2005 Toyota Yaris Owners Manual

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—Engine number

Suspension and chassis

SU21006a

SU21007a

CAUTION

Do not modify the suspension/chassis with lift kits, spacers, springs, etc. It can cause dangerous vehicle handling characteristics, resulting loss of control.

in

The vehicle identification number (VIN) is also on the Certification Label.

The engine number is stamped on the engine block as shown.

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Tire information— —Tire symbols (Standard tire)

SU21017b

This illustration indicates typical tire symbols. 1. Tire size—For details, see “Tire

size” on page 112.

2. DOT and Tire

Identification Number (TIN)—For details, see “DOT and Tire Identification Num- ber (TIN)” on page 111.

3. Location of tread wear indica- tors—For details, see “Checking and replacing tires” on page 194. 4. Tire ply composition and mate- rials—Plies mean a layer of rub- ber−coated parallel cords. Cords mean the strands forming the plies in the tire.

5. Radial tires or bias−ply tires—A radial tire has “RADIAL” on the sidewall. A tire not marked with “RADIAL” is a bias−ply tire.

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6. “TUBELESS”

or

“TUBE TYPE”—A tubeless tire does not have a tube inside the tire and air is directly filled in the tire. A tube type tire has a tube inside the tire and the tube maintains the air pressure.

7. Load limit at maximum cold tire inflation pressure—For details, see “Checking and replacing tires” on page 194.

tire

8. Maximum cold

inflation pressure—This means the pres- sure to which a tire may be in- flated. For recommended cold tire inflation pressure, see “Tires” on page 217. 9. Summer

tire or all season tire—An all season tire has “M+S” on tire not marked with “M+S” is a summer tire. For details, see “Types of tires” on page 122.

the sidewall. The

10.Uniform tire quality grading— For details, see “Uniform tire quali- ty grading” that follows.

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—Tire symbols (Compact spare tire)

SU21028

This illustration indicates typical tire symbols. 1. “TEMPORARY USE ONLY”—A compact spare tire is identified by the phrase “TEMPORARY USE ONLY” molded into its sidewall. This tire is designed for temporary emergency use only. For details, see “Compact spare tire” on page 145.

2. Tire size—For details, see “Tire

size” on page 112.

3. DOT and Tire

Identification Number (TIN)—For details, see “DOT and Tire Identification Num- ber (TIN)” on page 111.

4. Location of tread wear indica- tors—For details, see “Checking and replacing tires” on page 194. 5. Load limit at maximum cold tire inflation pressure—For details, see “Checking and replacing tires” on page 194.

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6. Maximum cold

tire

inflation pressure—This means the pres- sure to which a tire may be in- flated. For recommended cold tire inflation pressure, see “Tires” on page 217.

7. Tire ply composition and mate- rials—Plies mean a layer of rub- ber−coated parallel cords. Cords mean the strands forming the plies in the tire.

8. “TUBELESS”

or

“TUBE TYPE”—A tubeless tire does not have a tube inside the tire and air is directly filled in the tire. A tube type tire has a tube inside the tire and the tube maintains the air pressure.

9. Radial tires or bias−ply tires—A radial tire has “RADIAL” on the sidewall. A tire not marked with “RADIAL” is a bias−ply tire.

The “DOT” symbol certifies that the tire conforms to applicable Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standards.

—DOT and Tire Identification Number (TIN)

SU21021b

This illustration indicates typical DOT and Tire Identification Number (TIN). 1. “DOT” symbol 2. Tire Identification Number (TIN) 3. Tire manufacturer’s identification

mark

4. Tire size code 5. Manufacturer’s optional tire type

code

6. Manufacturing week 7. Manufacturing year

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—Tire size

—Name of each section of tire

SU21014a

SU21026a

This illustration indicates typical tire size. 1. Tire use

(P=Passenger car,

T=Temporary use)

2. Section width (in millimeters) 3. Aspect ratio (tire height to section

width)

4. Tire construction code (R=Radial,

D=Diagonal)

5. Wheel diameter (in inches) 6. Load index (2 digits or 3 digits) 7. Speed symbol (alphabet with one

letter)

112

1. Section width 2. Tire height 3. Wheel diameter

1. Bead 2. Sidewall 3. Shoulder 4. Tread 5. Belt 6. Inner liner 7. Reinforcing rubber 8. Carcass 9. Rim lines 10.Bead wires 11. Chafer

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—Uniform tire quality grading This information has been prepared in accordance with regulations issued by the National Highway Traffic Safe- ty Administration of the U.S. Depart- ment of Transportation. It provides the purchasers and/or prospective purchasers of Toyota vehicles with in- formation on uniform tire quality grad- ing. Your Toyota dealer will help answer any questions you may have as you read this information. DOT quality grades—All passenger vehicle tires must conform to Fed- eral Safety Requirements in addi- tion these grades. Quality grades can be found where appli- cable on the tire sidewall between tread shoulder and maximum sec- tion width. For example: Treadwear 200 Traction AA Temperature A.

to

Tread wear—The tread wear grade is a comparative rating based on the wear rate of the tire when tested un- der controlled conditions on a speci- fied government test course. For ex- ample, a tire graded 150 would wear one and a half (1−1/2) times as well on the government course as a tire graded 100. The relative performance of tires depends upon the actual conditions of their use, however, and may depart significantly from the norm due to variations in driving hab- its, service practices and differences in road characteristics and climate.

