2003 Nissan Frontier Owners Manual

Always properly tighten the antenna rod during installation or the antenna rod may break during vehicle operation.

WHA0234

SEEK up button

SEEK down button Volume control button

1. 2. Mode button 3. 4. STEERING WHEEL SWITCH FOR AUDIO CONTROL (if so equipped) The steering wheel switch for audio controls is mounted on the left side of the steering wheel.

Press the MODE button to turn the radio on or, if the radio is already on, to switch between the Radio presets (A, B or C) and CD Mode. A!B!C!CD Mode

4-28 Heater, air conditioner and audio systems

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c Keep the antenna wire more than 8 in (20 cm) away from the Multiport Fuel Injection harness. Do not route the an- tenna wire next to any harness.

c Adjust the antenna standing-wave ratio as recommended by the manufacturer. c Connect the ground wire from the CB

radio chassis to the body.

c For details, consult a NISSAN dealer.

CAR PHONE OR CB RADIO

When installing a CB, ham radio or car phone in your NISSAN, be sure to observe the following cautions, otherwise the new equipment may ad- versely affect the MFI (Multiport Fuel Injection) system and other electronic parts.

WARNING

c A cellular telephone should not be used while driving so full attention may be given to vehicle operation. Some juris- dictions prohibit the use of cellular tele- phones while driving.

c If you must make a call while your ve- hicle is in motion, the hands free cellu- lar phone operational mode (if so equipped) is highly recommended. Ex- ercise extreme caution at all times so full attention may be given to vehicle operation.

c If a conversation in a moving vehicle requires you to take notes, pull off the road to a safe location and stop your vehicle before doing so.

CAUTION

c Keep the antenna as far away as pos- sible from the Engine Control Module (ECM).

Heater, air conditioner and audio systems 4-29

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MEMO

4-30 Heater, air conditioner and audio systems

5 Starting and driving

Precautions when starting and driving. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-2
Exhaust gas (carbon monoxide) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-2
Three-way catalyst. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-2
Low tire pressure warning system (if so equipped) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-3
On-pavement and off-road driving precautions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-4
Avoiding collision and rollover. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-4
Drinking alcohol/drugs and driving. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-5
Driving safety precautions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-5
Ignition switch. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-7
Automatic transmission. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-7
Manual transmission . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-8
Key positions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-8
Before starting the engine . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-9
Starting the engine . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-9
Driving the vehicle . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-10
Automatic transmission (if so equipped). . . . . . . . . . 5-10
Manual transmission . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-16
Parking brake . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-18
Cruise control (if so equipped) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-19
Precautions on cruise control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-19

Cruise control operations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-19
Break-in schedule . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-20
Increasing fuel economy. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-21
Using four wheel drive (4WD). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-21
Transfer case shifting procedures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-21
Auto-lock free-running hubs. . . . . . . . . . . . 5-22
Parking/parking on hills. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-25
Power steering . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-26
Brake system . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-26
Brake precautions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-26
Anti-lock Brake System (ABS) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-27

Vehicle dynamic control (VDC) system (if so equipped) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-28
Cold weather driving. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-30
Freeing a frozen door lock . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-30
Anti-freeze. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-30
Battery . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-30
Draining of coolant water . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-30
Tire equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-30
Special winter equipment. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-31
Driving on snow or ice . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-31
Engine block heater (if so equipped) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-31

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PRECAUTIONS WHEN STARTING AND DRIVING

WARNING

c Do not leave children, impaired adults, or pets alone in your vehicle. They could accidentally injure themselves or oth- ers through inadvertent operation of the vehicle. Also, on hot, sunny days, temperatures in a closed vehicle could quickly become high enough to cause severe or possibly fatal injuries to people or animals.

c Properly secure all cargo with ropes or straps to help prevent it from sliding or shifting. Do not place cargo higher than the seatbacks. In a sudden stop or col- lision, unsecured cargo could cause personal injury.

EXHAUST GAS (carbon monoxide)

WARNING

c Do not breathe exhaust gases; they contain colorless and odorless carbon monoxide. Carbon monoxide is danger- ous. It can cause unconsciousness or death.

