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is indicated can vary considerably. For the oil life system to work properly, the system must be reset every time the oil is changed.
When the system has calculated that oil life has been diminished, it indicates that an oil change is necessary. The letters InSP will appear in the odometer display. Change the oil as soon as possible within the mileage indicated on the display. If driving under the best conditions, the oil life system might indicate that an oil change is necessary once a year. The engine oil and filter must be changed at least once a year and at this time the system must be reset. Your dealer/retailer has trained service people who will perform this work using genuine parts and reset the system. It is also important to check the oil regularly and keep it at the proper level. If the system is ever reset accidentally, the oil must be changed at 3,000 miles (5 000 km) since the last oil change. Remember to reset the oil life system whenever the oil is changed.
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Vehicle Service and Care
3. Re-press and hold the cluster stem until the letters InSP are displayed.
4. Press and hold the brake pedal
down, hold the cluster stem down, and turn the ignition key to ON/RUN.
5. The letters InSP in the instrument
panel cluster display will flash. 6. Keep the cluster stem down for at least 10 seconds and release the stem and the brake pedal when the message “new remaining milage” is displayed.
How to Reset the Engine Oil Life System The Engine Oil Life System calculates when to change the engine oil and filter based on vehicle use. Whenever the oil is changed, reset the system so it can calculate when the next oil change is required. If a situation occurs where the oil is changed prior to the letters InSP appearing in the odometer display, reset the system. After changing the engine oil, reset the system: 1. Turn the ignition key to
LOCK/OFF.
2. Press the instrument panel
cluster stem until the odometer is displayed, then release the stem.
What to Do with Used Oil Used engine oil contains certain elements that can be unhealthy for your skin and could even cause cancer. Do not let used oil stay on your skin for very long. Clean your skin and nails with soap and water, or a good hand cleaner. Wash or properly dispose of clothing or rags containing used engine oil. See the manufacturer’s warnings about the use and disposal of oil products. Used oil can be a threat to the environment. If you change your own oil, be sure to drain all the oil from the filter before disposal. Never dispose of oil by putting it in the trash, pouring it on the ground, into sewers, or into streams or bodies of water. Recycle it by taking it to a place that collects used oil.
Engine Air Cleaner/Filter
See Engine Compartment Overview on page 9-6 for the location of the engine air cleaner/filter. When to Inspect the Engine Air Cleaner/Filter Inspect the air cleaner/filter at the Maintenance II intervals and replace it at the first oil change after each 50,000 mile (83 000 km) interval. See “Schedule Maintenance” in Service and Maintenance for
Vehicle Service and Care
9-11
more information. If you are driving in dusty/dirty conditions, inspect the filter at each engine oil change. How to Inspect the Engine Air Cleaner/Filter To inspect the air cleaner/filter, remove the filter from the vehicle and lightly shake the filter to release loose dust and dirt. If the filter remains caked with dirt, a new filter is required. To inspect or replace the engine air cleaner/filter. 1. Remove the screws that hold the
cover on.
2. Disconnect the electrical
connector.
3. Lift off the cover. 4. Inspect or replace the engine air
cleaner/filter.
5. Reverse Steps 1 through 3 to
reinstall the cover and reconnect the electrical connector.
{ CAUTION
Operating the engine with the air cleaner/filter off can cause you or others to be burned. The air cleaner not only cleans the air; it helps to stop flames if the engine backfires. If it is not there and the engine backfires, you could be burned. Do not drive with it off, and be careful working on the engine with the air cleaner/filter off.
If the air cleaner/filter
Notice: is off, a backfire can cause a damaging engine fire. And, dirt can easily get into the engine, which will damage it. Always have the air cleaner/filter in place when you are driving.
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Vehicle Service and Care
Automatic Transmission Fluid It is not necessary to check the transmission fluid level. A transmission fluid leak is the only reason for fluid loss. If a leak occurs, take your vehicle to the dealer/retailer service department and have it repaired as soon as possible. Change the fluid and filter at the intervals listed in the Maintenance Schedule. See “Additional Required Services” in Service and Maintenance. Be sure to use the transmission fluid listed in “Recommended Fluids and Lubricants” in Service and Maintenance. Notice: Use of the incorrect automatic transmission fluid may damage your vehicle, and the damages may not be covered by your warranty.
See “Recommended Fluids and Lubricants” in the Limited Warranty, Maintenance and Owner Assistance Information manual.
Manual Transmission Fluid It is not necessary to check the manual transmission fluid level. A transmission fluid leak is the only reason for fluid loss. If a leak occurs, take the vehicle to the dealer/retailer service department and have it repaired as soon as possible. You may also have your fluid level checked by your dealer/retailer when you have your oil changed. See “Part D: Recommended Fluids and Lubricants” in Service and Maintenance for the proper fluid to use.
Hydraulic Clutch The hydraulic clutch linkage in your vehicle is self-adjusting. This system does not have its own reservoir. It receives fluid from the brake master cylinder reservoir. See Brakes on page 9-22 for more information. Cooling System When you decide it is safe to lift the hood, this is what you see:
A. Coolant Reservoir B. Coolant Reservoir Pressure Cap C. Engine Cooling Fans (Out of view)
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9-13
{ CAUTION
{ CAUTION
An electric engine cooling fan under the hood can start up even when the engine is not running and can cause injury. Keep hands, clothing, and tools away from any underhood electric fan.
If the coolant inside the coolant reservoir is boiling, do not do anything else until it cools down. The vehicle should be parked on a level surface. The coolant level should be at or above the KALT/COLD mark on the coolant reservoir. If it is not, you may have a leak at the coolant reservoir pressure cap or in the radiator hoses, heater hoses, radiator, water pump, or somewhere else in the cooling system.
Heater and radiator hoses, and other engine parts, can be very hot. Do not touch them. If you do, you can be burned. Do not run the engine if there is a leak. If you run the engine, it could lose all coolant. That could cause an engine fire, and you could be burned. Get any leak fixed before you drive the vehicle.