Traction AA, A, B, C—The traction grades, from highest to lowest, are AA, A, B, and C, and they represent the tire’s ability to stop on wet pave- ment as measured under controlled conditions on specified government test surfaces of asphalt and concrete. A tire marked C may have poor trac- tion performance. Warning: The traction grade assigned to tire is based on braking (straight ahead) traction tests and does not include cornering (turning) traction.

this

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Temperature A, B, C—The tempera- ture grades are A (the highest), B, and C, representing the tire’s resis- tance to the generation of heat and its ability to dissipate heat when tested under controlled conditions on a specified indoor laboratory test wheel. Sustained high temperature can cause the material of the tire to degenerate and reduce tire life, and excessive temperature can lead to sudden tire failure. The grade C cor- responds to a level of performance which all passenger car tires must meet under the Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standard No. 109. Grades B and A represent higher levels of per- formance on the laboratory test wheel than the minimum required by law. Warning: The temperature grades for this tire are established for a tire that is properly inflated and not over- loaded. Excessive speed, underinfla- tion, or excessive loading, either sep- arately or in combination, can cause heat buildup and possible tire failure.

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—Glossary of tire terminology

Tire related term

Cold tire inflation pressure

Maximum inflation pressure

Recommended inflation pressure

Accessory weight

Curb weight

Maximum loaded vehicle weight

Normal occupant weight

Meaning

tire inflation pressure when the vehicle has been parked for at least 3 hours or more, or it has not been driven more than 1.5 km or 1 mile under that condition the maximum cold inflation pressure to which a tire may be inflated and it is shown on the sidewall of the tire cold tire inflation pressure recommended by a manufacturer the combined weight (in excess of those standard items which may be replaced) of automatic transmission, power steering, power brakes, power windows, pow- er seats, radio, and heater, to the extent that these items are available as factory−installed equipment (whether installed or not) the weight of a motor vehicle with standard equipment including the maximum capacity of fuel, oil, and coolant, and, if so equipped, air conditioning and addi- tional weight optional engine

the sum of— (a) curb weight; (b) accessory weight; (c) vehicle capacity weight; and (d) production options weight 68 kg (150 lb.) times the number of occupants specified in the second column of Table 1 that follows

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Tire related term

Meaning

Production options weight

Vehicle capacity weight (Total load capacity)

Intended outboard sidewall

Occupant distribution

Rim

Rim diameter (Wheel diameter) Rim size designation Rim type designation Rim width

Vehicle maximum load on the tire

the combined weight of those installed regular production options weighing over 2.3 kg (5 lb.) in excess of those standard items which they replace, not pre- viously considered in curb weight or accessory weight, including heavy duty brakes, ride levelers, roof rack, heavy duty battery, and special trim the rated cargo and luggage load plus 68 kg (150 lb.) times the vehicle’s desig- nated seating capacity (A) the sidewall that contains a whitewall, bears white lettering or bears manufacturer, brand, and/or model name molding that is higher or deeper than the same molding on the other sidewall of the tire, or

(B) the outward facing sidewall of an asymmetrical tire that has a particular

side that must always face outward when mounted on a vehicle

distribution of occupants in a vehicle as specified in the third column of Table 1 that follows a metal support for a tire or a tire and tube assembly upon which the tire beads are seated nominal diameter of the bead seat rim diameter and width the industry of manufacturer’s designation for a rim by style or code nominal distance between rim flanges the load on an individual tire that is determined by distributing to each axle its share of the maximum loaded vehicle weight and dividing by two

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Tire related term

Meaning

Vehicle normal load on the tire

Weather side

the load on an individual tire that is determined by distributing to each axle its share of the curb weight, accessory weight, and normal occupant weight (distributed in accordance with Table 1 that follows) and dividing by two the surface area of the rim not covered by the inflated tire

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Table 1–Occupant loading and distribution for vehicle normal load for various designated seating capacities

Designated seating capacity,

Number of occupants

Vehicle normal load, Number of occupants

Occupant distribution in a normally

loaded vehicle

2 through 4
5 through 10

2 in front 2 in front, 1 in second seat

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Vehicle load limits Vehicle load limits include total load capacity, seating capacity, towing ca- pacity and cargo capacity. Follow the load limits shown below. Total load capacity:

280 kg (617 lb.)

Total load capacity means combined weight of occupants, cargo and lug- gage. Tongue load is included when trailer towing. Seating capacity:

Total 4 (Front 2, Rear 2)

Seating capacity means the maximum number of occupants whose esti- mated average weight is 68 kg (150
lb.) per person. Depending on the weight of each person, the seating ca- pacity given may exceed the total load capacity.

Towing capacity: 318 kg (700 lb.)

Towing capacity means the maximum gross trailer weight (trailer weight plus its cargo weight) that your vehicle is able to tow. Cargo capacity Cargo capacity may increase or de- crease depending on the size (weight) and the number of occupants. For de- tails, see “Capacity and distribution” that follows.

CAUTION

Do not apply the load more than each load limit. That may cause not only damage to the tires, but also deterioration to the steering ability and braking ability, which may cause an accident.

NOTICE

Even if the number of occupants are within the seating capacity, do not ex- ceed the total load capacity.

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NOTICE

Do not load the vehicle beyond the vehicle capacity weight giv- en in Section 8.

04 05.18

Cargo and luggage— —Stowage precautions When stowing cargo and luggage in the vehicle, observe the following: D Put cargo and luggage in the lug- gage compartment when at all possible. Be sure all items are se- cured in place.