5-2 Starting and driving

c If you suspect that exhaust fumes are entering the vehicle, drive with all win- dows fully open, and have the vehicle inspected immediately.

c Do not run the engine in closed spaces

such as a garage.

c Do not park the vehicle with the engine running for any extended length of time. c If a special body, camper, or other equipment is added for recreational or other usage, follow the manufacturer(cid:146)s recommendation to prevent carbon monoxide entry into the vehicle. Do not occupy these areas while the engine is running even if the vehicle is parked. Some recreational vehicle appliances such as stoves, refrigerators, heaters, etc. may carbon monoxide.

generate

also

c The exhaust system and body should be inspected by a qualified mechanic whenever: a. The vehicle is raised for service. b. You suspect that exhaust fumes are passenger

into

the

entering compartment.

c. You notice a change in the sound of

the exhaust system.

d. You have had an accident involving damage to the exhaust system, un- derbody, or rear of the vehicle.

THREE-WAY CATALYST The three-way catalyst is an emission control device installed in the exhaust system. Exhaust gases in the three-way catalyst are burned at high temperatures to help reduce pollutants.

WARNING

c The exhaust gas and the exhaust sys- tem are very hot. Keep people, animals or flammable materials away from the exhaust system components.

c Do not stop or park the vehicle over flammable materials such as dry grass, waste paper or rags. They may ignite and cause a fire.

CAUTION

c Do not use leaded gasoline. Deposits from leaded gasoline will seriously re- duce the three-way catalyst(cid:146)s ability to help reduce exhaust pollutants.

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c Keep your engine tuned up. Malfunc- tions in the ignition, fuel injection, or electrical systems can cause overrich fuel flow into the three-way catalyst, causing it to overheat. Do not keep driv- ing if the engine misfires, or if notice- able loss of performance or other un- usual are detected. Have the vehicle inspected promptly by a NISSAN dealer.

conditions

operating

c Avoid driving with an extremely low fuel level. Running out of fuel could cause the engine to misfire, damaging the three-way catalyst.

c Do not race the engine while warming it

up.

c Do not push or tow your vehicle to start

the engine.

LOW TIRE PRESSURE WARNING SYSTEM (if so equipped) The low tire pressure warning system monitors tire pressure of all tires (except the spare tire).

The low tire pressure warning system will activate only when the vehicle is driven at speeds above 20 MPH (32 km/h). Also, this system may not detect a sudden drop in tire pressure (for ex- ample a flat tire while driving).

Frequently check the tire pressure and adjust pressure of each tire properly. Flat tire warning If the vehicle is being driven with very low tire pressure (lower than 27 psi, 190 kPa), the low tire pressure warning light comes on and the chime sounds for about 10 seconds.

For additional information regarding the above warning, see (cid:147)Warning/indicator lights and au- dible reminders(cid:148) in the (cid:147)Instruments and con- trols(cid:148) section.

WARNING

c If the low tire pressure warning light comes on while driving, avoid sudden steering maneuvers or abrupt braking, reduce vehicle speed, pull off the road to a safe location and stop the vehicle as soon as possible. Serious vehicle damage could occur and may lead to an accident and could result in serious personal injury. Check the tire pressure for all four tires and adjust the pressure to the COLD tire pressure shown on the tire placard. If you have a flat tire, re- place it with a spare tire as soon as possible. (See (cid:147)Flat tire(cid:148) in the (cid:147)In case of emergency(cid:148) section for changing a flat tire.)

c When a spare tire is mounted or a wheel is replaced, tire pressure will not be indicated and the low tire pressure warning system will not function. Con- tact your NISSAN dealer as soon as possible for tire replacement and/or system resetting.

c Do not inject any tire liquid or aerosol tire sealant into the tires, as this may cause a malfunction of the tire pressure sensors.

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CAUTION

Do not place metalized film or any metal parts (antenna, etc.) on the windows. This may cause poor reception of the signals from the tire pressure sensors, and the low tire pressure warning system will not function properly.

FCC Notice: Changes or modifications not expressly ap- proved by the manufacturer compliance could void the user(cid:146)s authority to operate the environment. This device complies with Part 15 of the FCC Rules and RSS-210 of Industry Canada. Operation is subject to the following two conditions: (1) This device may not cause harmful interface, and (2) this device must accept any interference received, including interference that may cause undesired op- eration of the device.

ON-PAVEMENT AND OFF-ROAD DRIVING PRECAUTIONS Utility vehicles have a significantly higher rollover rate than other types of vehicles.

