2008 Saab 9 3 Owners Manual

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150 Interior equipment Cargo guard 3333, SportCombi NOTE Do not place any objects on the extended cargo guard. It is designed to shield against view and not for storage. To fit 1 Hold the cartridge so that the extendible part faces backward. 2 Position the cartridge over the pin (1) on the left and right-hand sides. Press the cartridge down and rotate it slightly forward until a click is heard. 3 Check the fitting by pulling the cartridge up, it should now be fitted firmly. WARNING A cassette that is incorrectly fitted can detach and cause personal injury in the event of a collision, heavy breaking or similar. Fitting the cargo guard 1 Pin on which the cargo guard is fitted 2 Handle for removing the cargo guard Opening the cargo guard To remove 1 Retract the cargo guard into the cartridge. 2 Pull the handle (2) back and lift up the cartridge. Repeat this on the other side. Opening the cargo guard The cargo guard can be opened halfway in order to facilitate loading objects into the luggage compartment (and to avoid stretch- ing in over the luggage compartment to reach the cargo guard). 1 Open the tailgate. 2 Press the rear lip of the cargo guard down, e.g. with an elbow. The cargo guard now opens halfway so that objects can be more easily loaded into the luggage compartment. 3 Pull the cargo guard down to the lower position 93_US_M08.book Page 151 Friday, May 11, 2007 11:37 AM Starting and driving 151 Starting and driving Ignition switch ________ Steering wheel lock____ Starting the engine ____ Important considerations for driving __________ Refueling ____________ Engine Break-in Period_ Manual transmission___ Automatic transmission 3333 ______ Cruise control ________ Braking______________ Traction Control System (TCS) ______________ 3 Asterisk means: equipment not fitted in all cars (can depend on model variant, engine variant, market specification, options or accessories). Electronic Stability Program ESP® ______ Parking brake_________ Parking ______________ Saab Parking Assistance 3333________ Economical driving_____ 185 Driving in cold weather__ 187 Driving in hot climates __ 189 Towing a trailer 3333 ______ 190 Driving with a roof rack load ________________ 194 Driving with a load _____ 196 Driving with the trunk lid open________________ 196 Driving in deep water ___ 196 Driving at night ________ 197 Towing the car_________ 197 Jump starting _________ 200 For long trips __________ 202 152 154 154 156 159 163 164 165 171 172 175 177 179 179 182 93_US_M08.book Page 152 Friday, May 11, 2007 11:37 AM Starting and driving 152 Ignition switch The ignition switch is located on the center console between the front seats. In cars with automatic transmission, the remote control can only be removed when the selector lever is in position P. NOTE Take care not to spill drinks or to drop crumbs over the ignition switch. If dirt or liquid gets into it, the switch may not operate properly. If snow from clothing falls into the ignition switch and melts, the ignition switch can seize (freeze). Brush snow off clothing before getting into the car. WARNING (cid:127) Always remove the remote control before leaving children unattended in the car. (cid:127) Apply the parking brake before remov- ing the remote control. (cid:127) Never remove the remote control while the car is moving. This will acti- vate the steering wheel lock and make it impossible to steer the car. To allow the various systems in the car time to register that the remote control has been inserted into the ignition switch, do not turn the remote control for roughly half a second. LOCK position The parking lights, hazard warning lights and interior lighting can be turned on. Cars with automatic transmission: Move the gear lever to P. The gear lever is locked in position. This is the only position in which the remote control can be removed. Cars with manual transmission: The remote control can be removed regardless of the position of the gear lever. 93_US_M08.book Page 153 Friday, May 11, 2007 11:37 AM Starting and driving 153 OFF position Parts of the electrical system are operative. Do not leave the remote control in the OFF position with the engine not running as this could cause the battery to run flat in a matter of hours. Cars with automatic transmission: The gear lever is not locked. See also page 166. If the ignition switch is turned from ON to OFF before the car is stationary then turning to LOCK may not be possible. In which case turn the ignition switch to the ON position until the ABS lamp goes out, approx. 2 seconds. Following which, turn it back to OFF. ON position The entire electrical system is operative. Do not leave the remote control in the ON position when the engine is not running. Turn the ignition switch to the OFF position to disconnect the electrical system. When you turn the ignition switch to ON, some indicator and warning lights will come on in the main instrument panel. These should go out after about 3 seconds. ST - starter position The starter motor operates (automatic transmission: selector lever must be in P or N) when the ignition switch is turned to this position. When released, the ignition switch will spring back to the ON position. The car has an electronic restart lock. If the engine fails to start, the ignition switch must first be turned back to a position between OFF and LOCK before the starter motor can be operated again. 93_US_M08.book Page 154 Friday, May 11, 2007 11:37 AM 154 Starting and driving Steering wheel lock The steering wheel lock is electronic. The lock engages when the remote control is removed from the ignition and unlocks when the remote control is inserted. A click can be heard when the steering wheel lock locks and unlocks. If the car is parked with one front wheel touching the curb, for example, you may need to turn the steering wheel slightly when you insert the remote control to allow the steering wheel lock to unlock. If you do not succeed on first attempt you must remove the remote control before trying again. Turn the steering wheel and insert the remote control into the ignition switch. If the steering wheel lock does not disen- gage it will not be possible to turn the remote control in the ignition switch. The following message is shown on the SID: Pull out key, turn steering wheel. Restart. If a fault arises affecting the steering wheel lock, the following message will be displayed on the SID: Starting the engine WARNING Steering lock malfunc. Make a safe stop. If the steering wheel lock malfunctions while the remote control is in the ignition switch, this may prevent the removal of the remote control or prevent the car from being restarted once the engine has been switched off. If you have to leave the car, lock the car by pressing down the lock buttons on the doors. Lock the front left door from outside with the traditional key (see page 50). The car is now locked but the alarm is inactive. (cid:127) When starting the engine: – Sit down in the driver’s seat. – Depress the clutch pedal fully (M/T). If the gear lever is not in the neutral posi- tion, the clutch pedal must be fully depressed or the car will jump for- wards or backwards, which may cause a crash. – Never start the car from outside the vehicle, e.g. through a window that is down. This could lead to serious per- sonal injury. (cid:127) Cars with automatic transmission: select position P to remove the ignition key. The key can only be removed in this gear position. (cid:127) Carbon monoxide (CO) is a colorless, odorless, poisonous gas. Be alert to the danger of CO – always open the garage doors before starting the engine in the garage. (cid:127) Do not rest or sleep in the car when parked with the engine running. There is a risk of depressing the accelerator which could lead to engine damage. (cid:127) There is also a danger of CO poison- ing if the exhaust system is leaking. 93_US_M08.book Page 155 Friday, May 11, 2007 11:37 AM Starting the engine Avoid racing the engine or loading it heavily before it has warmed up. Do not drive away before the warning and indicator lights have gone out. The engine has an automatic choke and should be started as follows: Cars with manual transmission To start the engine the clutch pedal must be fully depressed. 