D Be careful to keep the vehicle bal- anced. Locating the weight as far forward as possible helps maintain the balance.

D For better fuel economy, do not

carry unneeded weight.

CAUTION

D To prevent cargo and luggage from sliding forward during braking, do not stack anything in the luggage compartment higher than the seatbacks.

D Never allow anyone to ride in the luggage compartment. It is not designed for passengers. They should ride in their seats with their seat belts properly fastened. Otherwise, they are much more likely to suffer seri- ous bodily injury, in the event of sudden braking or a colli- sion.

D Do not place anything on the luggage cover. Such items may be thrown about and possibly injure people in the vehicle during sudden braking or an accident. Secure all items in a safe place.

D Do not drive with objects left on top of the instrument panel. They may interfere with the driver’s field of view. Or they may move during sharp vehicle acceleration or turning, and im- pair the driver’s control of the vehicle. In an accident they may injure the vehicle occu- pants.

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FOR

—Capacity and distribution Cargo capacity depends on the to- tal weight of the occupants. (Cargo capacity) = (Total load capac- ity) – (Total weight of occupants) STEPS CORRECT LOAD LIMIT 1. Locate

“The combined weight of occupants and cargo should never exceed XXX pounds” on your vehicle’s placard. 2. Determine the combined weight of the driver and passengers that will be riding in your vehicle.

DETERMINING

statement

the

3. Subtract the combined weight of the driver and passengers from XXX kilograms or XXX pounds.

4. The resulting figure equals the available amount of cargo and lug- gage load capacity. For example, if the “XXX” amount equals 1400
lbs. and there will be five 150 lb. passengers in your vehicle, the amount of available cargo and lug- gage load capacity is 650 lbs. (1400–750 (5x150)=650 lbs).

5. Determine the combined weight of luggage and cargo being loaded on the vehicle. That weight may not safely exceed the available cargo and luggage load capacity calculated in Step 4.

6. If your vehicle will be towing a trailer, load from your trailer will be transferred to your vehicle. Consult this manual to determine how this reduces the available car- go and luggage load capacity of your vehicle. For details about trailer towing, see page 130.

SU21016

Cargo capacity

Total load capacity

EXAMPLE ON YOUR VEHICLE In case that 2 people with the com- bined weight of 166 kg (366 lb.) are riding in your vehicle with the total load capacity of 280 kg (617 lb.), the available amount of cargo and lug- gage load capacity will be as follows: 280 kg – 166 kg = 114 kg. (617 lb. – 366 lb. = 251 lb.) From this condition, if 2 more passen- gers with the combined weight of 100
kg (221 lb.) get on, the available car- go and luggage load will be reduced as follows:

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114 kg – 100 kg = 14 kg. (251 lb. – 221 lb. = 30 lb.) As shown in the above example, if the number of occupants increases, the cargo and luggage load equaling the combined weight of occupants who got on later must be reduced. In other words, if the increase in the number of occupants causes the excess of the total load capacity (combined weight of occupants plus cargo and luggage load), you have to reduce the cargo and luggage on your vehicle. For details about total load capacity, see “Vehicle load limits” on page 119.

CAUTION

Even if the total load of occu- pant’s weight and the cargo load is less than the total load capac- ity, do not apply the load uneven- ly. That may cause not only dam- age to the tire but also deteriora- tion to the steering ability due to unbalance of the vehicle, causing an accident.

Types of tires Determine what kind of tires your vehicle is originally equipped with. 1. Summer tires Summer tires are high−speed capabil- ity tires best suited to highway driving under dry conditions. Since summer tires do not have the same traction performance as snow tires, summer tires are inadequate for driving on snow−covered or icy roads. For driving on snow−covered or icy roads, we recommend using snow tires. If installing snow tires, be sure to replace all four tires. 2. All season tires All season tires are designed to pro- vide better traction in snow and to be adequate for driving in most winter conditions, as well as for use all year round.

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traction

All season tires, however, do not have adequate performance compared with snow tires in heavy or loose snow. Also, all season tires fall short in acceleration and handling performance compared with summer tires in highway driving. The details about how to distinguish summer tires from all season tires are described on page 108.

CAUTION

D Do not mix summer and all sea- son tires on your vehicle as this can cause dangerous han- dling characteristics, resulting in loss of control.

D Do not use tires other than the manufacturer’s designated tires, and do not mix tires or wheels of the sizes different from the originally equipped tires and wheels as this can cause dangerous handling characteristics, resulting in loss of control.

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SECTION 3

STARTING AND DRIVING Before starting the engine How to start the engine Tips for driving in various conditions Winter driving tips Dinghy towing Trailer towing How to save fuel and make your vehicle last longer, too

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

126
126
127
128
129
130
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Before starting the engine 1. Check the area around the vehicle be-

fore entering it.

2. Adjust seat position, seatback angle, restraint height and steering

head wheel angle.