They have higher ground clearance than passen- ger cars to make them capable of performing in a variety of on-pavement and off-road applications. This gives them a higher center of gravity than ordinary cars. An advantage of higher ground clearance is a better view of the road, allowing you to anticipate problems. However, they are not designed for cornering at the same speeds as conventional two-wheel drive vehicles any more than low-slung sports cars are designed to per- form satisfactorily under off-road conditions. If at all possible, avoid sharp turns at high speeds. As with other vehicles of this type, failure to operate this vehicle correctly may result in loss of control or vehicle rollover.

Be sure to read the driving safety precautions later in this section.

AVOIDING COLLISION AND ROLLOVER

WARNING

Failure to operate this vehicle in a safe and prudent manner may result in loss of control or an accident.

Be alert and drive defensively at all times. Obey all traffic regulations. Avoid excessive speed, high speed cornering, or sudden steering ma- neuvers, because these driving practices could cause you to lose control of your vehicle. As with any vehicle, loss of control could result in a collision with other vehicles or objects, or cause the vehicle to roll over, particularly if the loss of control causes the vehicle to slide sideways. Be attentive at all times, and avoid driving when tired. Never drive when under the influence of alcohol or drugs (including pre- scription or over-the-counter drugs which may cause drowsiness). Always wear your seat belt as outlined in the (cid:147)Seats, restraints and supple- mental air bag systems(cid:148) section of this manual, and also instruct your passengers to do so. Seat belts help reduce the risk of injury in colli- sions and rollovers. In a rollover crash, an unbelted person is significantly more likely to die than a person wearing a seat belt.

5-4 Starting and driving

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DRINKING ALCOHOL/DRUGS AND DRIVING

WARNING

Never drive under the influence of alcohol or drugs. Alcohol in the bloodstream re- duces coordination, delays reaction time and impairs judgement. Driving after drinking alcohol increases the likelihood of being involved in an accident injuring yourself and others. Additionally, if you are injured in an accident, alcohol can increase the severity of the injury.

NISSAN is committed to safe driving. However, you must choose not to drive under the influence of alcohol. Every year thousands of people are injured or killed in alcohol-related accidents. Al- though the local laws vary on what is considered to be legally intoxicated, the fact is that alcohol affects all people differently and most people underestimate the effects of alcohol. Remember, drinking and driving don(cid:146)t mix! And that is true for drugs, too (over-the-counter, pre- scription, and illegal drugs). Don(cid:146)t drive if your ability to operate your vehicle is impaired by alco- hol, drugs, or some other physical condition.

DRIVING SAFETY PRECAUTIONS Your NISSAN is designed for both normal and off-road use. However, avoid driving in deep wa- ter or mud as your NISSAN is mainly designed for leisure use, unlike a conventional off-road ve- hicle.

Remember that two-wheel drive models are less capable than four-wheel drive models for rough road driving and extrication when stuck in deep snow or mud, or the like.

Please observe the following precautions:

WARNING

c Drive carefully when off the road and avoid dangerous areas. Every person who drives or rides in this vehicle should be seated with their seat belt fastened. This will keep you and your passengers in position when driving over rough terrain.

c Do not drive across steep slopes. In- stead drive either straight up or straight down the slopes. Off-road vehicles can tip over sideways much more easily than they can forward or backward.

c Many hills are too steep for any vehicle. If you drive up them, you may stall. If you drive down them, you may not be able to control your speed. If you drive across them, you may roll over.

c Do not shift gears while driving on downhill grades as this could cause loss of control of the vehicle.

c Stay alert when driving to the top of a hill. At the top there could be a drop-off or other hazard that could cause an accident.

c If your engine stalls or you cannot make it to the top of a steep hill, never at- tempt to turn around. Your vehicle could tip or roll over. Always back straight down in R (Reverse) gear. Never back down in N (Neutral) or with the clutch depressed (manual transmission vehicles), using only the brake, as this could cause loss of control.

c Heavy braking going down a hill could cause your brakes to overheat and fade, resulting in loss of control and an acci- dent. Apply brakes lightly and use a low gear to control your speed.