1 Make sure the parking brake is applied. 2 Depress the clutch pedal but do not touch the accelerator. 3 Start the engine. Let the ignition switch spring back as soon as the engine has started and is running smoothly. Allow the engine to idle for about 10 seconds. Do not apply full throttle for at least 3 minutes after starting. Cars with automatic transmission The selector lever must be in the P or N position. 1 The selector lever must be in the P or N position. 2 Keep your foot on the brake pedal. Note! Once the engine has started, the brake pedal will sink. This is perfectly normal. 3 Start the engine. Let the ignition switch spring back as soon as the engine has started and is running smoothly. Allow the engine to idle for about 10 seconds. Do not apply full throttle for at least 3 minutes after starting. Starting and driving 155 Useful tips on starting the engine If the engine has failed to start after several attempts in very cold weather, proceed as follows: 1 Turn the ignition switch to ON (it is essential that you turn the ignition to ON before depressing the accelerator). 2 Press the accelerator to the floor and run the starter motor for 5-10 seconds. This will prevent the engine being flooded (fully depressed accelerator cuts off the fuel supply). 3 Now start the engine in the normal way - do not touch the accelerator. If the engine stalls immediately after starting (e.g. if the clutch was released too quickly), do not touch the accelerator when restarting the engine. 93_US_M08.book Page 156 Friday, May 11, 2007 11:37 AM Starting and driving 156 Important considerations for driving 1 Starting and driving (cid:127) Do not use full throttle until the engine is warm, so as to avoid unnecessary wear. If the needle of the turbo gauge repeatedly enters the red zone, the engine may suddenly lose power, due to the initiation of a monitoring system that limits the boost pressure. We recommend that you contact a Saab dealer as soon as possible. (cid:127) Under certain barometric conditions (high outside temperature and/or high altitude) the needle may enter the first part of the red zone without necessarily indicating that a fault has arisen. (cid:127) A protective function (interruption of the fuel supply) limits the engine speed. 2 Stopping the engine (cid:127) Do not rev the engine immediately before switching it off - stop the engine when it is idling. 3 Regulating the boost pressure (cid:127) One of the advantages of boost pres- sure regulation is that the engine can also be run safely on gasoline with a lower octane rating, although not lower than AON 87. However, engine perfor- mance will fall slightly and heavy load- ing and laboring should be avoided. For optimum performance, use the recom- mended grade of fuel. (cid:127) The maximum boost pressure is regu- lated according to the tendency of the engine to knock. Short-lived knocking is perfectly normal. This can occur when the engine is running at about 3,000 rpm under a heavy load. The extent of this knocking will depend on the grade of fuel in the tank. (cid:127) Isolated instances of knocking can occur with low-octane fuel. This controlled form of knocking, followed by a reduction in the boost pressure, is a sign that the control system is working normally, and is perfectly safe for the engine. NOTE (cid:127) If the engine sounds strange there is a malfunction. We recommend that you contact a Saab dealer immediately. (cid:127) The use of fuel with too low an octane rating can cause serious engine dam- age. Limited performance. The light comes on in the event of an engine or gearbox fault (cars with automatic gear- box), which may cause drivability problems but that does not affect exhaust emission. The car can still be driven but perhaps with limited performance. Contact a dealer whenever an opportunity occurs. We recommend that you contact a Saab dealer. 93_US_M08.book Page 157 Friday, May 11, 2007 11:37 AM Limp-home The engine management system has a diagnostic feature that checks a number of internal functions. If a fault is detected in the throttle valve, the engine management system will set the throttle system to the limp-home mode. This means: (cid:127) idling control will be poor (uneven idling since regulated by ignition and fuel supply) (cid:127) engine performance will be reduced (cid:127) the cruise control will not function (cid:127) the capacity of the A/C compressor will be limited. If the diagnosis function detects a fault in the engine management system, the light "Engine malfunction (CHECK ENGINE)" in the instrument panel will come on (see page 83). Have the car checked at a work- shop as soon as possible. We recommend that you contact a Saab dealer. NOTE "Engine malfunction (CHECK If ENGINE)" warning light starts to flash (indicating that the engine is misfiring and the catalytic converter can be damaged), ease off the accelerator slightly. The light should go out or start to shine constantly. If the light continues to flash despite easing off the accelerator, you may con- tinue to drive the car but at the minimum throttle permitted by the current traffic sit- uation. Have the car checked as soon as possible. We recommend that you con- tact a Saab dealer. Starting and driving 157 Important considerations with catalytic converters The catalytic converter is an emission con- trol device incorporated in the car’s exhaust system. It consists of a metal canister with a honeycomb insert, the cells of which have walls coated in a catalytic layer (precious metal alloy). NOTE Use only unleaded gasoline. Leaded gas- oline is detrimental to the catalyst and oxygen sensor and will seriously impair the function of the catalytic converter. To ensure that the catalytic converter con- tinues to function properly, and also to avoid damage to the converter and its associated components, the following points must be observed: 93_US_M08.book Page 158 Friday, May 11, 2007 11:37 AM 158 Starting and driving (cid:127) Have the car serviced regularly in accor- dance with the service program. (cid:127) Always be alert to any misfiring of the engine (not running on all cylinders) and any loss of power or performance. At the first sign of a malfunction, reduce speed and take the car to a workshop. We recommend that you contact a Saab dealer. (cid:127) If the engine fails to start (in severe cold or if the battery is flat), the car can be bump started (manual transmission only) or started using jump leads to a donor battery. However, as soon as you have started the engine, it is important that it runs on all cylinders. If it is misfiring, allow it to idle for up to 5 minutes to give it time to settle and run smoothly. If, after this time, the engine still fails to run properly, switch off the engine to avoid serious damage to the catalytic converter. We recommend that you contact a Saab dealer for advice. (cid:127) Never park the car on dry grass or other combustible material. The catalytic converter gets very hot and could there- fore start a fire. (cid:127) Never drive off if the engine is misfiring. (cid:127) If you bump start the car when the engine is already at normal working temperature, the engine must start to run on all cylin- ders. Abort bump starting if the engine fails to start immediately. Failure to strictly follow these instructions can result in damage to the catalytic con- verter and associated components, and could represent a breach of the warranty conditions. NOTE If the car runs out of gas, air may be drawn in with the fuel, which, in turn, can cause the catalytic converter to be damaged by overheating. WARNING If the engine is being run with the car on a rolling road or dynamometer, to ensure adequate cooling, air must be blown into the engine compartment and under the car at a rate equivalent to the ram-air effect that would obtain at the corre- sponding road speed. Engine management system with catalytic converter 1 Engine control module 2 Oxygen sensor 3 Catalytic converter 93_US_M08.book Page 