2010 Buick Lacrosse Owners Manual

use the following procedure. The vehicle should be properly prepared as follows:

The vehicle should be placed so the headlamps are 7.6 m (25 ft.) from a light colored wall. The vehicle must have all four tires on a level surface which is level all the way to the wall.

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Vehicle Care

The vehicle should be placed so it is perpendicular to the wall or other flat surface. The vehicle should not have any snow, ice, or mud on it. The vehicle should be fully assembled and all other work stopped while headlamp aiming is being performed. The vehicle should be normally loaded with a full tank of fuel and one person or 75 kg (160 lbs) sitting in the driver's seat. Tires should be properly inflated.

Headlamp aiming is done with the vehicle's low-beam headlamps. The high-beam headlamps will be correctly aimed if the low-beam headlamps are aimed properly. To adjust the vertical aim, do the following: 1. Open the hood. See Hood on

page 9‑5 .

Base

Up-Level

2. Locate the aim dot on the lens of

the low‐beam headlamp.

3. Measure the distance from the

ground to the aim dot on the low‐beam headlamp. Record the distance.

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Base

5. Draw or tape a horizontal line (B)

on the wall the width of the vehicle at the height of the mark in Step 4.

Notice: Do not cover a headlamp to improve beam cut-off when aiming. Covering a headlamp may cause excessive heat build-up which may cause damage to the headlamp. 6. Turn on the low-beam

headlamps and place a piece of cardboard or equivalent in front of the headlamp not being adjusted. This allows only the beam of light from the headlamp being adjusted to be seen on the flat surface.

4. At the wall measure from the

ground upward (A) to the recorded distance from Step 3 and mark it.

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Vehicle Care

Up-Level

7. Locate the vertical headlamp

aiming screws, which are under the hood near each headlamp assembly. The adjustment screw can be turned with a E8 Torx® socket. 8. Turn the vertical aiming screw

until the headlamp beam is aimed to the horizontal tape line. Turn it clockwise or counterclockwise to raise or lower the angle of the beam.

9. Make sure that the light from the

headlamp is positioned at the bottom edge of the horizontal tape line. The lamp on the left (A) shows the correct headlamp aim. The lamp on the right (B) shows the incorrect headlamp aim.

10. Repeat Steps 7 through 9 for

the opposite headlamp.

Bulb Replacement For the proper type of replacement bulbs, see Replacement Bulbs on page 9‑39 . For any bulb changing procedure not listed in this section, contact your dealer/retailer.

Halogen Bulbs

{ WARNING

Halogen bulbs have pressurized gas inside and can burst if you drop or scratch the bulb. You or others could be injured. Be sure to read and follow the instructions on the bulb package.

Headlamps, Front Turn Signal and Parking Lamps

Base Headlamp Assembly The base model vehicle has a halogen high-beam headlamp, a low-beam/Daytime Running Lamp (DRL) headlamp and a turn signal/ parking lamp on the headlamp assembly. To replace one of these bulbs: 1. Open the hood. See Hood on

page 9‑5 .

High Intensity Discharge (HID) Lighting

{ WARNING

The low beam high intensity discharge lighting system operates at a very high voltage. If you try to service any of the system components, you could be seriously injured. Have your dealer/retailer or a qualified technician service them.

The up‐level vehicle has HID headlamps. The park lamp function is also a function of the HID headlamp. After an HID headlamp bulb has been replaced, the beam might be a slightly different shade than it was originally. This is normal.

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2.

A. Low-Beam Headlamp/DRL B. High-Beam Headlamp C. Parking/Turn Signal Lamp If replacing a headlamp bulb, remove the dust cover from the back of the headlamp housing by turning counterclockwise a quarter turn.

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Vehicle Care

3. Remove the bulb socket from

the headlamp by turning counterclockwise a quarter turn.

4. Remove the bulb from the

5.

6.

7.

socket. Install the new bulb in the socket. Install the bulb socket by turning clockwise a quarter turn. If a headlamp bulb was replaced, Install the dust cover in the back of the headlamp housing by turning clockwise a quarter turn.

Up–Level Headlamp Assembly The up–level model vehicle has a high intensity discharge (HID) high/ low beam, a dedicated DRL and a turn signal lamp on the headlamp assembly. The park lamp is also the function of the HID headlamp. See High Intensity Discharge (HID) Lighting on page 9‑35 for more information. To replace one of these bulbs: 1. Open the hood. See Hood on

page 9‑5 .

A. DRL Lamp B. Turn Signal Lamp 2. Turn the bulb socket

counterclockwise to remove it from the headlamp assembly. 3. Pull the bulb straight out from

the socket.

4. Push the new bulb into the

socket and reinstall the socket into the headlamp assembly by turning it clockwise.

Fog Lamps To replace one of these bulbs:

3. Remove the old bulb from the bulb socket and push the new bulb straight into the bulb socket until it connects.

4. Push the bulb socket into the

bulb assembly to lock it into place.

5. Reconnect the bulb socket to the

electrical connector.

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Taillamps, Turn Signal, Stoplamps, and Back-Up Lamps

1. Locate the bulb assembly under

the front facia.

2. Disconnect the bulb socket from the electrical connector and pull out the bulb assembly.

A. Turn Signal Lamp B. Back–Up Lamp To replace one of these lamps: 1. Open the trunk. See Trunk on

page 1‑11 .