If there seems to be no leak, with the engine on, check to see if the electric engine cooling fans are running. If the engine is overheating, both fans should be running. If they are not, your vehicle needs service.
Notice: Engine damage from running the engine without coolant is not covered by the warranty. Notice: Using coolant other than DEX-COOL® can cause premature engine, heater core, or radiator corrosion. In addition, the engine coolant could require changing sooner, at 30,000 miles (50 000 km) or 24 months, whichever occurs first. Any repairs would not be covered by the vehicle warranty. Always use DEX-COOL® (silicate-free) coolant in the vehicle.
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Vehicle Service and Care
How to Add Coolant to the Coolant Reservoir Notice: This vehicle has a specific coolant fill procedure. Failure to follow this procedure could cause the engine to overheat and be severely damaged. If you have not found a problem yet, check to see if coolant is visible in the coolant reservoir. If coolant is visible but the coolant level is not at or above the KALT/COLD mark, add a 50/50 mixture of clean, drinkable water and DEX-COOL® coolant at the coolant reservoir, but be sure the cooling system, including the coolant reservoir pressure cap, is cool before you do it. See Engine Coolant on page 9-16 for more information.
If no coolant is visible in the coolant reservoir, add coolant as follows:
{ CAUTION
{ CAUTION
Steam and scalding liquids from a hot cooling system can blow out and burn you badly. They are under pressure, and if you turn the coolant reservoir pressure cap — even a little — they can come out at high speed. Never turn the cap when the cooling system, including the coolant reservoir pressure cap, is hot. Wait for the cooling system and coolant reservoir pressure cap to cool if you ever have to turn the pressure cap.
Adding only plain water to the cooling system can be dangerous. Plain water, or some other liquid such as alcohol, can boil before the proper coolant mixture will. The vehicle’s coolant warning system is set for the proper coolant mixture. With plain water or the wrong mixture, the engine could get too hot but you would not get the overheat warning. The engine could catch fire and you or others could be burned. Use a 50/50 mixture of clean, drinkable water and DEX-COOL® coolant.
In cold weather, water
Notice: can freeze and crack the engine, radiator, heater core and other parts. Use the recommended coolant and the proper coolant mixture.
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9-15
{ CAUTION
You can be burned if you spill coolant on hot engine parts. Coolant contains ethylene glycol and it will burn if the engine parts are hot enough. Do not spill coolant on a hot engine.
1. Remove the coolant reservoir pressure cap when the cooling system, including the coolant reservoir pressure cap and upper radiator hose, is no longer hot. Turn the coolant reservoir pressure cap slowly counterclockwise about two or two and one-half turns. If you hear a hiss, wait for that to stop. This will allow any pressure still left to be vented out the discharge hose.
Coolant Reservoir Pressure Cap
2. Keep turning the coolant
reservoir pressure cap slowly, and remove it.
3. Fill the coolant reservoir with
the proper mixture, to the KALT/COLD mark. Wait about five minutes, then check to see if the level is below the mark. If the level is below the KALT/COLD mark, add additional coolant to bring the level up to the mark. Repeat this procedure until the level remains constant at the KALT/COLD mark for at least five minutes.
4. With the coolant reservoir pressure cap off, start the engine and let it run until you can feel the upper radiator hose getting hot. Watch out for the engine cooling fans. By this time, the coolant level inside the coolant reservoir might be lower. If the level is lower than the KALT/COLD mark, add more of the proper mixture to the coolant reservoir until the level reaches the KALT/COLD mark.
5. Replace the coolant reservoir
pressure cap. Be sure the pressure cap is hand-tight and fully seated.
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Vehicle Service and Care
Engine Coolant The cooling system in your vehicle is filled with DEX-COOL® engine coolant. This coolant is designed to remain in your vehicle for five years or 150,000 miles (240 000 km), whichever occurs first, if you add only DEX-COOL® extended life coolant. The following explains your cooling system and how to add coolant when it is low. If you have a problem with engine overheating, see Engine Overheating on page 9-18. A 50/50 mixture of clean, drinkable water and DEX-COOL® coolant will: (cid:129) Give freezing protection down to
−34°F (−37°C).
(cid:129) Give boiling protection up to
265°F (129°C).
(cid:129) Protect against rust and
corrosion.
(cid:129) Help keep the proper engine
temperature. Let the warning lights and gages work as they should.
Notice: Using coolant other than DEX-COOL® can cause premature engine, heater core, or radiator corrosion. In addition, the engine coolant may require changing sooner, at the first maintenance service after each 30,000 miles (50 000 km) or 24 months, whichever occurs first. Any repairs would not be covered by the vehicle warranty. Always use DEX-COOL® (silicate-free) coolant in the vehicle.
What to Use Use a mixture of one-half clean, drinkable water and one-half DEX-COOL® coolant which will not damage aluminum parts. If you use this coolant mixture, you do not need to add anything else. { CAUTION
Adding only plain water to the cooling system can be dangerous. Plain water, or some other liquid such as alcohol, can boil before the proper coolant mixture will. The vehicle’s coolant warning system is set for the proper coolant mixture. With plain water or the wrong mixture, the engine could get too hot but would not get the overheat warning. The engine could catch fire and you or others could be burned. Use a 50/50 mixture of clean, drinkable water and DEX-COOL® coolant.
(cid:129) If you use extra
If an improper coolant
Notice: mixture is used, the engine could overheat and be badly damaged. The repair cost would not be covered by the vehicle warranty. Too much water in the mixture can freeze and crack the engine, radiator, heater core, and other parts. Notice: inhibitors and/or additives in your vehicle’s cooling system, you could damage your vehicle. Use only the proper mixture of the engine coolant listed in this manual for the cooling system. See Recommended Fluids and Lubricants in the Maintenance and Limited Warranty and Owner Assistance Information manual.
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9-17
Checking Coolant
The coolant reservoir is located in the engine compartment on the driver’s side of the vehicle. See Engine Compartment Overview on page 9-6 for more information on location.