159 Friday, May 11, 2007 11:37 AM Refueling WARNING If you spill fuel and then something ignites it, you could be badly burned. Fuel can spray out on you if you open the fuel cap too quickly. This spray can happen if your tank is nearly full, and is more likely in hot weather. Open the fuel cap slowly and wait for any “hiss” noise to stop. Then unscrew the cap all the way. Gasoline fumes are highly explosive. Therefore: (cid:127) never smoke while refueling. (cid:127) never use gasoline for any purpose other than as engine fuel. (cid:127) gasoline is extremely flammable and can cause severe burns. No open or exposed flames near gasoline. (cid:127) do not use a mobile phone at the same time as refueling. If a fire starts while you are refueling, do not remove the nozzle. Shut off the flow of fuel by shutting off the pump or by notify- ing the station attendant. Leave the area immediately. Starting and driving 159 NOTE NOTE (cid:127) Do not overfill. Fuel should not come right up the filler pipe as room for expansion is needed for when the temperature rises. (cid:127) The use of fuel with too low an octane rating can cause serious engine dam- age. (cid:127) Clean fuel from painted surfaces as soon as possible. The engine control module (ECM) moni- toring the engine parameters also stores fault codes. Under certain circumstances, this may cause constant illumination of the Engine malfunction (CHECK ENGINE) lamp , thus indicating a fault that must be checked by your Saab dealer, see page 83. NOTE: always observe the following two measures: (cid:127) Make sure that the fuel filler cap is screwed on correctly before the engine is started. Screw on the fuel filler cap until you hear three clicks. (cid:127) Avoid driving with the fuel low level indicator illuminated. The symbol illu- minates when less than approximately 2.5 gallons (10 litres) of fuel remains in the tank. 93_US_M08.book Page 160 Friday, May 11, 2007 11:37 AM 160 Starting and driving Refueling WARNING If a fire starts while you are refueling, do not remove the nozzle. Shut off the flow of fuel by shutting off the pump or by notify- ing the station attendant. Leave the area immediately. 1 Switch off the engine. 2 Open the fuel cap, located in the right-hand rear fender. 3 Insert the fuel pump nozzle beyond the flange on the filler pipe and let the first mark (a ring, a pimple or the first spring-coil) rest on the flange. Do not withdraw the nozzle while filling is in progress. 4 Cease refueling the first time the pump stops, and wait a few seconds after you’ve finished pumping before you remove the nozzle. NOTE Do not overfill. Fuel should not come right up the filler pipe as expansion room is needed when the temperature rises. (cid:127) Fill to maximum filling capacity. (cid:127) Stop filling after the first time that the nozzle trips to shut off the flow of fuel. (cid:127) Filling capacity can differ between dif- ferent fuel stations and outside tem- perature. Fuel tank volume when nozzle trips to shut off, may vary by 0.5 gal. (2 liters). (cid:127) Do not fill fuel all the way up the filler pipe. The gasoline must be allowed room for expansion especially during hot weather. Fuel cap Fuel cap To remove the fuel cap, turn it slowly to the left (counterclockwise). The fuel cap has a spring in it; if you let go of the cap too soon, it will spring back to the right. When you put the fuel cap back on, turn it to the right (clockwise) until you hear three clicks. Make sure the cap is fully installed. The diagnostic system can determine if the fuel cap has been left off or is improperly installed. See Engine malfunction (CHECK ENGINE) on page 83. The most effective way to prevent conden- sation forming in the tank (and thus avoid possible running problems) is to keep the tank full. 93_US_M08.book Page 161 Friday, May 11, 2007 11:37 AM When refueling, hang the fuel cap inside the fuel door Refer to page 187 for information regarding gasoline anti-freeze. The fuel door has a built in filler cap holder slot located on the fuel door. Slide the white ring on the cap into the slot. Notice: If you need a new fuel cap, be sure to get the right type. Your dealer can get one for you. If you get the wrong type, it may not fit properly. Filling a portable fuel container Fuel (Gasoline Engine) Starting and driving 161 WARNING Never fill a portable fuel container while it is in your vehicle. Static electricity dis- charge from the container can ignite the gasoline vapor. You can be badly burned and your vehicle damaged if this occurs. To help avoid injury to you and others: (cid:127) Dispense gasoline only into approved containers. (cid:127) Do not fill a container while it is inside a vehicle, in a vehicle’s trunk, pickup bed or on any surface other than the ground. (cid:127) Bring the fill nozzle in contact with the inside of the fill opening before operat- ing the nozzle. Contact should be maintained until the filling is complete. (cid:127) Do not smoke while pumping gaso- line. Fuel Use of the recommended fuel is an impor- tant part of the proper maintenance of your vehicle. For optimum performance Saab recom- mends: (cid:127) Gasoline engines – AON 90. Gasoline Octane Use regular unleaded gasoline with a posted octane of 87 or higher. If the octane is less than 87, you may get a heavy knock- ing noise when you drive. If this occurs, use a gasoline rated at 87 octane or higher as soon as possible. Otherwise, you might damage your engine. A little pinging noise when you accelerate or drive uphill is con- sidered normal. This does not indicate a problem exists or that a higher-octane fuel is necessary. If you are using 87 octane or higher-octane fuel and hear heavy knock- ing, your engine needs service. 93_US_M08.book Page 162 Friday, May 11, 2007 11:37 AM 162 Starting and driving Gasoline Specifications It is recommended that gasoline meet spec- ifications which were developed by automo- bile manufacturers around the world and contained in the World-Wide Fuel Charter which is available from the Alliance of Auto- mobile Manufacturers at www.autoalli- ance.org/fuel_charter.htm. Gasoline meet- ing these specifications could provide improved driveability and emission control system performance compared to other gasoline. NOTE Gasolines containing oxygenates, such as ethers and ethanol, and reformulated gasolines may be available in your area. We recommend that you use these gaso- lines, if they comply with the specifica- tions described earlier. However, E85 (85% ethanol) and other fuels containing more than 10% ethanol must not be used in vehicles that were not designed for those fuels. California Fuel If your vehicle is certified to meet California Emission Standards (see the underhood emission control label), it is designed to operate on fuels that meet California speci- fications. If this fuel is not available in states adopting California emissions standards, your vehicle will operate satisfactorily on fuels meeting federal specifications, but emission control system performance may be affected. The malfunction indicator lamp may turn on and your vehicle may fail a emission system inspection. See Engine malfunction (CHECK ENGINE) on page 83. If this occurs, return to your authorized Saab dealer for diagnosis. If it is determined that the condition is caused by the type of fuel used, repairs may not be covered by your warranty. Additives To provide cleaner air, all gasolines in the United States are now required to contain additives that will help prevent engine and fuel system deposits from forming, allowing your emission control system to work prop- erly. You should not have to add anything to your fuel. However, some gasolines contain only the minimum amount of additive required to meet U.S. Environmental Pro- tection Agency regulations. Saab recom- mends that you buy gasolines that are advertised to help keep fuel injectors and intake valves clean. If your vehicle experi- ences problems due to dirty injectors or valves, try a different brand of gasoline. Gasolines containing oxygenates, such as ethers and ethanol, and reformulated gaso- lines may be available in your area to con- tribute to clean