2. Pull back the trunk trim. 3. Remove the four plastic wing

nuts retaining the taillamp assembly in place.

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Vehicle Care

4. Pull out the taillamp assembly

and disconnect the wiring harness.

A. Back-up Lamp B. Turn Signal Lamp 5. Turn the bulb socket

counterclockwise to remove it. 6. Pull the old bulb straight out of

the bulb socket.

License Plate Lamp The licence plate lamps for this vehicle are on the trunk lid. To replace one of these bulbs: 1. Open the trunk. See Trunk on

page 1‑11 for more information.

7. Push the new bulb straight into

the bulb socket until it clicks.

8. Turn the bulb socket clockwise

to reinstall.

9. Reconnect the wiring harness. 10. Push the taillamp assembly

back into place on the vehicle.

11. Turn the four wing nuts

clockwise to reinstall them.

12. Place the trunk trim to its

original location.

2. Push the end on either of the lamp assemblies (passenger side shown) and then move the lamp assembly down to remove it from trunk lid.

5. Push the replacement bulb

straight into the bulb socket and turn the bulb socket clockwise to install into lamp assembly.

6. Move the lamp assembly into the trunk lid engaging the clip side first.

7. Push on the lamp side opposite the clip until the lamp assembly snaps into place.

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Replacement Bulbs

Exterior Lamp

Back-Up Lamp Daytime Running Lamp (Up-Level) Fog Lamp Front Turn Signal/ Park Lamp Headlamp High Beam (Base) Headlamp Low Beam (Base) License Plate Lamp Rear Turn Signal

Bulb

Number W16W

3157K

H11LL

3757NAK

H9

H11LL

W5WLL 3757AK

For replacement bulbs not listed here, contact your dealer/retailer.

A. Bulb Socket B. Lamp Assembly C. Bulb

3. Turn the bulb socket (A)

counterclockwise to remove from lamp assembly (C).

4. Pull the bulb (B) straight out of

the bulb socket.

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Vehicle Care

Electrical System

Electrical System Overload The vehicle has fuses and circuit breakers to protect against an electrical system overload. When the current electrical load is too heavy, the circuit breaker opens and closes, protecting the circuit until the current load returns to normal or the problem is fixed. This greatly reduces the chance of circuit overload and fire caused by electrical problems. Fuses and circuit breakers protect the following in the vehicle: . Headlamp Wiring . Windshield Wiper Motor . Power Windows and other

Power Accessories

Headlamp Wiring An electrical overload may cause the lamps to go on and off, or in some cases to remain off. Have the headlamp wiring checked right away if the lamps go on and off or remain off. Windshield Wipers If the wiper motor overheats due to heavy snow or ice, the windshield wipers will stop until the motor cools and will then restart. Although the circuit is protected from electrical overload, overload due to heavy snow or ice, may cause wiper linkage damage. Always clear ice and heavy snow from the windshield before using the windshield wipers. If the overload is caused by an electrical problem and not snow or ice, be sure to get it fixed.

Fuses and Circuit Breakers The wiring circuits in the vehicle are protected from short circuits by a combination of fuses and circuit breakers. This greatly reduces the chance of damage caused by electrical problems. To check a fuse, look at the silver-colored band inside the fuse. If the band is broken or melted, replace the fuse. Be sure to replace a bad fuse with a new one of the identical size and rating. Fuses of the same amperage can be temporarily borrowed from another fuse location, if a fuse goes out. Replace the fuse as soon as possible. To identify and check fuses, circuit breakers, and relays, see Engine Compartment Fuse Block on page 9‑41 , Instrument Panel Fuse Block on page 9‑44 , and Rear Compartment Fuse Block on page 9‑46 .

Engine Compartment Fuse Block

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9-41

To remove the fuse block cover, squeeze the three retaining clips on the cover and lift it straight up. Notice: Spilling liquid on any electrical components on the vehicle may damage it. Always keep the covers on any electrical component.

J-Case Fuses

12

21

Engine Compartment Fuse Block

Usage

J-Case Fuses

Usage

Wiper Starter Rear Power Windows

22

24

26

Sunroof Front Power Windows Antilock Brake System Pump

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Vehicle Care

J-Case Fuses

27

28

41

42
45

Mini Fuses

Usage

Mini Fuses

Usage

Mini Fuses

Usage

Electric Park Brake Rear Window Defogger Brake Vacuum Pump Cooling Fan K2
Cooling Fan K1

Usage Transmission Control Module Engine Control Module Battery Engine Control Module Ignition Ignition Coils ‐ Even

10

11

13

16
17
18

23

29

32

Ignition Coils ‐ Odd Engine Control Module Post Catalytic Converter Oxygen Sensor Heater Trans Ignition/Fuel System Control Module MAF Airbag Module SBZ Ignition Variable Effort Steering Power Lumbar, Left Body Control Module

33

34

35
36
37
38
46

47

48

49

Heated Seat Antilock Brake System Valves Amplifier AFL Ignition Right High Beam Left High Beam Cooling Fan Relay Pre Catalytic Converter Oxygen Sensor Heater Fog Lamps Right High Intensity Discharge Headlamp

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Mini Fuses

Usage

Mini Fuses

Usage

Mini Relays

Usage

50

51
52

53

54

55

Left High Intensity Discharge Headlamp Horn Cluster Ignition Inside Rearview Mirror, Rear Vision Camera, Vacuum Pump Heating, Ventilation and Air Conditioning Outside Rear View Mirror, Universal Garage Door Opener, Window Switch

56
60
62
64
65

67

69

Windshield Washer Heated Mirror Canister Vent AFL Battery Theft Deterrent Horn Fuel System Control Module Regulated Voltage Control Sensor

Mini Relays

Usage Engine Control Module Cooling Fan

13
15

17

Micro Relays

10

14

Cooling Fan Run / Crank Rear Window Defogger

Usage

Starter Wiper Speed Wiper Control Cooling Fan Headlamp Low Beam

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Vehicle Care

Instrument Panel Fuse Block

Press in on the sides of the door to release it from the instrument panel.