{ CAUTION
Turning the coolant reservoir pressure cap when the engine and radiator are hot can allow steam and scalding liquids to blow out and burn you badly. Never turn the coolant reservoir pressure cap – even a little – when the engine and radiator are hot.
The vehicle must be on a level surface. When your engine is cold, the coolant level should be at the KALT/COLD line. Do not overfill the coolant reservoir. Too much coolant can result in an overflow condition when the fluid is hot.
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Vehicle Service and Care
Adding Coolant If you need more coolant, add the proper DEX-COOL® coolant mixture at the coolant reservoir, but only when the engine is cool. If the coolant reservoir is empty, a special fill procedure is necessary. See Cooling System on page 9-12
for instructions on “How to Add Coolant to the Coolant Reservoir.”{ CAUTION
You can be burned if you spill coolant on hot engine parts. Coolant contains ethylene glycol, and it will burn if the engine parts are hot enough. Do not spill coolant on a hot engine.
When replacing the pressure cap, make sure it is hand-tight and fully seated.
If the pressure cap is not
Pressure Cap Notice: tightly installed, coolant loss and possible engine damage may occur. Be sure the cap is properly and tightly secured. See Engine Compartment Overview on page 9-6 for more information on location.
Engine Overheating There is an engine coolant temperature warning light on your vehicle’s instrument panel. See Engine Coolant Temperature Warning Light on page 4-18 for more information.
If Steam Is Coming From Your Engine
{ CAUTION
Steam from an overheated engine can burn you badly, even if you just open the hood. Stay away from the engine if you see or hear steam coming from it. Just turn it off and get everyone away from the vehicle until it cools down. Wait until there is no sign of steam or coolant before you open the hood. If you keep driving when your engine is overheated, the liquids in it can catch fire. You or others could be badly burned. Stop your engine if it overheats, and get out of the vehicle until the engine is cool.
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9-19
If the warning continues and you have not stopped, pull over, stop, and park your vehicle right away. If there is still no sign of steam, you can idle the engine for three minutes while you are parked. If you still have the warning, turn off the engine and get everyone out of the vehicle until it cools down. You may decide not to lift the hood but to get service help right away.
If the engine catches fire
Notice: because of being driven with no coolant, your vehicle can be badly damaged. The costly repairs would not be covered by the vehicle warranty.
If No Steam Is Coming From Your Engine An engine coolant temperature warning can indicate a serious problem. See Engine Coolant Temperature Warning Light on page 4-18. If you get an engine coolant temperature warning, but see or hear no steam, the problem may not be too serious. Sometimes the engine can get a little too hot when you: (cid:129) Climb a long hill on a hot day. (cid:129) Stop after high-speed driving. Idle for long periods in traffic.
If you get the engine coolant temperature warning with no sign of steam, try this for a minute or so: 1. If your air conditioner is on,
turn it off.
2. In heavy traffic, let the engine
idle in N (Neutral) while stopped. If it is safe to do so, pull off the road, shift to P (Park) or N (Neutral) and let the engine idle.
3. Turn on your heater to full hot at the highest fan speed and open the windows as necessary.
If you no longer have the overheat warning, you can drive. Just to be safe, drive slower for about 10 minutes. If the warning does not come back on, you can drive normally.
(cid:129) 9-20
Vehicle Service and Care
Power Steering Fluid When to Check Power Steering Fluid It is not necessary to check the power steering fluid level. A power steering fluid leak is the only reason for fluid loss. If a leak occurs, take your vehicle to the dealer/retailer service department and have it repaired as soon as possible.
Windshield Washer Fluid What to Use When you need windshield washer fluid, be sure to read the manufacturer’s instructions before use. If you will be operating your vehicle in an area where the temperature may fall below freezing, use a fluid that has sufficient protection against freezing.
Adding Washer Fluid
Notice: (cid:129) When using concentrated
washer fluid, follow the manufacturer’s instructions for adding water.
(cid:129) Do not mix water with
ready-to-use washer fluid. Water can cause the solution to freeze and damage your washer fluid tank and other parts of the washer system. Also, water does not clean as well as washer fluid. Fill the washer fluid tank only three-quarters full when it is very cold. This allows for fluid expansion if freezing occurs, which could damage the tank if it is completely full.
Open the cap with the washer symbol on it. Add washer fluid until the tank is full. See Engine Compartment Overview on page 9-6
for reservoir location.(cid:129) Do not use engine coolant
(antifreeze) in your windshield washer. It can damage the vehicle’s windshield washer system and paint.
(cid:129) Windshield Wiper Blade Replacement Front Windshield Wiper Windshield wiper blades should be inspected for wear or cracking. See Maintenance Replacement Parts on page 11-14 for the proper type and length. Raise the wiper arm, tilt the wiper blade at a 90° angle to the wiper arm, and remove to the side. 1. Turn the ignition off. 2. With the key in the ignition and key in the LOCK/OFF position, press the wiper lever down. Release the wiper lever when the wipers are in the vertical position.
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9-21
Rear Windshield Wiper
3. Raise the wiper arm away from
the windshield.
4. Turn the wiper blade at a
90° angle to the wiper arm and remove the blade to the side.
5. Install the new wiper blade. 6. Lower the wiper arm on to the
windshield.
1. Lift the wiper arm straight up. 2. Push the wiper blade straight out
of the wiper arm to remove. 3. Install the new wiper blade.
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Vehicle Service and Care
Brakes Brake Fluid
The brake master cylinder and, on manual transmission vehicles, the clutch hydraulic system use the same reservoir. The reservoir is filled with DOT-4 brake fluid. See Engine Compartment Overview on page 9-6 for the location of the reservoir. There are only two reasons why the brake fluid level in the reservoir might go down:
The brake fluid level goes down because of normal brake lining wear. When new linings are installed, the fluid level goes back up.
(cid:129) A fluid leak in the brake and/or
clutch hydraulic system can also cause a low fluid level. Have the brake and/or clutch hydraulic system fixed, since a leak means that sooner or later the brakes and/or clutch will not work well.