air. Saab recommends that you use these gasolines, particularly if they comply with the specifications described earlier. Notice: Your vehicle was not designed for fuel that contains methanol. Do not use fuel containing methanol. It can cor- rode metal parts in your fuel system and also damage the plastic and rubber parts. That damage would not be cov- ered under your warranty. Some gasolines that are not reformulated for low emissions may contain an octane-enhancing additive called methylcy- clopentadienyl manganese tricarbonyl (MMT); ask the attendant where you buy 93_US_M08.book Page 163 Friday, May 11, 2007 11:37 AM gasoline whether the fuel contains MMT. Saab does not recommend the use of such gasolines. Fuels containing MMT can reduce the life of spark plugs and the performance of the emission control system may be affected. The malfunction indicator lamp may turn on. If this occurs, return to your authorized Saab dealer for service. Fuels in Foreign Countries If you plan on driving in another country out- side the United States or Canada, the proper fuel may be hard to find. Never use leaded gasoline or any other fuel not recom- mended in the previous text on fuel. Costly repairs caused by use of improper fuel would not be covered by your warranty. To check the fuel availability, ask an auto club, or contact a major oil company that does business in the country where you will be driving. Starting and driving 163 Wearing in new brake pads New brake pads take time to bed in, about 90 miles (150 km) if the car is driven largely under stop-and-go conditions or about 300 miles (500 km) of highway driving. To extend the useful life of the pads, avoid hard braking as much as possible. Engine Break-in Period Pistons, cylinder bores and bearings need time to obtain uniform, wear-resistant surfaces. If a new engine is driven too hard, this grad- ual process of bedding-in will not be possi- ble and the life of the engine will be short- ened. During the first 1,200 miles (2,000 km), do not exceed 5,000 rpm. In addition, refrain from driving the car at full throttle, other than for brief instances, during the first 1,800 miles (3,000 km). 93_US_M08.book Page 164 Friday, May 11, 2007 11:37 AM 164 Starting and driving Manual transmission Clutch interlock To start the car, the clutch pedal must be depressed. When changing gear, fully depress the clutch pedal and then release it smoothly. It is inadvisable to drive with your hand resting on the gear lever, as this can increase the wear on the gearbox. Before reverse (R) can be engaged, you must lift the ring underneath the gear knob. NOTE When reverse gear is to be engaged, the car must be at a standstill with the accelerator fully released. Gear positions, 6-speed 93_US_M08.book Page 165 Friday, May 11, 2007 11:37 AM Automatic transmission 3333 WARNING (cid:127) Depress the brake pedal when shifting the selector lever from P or N. (cid:127) The car must be at a standstill before P, R or N is selected. You have to have your foot on the brake pedal to move the lever out of P. If the car is still moving when a drive position is subse- quently selected, this could cause a crash or damage the automatic trans- mission. (cid:127) Never park the car with the selector lever in a drive position, even if the parking brake is on. (cid:127) If you want to leave the car with the engine running, move the selector lever to P or N and apply the parking brake. The automatic transmission has an elec- tronic control module. The control module receives information including accelerator position and road speed. Using this and other information, it controls the hydraulic pressure of the transmission to ensure that gear changing is as smooth as possible. Starting and driving 165 Indication of gear position on main instrument panel The engine can only be started when the selector lever is in the P or N position. When the car is stationary, the engine must be idling when you move the selector lever from one position to another. If not, the transmission could be damaged. NOTE After selecting a drive position, pause briefly to allow the gear to engage (the car starts to pull a little) before you acceler- ate. Selector lever 1 Position for manual gear selection The remote control can only be removed when the selector lever is in the P position. Adaptive gear change patterns The adaptive gear change pattern function adapts gear changing to the prevailing driv- ing conditions. The transmission control module senses the engine load, vehicle speed and temperature of the transmission. A suitable gear change pattern is then selected automatically to avoid unneces- sary gear changes and undesired increases in transmission temperature. Certain variants use a special change pat- tern for the first few minutes after a cold start so that the catalytic converter reaches its working temperature more quickly. Thermal transmission protection The transmission has built-in protection against overheating. If the temperature of the transmission fluid exceeds 302 °F (150 °C), engine torque will be limited to 147 ft.lbs. (200 Nm). The following message is shown on the SID: Gearbox too hot. Make a safe stop. Open hood. If this message appears, stop the car as soon as it is safe to do so and allow the engine to idle until the message has gone out. The selector lever should be in position P. 93_US_M08.book Page 166 Friday, May 11, 2007 11:37 AM 166 Starting and driving Selector lever detent Park Brake Shift Lock The transmission has a security function known as Park Brake Shift Lock. To move the gear selector lever out of the P or N posi- tion, the gear selector lever detent (catch) must be pressed in at the same time as the brake pedal is held depressed. The detent button on the selector lever has to be pressed in before the lever can be moved between certain positions. Temporary override of Park Brake Shift Lock, see page 168. 93_US_M08.book Page 167 Friday, May 11, 2007 11:37 AM Sport mode 3333 Sport mode is selected using the button, while the word SPORT illuminates . Changing up occurs later on the SID and changing down occurs earlier at the same accelerator pedal position. Sport mode will be deselected if: (cid:127) The Sport button is depressed again (cid:127) the engine is switched off. Starting and driving 167 WARNING Remember to use the braking effect of the engine (1st, 2nd or 3rd gear) when you are descending long or steep hills to spare the brakes. Overheating can cause the brakes to fade! Towing Towing of cars with automatic transmission, see page 197. Descending hills If the speed of the car increases while descending a steep hill, despite the acceler- ator being released, the control module will change down. If you desire more powerful engine braking, manually select a lower gear (see page 170). Lock-up The transmission’s torque converter has a lock-up function. This can lock the torque converter, thus reducing the engine speed and fuel consumption. Kick-down When the accelerator is pressed down fully, a down change is made to optimize acceler- ation, e.g. for overtaking. Following this, the next higher gear will be selected at the optimum engine speed, unless you ease off the accelerator before reaching this. Driving in hilly country with a heavy load The transmission fluid can overheat when the gearbox is strained, for example, when driving with a trailer on hilly roads. To avoid the transmission fluid overheating, always drive with the selector lever in the D posi- tion. The adaptive gear change patterns are then active. High air temperatures or a faulty oil cooler can also cause the transmission fluid to overheat. Overheating reduces the service life of the fluid. 93_US_M08.book Page 168 Friday, May 11, 2007 11:37 AM 168 Starting and driving Limp-home NOTE Do not tow a trailer if limp-home mode is engaged. If the transmission malfunctions, the control module will activate limp-home mode. Driv- ability will be affected to varying degrees. Cars with 5-speed transmission 3333 In this mode, only 2nd and 5th gears are available. Select 2nd gear when driving at low speeds and 5th gear at higher speeds. 