The instrument panel fuse block is located in the instrument panel, on the driver side of the vehicle. To access the fuses, open the fuse panel door by pulling down at the top.

Pull the door toward you to release it from the hinge.

Instrument Panel Fuse Block

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9-45

Fuses

Usage

Fuses

Usage

Fuses

Usage

10

Steering Wheel Controls Backlight Body Control Module 7
Body Control Module 5
Radio OnStar® Universal Hands Free Phone Power Outlet 1
Power Outlet 2
Body Control Module 1
Body Control Module 4
Body Control Module 8

11

12
13

14

15
16

17

18

19

20

Front Heater Ventilation Air Conditioning/Blower Passenger Seat Driver Seat Diagnostic Link Connector Airbag Trunk Heater Ventilation Air Conditioning Controller Radio, OnStar®, Universal Hands Free Phone Display Automatic Occupant Sensing

21

22

23

24

25

26

Instrument Panel Cluster Discrete Logic Ignition Switch Body Control Module 3
Body Control Module 2
Rear Heater Ventilation Air Conditioning/Blower AC/DC Inverter

Relays

Usage

R1
R2
R3

Trunk Relay Not Used Power Outlet Relay

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Vehicle Care

Rear Compartment Fuse Block

The rear compartment fuse block is located on the left side of the trunk behind a cover.

Mini Fuses

Usage

Mini Fuses

Usage

Not Used Heated Steering Wheel Not Used

12
15

Not Used Not Used Not Used

Mini Fuses

Usage

Mini Fuses

Usage

16

17
18
19

20

21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28

Side Blind Zone, Ultrasonic Rear Park Assist Not Used PEPS Not Used Rear Sunshade, Ventilated Seats Not Used Not Used Not Used Not Used Not Used Not Used Not Used Not Used

29
30

31

32

33

Not Used Not Used Electronic Suspension Control Rear Seat Infotainment All‐Wheel Drive

J‐Case Fuses

Usage

10
11

Not Used Not Used Not Used Not Used Not Used Not Used Not Used

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9-47

J‐Case Fuses

Usage

13
14
34
35
36
37

Not Used Not Used Not Used PEPS Not Used Not Used

Relays

Usage

K1

K2

K3

K4

Not Used Seat Ventilation, Sunshade Heated Steering Wheel Not Used

9-48

Vehicle Care

Wheels and Tires

Tires Your new vehicle comes with high-quality tires made by a leading tire manufacturer. If you ever have questions about your tire warranty and where to obtain service, see your vehicle Warranty booklet for details. For additional information refer to the tire manufacturer. { WARNING

Poorly maintained and improperly used tires are dangerous.

. Overloading your tires can

cause overheating as a result of too much flexing. You could have an air-out and a serious accident. See Vehicle Load Limits on page 8‑12.

(Continued)

Winter Tires If you expect to drive on snow or ice covered roads often, you may want to get winter tires for your vehicle. All season tires provide good overall performance on most surfaces but they may not offer the traction you would like or the same level of performance as winter tires on snow or ice covered roads. Winter tires, in general, are designed for increased traction on snow and ice covered roads. With winter tires, there may be decreased dry road traction, increased road noise, and shorter tread life. After switching to winter tires, be alert for changes in vehicle handling and braking.

WARNING (Continued)

. Underinflated tires pose the same danger as overloaded tires. The resulting accident could cause serious injury. Check all tires frequently to maintain the recommended pressure. Tire pressure should be checked when your tires are cold. See Tire Pressure on page 9‑56.

. Overinflated tires are more likely to be cut, punctured or broken by a sudden impact — such as when you hit a pothole. Keep tires at the recommended pressure.

. Worn, old tires can cause accidents. If your tread is badly worn, or if your tires have been damaged, replace them.

See your dealer/retailer for details regarding winter tire availability and proper tire selection. Also, see Buying New Tires on page 9‑64. If you choose to use winter tires: . Use tires of the same brand and

tread type on all four wheel positions.

. Use only radial ply tires of the

same size, load range, and speed rating as the original equipment tires.

Winter tires with the same speed rating as your original equipment tires may not be available for H, V, W, Y, and ZR speed rated tires. If you choose winter tires with a lower speed rating, never exceed the tire's maximum speed capability.

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and service description. See the “Tire Size” illustration later in this section for more detail. (B) TPC Spec (Tire Performance Criteria Specification): Original equipment tires designed to GM's specific tire performance criteria have a TPC specification code molded onto the sidewall. GM's TPC specifications meet or exceed all federal safety guidelines. (C) DOT (Department of Transportation): The Department of Transportation (DOT) code indicates that the tire is in compliance with the U.S. Department of Transportation Motor Vehicle Safety Standards.