Starting and driving 5-5

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c Be sure to check the brakes immedi- ately after driving in mud or water. See (cid:147)Brake system(cid:148) later in this section for (cid:147)Wet brakes(cid:148).

c Avoid parking your vehicle on steep hills. If you get out of the vehicle and it rolls forward, backward or sideways, you could be injured.

c Whenever you drive off-road through sand, mud or water as deep as the wheel hub, more frequent maintenance may be required. See (cid:147)Periodic mainte- nance(cid:148) in the (cid:147)NISSAN Service and Maintenance Guide.(cid:148)

c Unsecured cargo can be thrown around when driving over rough terrain. Prop- erly secure all cargo so it will not be thrown forward and cause injury to you or your passengers.

the roof

c To avoid raising the center of gravity excessively, do not exceed the rated capacity of rack (if so equipped) and evenly distribute the load. Secure heavy loads in the cargo area as far forward and as low as pos- sible. Do not equip the vehicle with tires larger than specified in this manual. This could cause your vehicle to roll over.

c Do not grip the inside or spokes of the steering wheel when driving off-road. The steering wheel could move sud- denly and injure your hands. Instead drive with your fingers and thumbs on the outside of the rim.

c Before operating the vehicle, ensure that the driver and all passengers have their seat belts fastened.

c Always drive with the floor mats in

place as the floor may become hot.

c Lower your speed when encountering strong crosswinds. With a higher center of gravity, your NISSAN is more af- fected by strong side winds. Slower speeds ensure better vehicle control.

c Do not drive beyond the performance of

the tires, even with 4WD engaged.

c Accelerating quickly, sharp steering maneuvers or sudden braking may cause loss of control.

c If at all possible, avoid sharp turning maneuvers, particularly at high speeds. Your NISSAN four-wheel drive vehicle has a higher center of gravity than a two-wheel drive vehicle. The vehicle is not designed for cornering at the same speeds as conventional two-wheel drive vehicles. Failure to operate this vehicle correctly could result in loss of control and/or a rollover accident.

c Always use tires of the same type, size, brand, construction (bias, bias-belted, or radial), and tread pattern on all four wheels. Install tire chains on the rear wheels when driving on slippery roads and drive carefully.

5-6 Starting and driving

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IGNITION SWITCH

2. Turn the ignition key slightly toward the ON

position.

and turn it gently while rotating the steer- ing wheel slightly right and left.

WARNING

Never remove or turn the key to the LOCK position while driving. The steering wheel will lock. This may cause the driver to lose control of the vehicle and could result in serious vehicle damage or personal injury.

3. Turn the key to the LOCK position.

4. Remove the key.

The shift selector lever is designed so it cannot moved out of P (Park) and into any of the other gear positions if the ignition key is turned to OFF position or if the key is removed from the switch. The shift selector lever can be moved if the ignition switch is in the ACC position. This allows the vehicle to be moved if the bat- tery is discharged. The shift selector lever can also be moved if the ignition switch is in the ON position and the foot brake pedal is depressed.

There is an OFF position between the LOCK and ACC positions. The OFF position is indicated by a (cid:147)1(cid:148) on the key cylinder. When the ignition is in the OFF position, the steering wheel is not locked.

In order for the steering wheel to be locked, it must be turned about 1/8 of a turn clockwise from the straight up position. To lock the steering wheel, turn the key to the LOCK position. Remove the key. To unlock the steering wheel, insert the key

WSD0041

AUTOMATIC TRANSMISSION On automatic transmission models, the ignition lock is designed so the key cannot be turned to LOCK position and removed until the shift selec- tor lever is moved to the P (Park) position.

When removing the key from the ignition, make sure the shift selector lever is in the P (Park) position.

If the key cannot be turned to the LOCK position, proceed as follows to remove the key.

1. Move the shift selector lever into the P (Park)

position.

Starting and driving 5-7

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To lock the steering wheel, turn the key to the LOCK position. Remove the key. To unlock the steering wheel, insert the key and turn it gently while rotating the steer- ing wheel slightly right and left.

START: (4) This position starts the engine. As soon as the engine has started, release the key. It automati- cally returns to the ON position.

WARNING

Never remove or turn the key to the LOCK position while driving. The steering wheel will lock. This may cause the driver to lose control of the vehicle and could result in serious vehicle damage or personal injury. KEY POSITIONS LOCK: Normal parking position (0) OFF: (Manual transmission model) (1) The engine can be turned off without locking the steering wheel. ACC: (Accessories) (2) This position activates electrical accessories such as the radio when the engine is not running. ON: Normal operating position (3) This position turns on the ignition system and the electrical accessories.

WSD0052

MANUAL TRANSMISSION The ignition switch includes an anti-theft steering lock device.

The key can only be removed when the ignition switch is in the LOCK position.

On manual transmission models, to turn the igni- tion key to LOCK position from ACC or ON position, turn the key to OFF, push the key in, then turn the key to LOCK.