2nd gear must be selected manually. Select 5th gear manually or move the selector lever to D, see page 170. Cars with 6-speed transmission 3333 (cid:127) The car may be totally powerless. If this is case, have the car transported to a work- shop to have the problem rectified. (cid:127) The car may feel weak but can be driven carefully to a workshop to have the prob- lem rectified. (cid:127) Drivability may barely be affected. Irrespective of the drivability of the car, the car must be taken to a workshop to have the problem checked and rectified. Temporary override of Park Brake Shift Lock NOTE Due to electrical problems it may not be possible to move the selector lever out of the park position, even if the ignition is ON. If for some reason the selector lever has to be moved out of the park position (i.e. to tow the car a short distance) do as described below. 1 Apply the parking brake. 2 Lift up the rubber mat in the storage compartment ahead of the selector lever. 3 Under the floor of the storage compart- ment is a yellow plastic lever. Use a thin tool, such as a screwdriver, to press and hold the plastic lever while moving the selector lever from P to N. 4 Remove the tool. 5 Release the parking brake if the car is to be moved immediately, otherwise it should remain on. Check fuse 6 in the engine bay fuse box. If the fuse is OK the battery may be dead. Contact a workshop to have the problem checked and rectified. We recommend that you contact a Saab dealer. Temporary override of Park Brake Shift Lock 93_US_M08.book Page 169 Friday, May 11, 2007 11:37 AM Selector lever positions The selector lever is locked and the transmission is mechanically blocked. The engine can be started. To move the selector lever out of the P position, depress the brake pedal and press in the detent (catch) on the selector lever. Only select the park position (P) when the car is stationary. Only select the reverse position (R) when the car stationary. The detent release button must be pressed before the selector lever can be moved to R. Wait until reverse gear has engaged before touching the accelerator. Starting and driving 169 You must press the brake pedal to move the selector lever from the neutral position (N). In neutral, the transmission is disengaged from the engine. The engine can be started but make sure the parking brake is on to prevent unexpected movement. To prevent the engine and transmission becoming hotter than necessary, select N for long stops with the engine running, e.g. when stuck in a traffic jam. At traffic lights, leave the selector lever in the drive position (D). The drive position (D) is the normal one for forward driving. The transmission shifts automatically between all gears from 1st to 5th or 6th, the timing of which depends on factors such as the current accelerator position and the speed of the car. Pause for a moment before applying the acce- lerator, to allow the gears to engage. 93_US_M08.book Page 170 Friday, May 11, 2007 11:37 AM 170 Starting and driving Sentronic, manual gear selection Move the selector lever to the manual position (M) (to the left position D) to select gear manually. Select a higher gear by pressing the selector lever forward or a lower gear by pulling it back. The selector lever will return to a position adjacent to the letter M after each gear change. An example of when you may wish to make manual gear changes is when overtaking, to enable you to remain in a low gear for an extended period of time. If the road surface is slippery, you may wish to start off in 2nd or 3rd to reduce the risk of wheel spin. When descending steep hills you should select a low gear to increase the braking effect of the engine and thus spare the brakes. Steering wheel controls for manual gear selection 3 Manual gear selections are displayed on the main instrument panel. The letter M and the current gear are displayed. When the selector lever is in the M position, as opposed to the D position, the engine is much more responsive to changes in accel- erator position. The accelerator has a different feel. When changing down, the desired gear can be selected but the transmission will not change down until the engine speed is low enough to avoid overrevving. Certain variants also have steering wheel controls for manual gear selection. On these models, it is possible to change gear manually using the selector lever and the steering wheel controls. The steer- ing wheel controls are only active when the selector lever is in the M position. Select a higher gear by pressing the right-hand button and a lower gear by pressing the left-hand button. 93_US_M08.book Page 171 Friday, May 11, 2007 11:37 AM Cruise control (Cruise control system) WARNING Do not use the cruise control system in wet or icy conditions, in dense traffic or on winding roads. For safety reasons (brake system func- tion), the brakes must be applied once when the engine has started, before the cruise control system can be activated. The following message is shown on the SID: Tap brakes lightly before using cruise ctrl. Starting and driving 171 To set the desired speed 1 Slide the switch to ON. 2 Move the thumbwheel up to SET/+ or SET/– when the car has reached the desired speed (above 15 mph (25 km/h)). To increase the preset speed You can increase the speed in any of the following ways: (cid:127) Accelerate to the desired speed. Jog the control to SET/+ or SET/–. (cid:127) Jog the control to SET/+ to increase the speed by 1 mph (1.6 km/h) (when cruise control already engaged). (cid:127) Hold the control in the SET/+ position until the desired speed is reached (when cruise control already engaged). Cruise control switches The system has the following functions: 1 ON: engaged 2 OFF: disengaged 3 SET/+: sets the speed and increases the set speed 4 SET/ –: sets the speed and decreases the set speed 5 RESUME: re-engages the system at the set speed The CRUISE indicator light in the main instrument panel comes on when the switch is slid to ON. If you switch off the engine while the cruise control is ON, the system will be ON the next time the engine is started. 93_US_M08.book Page 172 Friday, May 11, 2007 11:37 AM 172 Starting and driving To reduce the preset speed You can reduce speed in any of the follow- ing ways: (cid:127) Brake to the desired speed. Jog the control to SET/+ or SET/–. (cid:127) Jog the control to SET/– to reduce the speed by 1 mph (1.6 km/h). (cid:127) Hold the control in the SET/– position until the desired speed is reached. Temporary increase in speed Accelerate, without shifting down (manual transmission), to exceed the set speed such as for overtaking. When you release the accelerator, the car will return to the set speed. To disengage the system temporarily Slide the switch to the left towards OFF, but only as far as to disengage the cruise con- trol. Allow the switch to spring back. To re-engage the system Slide the switch to RESUME. The car will return to the previously set speed. Vehicle speed must exceed 15 mph (25 km/h). To disengage the system The system will be disengaged: (cid:127) As soon as the brake or clutch pedal is depressed (cars with manual transmis- sion). (cid:127) When the switch is slid towards OFF. See also heading "To disengage the system temporarily". (cid:127) When the switch is slid to OFF. (cid:127) When the TCS/ESP® system is operative. (cid:127) When position N is selected (cars with automatic transmission). Braking It is good practice to try your brakes period- ically while driving. This is particularly important when driving in heavy rain, on roads with a lot of surface water, in snow or in salty slush. In such conditions a slight delay in the braking effect may be noticed. To minimize this delay, dry the brakes by applying them lightly now and again. This should also be done after the car has been washed, and in extremely damp weather. To avoid the brakes becoming overheated, such as when negotiating long descents with a drop of several hundred yards (hun- dred metres), select a low gear to utilize the braking effect of the engine. If the car has automatic transmission, select 1st or 2nd gear. You can help to prolong the life of the brakes by thinking ahead and braking harder over short periods, rather than braking more moderately over long stretches. Starting and driving 173 The brake system provides Electronic Brakeforce Distribution (EBD). This distri- butes the brake pressure between the front and rear wheels, in such a way as to achieve optimum braking performance irrespective of the car’s speed or load. The ABS has a built-in diagnostics function which will switch on the ABS warning light if a fault is detected in the system (see page 82). The following message will appear on the SID (and corresponding symbol on main instrument unit) if a fault is detected: Antilock brake malfunc. Contact service. 