Tire Sidewall Labeling Useful information about a tire is molded into its sidewall. The examples below show a typical passenger vehicle tire and a compact spare tire sidewall.

Passenger (P‐Metric) Tire Example (A) Tire Size: The tire size is a combination of letters and numbers used to define a particular tire's width, height, aspect ratio, construction type,

9-50

Vehicle Care

(D) Tire Identification Number (TIN): The letters and numbers following the DOT (Department of Transportation) code is the Tire Identification Number (TIN). The TIN shows the manufacturer and plant code, tire size, and date the tire was manufactured. The TIN is molded onto both sides of the tire, although only one side may have the date of manufacture. (E) Tire Ply Material: The type of cord and number of plies in the sidewall and under the tread. (F) Uniform Tire Quality Grading (UTQG): Tire manufacturers are required to grade tires based on three performance factors: treadwear, traction, and temperature resistance. For more information see Uniform Tire Quality Grading on page 9‑67.

(G) Maximum Cold Inflation Load Limit: Maximum load that can be carried and the maximum pressure needed to support that load.

(B) Temporary Use Only: The compact spare tire or temporary use tire has a tread life of approximately 5 000 km (3,000 miles) and should not be driven at speeds over 105 km/h (65 mph). The compact spare tire is for emergency use when a regular road tire has lost air and gone flat. If your vehicle has a compact spare tire, see Compact Spare Tire on page 9‑76 and If a Tire Goes Flat on page 9‑70.

Compact Spare Tire Example

(A) Tire Ply Material: The type of cord and number of plies in the sidewall and under the tread.

(F) Tire Size: A combination of letters and numbers define a tire's width, height, aspect ratio, construction type, and service description. The letter T as the first character in the tire size means the tire is for temporary use only. (G) TPC Spec (Tire Performance Criteria Specification): Original equipment tires designed to GM's specific tire performance criteria have a TPC specification code molded onto the sidewall. GM's TPC specifications meet or exceed all federal safety guidelines.

(C) Tire Identification Number (TIN): The letters and numbers following the DOT (Department of Transportation) code is the Tire Identification Number (TIN). The TIN shows the manufacturer and plant code, tire size, and date the tire was manufactured. The TIN is molded onto both sides of the tire, although only one side may have the date of manufacture. (D) Maximum Cold Inflation Load Limit: Maximum load that can be carried and the maximum pressure needed to support that load. (E) Tire Inflation: The temporary use tire or compact spare tire should be inflated to 420 kPa (60 psi). For more information on tire pressure and inflation see Tire Pressure on page 9‑56.

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Tire Designations

Tire Size The following illustration shows an example of a typical passenger vehicle tire size.

(A) Passenger (P‐Metric) Tire: The United States version of a metric tire sizing system. The letter P as the first character in the tire size means a passenger vehicle tire engineered to standards set by the U.S. Tire and Rim Association. (B) Tire Width: The three‐digit number indicates the tire section width in millimeters from sidewall to sidewall.

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Vehicle Care

(C) Aspect Ratio: A two‐digit number that indicates the tire height‐to‐width measurements. For example, if the tire size aspect ratio is 60, as shown in item C of the illustration, it would mean that the tire's sidewall is 60 percent as high as it is wide. (D) Construction Code: A letter code is used to indicate the type of ply construction in the tire. The letter R means radial ply construction; the letter D means diagonal or bias ply construction; and the letter B means belted‐bias ply construction. (E) Rim Diameter: Diameter of the wheel in inches.

(F) Service Description: These characters represent the load index and speed rating of the tire. The load index represents the load carry capacity a tire is certified to carry. The speed rating is the maximum speed a tire is certified to carry a load.

Tire Terminology and Definitions Air Pressure: The amount of air inside the tire pressing outward on each square inch of the tire. Air pressure is expressed in psi (pounds per square inch) or kPa (kilopascal).

Accessory Weight: This means the combined weight of optional accessories. Some examples of optional accessories are, automatic transmission, power steering, power brakes, power windows, power seats, and air conditioning. Aspect Ratio: The relationship of a tire's height to its width. Belt: A rubber coated layer of cords that is located between the plies and the tread. Cords may be made from steel or other reinforcing materials.

Bead: The tire bead contains steel wires wrapped by steel cords that hold the tire onto the rim. Bias Ply Tire: A pneumatic tire in which the plies are laid at alternate angles less than 90 degrees to the centerline of the tread. Cold Tire Pressure: The amount of air pressure in a tire, measured in psi (pounds per square inch) or kPa (kilopascal) before a tire has built up heat from driving. See Tire Pressure on page 9‑56.

Curb Weight: The weight of a motor vehicle with standard and optional equipment including the maximum capacity of fuel, oil, and coolant, but without passengers and cargo. DOT Markings: A code molded into the sidewall of a tire signifying that the tire is in compliance with the U.S. Department of Transportation (DOT) motor vehicle safety standards. The DOT code includes the Tire Identification Number (TIN), an alphanumeric designator which can also identify the tire manufacturer, production plant, brand, and date of production.

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GVWR: Gross Vehicle Weight Rating. See Vehicle Load Limits on page 8‑12 . GAWR FRT: Gross Axle Weight Rating for the front axle. See Vehicle Load Limits on page 8‑12. GAWR RR: Gross Axle Weight Rating for the rear axle. See Vehicle Load Limits on page 8‑12 . Intended Outboard Sidewall: The side of an asymmetrical tire, that must always face outward when mounted on a vehicle. Kilopascal (kPa): The metric unit for air pressure.