Do not top off the brake/clutch fluid. Adding fluid does not correct a leak. If fluid is added when the brake linings are worn, there will be too much fluid when new brake linings are installed. Add or remove fluid, as necessary, only when work is done on the brake/clutch hydraulic system.
{ CAUTION
If too much brake fluid is added, it can spill on the engine and burn, if the engine is hot enough. You or others could be burned,
(Continued)
CAUTION (Continued)
and the vehicle could be damaged. Add brake fluid only when work is done on the brake and/or clutch hydraulic system.
Refer to Scheduled Maintenance on page 11-3 to determine when to check the brake fluid.
Checking Brake Fluid The brake fluid can be checked without taking off the cap by looking at the brake fluid reservoir. The fluid level should be above MIN. If it is not, have your brake hydraulic system checked to see if there is a leak. After work is done on the brake hydraulic system, make sure the level is above the MIN but not over the MAX mark.
(cid:129) Vehicle Service and Care
9-23
What to Add Use only new DOT-4 brake fluid from a sealed container. It is recommended that the brake hydraulic system be flushed and refilled with new DOT-4 fluid at a regular maintenance service every two years. See Additional Required Services on page 11-6
and Recommended Fluids and Lubricants on page 11-12. Always clean the brake fluid reservoir cap and the area around the cap before removing it. This helps keep dirt from entering the reservoir.{ CAUTION
With the wrong kind of fluid in the brake hydraulic system, the brakes might not work well. This could cause a crash. Always use the proper brake fluid.
Notice: (cid:129) Using the wrong fluid can badly damage brake hydraulic system parts. For example, just a few drops of mineral-based oil, such as engine oil, in the brake hydraulic system can damage brake hydraulic system parts so badly that they will have to be replaced. Do not let someone put in the wrong kind of fluid. If brake fluid is spilled on the vehicle’s painted surfaces, the paint finish can be damaged. Be careful not to spill brake fluid on the vehicle. If you do, wash it off immediately. See Exterior Cleaning on page 9-76.
Brake Wear This vehicle has disc brakes. Notice: Continuing to drive with worn-out brake pads could result in costly brake repair. Front disc brake pads have built-in brake pad wear indicators that make a high-pitched warning sound when the brake pads are worn and new pads are needed. The sound can come and go or be heard all the time the vehicle is moving, except when applying the brake pedal firmly.
{ CAUTION
The brake wear warning sound means that soon the brakes will not work well. That could lead to an accident. When the brake wear warning sound is heard, have the vehicle serviced.
(cid:129) 9-24
Vehicle Service and Care
Rear disc brake pads do not have built-in brake pad wear indicators. Periodic visual inspection of the rear brake pads is required to determine when to replace the pads. Visually inspect the rear brake pads whenever the rear wheels are removed such as during tire rotation. 1. Set the parking brake and make sure that the brakes have been given enough time to cool. 2. Remove the rear wheels. 3. Visually inspect the rear brake
inner pads (C) at each rear wheel through the inspection window in the brake caliper (A).
Properly torqued wheel bolts are necessary to help prevent brake pulsation. When tires are rotated, inspect brake pads for wear and evenly tighten wheel bolts in the proper sequence to torque specifications in Capacities and Specifications on page 10-2. Brake linings should always be replaced as complete axle sets.
Brake Pedal Travel See your dealer/retailer if the brake pedal does not return to normal height, or if there is a rapid increase in pedal travel. This could be a sign that brake service might be required.
Brake Adjustment Every brake stop, the disc brakes adjust for wear.
Brake pads should be replaced when the inner pad (C) is worn to 5/64 in (2 mm) of pad thickness (B). New brake pads, with no wear, are 25/64 of an inch (10 mm) thick.
4. After brake pad inspection or replacement, install the rear wheels.
Some driving conditions or climates can cause a brake squeal when the brakes are first applied or lightly applied. This does not mean something is wrong with the brakes.
Vehicle Service and Care
9-25
Battery This vehicle has a maintenance free battery. When it is time for a new battery, see your dealer/retailer for one that has the replacement number shown on the original battery’s label. See Engine Compartment Overview on page 9-6
for battery location. Warning: Battery posts, terminals, and related accessories contain lead and lead compounds, chemicals known to the State of California to cause cancer and reproductive harm. Wash hands after handling.Replacing Brake System Parts The braking system on a vehicle is complex. Its many parts have to be of top quality and work well together if the vehicle is to have really good braking. The vehicle was designed and tested with top-quality brake parts. When parts of the braking system are replaced — for example, when the brake linings wear down and new ones are installed — be sure to get new approved replacement parts. If this is not done, the brakes might not work properly. For example, if someone puts in brake linings that are wrong for the vehicle, the balance between the front and rear brakes can change — for the worse. The braking performance expected can change in many other ways if the wrong replacement brake parts are installed.
Vehicle Storage
{ CAUTION
Batteries have acid that can burn you and gas that can explode. You can be badly hurt if you are not careful. See Jump Starting on page 9-69 for tips on working around a battery without getting hurt.
Infrequent Usage: If the vehicle is driven infrequently, remove the black, negative (−) cable from the battery. This helps keep the battery from running down. Extended Storage: For extended storage of the vehicle, remove the black, negative (−) cable from the battery or use a battery trickle charger. This helps maintain the charge of the battery over an extended period of time.
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Vehicle Service and Care
Headlamp Aiming The optical headlamp aiming system has been preset at the factory and should need no further adjustment. However, If the vehicle is damaged in a crash, the headlamp aim may be affected and adjustment may be necessary. If oncoming vehicles flash their high beams at you, this may also mean the vertical aim needs to be adjusted. It is recommended that the vehicle is taken to your dealer/retailer for service if the headlamps need to be re-aimed. It is possible however, to re-aim the headlamps as described.
The vehicle should: (cid:129) Be placed so the headlamps are 25 ft. (7.6 m) from a light colored wall.
(cid:129) Have all four tires on a perfectly
level surface which is level all the way to the wall.
(cid:129) Be placed so it is perpendicular
to the wall.