93_US_M08.book Page 173 Friday, May 11, 2007 11:37 AM WARNING (cid:127) It is prudent to try your brakes from time to time, especially when driving in heavy rain, through water collected on the road, in snow, on a wet road sur- face or in salty slush. In such condi- tions, the brakes may take longer than normal to take effect. To rectify this, touch the brake pedal periodically to dry the brakes out. (cid:127) The same applies after the car has been washed or when the weather is very humid. (cid:127) Avoid parking the car with wet brakes. Before parking, and if the traffic condi- tions allow, brake quite heavily so that the brake discs and pads warm up and dry. (cid:127) The brakes are power assisted and it should be kept in mind that the servo unit only provides the power assis- tance when the engine is running. (cid:127) The brake pressure required when the engine is off, (e.g. when the car is being towed) is roughly four times the normal pedal force required. The pedal also feels hard and unrespon- sive. (cid:127) Overheating can cause the brakes to fade! ABS brakes WARNING (cid:127) The additional safety afforded by the ABS system is not designed to allow drivers to drive faster but to make normal driving safer. (cid:127) To stop as quickly as possible, without loss of directional stability, whether the road surface is dry, wet or slippery, press the brake pedal down hard without letting up (do not pump the pedal), declutching simulta- neously, and steer the car to safety. The Antilock Braking System (ABS) modu- lates the brake pressure to each wheel. The pressure is automatically reduced just before the wheel locks up and then increases again to the point at which the wheel is just about to lock. The wheel sen- sors send information to the brake system’s electronic control module for every 4 or so inches (decimetre) that the car rolls. This information is processed continuously to ensure that the adjustment of the brake pressure will be as exact as possible. Adjustment takes place up to 12 times per second. 93_US_M08.book Page 174 Friday, May 11, 2007 11:37 AM 174 Starting and driving The ABS system will not reduce the braking distance on loose gravel, snow or ice but, because the wheels cannot lock up, steer- ing control is retained. When the ABS system operates you will feel the brake pedal pulsate and hear a ticking noise, both of which are perfectly normal. Apply the brake pedal with full force (you cannot press too hard), declutch and if nec- essary steer to safety. Do not release the brake pedal before the car has come to a halt or the danger is past! The above is critical. If the road is slippery, the ABS system will operate even when only light pressure is applied to the brake pedal. This means that the driver can brake gently to test the condi- tion of the road and adapt their driving accordingly. It is well worth practising the use of ABS brakes on a skid pad or other suitable facility. Braking with ABS brakes. Indication that the system is operating: pulsating brake pedal and ticking noise Braking with ABS – evasive steering 93_US_M08.book Page 175 Friday, May 11, 2007 11:37 AM Traction Control System (TCS) Anti-spin system WARNING When driving normally, the TCS system helps to improve the car’s stability, maneuverability and traction under slip- pery road and extreme driving conditions. The TCS must not be regarded as a system to enable the driver to maintain higher speeds. The same precautions must be adopted as normal for safe cor- nering and driving on slippery roads. How the system works The Traction Control System (TCS) is designed to prevent wheelspin. This enables the car to achieve the best possible grip and, hence, maximum tractive effort, together with greater stability. The TCS uses information from the ABS wheel sensors to detect when the front (driv- ing) wheels are rotating faster then the rear wheels. If the two front wheels are rotating faster than the rear wheels, the torque from the engine is reduced to eliminate the differ- ence. The process continues until all the wheels are rotating at the same speed. The advantages of the TCS become most apparent when the cohesion between the front wheels and the road surface is so low that one or both of the wheels would lose their grip were the car not equipped with the TCS, e.g.: (cid:127) When the car is pulling away or accelerat- ing with the front wheels on different surfaces (e.g. one slippery and one dry), the TCS functions like an electronic differ- ential lock, making sure that both wheels rotate at the same speed. The system also functions when the car is reversing. (cid:127) When cornering, if the inside front wheel rotates faster than the other wheels. Starting and driving 175 TCS OFF lights up if: (cid:127) the system has been switched off manually. It cannot be switched off if the car is travelling faster than 35 mph (60 km/h). (cid:127) there is a fault in the ABS system (cid:127) a fault has been detected and the system has therefore been switched off and at the same time the following message is shown on the SID: Traction control failure. Contact service. 93_US_M08.book Page 176 Friday, May 11, 2007 11:37 AM 176 Starting and driving TCS indicator When the ignition switch is turned to the ON position, the lamp is lit for about 4 seconds while the system performs self-diagnosis. The light comes on when the TCS is operative, that is when one of the wheels has lost its grip. The fact that the TCS is operative indicates that the limit for grip has been exceeded and that the driver must exercise greater care. Temporarily turning the TCS off The TCS is switched on automatically when the engine is started. It may be necessary to switch off the system if the car has become bogged down, for instance. If a fault is detected in the ABS, the TCS will be switched off automatically. The cruise control system (if active) will automatically be disengaged if the TCS is operative. Disengage the system in Settings. 1 Select Settings using the steering wheel buttons, or 2 Hold the SET button depressed until a chime sounds. 3 Select TCS. 4 Press the SET button. 5 Select ON or OFF. End by pressing the SET-button. Go back/undo using the CLR-button. 93_US_M08.book Page 177 Friday, May 11, 2007 11:37 AM Electronic Stability Program ESP® Anti-skid system WARNING When driving normally, the ESP® system helps to improve the car’s stability and maneuverability under slippery road and extreme driving conditions. The ESP® system must not be regarded as a system to enable the driver to maintain higher speeds. The same precautions must be adopted as normal for safe cornering and driving on slippery roads must be adopted. The ESP® system employs both the antilock braking system (ABS) and the trac- tion control system (TCS). It is a system that helps the driver to stabilize the car in unusual circumstances that can otherwise be more difficult to handle. Starting and driving 177 How the ESP® system works The ESP® system can help to prevent the car from skidding by braking one or several wheels independently of the driver. The engine output is then also reduced to pre- vent the driving wheels from spinning. The car has sensors that measure wheel speed, yaw rate, lateral acceleration, steering wheel position and braking pressure. The values provided by these sensors are used to calculate the actual direction of the car, the intentions of the driver and whether the ESP® system should be engaged. If this direction does not agree with that