9-54

Vehicle Care

Light Truck (LT‐Metric) Tire: A tire used on light duty trucks and some multipurpose passenger vehicles. Load Index: An assigned number ranging from 1 to 279
that corresponds to the load carrying capacity of a tire. Maximum Inflation Pressure: The maximum air pressure to which a cold tire can be inflated. The maximum air pressure is molded onto the sidewall. Maximum Load Rating: The load rating for a tire at the maximum permissible inflation pressure for that tire.

Maximum Loaded Vehicle Weight: The sum of curb weight, accessory weight, vehicle capacity weight, and production options weight. Normal Occupant Weight: The number of occupants a vehicle is designed to seat multiplied by 68 kg (150 lbs). See Vehicle Load Limits on page 8‑12 . Occupant Distribution: Designated seating positions. Outward Facing Sidewall: The side of an asymmetrical tire that has a particular side that faces outward when mounted on a vehicle. The side of the tire that contains a whitewall, bears white lettering, or bears

manufacturer, brand, and/or model name molding that is higher or deeper than the same moldings on the other sidewall of the tire. Passenger (P-Metric) Tire: A tire used on passenger cars and some light duty trucks and multipurpose vehicles. Recommended Inflation Pressure: Vehicle manufacturer's recommended tire inflation pressure as shown on the tire placard. See Tire Pressure on page 9‑56 and Vehicle Load Limits on page 8‑12 . Radial Ply Tire: A pneumatic tire in which the ply cords that extend to the beads are laid at 90 degrees to the centerline of the tread.

Rim: A metal support for a tire and upon which the tire beads are seated. Sidewall: The portion of a tire between the tread and the bead. Speed Rating: An alphanumeric code assigned to a tire indicating the maximum speed at which a tire can operate. Traction: The friction between the tire and the road surface. The amount of grip provided. Tread: The portion of a tire that comes into contact with the road.

Treadwear Indicators: Narrow bands, sometimes called wear bars, that show across the tread of a tire when only 1.6 mm (1/16 inch) of tread remains. See When It Is Time for New Tires on page 9‑63. UTQGS (Uniform Tire Quality Grading Standards): A tire information system that provides consumers with ratings for a tire's traction, temperature, and treadwear. Ratings are determined by tire manufacturers using government testing procedures. The ratings are molded into the sidewall of the tire. See Uniform Tire Quality Grading on page 9‑67.

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9-55

Vehicle Capacity Weight: The number of designated seating positions multiplied by 68 kg (150 lbs) plus the rated cargo load. See Vehicle Load Limits on page 8‑12 . Vehicle Maximum Load on the Tire: Load on an individual tire due to curb weight, accessory weight, occupant weight, and cargo weight. Vehicle Placard: A label permanently attached to a vehicle showing the vehicle's capacity weight and the original equipment tire size and recommended inflation pressure. See “Tire and Loading Information Label” under Vehicle Load Limits on page 8‑12.

9-56

Vehicle Care

Tire Pressure Tires need the correct amount of air pressure to operate effectively. Notice: Do not let anyone tell you that under‐inflation or over‐inflation is all right. It is not. If your tires do not have enough air (under‐inflation), you can get the following:

. Too much flexing . Too much heat . Tire overloading . Premature or irregular wear . Poor handling . Reduced fuel economy

If your tires have too much air (over‐inflation), you can get the following:

. Unusual wear . Poor handling . Rough ride . Needless damage from

road hazards

A vehicle specific Tire and Loading Information label is attached to your vehicle. This label shows your vehicle's original equipment tires and the correct inflation pressures for your tires when they are cold. The recommended cold tire inflation pressure, shown on the label, is the minimum amount of air pressure needed to support your vehicle's maximum load carrying capacity.

For additional information regarding how much weight your vehicle can carry, and an example of the Tire and Loading Information label, see Vehicle Load Limits on page 8‑12. How you load your vehicle affects vehicle handling and ride comfort. Never load your vehicle with more weight than it was designed to carry.

When to Check Check your tires once a month or more. Do not forget to check the compact spare tire, if the vehicle has one. The compact spare should be at 60 psi (420 kPa). For additional information regarding the compact spare tire, see Compact Spare Tire on page 9‑76.

How to Check Use a good quality pocket-type gauge to check tire pressure. You cannot tell if your tires are properly inflated simply by looking at them. Radial tires may look properly inflated even when they are under‐inflated. Check the tire's inflation pressure when the tires are cold. Cold means your vehicle has been sitting for at least three hours or driven no more than 1.6 km (1 mile). Remove the valve cap from the tire valve stem. Press the tire gauge firmly onto the valve to get a pressure measurement.

If the cold tire inflation pressure matches the recommended pressure on the Tire and Loading Information label, no further adjustment is necessary. If the inflation pressure is low, add air until you reach the recommended amount. If you overfill the tire, release air by pushing on the metal stem in the center of the tire valve. Re‐check the tire pressure with the tire gauge. Be sure to put the valve caps back on the valve stems. They help prevent leaks by keeping out dirt and moisture.