(cid:129) Not have any snow, ice, or
mud on it.
(cid:129) Be fully assembled and all other
work stopped while headlamp aiming is being done.
(cid:129) Have a full tank of fuel and
one person or 160 lbs (75 kg) on the driver seat.
(cid:129) Have all tires properly inflated. Headlamp aiming is done with the vehicle’s low-beam headlamps. The high-beam headlamps will be correctly aimed if the low-beam headlamps are aimed properly.
To adjust the vertical aim on the headlamps: 1. Open the hood. See Hood
Release on page 9-5 for more information.
2. Locate the aim dot on the lens of
the low-beam headlamp.
3. Record the distance from the ground to the aim dot on the low-beam headlamp.
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9-27
Notice: Do not cover a headlamp to improve beam cut-off when aiming. Covering a headlamp may cause excessive heat build-up which may cause damage to the headlamp. 6. Turn on the low-beam headlamps
and place a piece of cardboard or equivalent in front of the headlamp not being adjusted. Do not place it directly on the headlamp. This allows only the beam of light from the headlamp being adjusted to be seen on the flat surface.
4. At a wall, measure from the
ground upward (A) to the recorded distance from Step 3
and mark it.5. Draw or tape a horizontal line (B)
on the wall the width of the vehicle at the height of the mark in Step 4.
7. Locate the vertical headlamp
aiming screws, which are under the hood near each headlamp assembly. The adjustment screw can be turned with a 6 mm socket wrench.
8. Turn the vertical aiming screw
until the headlamp beam is aimed to the horizontal tape line. Turn it clockwise or counterclockwise to raise or lower the angle of the beam.
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Vehicle Service and Care
Bulb Replacement For the proper type of replacement bulbs, see Replacement Bulbs on page 9-34. For any bulb changing procedure not listed in this section, contact your dealer/retailer.
Halogen Bulbs
{ CAUTION
Halogen bulbs have pressurized gas inside and can burst if you drop or scratch the bulb. You or others could be injured. Be sure to read and follow the instructions on the bulb package.
Front Turn Signal Lamps
1. The bulbs of the turn signal lamp are replaced through openings in the front wheel wells. Turn the wheel to gain access to the push tabs and remove the cover.
9. Make sure that the light from
the headlamp is positioned at the bottom edge of the horizontal tape line. The lamp on the left (A) shows the correct headlamp aim. The lamp on the right (B) shows the incorrect headlamp aim.
10. Repeat Steps 7 through 9 for
the opposite headlamp.
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9-29
Center High-Mounted Stoplamp (CHMSL) 1. Open the liftgate. See “Liftgate”
for more information.
2. Turn the bulb socket
counterclockwise and pull straight out.
3. Turn bulb counterclockwise
and remove.
4. Install new bulb. 5. Reverse Steps 2 through 4 to
reinstall.
2. Remove the two pins in the
tailgate trim.
3. Remove the tailgate trim.
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Vehicle Service and Care
Taillamps (Five-Door Hatchback)
4. Unlock the six Center
High-Mounted Stoplamp (CHMSL) clips.
5. Remove the CHMSL from the
top of the tailgate.
6. Reverse Steps 1 through 3 to
reinstall the lamp assembly.
A. Backup Lamp B. Taillamp C. Taillamp/Stoplamp/Turn
Signal Lamp
To replace one of these bulbs: 1. Open the liftgate. 2. To replace the bulbs on the driver side, turn both locks and remove the cover.
Vehicle Service and Care
9-31
9.
Install a new bulb without touching the glass.
10. Reinstall the bulb assembly in
taillamp assembly.
4. Turn the nuts counterclockwise and hold the outside of taillamp assembly.
5. Pull the taillamp assembly
straight out.
6. Remove the three nuts. 7. Press on the tabs on the outside of bulb assembly and remove the bulb assembly.
To replace the bulbs on the passenger side, turn the lock clockwise and remove the cover.
3. Detach the plug connector from
the bulb assembly.
8. Remove the bulb from the bulb
assembly.
11. Make sure the seals are applied
to the taillamp assembly and screws.
12. Insert the taillamp assembly
into the body.
13. Reinstall the three nuts. 14. Attach the plug connector to the
bulb assembly.
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Vehicle Service and Care
Taillamps (Three-Door Hatchback)
A. Backup Lamp B. Taillamp C. Taillamp/Stoplamp/Turn
Signal Lamp
To replace one of these bulbs: 1. Open the liftgate. See Liftgate on
page 2-6 for more information. 2. Detach the plug connector from
the bulb assembly.
5. Remove the seal. 6. Press on the tabs on outside of bulb assembly and remove the bulb assembly.
7. Remove the bulb from the bulb
8.
assembly. Install a new bulb without touching the glass.
3. Turn the nuts counterclockwise and hold the outside of taillamp assembly.
4. Pull the taillamp assembly
straight out.
9. Reinstall the bulb assembly in
taillamp assembly.
10. Make sure the seals are applied
to the taillamp assembly and screws.
11. Insert the taillamp assembly
into the body.
12. Reinstall the three nuts. 13. Attach the plug connector to the
bulb assembly.
License Plate Lamp To replace one of these bulbs:
Vehicle Service and Care
9-33
1. Push tab in and pull down on it to
remove the license plate lamp.
2. Turn and pull the license plate
lamp toward you through the opening.
3. Turn the bulb socket
counterclockwise and pull the bulb straight out of the socket.
4. Install the new bulb. 5. Reverse Steps 1 through 3 to
reinstall the license plate lamp.
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Vehicle Service and Care
Replacement Bulbs
Exterior Lamp
Front Turn Signal Lamp License Plate Lamp Parking Lamp Taillamp
Bulb
Number
3157 NAK
W5W
4157K W21
For replacement bulbs not listed here, contact your dealer/retailer.
Electrical System Add-On Electrical Equipment Notice: Do not add anything electrical to the vehicle unless you check with your dealer/retailer first. Some electrical equipment can damage the vehicle and the damage would not be covered by the vehicle’s warranty. Some add-on electrical equipment can keep other components from working as they should. Add-on equipment can drain the vehicle battery, even if the vehicle is not operating.