intended by the driver, calculated from the steering wheel position, the ESP® system is engaged. The ESP® system improves the driver’s chances of retaining control over the car in a critical situation. Illustration of how the system applies the brakes on one or several wheels in order to reduce the likelihood of the car skidding 93_US_M08.book Page 178 Friday, May 11, 2007 11:37 AM Starting and driving 178 ESP® system OFF lights up if: (cid:127) the system is turned off manually. The car must be travelling slower than 35 mph (60 km/h). The TCS is also disengaged. (cid:127) a fault is detected in the ABS-system (cid:127) a fault has been detected in the system and the system has therefore been switched off. The following message will be displayed on the SID: Stability control failure. Contact service. ESP® system indicator light When the ignition switch is turned to the ON position, the lamp is lit for about 4 seconds while the system performs self-diagnosis. The time when the ESP® system is operative. Operation of the ESP® system indicates reduced cohesion between the tires and the road, and that extra care should be taken by the driver during continued driving. light comes on for a short period of Temporarily turning ESP® system off The ESP® is switched on automatically when the engine is started. It may be necessary to switch off the system if the car has become bogged down, for instance. The ESP® system is always engaged during braking, even if it has been switched off manually with the ESP® button. The cruise control system (if active) will automatically be disengaged if the ESP® system is operative. NOTE Changes to the chassis, such as a change of wheels, shock absorbers or springs, could affect the function of the ESP® system. Always consult a workshop before chang- ing any chassis components. We recom- mend that you contact a Saab dealer. Disengage the system in Settings. 1 Select Settings using the steering wheel buttons, or 2 Hold the SET button depressed until a chime sounds. 3 Select ESP. 4 Press the SET button. 5 Select ON or OFF. End by pressing the SET-button. Go back/modify using the CLR-button. 93_US_M08.book Page 179 Friday, May 11, 2007 11:37 AM Parking brake WARNING (cid:127) Always apply the parking brake when you park the car. If the car is to be left parked for a long time, refer to page 181. (cid:127) Always apply the parking brake before removing the remote control. (cid:127) Do not use the parking brake while driving. (cid:127) Grasp the parking brake lever in such a way that no fingers get trapped when you release the parking brake. The parking brake lever is situated between the front seats. The brake acts on the rear wheels. When the parking brake is applied, the ment panel will come on. To release the parking brake, lift the lever slightly, pull the release button on the under- side of the lever and lower the lever. indicator light on the main instru- Starting and driving 179 Parking WARNING (cid:127) Never leave children or pets unat- tended in the car. In warm, sunny weather, the temperature inside the car can reach 160–180 °F (70–80 °C). (cid:127) Park where the vehicle will not create an obstruction or a hazard to other road users. (cid:127) Do not park on dry grass or other com- bustible material. The catalytic con- verter gets very hot and could start a fire. (cid:127) Apply the parking brake, remove the remote control and lock the car. Correct hold If conditions allow, it is best if the brake pedal is not depressed, or only depressed as little as necessary so as to stop the car from rolling, when the parking brake is applied. To facilitate releasing the parking brake, depress the brake pedal. This is especially appropriate if the car is standing on a hill. If the parking brake is applied when the car starts off, the following message will appear on the SID: Release park brake. 93_US_M08.book Page 180 Friday, May 11, 2007 11:37 AM 180 Starting and driving NOTE Empty the car yourself and bear in mind: (cid:127) Never leave a mobile phone, camera, computer or similar object visible in the car. (cid:127) Clothing, packages and bags attract thieves. (cid:127) Do not leave small objects such as CDs, sunglasses and coins visible. (cid:127) If possible, park in a well-lit, conspicu- ous parking space. (cid:127) Thieves strike whenever and wher- ever they are given the opportunity. Parking on a hill When parking on a steep hill, turn the front wheels so that they will be blocked by the curb if the car should move. If the car is parked with one front wheel touching the curb, for example, you may need to turn the steering wheel slightly when you insert the remote control to allow the steering wheel lock to unlock. 1 Downhill with curb. Turn the wheels toward the curb and edge the car forwards until the wheel lightly touches the curb. 2 Uphill with curb. Turn the wheels away from the curb and edge the car backward until the wheel lightly touches the curb. 3 Uphill or downhill with- out curb. Turn the wheel towards the edge of the road so that the car, should it move, will not roll towards the middle of the road. Starting and driving 181 93_US_M08.book Page 181 Friday, May 11, 2007 11:37 AM Long-term parking If the car is not going to be used for some time, e.g. three to four months, the following steps are recommended: (cid:127) Drain the washer fluid reservoir and hoses. (cid:127) Wash and wax the car. Clean the rubber seals on the hood, trunk lid and doors, and lubricate them with glycerol (glycerine). (cid:127) After washing the car, dry the brake discs to avoid corrosion by taking the car out on the road and applying the brakes a few times. (cid:127) Fill the fuel tank to prevent condensation forming in it. (cid:127) Top up the coolant and check the anti- freeze before the onset of winter. (cid:127) Park the car in a dry, covered and well-ventilated building. Leave the park- ing brake OFF! (cid:127) Convertible: If the car is stored, the soft top should be closed. (cid:127) If necessary, use wheel chocks and leave the parking brake off. (cid:127) Disconnect the negative (–) battery lead. If frost is likely to occur during the storage period, remove the battery and store it in a frost-free place. (cid:127) If it is not possible to stand the car on axle stands, increase the tire pressure to 43 psi (3 bar). Leave all the door windows open a crack and cover the car with a non-plastic tarpaulin – not one made of plastic which will not breath. 93_US_M08.book Page 182 Friday, May 11, 2007 11:37 AM Starting and driving 182 Saab Parking Assistance 3333 Saab Parking Assistance WARNING Responsibility always lies with the driver when reversing. (cid:127) The parking assistance system can facilitate parking and reversing. (cid:127) Bear in mind that small objects, such as a child lying on the ground, and narrow objects cannot always be detected by the system. Saab Parking Assistance facilitates parking and reversing. There are four sensors in the rear bumper that detect objects up to 6 ft (1.8 meters) behind the car. If the car is heavily laden, the system may falsely indicate that there is an object within the detection range. This is since the sen- sors are angled towards the ground when the car is tail-heavy. Area monitored by the sensors seen from the side Area monitored by the sensors seen from above The system uses four sensors in the rear bumper. These emit ultrasound signals that bounce back to the sensors off any objects behind the car. The system, however, cannot always detect small or narrow objects, such as a post, since the surface area presented to the car is too small. The system is activated automatically when reverse is engaged or selected. Audible confirmation is given and the following text is shown on the SID: Parking assistance active If a warning message, such as the safety- belt reminder, is shown on the SID when reverse is engaged, the audible signals from the parking assistance system will not be heard since the warning message has priority. When the sensors detect an object within the monitored area, pulses of sound (- - - -) will be heard. The frequency of these pulses 93_US_M08.book Page 183 