3. Adjust mirrors.

inside and outside

rear view

4. Lock all doors. 5. Fasten seat belts.

How to start the engine— (a) Before cranking 1. Apply the parking brake firmly. 2. Turn off unnecessary lights and acces-

sories.

into neutral. Hold

3. Manual transmission: Press the clutch pedal to the floor and shift the trans- mission the clutch pedal to the floor until the engine is started. A starter safety device will pre- vent the starter from operating if the clutch pedal is not fully depressed. Automatic transmission: Put the se- lector lever in “P”. If you need to re- start the engine while the vehicle is moving, put the selector lever in “N”. A starter safety device will prevent the starter the selector lever is in any drive position.

from operating if

4. Automatic

transmission only: De- press the brake pedal and hold it to the floor until driving off.

in

the

instructions

the engine, be sure

to “(a) Before

(b) Starting the engine Before starting follow cranking”. Normal starting procedure The multiport fuel injection system/sequen- tial multiport fuel injection system in your engine automatically controls the proper air−fuel mixture for starting. You can start a cold or hot engine as follows: 1. With your foot off the accelerator ped- al, crank the engine by turning the key to “START”. Release it when the en- gine starts.

2. After the engine runs for about 10 se-

conds, you are ready to drive.

If the weather is below freezing, let the engine warm up for a few minutes before driving. If the engine stalls... Simply restart it, using the correct proce- dure given in normal starting. If the engine will not start... See “If your vehicle will not start” in Sec- tion 4.

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NOTICE

z Do not crank for more than 30 se- conds at a time. This may overheat the starter and wiring systems.

z Do not race a cold engine. z If the engine becomes difficult to start or stalls frequently, have the engine checked immediately.

Tips for driving in various conditions D Always slow down in gusty crosswinds. This will allow you much better control. D Drive slowly onto curbs and, if pos- sible, at a right angle. Avoid driving onto high, sharp−edged objects and other road hazards. Failure to do so can lead to severe tire damage such as a tire burst. Drive slowly when passing over bumps or travelling on a bumpy road. Other- wise, the impact could cause severe damage to the tires and/or wheels.

they

D When parking on a hill, turn the front wheels until touch the curb so that the vehicle will not roll. Apply the parking brake, and place the transmis- sion in “P” (automatic) or in first or reverse (manual). If necessary, block the wheels.

D Washing your vehicle or driving through deep water may get the brakes wet. To see whether they are wet, check that there is no traffic near you, and then press the pedal lightly. If you do not feel a normal braking force, the brakes are probably wet. To dry them, drive the vehicle cautiously while lightly pressing the brake pedal with the park- ing brake applied. If they still do not work safely, pull to the side of the road and call a Toyota dealer for assistance.

CAUTION

D Before driving off, make sure that the parking brake is fully released and reminder light is off.

the parking brake

D Do not

leave your vehicle unat- tended while the engine is running. D Do not rest your foot on the brake pedal while driving. It can cause dangerous overheating, needless wear, and poor fuel economy.

D To drive down a long or steep hill, reduce your speed and downshift. Remember, if you ride the brakes excessively, they may overheat and not work properly.

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D Be careful when accelerating, up- shifting, downshifting or braking on a slippery surface. Sudden accelera- tion or engine braking could cause the vehicle to skid or spin.

tire dealer

D Do not drive in excess of the speed limit. Even if the legal speed limit permits it, do not drive over 140
km/h (85 mph) unless your vehicle has high−speed capability tires. Driving over 140 km/h (85 mph) may result in tire failure, loss of control and possible injury. Be sure to con- sult a to determine whether the tires on your vehicle are high−speed capability tires or not before driving at such speeds. D Do not continue normal driving when the brakes are wet. If they are require a wet, your vehicle will longer stopping distance, and it may pull the brakes are applied. Also, the park- ing brake will not hold the vehicle securely.

to one side when

Winter driving tips Make sure you have a proper freeze protection for engine coolant. Only use “Toyota Super Long Life Coolant” or similar high quality ethylene glycol based non−silicate, non−amine, non−nitrite, and non−borate coolant with long−life hy- brid organic acid technology. (Coolant with long−life hybrid organic acid technology is a combination of low phosphates and or- ganic acids.) See “Checking the engine coolant level” in Section 7−2 type selection. “Toyota Super Long Life Coolant” is a mix- ture of 55% coolant and 45% deionized water. This coolant provides protection down to about −42_C (−44_F).

for details of coolant

NOTICE

Do not use plain water alone.

Cold temperatures reduce the capacity of any battery, so it must be in top shape to provide enough power for winter start- ing. Section 7−3 tells you how to visually inspect the battery. Your Toyota dealer and most service stations will be pleased to check the level of charge.

Make sure the engine oil viscosity is suitable for the cold weather. See Section 7−2 for recommended viscos- ity. Leaving a heavy summer oil in your vehicle during winter months may cause harder starting. If you are not sure about which oil to use, call your Toyota deal- er—they will be pleased to help. Keep the door locks from freezing. Squirt lock de−icer or glycerine into the locks to keep them from freezing. To open a frozen lock, try heating the key before inserting it. Use a washer fluid containing an anti- freeze solution. This product is available at your Toyota dealer and most auto parts stores. Follow the manufacturer’s directions for how much to mix with water.

NOTICE

Do not use engine antifreeze or any other substitute because it may dam- age your vehicle’s paint.

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into

in and around

Do not use your parking brake when there is a possibility it could freeze. When parking, put the transmission into “P” (automatic) or first or reverse (manual) and block the rear wheels. Do not use the parking brake, or snow or water accumulated the freeze, parking brake mechanism may making it hard to release. Keep ice and snow from accumulating under the fenders. Ice and snow built up under your fenders can make steering difficult. During bad winter driving, stop and check under the fenders occasionally. Depending on where you are driving, we recommend you carry some emer- gency equipment. Some of the things you might put in the vehicle are tire chains, window scraper, bag of sand or salt, flares, small shovel, jumper cables, etc.