The vehicle has an airbag system. Before attempting to add anything electrical to the vehicle, see Servicing Your Airbag-Equipped Vehicle on page 1-35.
Headlamp Wiring The headlamp wiring is protected by fuses in the fuse block. An electrical overload will cause the lamps to turn off. If this happens, have the headlamp wiring checked right away.
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Engine Compartment Fuse Block The engine compartment fuse block is located in the front left side of the engine compartment. See Engine Compartment Overview on page 9-6. To open the fuse block cover, insert a tool into the latch and turn. Pull up on the cover to remove. Notice: Spilling liquid on any electrical components on the vehicle may damage it. Always keep the covers on any electrical component.
Fuses The wiring circuits in the vehicle are protected from short circuits by fuses. This greatly reduces the chance of damage caused by electrical problems. Look at the silver-colored band inside the fuse. If the band is broken or melted, replace the fuse. Be sure to replace a bad fuse with a new one of the identical size and rating. There are two fuse blocks in the vehicle: one in the engine compartment and one in the trunk. There is a fuse puller located on the rear compartment fuse block. See Rear Compartment Fuse Block on page 9-37. It can be used to easily remove fuses from the fuse block.
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Vehicle Service and Care
Fuses
Usage Antilock Brake System (ABS) Valves ABS Pump
Fuses
Usage Climate Control System (Ignition) Engine Cooling Fan (AT and AC only)
Fuses
Usage
Engine Cooling Fan Windshield & Liftgate Glass Washer Motor
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Usage Power Steering Automatic Transmission (Battery) Automatic Transmission (Ignition) ECM (Ignition) Brake Switch Steering Column Module Radio OnStar™ Module/ OnStar™ Interface Module/Display
Fuses
Usage
Fuses
27
28
29
30
3234
35
36
10
1314
15
16
17
18
2021
22
2426
Horn Door Locks Foglamps Windshield Wipers (high speed) Windshield Wipers (low speed) Antilock Brake System, Brake Lamp Switch Vacuum Pump Starter Air Conditioning Clutch Engine Control Module (ECM) (Main Relay) ECM (Battery) Fuel Pump/Injectors ECM (Sensor and Actuators)
Rear Compartment Fuse Block To open the liftgate, See Liftgate on page 2-6.
The rear compartment fuse block is located on the left side of the cargo area behind a cover. Use the fuse puller, to remove and replace fuses.
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Vehicle Service and Care
Fuses
Usage
Fuses
Front Power Window Cluster
11
Usage Climate Control System (Battery) Rear Defogger
Fuses
Usage
12
14
Rear Windshield Wiper Climate Control System (Ignition)
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Fuses
Usage
16
17
18
21
22
2324
29
34
38
3940
Front Passenger Seat Detection Sensor Tire Pressure Monitoring System (TPMS)/Rain Sensor/Inside Rearview Mirror Interior Lights Outside Mirror Heating Sunroof Rear Power Window Diagnostic Link Connector Accessory Power Outlet (APO) Sunroof Door Locks Seat Heating Driver Seat Heating Front Passenger
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Vehicle Service and Care
Tires Your new vehicle comes with high-quality tires made by a leading tire manufacturer. If you ever have questions about the tire warranty and where to obtain service, see the “Limited Warranty, Maintenance and Owner Assistance Information” manual for details. For additional information refer to the tire manufacturer.
CAUTION (Continued)
(cid:129) Overinflated tires are more likely to be cut, punctured, or broken by a sudden impact — such as when you hit a pothole. Keep tires at the recommended pressure.
(cid:129) Worn, old tires can cause accidents. If your tread is badly worn, or if your tires have been damaged, replace them.
See High-Speed Operation on page 9-48 for inflation pressure adjustment for high speed driving.
{ CAUTION
(cid:129) Poorly maintained and
improperly used tires are dangerous.
(cid:129) Overloading your tires can
cause overheating as a result of too much flexing. You could have an air-out and a serious accident. See Loading the Vehicle on page 8-30.
(cid:129) Underinflated tires pose
the same danger as overloaded tires. The resulting accident could cause serious injury. Check all tires frequently to maintain the recommended pressure. Tire pressure should be checked when your tires are cold. See Inflation - Tire Pressure on page 9-47.
(Continued)
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Low-Profile Tires If the vehicle has 225/40ZR18 or 215/45R18 size tires, they are classified as low-profile performance tires. These tires are designed for very responsive driving on wet or dry pavement. You may also notice more road noise with low-profile performance tires and that they tend to wear faster. Notice: low-profile tires, they are more susceptible to damage from road hazards or curb impact than standard profile tires. Tire and/or wheel assembly damage can occur when coming into contact with road hazards like, potholes, or sharp edged objects, or when sliding into a curb. The vehicle warranty does not cover this type of damage. Keep tires set to the correct inflation
If the vehicle has
pressure and, when possible avoid contact with curbs, potholes, and other road hazards.
Winter Tires If the vehicle has 225/40ZR18 or 215/45R18 size tires, they are classified as low-profile performance tires. These tires are designed for very responsive driving on wet or dry pavement. If you expect to drive on snow or ice covered roads often, you may want to get winter tires for your vehicle. All season tires provide good overall performance on most surfaces but they may not offer the traction you would like or the same level of performance as winter tires on snow or ice covered roads. Winter tires, in general, are designed for increased traction on snow and ice covered roads.
With winter tires, there may be decreased dry road traction, increased road noise, and shorter tire tread life. After switching to winter tires, be alert for changes in vehicle handling and braking. See your dealer/retailer for details regarding winter tire availability and proper tire selection. Also, see Buying New Tires on page 9-54. If you choose to use winter tires: (cid:129) Use tires of the same brand and
tread type on all four wheel positions.
(cid:129) Use only radial ply tires of the
same size, load range, and speed rating as your original equipment tires.