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9-57

Tire Pressure Monitor System The Tire Pressure Monitor System (TPMS) uses radio and sensor technology to check tire pressure levels. The TPMS sensors monitor the air pressure in your vehicle's tires and transmit tire pressure readings to a receiver located in the vehicle. Each tire, including the spare (if provided), should be checked monthly when cold and inflated to the inflation pressure recommended by the vehicle manufacturer on the vehicle placard or tire inflation pressure label. (If your vehicle has tires of a different size than the size indicated on the vehicle placard or tire inflation pressure label, you should determine the proper tire inflation pressure for those tires.)

9-58

Vehicle Care

As an added safety feature, your vehicle has been equipped with a tire pressure monitoring system (TPMS) that illuminates a low tire pressure telltale when one or more of your tires is significantly under‐inflated. Accordingly, when the low tire pressure telltale illuminates, you should stop and check your tires as soon as possible, and inflate them to the proper pressure. Driving on a significantly under‐inflated tire causes the tire to overheat and can lead to tire failure. Under‐inflation also reduces fuel efficiency and tire tread life, and may affect the vehicle's handling and stopping ability. Please note that the TPMS is not a substitute for proper tire maintenance, and it is the driver's responsibility to maintain correct tire pressure, even if under‐inflation has not reached the level to trigger illumination of the TPMS low tire pressure telltale.

Your vehicle has also been equipped with a TPMS malfunction indicator to indicate when the system is not operating properly. The TPMS malfunction indicator is combined with the low tire pressure telltale. When the system detects a malfunction, the telltale will flash for approximately one minute and then remain continuously illuminated. This sequence will continue upon subsequent vehicle start‐ups as long as the malfunction exists. When the malfunction indicator is illuminated, the system may not be able to detect or signal low tire pressure as intended. TPMS malfunctions may occur for a variety of reasons, including the installation of replacement or alternate tires or wheels on the vehicle that prevent the TPMS from functioning properly.

Always check the TPMS malfunction telltale after replacing one or more tires or wheels on your vehicle to ensure that the replacement or alternate tires and wheels allow the TPMS to continue to function properly. See Tire Pressure Monitor Operation on page 9‑59 for additional information. Federal Communications Commission (FCC) and Industry Canada See Radio Frequency Statement on page 12‑17 for information regarding Part 15 of the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) Rules and RSS-210/211 of Industry Canada.

Tire Pressure Monitor Operation This vehicle may have a Tire Pressure Monitor System (TPMS). The TPMS is designed to warn the driver when a low tire pressure condition exists. TPMS sensors are mounted onto each tire and wheel assembly, excluding the spare tire and wheel assembly. The TPMS sensors monitor the air pressure in the vehicle's tires and transmits the tire pressure readings to a receiver located in the vehicle.

When a low tire pressure condition is detected, the TPMS illuminates the low tire pressure warning light located on the instrument panel cluster. If the warning light comes on, stop as soon as possible and

inflate the tires to the recommended pressure shown on the tire loading information label. See Vehicle Load Limits on page 8‑12. At the same time a message to check the pressure in a specific tire appears on the Driver Information Center (DIC) display. The low tire pressure warning light and the DIC warning message come on at each ignition cycle until the tires are inflated to the correct inflation pressure. Using the DIC, tire pressure levels can be viewed by the driver. For additional information and details about the DIC operation and displays see Driver Information Center (DIC) on page 4‑25. The low tire pressure warning light may come on in cool weather when the vehicle is first started, and then turn off as you start to drive. This could be an early indicator that the air pressure in the tire(s) are getting low and need to be inflated to the proper pressure.

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A Tire and Loading Information label, attached to your vehicle, shows the size of your vehicle's original equipment tires and the correct inflation pressure for your vehicle's tires when they are cold. See Vehicle Load Limits on page 8‑12 , for an example of the Tire and Loading Information label and its location on your vehicle. Also see Tire Pressure on page 9‑56 . Your vehicle's TPMS can warn you about a low tire pressure condition but it does not replace normal tire maintenance. See Tire Inspection on page 9‑62 , Tire Rotation on page 9‑62 and Tires on page 9‑48. Notice: Liquid tire sealants could damage the Tire Pressure Monitor System (TPMS) sensors. Sensor damage caused by using a tire sealant is not covered by your warranty. Do not use liquid tire sealants.

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TPMS Malfunction Light and Message The TPMS will not function properly if one or more of the TPMS sensors are missing or inoperable. When the system detects a malfunction, the low tire warning light flashes for about one minute and then stays on for the remainder of the ignition cycle. A DIC warning message is also displayed. The low tire warning light and DIC warning message come on at each ignition cycle until the problem is corrected. Some of the conditions that can cause the malfunction light and DIC message to come on are: . One of the road tires has been

replaced with the spare tire. The spare tire does not have a TPMS sensor. The TPMS malfunction light and DIC message should go off once you re‐install the road tire containing the TPMS sensor.

The TPMS sensor matching process was started but not completed or not completed successfully after rotating the vehicle's tires. The DIC message and TPMS malfunction light should go off once the TPMS sensor matching process is performed successfully. See “TPMS Sensor Matching Process” later in this section.

. One or more TPMS sensors are

missing or damaged. The DIC message and the TPMS malfunction light should go off when the TPMS sensors are installed and the sensor matching process is performed successfully. See your dealer/ retailer for service.

. Replacement tires or wheels do not match your vehicle's original equipment tires or wheels. Tires and wheels other than those recommended for your vehicle could prevent the TPMS from functioning properly. See Buying New Tires on page 9‑64.