Dinghy towing (with automatic transmission)

Dinghy towing (with manual transmission)

SU31006a

SU31007a

Your vehicle to be dinghy towed (with four wheels on the ground) behind a motorhome.

is not designed

Your vehicle can be dinghy towed (with four wheels on the ground) from the front behind a motorhome.

NOTICE

CAUTION

Do not tow your vehicle with four wheels on the ground. This may cause serious damage to your vehicle.

Dinghy towing requires special equip- ment and accessories. Please refer to your service outlet of the motorhome manufacture recommended equipment.

the

for

NOTICE

Dinghy towing does not eliminate the possibility of damage to your vehicle.

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DINGHY TOWING TIPS Before dinghy towing, be sure to ob- serve the following in order to reduce the damage to your vehicle. 1. Put the shift lever in neutral. 2. Turn the ignition switch to the “ACC” position. Make sure the audio is turned off and any item is not plugged into the power outlet.

NOTICE

To avoid the locking of the steering wheel, turn the ignition switch to the “ACC” position.

3. Release the parking brake. After dinghy towing, let the engine idle for more than 3 minutes before driving the vehicle.

SU31008b

NOTICE

Do not tow your vehicle from the rear. This may cause serious damage to your vehicle.

vehicle. Towing

Trailer towing Your vehicle is designed primarily as a passenger−carrying trailer will have an adverse effect on handling, performance, braking, durability and driving economy (fuel consumption, etc.). Your safety and satisfaction depend on the proper use of correct equipment and cautious driving habits. For your safety and the safety of others, you must not overload your vehicle or trailer. Toyota warranties do not apply to damage or malfunction caused by towing a trailer for commercial purposes. Ask your local further details before Toyota dealer towing.

for

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WEIGHT LIMITS Before towing, make sure the total trailer weight, gross vehicle weight, gross axle weight and trailer tongue load are all with- in the limits. The total trailer weight and tongue load can be measured with platform scales found at a highway weighing station, build- ing supply company, trucking company, junk yard, etc.

SU21006a

CAUTION

D The

total

trailer weight its cargo

(trailer weight plus load) must not exceed 318 kg (700 lb.), regard- less of the trailer with or without a brake. Exceeding this weight is dan- gerous.

D Trailer hitch assemblies have differ- ent weight capacities established by the hitch manufacturer. Even though the vehicle may be physically capa- ble of towing a higher weight, the operator must determine the maxi- mum weight rating of the particular hitch assembly and never exceed the maximum weight rating speci- fied for the trailer−hitch. Exceeding the maximum weight rating set by the trailer hitch manufacturer can cause an accident resulting in seri- ous personal injuries.

indicated on

D The gross vehicle weight must not the Gross Vehicle Weight exceed (GVWR) the Rating Certification Label. The gross ve- hicle weight is the sum of weights of the unloaded vehicle, driver, pas- sengers, luggage, hitch and trailer tongue includes the weight of any special equipment installed on your vehicle.

It also

load.

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D The load on either the front or rear axle resulting from distribution of the gross vehicle weight on both axles must not exceed the Gross Axle Weight Rating (GAWR) listed on the Certification Label.

Total trailer weight

Tongue load

SY31001a

Tongue load

Total trailer weight

X 100 = 9 to 11%

D The trailer cargo

the

total

to 11% of

load should be distributed so that the tongue load is 9 trailer weight, not exceeding the maximum of 31 kg (68 lb.). Never load the trailer with more weight in the back than in the front. About 60% of the trailer load should be in the front half of the trailer and the remaining 40% in the rear.

HITCHES D Use only a hitch (Toyota genuine hitch or equivalent) which is recommended by the hitch manufacturer and conforms to the total trailer weight requirement. D Follow the directions supplied by the hitch manufacturer. Lubricate the hitch ball with a light coat of grease.

D Toyota recommends removing the trail- er hitch whenever you are not towing to reduce the possibility of additional damage caused by the hitch if your vehicle is struck from behind.

trailer

NOTICE

Do not use axle−mounted hitches as they can cause damage to the axle housing, wheel bearings, wheels or tires. Also, never install a hitch which may interfere with the normal function of and Energy Absorbing Bumper, if so equipped.

BRAKES AND SAFETY CHAINS D Toyota

recommends

trailers with brakes that conform to any applica- ble federal and state/provincial regu- lations.

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D A safety chain must always be used between the towing vehicle and the trailer. Leave sufficient slack in the chain for turns. The chain should cross under to prevent the tongue from dropping to the ground in case it becomes dam- aged or separated. For correct safety chain procedures, follow the hitch or trailer manufacturer’s recommenda- tion.

tongue

trailer

the

CAUTION

D Never tap

into your vehicle’s hy- draulic system as it would lower its braking effectiveness.

D Never tow a trailer without using a safety chain securely attached to both the trailer and the vehicle. If damage occurs to the coupling unit or hitch ball, there is danger of the trailer wandering over into another lane.

TIRES D Ensure

that your vehicle’s

tires are properly inflated. See page 191 in Sec- tion 7−2 and page 217 in Section 8 for instructions.

D The trailer tires should be inflated to the pressure recommended by the trail- er manufacturer in respect to the total trailer weight.

local

local

TRAILER LIGHTS D Trailer lights must comply with federal, regulations. state/provincial and See your recreational vehicle dealer or rental agency for the correct type of wiring and relays for your trail- er. Check for correct operation of the turn signals and stop lights each time you hitch up. Direct splicing may dam- age your vehicle’s electrical system and cause a malfunction of your lights.