Winter tires with the same speed rating as the original equipment tires may not be available for H, V, W, Y and ZR speed rated tires. If you choose winter tires with a lower speed rating, never exceed the tire’s maximum speed capability.
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Vehicle Service and Care
Tire Sidewall Labeling Useful information about a tire is molded into its sidewall. The examples below show a typical passenger vehicle tire and a compact spare tire sidewall.
Passenger (P-Metric) Tire
Example
(A) Tire Size: The tire size is a combination of letters and numbers used to define a particular tire’s width, height, aspect ratio, construction type, and service description.
See the “Tire Size” illustration later in this section for more detail. (B) TPC Spec (Tire Performance Criteria Specification): Original equipment tires designed to GM’s specific tire performance criteria have a TPC specification code molded onto the sidewall. GM’s TPC specifications meet or exceed all federal safety guidelines. (C) DOT (Department of Transportation): The Department of Transportation (DOT) code indicates that the tire is in compliance with the U.S. Department of Transportation Motor Vehicle Safety Standards. (D) Tire Identification Number (TIN): The letters and numbers following DOT (Department of Transportation) code is the Tire Identification Number (TIN).
The TIN shows the manufacturer and plant code, tire size, and date the tire was manufactured. The TIN is molded onto both sides of the tire, although only one side may have the date of manufacture. (E) Tire Ply Material: The type of cord and number of plies in the sidewall and under the tread. (F) Uniform Tire Quality Grading (UTQG): Tire manufacturers are required to grade tires based on three performance factors: treadwear, traction, and temperature resistance. For more information see Uniform Tire Quality Grading on page 9-57. (G) Maximum Cold Inflation Load Limit: Maximum load that can be carried and the maximum pressure needed to support that load.
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(F) Tire Size : A combination of letters and numbers define a tire’s width, height, aspect ratio, construction type, and service description. The letter T as the first character in the tire size means the tire is for temporary use only. (G) TPC Spec (Tire Performance Criteria Specification): Original equipment tires designed to GM’s specific tire performance criteria have a TPC specification code molded onto the sidewall. GM’s TPC specifications meet or exceed all federal safety guidelines.
See Compact Spare Tire on page 9-68 and If a Tire Goes Flat on page 9-60. (C) Tire Identification Number (TIN): The letters and numbers following the DOT (Department of Transportation) code is the Tire Identification Number (TIN). The TIN shows the manufacturer and plant code, tire size, and date the tire was manufactured. The TIN is molded onto both sides of the tire, although only one side may have the date of manufacture. (D) Maximum Cold Inflation Load Limit: Maximum load that can be carried and the maximum pressure needed to support that load. (E) Tire Inflation: The temporary use tire or compact spare tire should be inflated to 60 psi (420 kPa). For more information on tire pressure and inflation see Inflation - Tire Pressure on page 9-47.
Compact Spare Tire Example
(A) Tire Ply Material: The type of cord and number of plies in the sidewall and under the tread. (B) Temporary Use Only: The compact spare tire or temporary use tire has a tread life of approximately 3,000 miles (5 000 km) and should not be driven at speeds over 50 mph (80 km/h). The compact spare tire is for emergency use when a regular road tire has lost air and gone flat. If your vehicle has a compact spare tire.
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Vehicle Service and Care
Tire Size The following illustration shows an example of a typical passenger vehicle tire size.
(A) Passenger (P-Metric) Tire: The United States version of a metric tire sizing system. The letter P as the first character in the tire size means a passenger vehicle tire engineered to standards set by the U.S. Tire and Rim Association. (B) Tire Width: The three-digit number indicates the tire section width in millimeters from sidewall to sidewall. (C) Aspect Ratio: A two-digit number that indicates the tire height-to-width measurements.
For example, if the tire size aspect ratio is 60, as shown in item C of the illustration, it would mean that the tire’s sidewall is 60 percent as high as it is wide. (D) Construction Code: A letter code is used to indicate the type of ply construction in the tire. The letter R means radial ply construction; the letter D means diagonal or bias ply construction; and the letter B means belted-bias ply construction. (E) Rim Diameter: Diameter of the wheel in inches. (F) Service Description: These characters represent the load index and speed rating of the tire. The load index represents the load carry capacity a tire is certified to carry. The speed rating is the maximum speed a tire is certified to carry a load.
Tire Terminology and Definitions Air Pressure: The amount of air inside the tire pressing outward on each square inch of the tire. Air pressure is expressed in pounds per square inch (psi) or kilopascal (kPa). Accessory Weight: This means the combined weight of optional accessories. Some examples of optional accessories are, automatic transmission, power steering, power brakes, power windows, power seats, and air conditioning. Aspect Ratio: The relationship of a tire’s height to its width. Belt: A rubber coated layer of cords that is located between the plies and the tread. Cords may be made from steel or other reinforcing materials.
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Bead: The tire bead contains steel wires wrapped by steel cords that hold the tire onto the rim. Bias Ply Tire: A pneumatic tire in which the plies are laid at alternate angles less than 90 degrees to the centerline of the tread. Cold Tire Pressure: The amount of air pressure in a tire, measured in pounds per square inch (psi) or kilopascals (kPa) before a tire has built up heat from driving. See Inflation - Tire Pressure on page 9-47. Curb Weight: The weight of a motor vehicle with standard and optional equipment including the maximum capacity of fuel, oil, and coolant, but without passengers and cargo.
DOT Markings: A code molded into the sidewall of a tire signifying that the tire is in compliance with the U.S. Department of Transportation (DOT) motor vehicle safety standards. The DOT code includes the Tire Identification Number (TIN), an alphanumeric designator which can also identify the tire manufacturer, production plant, brand, and date of production. GVWR: Gross Vehicle Weight Rating. See Loading the Vehicle on page 8-30. GAWR FRT: Gross Axle Weight Rating for the front axle. See Loading the Vehicle on page 8-30. GAWR RR: Gross Axle Weight Rating for the rear axle. See Loading the Vehicle on page 8-30.