. Operating electronic devices or being near facilities using radio wave frequencies similar to the TPMS could cause the TPMS sensors to malfunction.

If the TPMS is not functioning it cannot detect or signal a low tire condition. See your dealer/retailer for service if the TPMS malfunction light and DIC message comes on and stays on.

TPMS Sensor Matching Process Each TPMS sensor has a unique identification code. Any time you rotate your vehicle's tires or replace one or more of the TPMS sensors, the identification codes will need to be matched to the new tire/wheel position. The sensors are matched to the tire/wheel positions in the following order: driver side front tire, passenger side front tire, passenger side rear tire, and driver side rear tire using a TPMS diagnostic tool. See your dealer/retailer for service. The TPMS sensors can also be matched to each tire/wheel position by increasing or decreasing the tire's air pressure. If increasing the tire's air pressure, do not exceed the maximum inflation pressure indicated on the tire's sidewall. To decrease air-pressure out of a tire you can use the pointed end of the valve cap, a pencil-style air pressure gage, or a key.

You have two minutes to match the first tire/wheel position, and five minutes overall to match all four tire/wheel positions. If it takes longer than two minutes, to match the first tire and wheel, or more than five minutes to match all four tire and wheel positions the matching process stops and you need to start over. The TPMS sensor matching process is outlined below: 1. Set the parking brake. 2. Turn the ignition to ON/RUN with

the engine off.

3. Use the MENU button to select

the Vehicle Information Menu in the Driver Information Center (DIC).

4. Use the thumbwheel to scroll to

the Tire Pressure Menu Item screen.

5. Press the SET/CLR button to

begin the sensor matching process.

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A message asking if you are sure you want to begin this process should appear.

6. Press the SET/CLR button again

to confirm the selection. The horn sounds twice to signal the receiver is in relearn mode and the TIRE LEARNING ACTIVE message displays on the DIC screen.

7. Start with the driver side

front tire.

8. Remove the valve cap from the

valve cap stem. Activate the TPMS sensor by increasing or decreasing the tire's air pressure for five seconds, or until a horn chirp sounds. The horn chirp, which may take up to 30 seconds to sound, confirms that the sensor identification code has been matched to this tire and wheel position.

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9. Proceed to the passenger side

front tire, and repeat the procedure in Step 8.

10. Proceed to the passenger side

rear tire, and repeat the procedure in Step 8.

11. Proceed to the driver side rear tire, and repeat the procedure in Step 8. The horn sounds two times to indicate the sensor identification code has been matched to the driver side rear tire, and the TPMS sensor matching process is no longer active. The TIRE LEARNING ACTIVE message on the DIC display screen goes off.

12. Turn the ignition to LOCK/OFF. 13. Set all four tires to the

recommended air pressure level as indicated on the Tire and Loading Information label. 14. Put the valve caps back on the

valve stems.

Tire Inspection We recommend that you regularly inspect your vehicle's tires, including the spare tire, if the vehicle has one, for signs of wear or damage. See When It Is Time for New Tires on page 9‑63 for more information.

Tire Rotation Tires should be rotated every 8 000 to 13 000 km (5,000 to 8,000 miles). See Scheduled Maintenance on page 10‑2. The purpose of a regular tire rotation is to achieve a uniform wear for all tires on the vehicle. This will ensure that the vehicle continues to perform most like it did when the tires were new.

Any time you notice unusual wear, rotate the tires as soon as possible and check wheel alignment. Also check for damaged tires or wheels. See When It Is Time for New Tires on page 9‑63 and Wheel Replacement on page 9‑69.

When rotating the vehicle's tires, always use the correct rotation pattern shown here. Do not include the compact spare tire in the tire rotation.

After the tires have been rotated, adjust the front and rear inflation pressures as shown on the Tire and Loading Information label. See Tire Pressure on page 9‑56 and Vehicle Load Limits on page 8‑12. Reset the Tire Pressure Monitor System. See Tire Pressure Monitor Operation on page 9‑59. Make certain that all wheel nuts are properly tightened. See “Wheel Nut Torque” under Capacities and Specifications on page 11‑2.

{ WARNING

Rust or dirt on a wheel, or on the parts to which it is fastened, can make wheel nuts become loose after time. The wheel could come off and cause an accident. When changing a wheel, remove any rust or dirt from places where the wheel attaches to the vehicle. In an emergency, use a cloth or a paper towel to do this; but be sure to use a scraper or wire brush later, if needed, to get all the rust or dirt off. See If a Tire Goes Flat on page 9‑70 .

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When It Is Time for New Tires Various factors, such as maintenance, temperatures, driving speeds, vehicle loading, and road conditions influence when you need new tires.

One way to tell when it is time for new tires is to check the treadwear indicators, which appear when the tires have only 1.6 mm (1/16 inch) or less of tread remaining.

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The vehicle needs new tires if any of the following statements are true: . You can see the indicators at three or more places around the tire.

. You can see cord or fabric showing through the tire's rubber. The tread or sidewall is cracked, cut, or snagged deep enough to show cord or fabric. The tire has a bump, bulge, or split. The tire has a puncture, cut, or other damage that cannot be repaired well because of the size or location of the damage.

The rubber in tires degrades over time. This is also true for the spare tire, if the vehicle has one, even if it is not being used. Multiple conditions affect how fast this aging takes place, including temperatures, loading conditions, and inflation pressure maintenance. With proper care and maintenance tires typically wear out before they degrade due to age. If you are unsure about the need to replace the tires as they get older, consult the tire manufacturer for more information.