BREAK−IN SCHEDULE D Toyota recommends

that you do not tow a trailer with a new vehicle or a vehicle with any new power train com- ponent (engine, transmission, differen- tial, wheel bearing, etc.) for the first 800 km (500 miles) of driving.

MAINTENANCE D If you tow a trailer, your vehicle will require more frequent maintenance due this to the information, scheduled maintenance in the “Scheduled Maintenance Guide” or “Owner’s Manual Supplement”.

load. For to

additional please

information

refer

the

D Retighten all fixing bolts of the towing ball and bracket after approximately 1000 km (600 miles) of trailer driving.

PRE−TOWING SAFETY CHECK D Check that your vehicle remains level when a loaded or unloaded trailer is hitched. Do not drive if the vehicle has an abnormal nose−up or nose−down condition, and check improper tongue load, overload, worn suspension or other possible causes.

for

D Make sure the trailer cargo is securely

loaded so that it can not shift.

D Check that your rear view mirrors con- form to any applicable federal, state/ provincial or local regulations. If not, install the rear view mirrors required for towing purpose.

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TRAILER TOWING TIPS When towing a trailer, your vehicle will handle differently than when not tow- ing. The three main causes of vehicle− trailer accidents are driver error, exces- sive speed and improper trailer loading. Keep these in mind when towing: D Before starting out, check operation of the lights and all vehicle−trailer connec- tions. After driving a short distance, stop and recheck the lights and con- nections. Before actually towing a trail- er, practice turning, stopping and back- ing with a trailer in an area away from traffic until you learn the feel.

D Backing with a trailer is difficult and requires practice. Grip the bottom of the steering wheel and move your hand to the left to move the trailer to the left. Move your hand to the right to move the trailer to the right. (This pro- cedure that when backing without a trailer.) Also, just turn the steering wheel a little at time, avoiding sharp or prolonged turning. Have someone guide you when backing to reduce the risk of an acci- dent.

is generally opposite

to

increased when

D Because stopping distance may be in- vehicle−to−vehicle distance creased, should be towing a trailer. For each 16 km/h (10 mph) of speed, allow at least one vehicle and trailer length between you and the ve- hicle ahead. Avoid sudden braking as you may skid, resulting in jackknifing and loss of control. This is especially true on wet or slippery surfaces.

D Avoid jerky starts or sudden accelera- tion. If your vehicle has a manual transmission, prevent excessive clutch slippage by keeping engine rpm low and not racing the engine. Always start out in first gear.

D Avoid jerky steering and sharp turns. The trailer could hit your vehicle in a tight turn. Slow down before making a turn to avoid the necessity of sudden braking.

D Remember that when making a turn, the trailer wheels will be closer than the vehicle wheels to the inside of the turn. Therefore, compensate for this by making a turning radius with your vehicle.

than normal

larger

D Crosswinds and rough roads will ad- versely affect handling of your vehicle and trailer, causing sway. Pay attention to the rear from time to time to pre- pare yourself for being passed by large trucks or buses, which may cause your vehicle and trailer to sway. If swaying happens, firmly grip the steering wheel and immediately but gradually. Never increase speed. Steer straight ahead. If you make no extreme correction with the steering or brakes, the vehicle and trailer will stabilize.

reduce speed

D Be careful when passing other ve- hicles. Passing requires considerable distance. After passing a vehicle, do not forget the length of your trailer and be sure you have plenty of room be- fore changing lanes.

D In order to maintain engine braking effi- ciency do not use fifth gear (manual transmission) or overdrive (automatic transmission).

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(at

D Because of the added load of the trail- er, your vehicle’s engine may overheat on hot days temperatures over 30°C [85°F]) when going up a long or steep grade with a trailer. If the engine coolant indicates overheating, immediately turn off the air conditioning (if in use), pull off the road and stop in a safe spot. Refer to “If your vehicle overheats” on page 143 in Section 4

temperature gauge

D Always place wheel blocks under both trailer wheels when the vehicle and parking. Apply the parking brake firmly. Put the transmission in “P” (automatic) or in first or reverse (manual). Avoid parking on a slope with a trailer, but if it cannot be avoided, do so only after performing the following:

1. Apply the brakes and hold. 2. Have someone place wheel blocks un- der both the vehicle and trailer wheels. 3. When the wheel blocks are in place, the

release your brakes slowly until blocks absorb the load.

4. Apply the parking brake firmly. 5. Shift into first or reverse (manual) or “P” (automatic) and turn off the engine.

When restarting out after parking on a slope: 1. With the transmission in “P” position the clutch pedal de- the engine. transmission, be the brake pedal de-

(automatic) or pressed (With an automatic sure pressed.)

(manual), start

to keep

2. Shift into gear. 3. Release the parking brake (also foot brake on automatic transmission ve- hicles) and slowly pull or back away from the wheel blocks. Stop and apply your brakes.

4. Have someone retrieve the blocks.

CAUTION

towing speed

D Do not exceed 72 km/h (45 mph) or the posted limit, whichever is lower. Because insta- bility (swaying) of a towing vehicle− trailer in- creases as the speed increases, ex- ceeding 72 km/h (45 mph) may cause loss of control.

combination

usually

D Slow down and downshift before descending steep or long downhill grades. Do not make sudden down- shifts.

long or

D Avoid holding the brake pedal down too frequently. This could cause the brakes to overheat and result in reduced braking effi- ciency.

too

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How to save fuel and make your vehicle last longer, too Improving fuel economy is easy–just take it easy. It will help make your vehicle last longer, too. Here are some specific tips on how to save money on both fuel and repairs: D Keep your tires inflated at the cor- rect pressure. Underinflation causes tire wear and wastes fuel. See Section 7−2 for instructions.