Friday, May 11, 2007 11:37 AM increases as the car comes closer to the object. If you stop the car with reverse gear engaged, the sound pulse will stop after 2 seconds. The sound pulses will return if you continue to reverse. If the car rolls for- ward while reverse is engaged, the system is silenced. When the distance to the object is less than 1 ft. (30 cm), a continuous tone will be heard. When an object is approximately 3 ft. (90 cm) from the car, the sound pulses change character markedly (frequency increases). A distance of about 3 ft. (90 cm) is suitable if you wish to load or unload the trunk. If the distance between an object and a corner sensor does not change for 3 seconds, for example if you are reversing alongside a wall, the system will switch to monitoring straight back. The system indi- cates if the distance to the wall decreases again. If a trailer is hitched up and correctly con- nected to the trailer contact by the tow bar, the system is automatically deactivated. Starting and driving 183 Cars with trailer hitch If the car has a trailer hitch and its wiring is correctly connected to the car’s electrical system, the Saab Parking Assistance auto- matically compensates for the protrusion of the tow bar. If a camper or trailer is hitched up and the trailer hitch wiring is correctly connected to the car’s electrics, the system is automati- cally deactivated. You can temporarily deactivate the Saab Parking Assistance as follows: (cid:127) Engage reverse and press the CLR button on the SID control panel. The system will be reactivated the next time you engage reverse. NOTE The sensors must be kept clean to func- tion well. Ice, snow and dirt can affect their sensitivity. Large quantities of snow or dirt covering the sensors can prevent the parking assistance system from detecting any objects. Do not spray the sensors with a pressure washer, as this can damage them. Reversing alongside a wall If the distance between an object and a corner sensor does not change for 2 seconds, for example if you are reversing alongside a wall, the system will switch to monitoring straight back. The system indi- cates if the distance to the wall decreases again. 93_US_M08.book Page 184 Friday, May 11, 2007 11:37 AM 184 Starting and driving Error messages If the system malfunctions, the following message will appear on the SID: Parking assistance malfunction. Service. If the system is subject to interference, the following message will be shown on the SID: Parking assistance sensor interference. The system can be switched off using Settings. 1 Select Settings using the steering wheel controls, or 2 Press and hold the SET button until given audible confirmation. 3 Select Park Assistance. 4 Press the SET button. 5 Select ON or OFF. 6 Confirm the setting by pressing the SET button. If this message appears, clean the sensors. The sensors are located in the black trim on the rear bumper Park Assistance ON OFF Explanation of ON and OFF. ON Saab Parking Assistance is activated automatically when reverse is engaged. The system warns of objects behind the car. If a trailer is hitched up and correctly connected to the trailer connector, the system will be deactivated automati- cally. You can also deactivate the sys- tem temporarily with the CLR button if reverse has been engaged and the system is active. OFF Saab Parking Assistance deactivated. 93_US_M08.book Page 185 Friday, May 11, 2007 11:37 AM Economical driving Factors affecting fuel consumption The fuel consumption of a car is greatly affected by driving conditions, climate, road conditions, speed, driving technique, etc. Breaking-in Fuel consumption may be somewhat higher during the break-in period (the first 3,000–4,000 miles (5,000–7,000 km)). Weather conditions Summer temperatures give better fuel economy than winter ones. The difference can be as much as about 10%. Consump- tion increases in cold weather because the engine takes longer to reach its normal operating temperature. The transmission and wheel bearings also take longer to warm up. Even distance affects consump- tion: short journeys of 3–5 miles (5–8 km) do not give the engine enough time to reach its optimum temperature. Wind con- ditions also have a marked effect on fuel consumption. How to read the diagram: If fuel consumption with the engine at normal temperature is 28 mpg (10 l/100 km), the actual fuel consumption 3 miles (5 km) after the engine has started from cold will be: – 23.5 mpg (12 l/100 km) at outside temp. of 68 °F (+20 °C) (increase of 20 %). – 17.7 mpg (16 l/100 km) at outside temp. of 32 °F (0 °C) (increase of 60 %). – 14 mpg (20 l/100 km) at outside temp. of –4 °F (–20 °C) (increase of 100 %). It is clear from the diagram that both dis- tance driven and outside temperature have a significant impact on fuel consumption, after a cold start. If the car is normally driven on short jour- neys, 3–5 miles (5–8 km), for example to and from work, the average consumption will be 60–80% above the normal level. Starting and driving 185 Percentage increase in fuel consumption of engine starting from cold compared to engine at normal temperature. Driving techniques (cid:127) To obtain the best running economy, with regard to fuel consumption and general wear, the car must be serviced regularly. (cid:127) High speed, unnecessary acceleration, frequent braking and much changing down all give higher fuel consumption. (cid:127) Frequent gear changing in traffic, starting in cold weather, the use of studded tires and roof racks, and towing a camper all increase fuel consumption. (cid:127) Do not warm up the engine while the car is stationary. If idling, the engine will take much longer 93_US_M08.book Page 186 Friday, May 11, 2007 11:37 AM 186 Starting and driving to reach its optimum temperature, and engine wear is at its greatest during this period. Drive off as soon as possible after starting the engine and avoid high engine speeds. (cid:127) Check the fuel consumption regularly. Increased fuel consumption can indicate that something is wrong and that the car needs to be checked. We recommend that you contact a Saab dealer. (cid:127) Drive as smoothly and thoughtfully as possible. Match your driving to the prevail- ing traffic conditions. Practical road tests have demonstrated that substantial savings in fuel consumption can be made if the above advice is followed. (cid:127) Driving in a low gear gives rise to higher fuel consumption than driving in a high gear because of the higher engine speed for any given road speed. Always shift up as soon as traffic conditions allow and drive in the highest gear as much as possible. (cid:127) Check the tire pressure once a month. Incorrect tire pressure increases tire wear. It is preferable for the tire pressure to be slightly high than too low. Under- pressure increases fuel consumption. WARNING Never switch off the engine while driving as the effect of the brakes and power steering will be greatly reduced. Road conditions Wet roads increase fuel consumption, as do unpaved roads and driving in hilly country (the amount of fuel saved driving downhill is less than the additional amount required to climb the hill). Engine block heater 3333 The following are just some of the benefits to the car and the environment of using an engine block heater: (cid:127) Lower fuel consumption. (cid:127) Reduced wear on the engine. (cid:127) Inside of car warms up faster. (cid:127) Exhaust emissions substantially reduced over short runs. The engine heater is effective at outside temperatures up to 60–70 °F (+15 – +20 °C). The warmer it is outside, the shorter the time the engine heater needs to be connected. Longer than 1.5 hours is unnecessary. If the car is equipped with a removable, electric cabin heater that is not in use, store this in the trunk. 93_US_M08.book Page 187 Friday, May 11, 2007 11:37 AM Driving in cold weather In cold weather, special attention should be paid to the following: (cid:127) Before driving off, make sure that the wiper blades have not frozen to the wind- shield. (cid:127) Remove any snow from the heating

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2008 Saab 9 3 Owners Manual