In order for the steering wheel to be locked, it must be turned about 1/8 of a turn clockwise from the straight up position.

5-8 Starting and driving

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BEFORE STARTING THE ENGINE

STARTING THE ENGINE

c Make sure the area around the vehicle is clear. c Check fluid levels such as engine oil, coolant, brake and clutch fluid, and window washer fluid as frequently as possible, or at least whenever you refuel.

c Check that all windows and lights are clean. c Visually inspect tires for their appearance and condition. Also check tires for proper inflation.

c Lock all doors. c Position seat and adjust head restraints. c Adjust inside and outside mirrors. c Fasten seat belts and ask all passengers to do

likewise.

c Check the operation of warning lights when the key is turned to the ON (3) position. See (cid:147)Warning/indicator lights and audible remind- ers(cid:148) in the (cid:147)Instruments and controls(cid:148) section of this manual.

1. Apply the parking brake. 2. Automatic transmission:

Move the shift selector lever to P (Park) or N (Neutral). P (Park) is recommended. The shift selector lever cannot be moved out of P (Park) and into any of the other gear positions if the ignition key is turned to the OFF position or if the key is removed from the ignition switch.

The starter is designed not to operate if the shift selector lever is in any of the driving positions.

Manual transmission:

Move the shift lever to N (Neutral). Depress the clutch pedal to the floor while cranking the engine. The starter is designed not to operate unless the clutch pedal is fully de- pressed.

3. Crank the engine with your foot off the accelerator pedal by turning the ignition key to START. Release the key when the engine starts. If the engine starts, but fails to run, repeat the above procedure.

c When the engine is very hard to start in extremely cold weather or when restart- ing, depress the accelerator pedal a little (approximately 1/5 to the floor) and hold it and then crank the engine. Release the key and the accelerator pedal when the engine starts.

c When the engine is very hard to start because it is flooded, depress the accel- erator pedal all the way to the floor and hold it. Crank the engine for 5-6 seconds. After cranking the engine, release the ac- celerator pedal. Crank the engine with your foot off the accelerator pedal by turning the ignition key to START. Release the key when the engine starts. If the engine starts, but fails to run, repeat the above procedure.

CAUTION

Do not operate the starter for more than 15 seconds at a time. If the engine does not start, turn the key off and wait 10
seconds before cranking again, otherwise the starter could be damaged.

4. Allow the engine to idle for at least 30 sec- onds after starting. Drive at moderate speed for a short distance first, especially in cold weather.

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The shift selector lever can be moved if the ignition switch is in the ACC position. This allows the vehicle to be moved if the bat- tery is discharged. The shift selector lever can also be moved if the ignition switch is in the ON position and the foot brake pedal is depressed.

DRIVING THE VEHICLE

AUTOMATIC TRANSMISSION (if so equipped)

WARNING

c Do not depress the accelerator pedal while shifting from P (Park) or N (Neu- tral) to R (Reverse), D (Drive), 2 or 1. Always depress the brake pedal until shifting is completed. Failure to do so could cause you to lose control and have an accident.

c Cold engine idle speed is high, so use caution when shifting into a forward or reverse gear before the engine has warmed up.

c Never shift to P (Park) or R (Reverse) while the vehicle is moving. This could cause an accident.

CAUTION

c When stopping the vehicle on an uphill grade, do not hold the vehicle by de- pressing the accelerator pedal. The foot brake should be used for this purpose. c On slippery roads, do not downshift.

This may cause a loss of control.

5-10 Starting and driving

The automatic transmission in your vehicle is electronically controlled to produce maximum power and smooth operation.

The recommended operating procedures for this transmission are shown on the following pages. Follow these procedures for maximum vehicle performance and driving enjoyment. Starting the vehicle 1. After starting the engine, fully depress the foot brake pedal before attempting to move the shift selector lever out of the P (Park) position.

2. Keep the foot brake pedal depressed and move the shift selector lever into a driving gear.

3. Release the foot brake, then gradually start

the vehicle in motion.

The automatic transmission is designed so the foot brake pedal MUST be depressed before shifting from P (Park) to any drive position while the ignition switch is in the ON position. The shift selector lever cannot be moved out of P (Park) and into any of the other gear positions if the ignition key is turned to the LOCK position or if the key is re- moved.

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WSD0068

To move the selector lever:

: Pull lever toward you to shift

: Shift without pulling lever

Shifting (KA24DE engine) Pull the shift selector lever to shift into P (Park), R (Reverse) or from D (Drive) to 2 or 1.