D Do not carry unneeded weight

in your vehicle. Excess weight puts a heavier the engine, causing greater fuel consumption.

load on

D Avoid lengthy warm−up idling. Once the engine is running smoothly, begin driving—but gently. Remember, howev- er, that on cold winter days this may take a little longer.

D Always keep the automatic transmis- sion overdrive turned on. Driving with the overdrive off will reduce the fuel economy. (For details, see “Automatic transmission” in Section 1−7.)

D Accelerate

slowly

smoothly. Avoid jackrabbit starts. Get into high gear as quickly as possible.

and

D Maintain a moderate speed on high- ways. The faster you drive,the greater the fuel consumption. By reducing your speed, you will cut down on fuel con- sumption.

the

D Keep

front wheels

in proper alignment. Avoid hitting the curb and slow down on rough roads. Improper alignment not only causes faster tire wear but also puts an extra load on the engine, which, in turn, wastes fuel. D Keep the bottom of your vehicle free from mud, etc. This not only lessens weight but also helps prevent corro- sion.

D Avoid long engine idling. If you have a long wait and you are not in traffic, it is better to turn off the engine and start again later.

D Avoid engine

lugging or over−rev- ving. Use a gear position suitable for the road on which you are travelling.

D Avoid continuous speeding up and slowing down. Stop−and−go driving wastes fuel.

D Avoid unnecessary stopping and braking. Maintain a steady pace. Try to time the traffic signals so you only need to stop as little as possible or take advantage of through streets to avoid traffic lights. Keep a proper dis- tance from other vehicles to avoid sud- den braking. This will also reduce wear on your brakes.

D Avoid heavy traffic or traffic

whenever possible.

jams

D Do not rest your foot on the clutch or brake pedal. This causes needless wear, overheating and poor fuel econo- my.

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air

lower

and etc.

grease,brakes all

D Keep your vehicle tuned−up and in top shape. A dirty cleaner, improper valve clearance, dirty plugs, dirty not oil adjusted, engine performance and contribute to poor fuel economy. For longer life of all parts and lower operating costs, keep all maintenance work on schedule, and if severe you conditions, vehicle frequent maintenance. receives more (For maintenance information, the “Scheduled Maintenance Guide” or “Owner’s Manual Supplement”.)

scheduled please

under your

often

drive

refer

that

see

to

CAUTION

Never turn off the engine to coast down hills. Your power steering and brake booster will not function with- out the emission control system operates properly only when the engine is run- ning.

the engine running. Also,

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SECTION 4

IN CASE OF AN EMERGENCY If your vehicle will not start If your engine stalls while driving If your vehicle overheats If you have a flat tire If your vehicle becomes stuck If your vehicle needs to be towed If you cannot shift automatic transmission selector lever If you lose your keys

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

140
143
143
144
156
156
161
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If your vehicle will not start— (a) Simple checks Before making these checks, make sure you have followed the correct starting pro- cedure given in “How to start the engine” in Section 3 and that you have sufficient fuel. If the engine does not turn over or turns over too slowly— 1. Check

terminals are

the battery

that

tight and clean.

2. If the battery terminals are connected

correctly, switch on the interior light.

3. If the light does not come on, is dim or goes out when is cranked, the battery is discharged. You may try jump starting. See “(c) Jump starting” for further instructions.

the starter

If the light comes on and is normal, but the engine still will not start, it needs adjustment or repair. Call a Toyota dealer or qualified repair shop.

NOTICE

Do not pull− or push−start the ve- hicle. It may damage the vehicle or cause a collision when the engine three−way catalytic starts. Also the converter may overheat and become a fire hazard.

140

If the engine turns over at its normal speed but will not start— 1. The engine may be flooded because of repeated cranking. See “(b) Starting a flooded engine” for further instructions. 2. If the engine still will not start, it needs repair. Call a Toyota

adjustment or dealer or qualified repair shop.

the key and accelerator pedal

(b) Starting a flooded engine If the engine will not start, your engine may be flooded because of repeated cranking. If this happens, turn the key to “START” with the accelerator pedal fully depressed. Keep in these positions for 15 seconds and re- lease them. Then try starting the engine with your foot off the accelerator pedal. If the engine does not start after 30 se- conds of cranking, release the key, wait a few minutes and try again. If the engine still will not start, it needs adjustment or repair. Call a Toyota dealer or qualified repair shop for assistance.

NOTICE

Do not crank for more than 30 se- conds at a time. This may overheat the starter and wiring systems.

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(c) Jump starting To avoid serious personal injury and damage to your vehicle which might re- sult from battery explosion, acid burns, electrical burns, or damaged electronic components, these instructions must be followed precisely. If you are unsure about how to follow this procedure, we strongly that you seek the help of a competent me- chanic or towing service.

recommend

CAUTION

D Batteries

contain

sulfuric

acid which is poisonous and corrosive. Wear protective safety glasses when jump starting, and avoid spilling acid on your skin, clothing, or ve- hicle.

D If you should accidentally get acid on yourself or in your eyes, remove any contaminated clothing and flush the affected area with water imme- diately. Then get immediate medical attention. If possible, continue to apply water with a sponge or cloth while en route to the medical office.