Buying New Tires GM has developed and matched specific tires for your vehicle. The original equipment tires installed on your vehicle, when it was new, were designed to meet General Motors Tire Performance Criteria Specification (TPC Spec) system rating. If you need replacement tires, GM strongly recommends that you get tires with the same TPC Spec rating. This way, your vehicle will continue to have tires that are designed to give the same performance and vehicle safety, during normal use, as the original tires.

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{ WARNING

If you use bias-ply tires on the vehicle, the wheel rim flanges could develop cracks after many miles of driving. A tire and/or wheel could fail suddenly, causing a crash. Use only radial-ply tires with the wheels on the vehicle.

If you must replace your vehicle's tires with those that do not have a TPC Spec number, make sure they are the same size, load range, speed rating, and construction type (radial and bias‐belted tires) as your vehicle's original tires.

GM's exclusive TPC Spec system considers over a dozen critical specifications that impact the overall performance of your vehicle, including brake system performance, ride and handling, traction control, and tire pressure monitoring performance. GM's TPC Spec number is molded onto the tire's sidewall near the tire size. If the tires have an all‐season tread design, the TPC Spec number will be followed by an MS for mud and snow. See Tire Sidewall Labeling on page 9‑49
for additional information. GM recommends replacing tires in sets of four. This is because uniform tread depth on all tires will help keep your vehicle performing most like it did when the tires were new. Replacing less than a full set of tires can affect the braking and handling performance of your vehicle.

See Tire Inspection on page 9‑62
and Tire Rotation on page 9‑62
for information on proper tire rotation.

{ WARNING

Mixing tires could cause you to lose control while driving. If you mix tires of different sizes, brands, or types (radial and bias-belted tires), the vehicle may not handle properly, and you could have a crash. Using tires of different sizes, brands, or types may also cause damage to your vehicle. Be sure to use the correct size, brand, and type of tires on all wheels. It is all right to drive with your compact spare temporarily, as it was developed for use on your vehicle. See Compact Spare Tire on page 9‑76.

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Vehicles that have a tire pressure monitoring system could give an inaccurate low‐pressure warning if non‐TPC Spec rated tires are installed on your vehicle. Non‐TPC Spec rated tires may give a low‐pressure warning that is higher or lower than the proper warning level you would get with TPC Spec rated tires. See Tire Pressure Monitor System on page 9‑57. Your vehicle's original equipment tires are listed on the Tire and Loading Information Label. See Vehicle Load Limits on page 8‑12 , for more information about the Tire and Loading Information Label and its location on your vehicle.

Different Size Tires and Wheels If you add wheels or tires that are a different size than your original equipment wheels and tires, this could affect the way your vehicle performs, including its braking, ride and handling characteristics, stability, and resistance to rollover. Additionally, if your vehicle has electronic systems such as anti‐lock brakes, rollover airbags, traction control, and electronic stability control, the performance of these systems can be affected.

{ WARNING If you add different sized wheels, your vehicle may not provide an acceptable level of performance and safety if tires not recommended for those wheels are selected. You may increase the chance that you will crash and suffer serious injury. Only use GM specific wheel and tire systems developed for your vehicle, and have them properly installed by a GM certified technician.

See Buying New Tires on page 9‑64 and Accessories and Modifications on page 9‑3 for additional information.

Uniform Tire Quality Grading Quality grades can be found where applicable on the tire sidewall between tread shoulder and maximum section width. For example:

Treadwear 200 Traction AA Temperature A The following information relates to the system developed by the United States National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA), which grades tires by treadwear, traction, and temperature performance. This applies only to vehicles sold in the United States. The grades are molded on the sidewalls of most passenger car tires. The Uniform Tire Quality

Grading (UTQG) system does not apply to deep tread, winter-type snow tires, space-saver, or temporary use spare tires, tires with nominal rim diameters of 10 to 12 inches (25 to 30 cm), or to some limited-production tires. While the tires available on General Motors passenger cars and light trucks may vary with respect to these grades, they must also conform to federal safety requirements and additional General Motors Tire Performance Criteria (TPC) standards. All Passenger Car Tires Must Conform to Federal Safety Requirements In Addition To These Grades.

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Treadwear The treadwear grade is a comparative rating based on the wear rate of the tire when tested under controlled conditions on a specified government test course. For example, a tire graded 150 would wear one and a half (1½) times as well on the government course as a tire graded 100. The relative performance of tires depends upon the actual conditions of their use, however, and may depart significantly from the norm due to variations in driving habits, service practices and differences in road characteristics and climate.

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Traction – AA, A, B, C The traction grades, from highest to lowest, are AA, A, B, and C. Those grades represent the tire's ability to stop on wet pavement as measured under controlled conditions on specified government test surfaces of asphalt and concrete. A tire marked C may have poor traction performance. Warning: The traction grade assigned to this tire is based on straight-ahead braking traction tests, and does not include acceleration, cornering, hydroplaning, or peak traction characteristics.

Temperature – A, B, C The temperature grades are A (the highest), B, and C, representing the tire's resistance to the generation of heat and its ability to dissipate heat when tested under controlled conditions on a specified indoor laboratory test wheel. Sustained high temperature can cause the material of the tire to degenerate and reduce tire life,