Intended Outboard Sidewall: The side of an asymmetrical tire, that must always face outward when mounted on a vehicle. Kilopascal (kPa): The metric unit for air pressure. Light Truck (LT-Metric) Tire: A tire used on light duty trucks and some multipurpose passenger vehicles. Load Index: An assigned number ranging from 1 to 279
that corresponds to the load carrying capacity of a tire. Maximum Inflation Pressure: The maximum air pressure to which a cold tire can be inflated. The maximum air pressure is molded onto the sidewall. Maximum Load Rating: The load rating for a tire at the maximum permissible inflation pressure for that tire.9-46
Vehicle Service and Care
Maximum Loaded Vehicle Weight: The sum of curb weight, accessory weight, vehicle capacity weight, and production options weight. Normal Occupant Weight: The number of occupants a vehicle is designed to seat multiplied by 150 lbs (68 kg). See Loading the Vehicle on page 8-30. Occupant Distribution: Designated seating positions. Outward Facing Sidewall: The side of an asymmetrical tire that has a particular side that faces outward when mounted on a vehicle. The side of the tire that contains a whitewall, bears white lettering, or bears manufacturer, brand, and/or model name molding that is higher or deeper than the same moldings on the other sidewall of the tire.
Passenger (P-Metric) Tire: A tire used on passenger cars and some light duty trucks and multipurpose vehicles. Recommended Inflation Pressure: Vehicle manufacturer’s recommended tire inflation pressure as shown on the tire placard. See Inflation - Tire Pressure on page 9-47 and Loading the Vehicle on page 8-30. Radial Ply Tire: A pneumatic tire in which the ply cords that extend to the beads are laid at 90 degrees to the centerline of the tread. Rim: A metal support for a tire and upon which the tire beads are seated. Sidewall: The portion of a tire between the tread and the bead. Speed Rating: An alphanumeric code assigned to a tire indicating the maximum speed at which a tire can operate.
Traction: The friction between the tire and the road surface. The amount of grip provided. Tread: The portion of a tire that comes into contact with the road. Treadwear Indicators: Narrow bands, sometimes called wear bars, that show across the tread of a tire when only 1/16 inch (1.6 mm) of tread remains. See When It Is Time for New Tires on page 9-54. UTQGS (Uniform Tire Quality Grading Standards): A tire information system that provides consumers with ratings for a tire’s traction, temperature, and treadwear. Ratings are determined by tire manufacturers using government testing procedures. The ratings are molded into the sidewall of the tire. See Uniform Tire Quality Grading on page 9-57.
Vehicle Capacity Weight: The number of designated seating positions multiplied by 150 lbs (68 kg) plus the rated cargo load. See Loading the Vehicle on page 8-30. Vehicle Maximum Load on the Tire: Load on an individual tire due to curb weight, accessory weight, occupant weight, and cargo weight. Vehicle Placard: A label permanently attached to a vehicle showing the vehicle’s capacity weight and the original equipment tire size and recommended inflation pressure. See “Tire and Loading Information Label” under Loading the Vehicle on page 8-30.
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9-47
Inflation - Tire Pressure Tires need the correct amount of air pressure to operate effectively. Notice: Do not let anyone tell you that under-inflation or over-inflation is all right. It is not. If your tires do not have enough air (under-inflation), you can get the following: (cid:129) Too much flexing (cid:129) Too much heat (cid:129) Tire overloading (cid:129) Premature or irregular wear (cid:129) Poor handling (cid:129) Reduced fuel economy If your tires have too much air (over-inflation), you can get the following: (cid:129) Unusual wear (cid:129) Poor handling (cid:129) Rough ride (cid:129) Needless damage from
road hazards
A vehicle specific Tire and Loading Information label is attached to your vehicle. This label shows your vehicle’s original equipment tires and the correct inflation pressures for your tires when they are cold. The recommended cold tire inflation pressure, shown on the label, is the minimum amount of air pressure needed to support your vehicle’s maximum load carrying capacity. For additional information regarding how much weight your vehicle can carry, and an example of the Tire and Loading Information label, see Loading the Vehicle on page 8-30. How you load your vehicle affects vehicle handling and ride comfort. Never load your vehicle with more weight than it was designed to carry.
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Vehicle Service and Care
When to Check Check your tires once a month or more. Do not forget to check the compact spare tire, it should be at 60 psi (420 kPa). For additional information regarding the compact spare tire, see Compact Spare Tire on page 9-68. How to Check Use a good quality pocket-type gage to check tire pressure. You cannot tell if your tires are properly inflated simply by looking at them. Radial tires may look properly inflated even when they are under-inflated. Check the tire’s inflation pressure when the tires are cold. Cold means your vehicle has been sitting for at least three hours or driven no more than 1 mile (1.6 km).
Remove the valve cap from the tire valve stem. Press the tire gage firmly onto the valve to get a pressure measurement. If the cold tire inflation pressure matches the recommended pressure on the Tire and Loading Information label, no further adjustment is necessary. If the inflation pressure is low, add air until you reach the recommended amount. If you overfill the tire, release air by pushing on the metal stem in the center of the tire valve. Re-check the tire pressure with the tire gage. Be sure to put the valve caps back on the valve stems. They help prevent leaks by keeping out dirt and moisture.
High-Speed Operation
{ CAUTION
Driving at high speeds, 100 mph (160 km/h) or higher, puts an additional strain on tires. Sustained high-speed driving causes excessive heat build up and can cause sudden tire failure. You could have a crash and you or others could be killed. Some high-speed rated tires require inflation pressure adjustment for high speed operation. When speed limits and road conditions are such that a vehicle can be driven at high speeds, make sure the tires are rated for high speed operation, in excellent condition, and set to the correct cold tire inflation pressure for the vehicle load.
If the vehicle has P205/55R16 size tires, additional air pressure is required when driving the vehicle at speeds of 99 mph (158 km/h) or higher. Set the cold tire inflation pressure to the maximum inflation pressure shown on the tire sidewall, or 32 psi (220 kPa), whichever is lower. See the example following. Example: The maximum load and inflation pressure is molded on the tire’s