D The gas normally produced by a battery will explode if a flame or spark is brought near. Use only standardized jumper cables and do not smoke or light a match while jump starting.

NOTICE

The battery used for boosting must be 12 V. Do not jump start unless you are sure that the booster battery is correct.

JUMP STARTING PROCEDURE 1. If

is

the booster battery

installed in another vehicle, make sure the vehicles are not touching. Turn off all unneces- sary lights and accessories. When boosting, use the battery of matching or higher quality. Any other battery may be difficult to jump start with. If jump starting is difficult, charge the battery for several minutes.

2. If required, remove all the vent plugs from the booster and discharged batter- ies. Lay a cloth over the open vents on the batteries. (This helps reduce the explosion hazard, personal injuries and burns.)

3. If the engine in the vehicle with the booster battery is not running, start it and let it run for a few minutes. During jump starting, run the engine at about 2000 rpm with the accelerator pedal lightly depressed.

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Jumper cable

Discharged battery

Negative terminal (“–” mark)

SY41001

SY41002

SF41001

Positive terminal (“+” mark)

Discharged battery

Booster battery

Positive terminal (“+” mark)

4. Make the cable connections in the or-

der a, b, c, d. a. Connect the clamp of the positive (red) jumper cable to the positive (+) terminal on the discharged battery. b. Connect the clamp at the other end of the positive (red) jumper cable to the positive (+) terminal on the booster battery.

Jumper cable

Booster battery

c. Connect the clamp of the negative (black) jumper cable to the negative (−) terminal on the booster battery. d. Connect the clamp at the other end of the negative (black) jumper cable to a solid, stationary, unpainted, metallic point of the vehicle with the discharged battery. The recommended connecting point is shown in the following illustration:

Connecting point

Do not connect the cable to or near any part is cranked.

that moves when

the engine

CAUTION

the connections,

to When making avoid serious injury, do not lean over the battery or accidentally the jumper cables or clamps touch any- thing except the correct battery termi- nals or the ground.

let

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5. Start your engine in the normal way. After starting, run it at about 2000 rpm for several minutes with the accelerator pedal lightly depressed.

6. Carefully disconnect the cables in the exact reverse order: the negative cable and then the positive cable.

7. Carefully dispose of the battery cover cloths—they may now contain sulfuric acid.

8. If removed, replace all the battery vent

plugs.

If the cause of your battery discharging is not apparent (for example, lights left on), you should have it checked at your Toyota dealer. If the first start attempt is not success- ful... Check jumper cables are tight. Recharge the discharged battery with the jumper cables connected for several minutes and restart your en- gine in the normal way. If another attempt is not successful, the battery may be depleted. Have it checked at your Toyota dealer.

the clamp on

that

the

If your engine stalls while driving If your engine stalls while driving... 1. Reduce your speed gradually, keeping a straight line. Move cautiously off the road to a safe place.

2. Turn on your emergency flashers. 3. Try starting the engine again. If the engine will not start, see “If your vehicle will not start”.

CAUTION

If the engine is not running, the pow- er assist for the brakes and steering will not work so steering and braking will be much harder than usual.

If your vehicle overheats If your engine coolant temperature gauge indicates overheating, if you ex- perience a loss of power, or if you hear a loud knocking or pinging noise, the engine has probably overheated. You should follow this procedure... 1. Pull safely off the road, stop the ve- turn on your emergency hicle and flashers. Put the transmission in “P” (automatic) or neutral (manual) and ap- ply the parking brake. Turn off the air conditioning if it is being used.

2. If coolant or steam is boiling out of the radiator or reservoir, stop the engine. Wait until the steam subsides before opening the hood. If there is no coolant boiling over or steam, leave the engine running and make sure the electric cooling fan is operating. If it is not, turn the ignition off.

CAUTION

injury, keep To help avoid personal the hood closed until there is no steam. Escaping steam or coolant is a sign of very high pressure.

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3. Look for obvious coolant leaks from the radiator, hoses, and under the vehicle. However, note that water draining from the air conditioning is normal if it has been used.

CAUTION

the engine

When is running, keep hands and clothing away from the moving fan and engine drive belts.

4. If the coolant is leaking, stop the en- gine immediately. Call a Toyota dealer for assistance.

5. If there are no obvious leaks, check the coolant reservoir. If it is dry, add coolant to the reservoir while the en- gine is running. Fill it about half full. For the coolant type see “Coolant type selection” on page 188 in Section 7−2.

CAUTION

Do not attempt to remove the radiator cap when the engine and radiator are hot. Serious injury could result from scalding hot fluid and steam blown out under pressure.

6. After

the engine coolant

temperature has cooled to normal, again check the coolant level in the reservoir. If neces- sary, bring it up to half full again. Seri- ous coolant loss indicates a leak in the system. You should have it checked as soon as possible at your Toyota dealer.

If you have a flat tire— 1. Reduce your speed gradually, keeping a straight line. Move cau- tiously off the road to a safe place well away from the traffic. Avoid stopping on the center divider of a highway. Park on a level spot with firm ground.

2. Stop the engine and turn on your

emergency flashers.

3. Firmly set the parking brake and put the transmission in “P” (auto- matic) or reverse (manual).

4. Have everyone get out of the ve- hicle on the side away from traffic. 5. Read the following instructions

thoroughly.

CAUTION

When jacking, be sure to observe the following to reduce the possi- bility of personal injury: