) Tire: A tire used on light duty trucks and some multipurpose passenger vehicles. Load Index: An assigned number ranging from 1 to 279
that corresponds to the load carrying capacity of a tire.

Maximum Inflation Pressure: The maximum air pressure to which a cold tire can be inflated. The maximum air pressure is molded onto the sidewall. Maximum Load Rating: The load rating for a tire at the maximum permissible inflation pressure for that tire. Maximum Loaded Vehicle Weight: The sum of curb weight, accessory weight, vehicle capacity weight, and production options weight. Normal Occupant Weight: The number of occupants a vehicle is designed to seat multiplied by 68 kg (150 lb). See Vehicle Load Limits on page 9-10. Occupant Distribution: Designated seating positions. Outward Facing Sidewall: The side of an asymmetrical tire that has a particular side that faces

outward when mounted on a vehicle. The side of the tire that contains a whitewall, bears white lettering, or bears manufacturer, brand, and/or model name molding that is higher or deeper than the same moldings on the other sidewall of the tire. Passenger (P-Metric) Tire: A tire used on passenger cars and some light duty trucks and multipurpose vehicles. Recommended Inflation Pressure: Vehicle manufacturer's recommended tire inflation pressure as shown on the tire placard. See Tire Pressure on page 10-50 and Vehicle Load Limits on page 9-10.

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Radial Ply Tire: A pneumatic tire in which the ply cords that extend to the beads are laid at 90 degrees to the centerline of the tread. Rim: A metal support for a tire and upon which the tire beads are seated. Sidewall: The portion of a tire between the tread and the bead. Speed Rating: An alphanumeric code assigned to a tire indicating the maximum speed at which a tire can operate. Traction: The friction between the tire and the road surface. The amount of grip provided. Tread: The portion of a tire that comes into contact with the road.

Treadwear Indicators: Narrow bands, sometimes called wear bars, that show across the tread of a tire when only 1.6 mm (1/16 in) of tread remains. See When It Is Time for New Tires on page 10-57. UTQGS (Uniform Tire Quality Grading Standards): A tire information system that provides consumers with ratings for a tire's traction, temperature, and treadwear. Ratings are determined by tire manufacturers using government testing procedures. The ratings are molded into the sidewall of the tire. See Uniform Tire Quality Grading on page 10-60.

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Vehicle Capacity Weight: The number of designated seating positions multiplied by 68 kg (150 lb) plus the rated cargo load. See Vehicle Load Limits on page 9-10. Vehicle Maximum Load on the Tire: Load on an individual tire due to curb weight, accessory weight, occupant weight, and cargo weight. Vehicle Placard: A label permanently attached to a vehicle showing the vehicle capacity weight and the original equipment tire size and recommended inflation pressure. See “Tire and Loading Information Label” under Vehicle Load Limits on page 9-10.

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Tire Pressure Tires need the correct amount of air pressure to operate effectively.

{ Caution

Neither tire underinflation nor overinflation is good. Underinflated tires, or tires that do not have enough air, can result in:

. Tire overloading and

overheating which could lead to a blowout.

. Premature or irregular wear. . Poor handling. . Reduced fuel economy.

(Continued)

Caution (Continued)

Overinflated tires, or tires that have too much air, can result in:

. Unusual wear. . Poor handling. . Rough ride. . Needless damage from

road hazards.

The Tire and Loading Information label on the vehicle indicates the original equipment