WARNING

Apply the parking brake if the selector lever is in any position while the engine is not running. Failure to do so could cause the vehicle to move unexpectedly or roll away and result in serious personal injury or property damage.

P (Park):

Use this selector position when the vehicle is parked or when starting the engine. Make sure the vehicle is completely stopped. The brake pedal must be depressed and the selector lever button pushed in to move the selector lever from the N (Neutral) or any drive po- sition to P (Park). Apply the parking brake. When parking on a hill, apply the parking brake first, then shift the selector lever into the P (Park) position.

Shifting from P (Park)

If the ignition switch is in the ON position and the foot brake pedal is depressed, but the shift se- lector lever still cannot be moved out of P (Park), follow these instructions.

1. Turn the ignition key to the LOCK position.

2. Apply the parking brake.

3. Reinsert the key and turn it to the ACC

position.

4. Depress the foot brake pedal and move the

shift selector lever to N (Neutral).

5. Start the engine.

These instructions for starting the vehicle in N (Neutral) should only be used until service can be obtained at a NISSAN dealership. R (Reverse):

Use this position to back up. Make sure the vehicle is completely stopped before selecting R (Reverse) position. The brake pedal must be depressed and the selector lever button pushed in to move the selector lever from P (Park), N (Neutral) or any drive position to R (Reverse).

N (Neutral):

Neither forward nor reverse gear is engaged. The engine can be started in this position. You may shift to N (Neutral) and restart a stalled engine while the vehicle is moving. D (Drive):

Use this position for all normal forward driving.

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2 (Second gear) Use this position for hill climbing or engine brak- ing on downhill grades. Do not shift into the 2 position at speeds above 58MPH (92 km/h). Do not exceed 58 MPH (92
km/h) in the 2 position. 1 (Low gear) Use this position when climbing steep hills slowly or slow driving through deep snow, sand or mud, or for maximum engine braking on steep downhill grades. Do not shift into the 1 position at speeds above 30 MPH (48 km/h). Do not exceed 30 MPH (48
km/h) in the 1 position.

5-12 Starting and driving

WARNING

Apply the parking brake if the selector lever is in any position while the engine is not running. Failure to do so could cause the vehicle to move unexpectedly or roll away and result in serious personal injury or property damage.

P (Park):

Use this selector position when the vehicle is parked or when starting the engine. Make sure the vehicle is completely stopped. The brake pedal must be depressed and the selector lever button pushed in to move the selector lever from the N (Neutral) or any drive po- sition to P (Park). Apply the parking brake. When parking on a hill, apply the parking brake first, then shift the selector lever into the P (Park) position.

Shifting from P (Park)

If the ignition switch is in the ON position and the foot brake pedal is depressed, but the shift se- lector lever still cannot be moved out of P (Park), follow these instructions.

1. Turn the ignition key to the LOCK position.

2. Apply the parking brake.

WSD0061

To move the selector lever:

: Depress the button to shift

: Shift without depressing button

Shifting (VG33E or VG33ER engine) Push the shift selector lever button to shift into P (Park), R (Reverse) or from D (Drive) to 2. All other positions can be selected without pushing the button.

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2 (Second gear): Use this position for hill climbing or engine brak- ing on downhill grades. Do not shift into the 2 position at speeds above 60 MPH (96 km/h). Do not exceed 60 MPH (96
km/h) in the 2 position. 1 (Low gear): Use this position when climbing steep hills slowly or driving slowing through deep snow, sand or mud, or for maximum engine braking on steep downhill grades. Do not shift into the 1 position at speeds above 31 MPH (50 km/h). Do not exceed 31 MPH (50
km/h) in the 1 position.

3. Reinsert the key and turn it to the ACC

position.

4. Depress the foot brake pedal and move the

shift selector lever to N (Neutral).

5. Start the engine.

These instructions for starting the vehicle in N (Neutral) should only be used until service can be obtained at a NISSAN dealership. R (Reverse):

Use this position to back up. Make sure the vehicle is completely stopped before selecting R (Reverse) position. The brake pedal must be depressed and the selector lever button pushed in to move the selector lever from P (Park), N (Neutral) or any drive position to R (Reverse).

N (Neutral):

Neither forward nor reverse gear is engaged. The engine can be started in this position. You may shift to N (Neutral) and restart a stalled engine while the vehicle is moving. D (Drive):

Use this position for all normal forward driving.

WSD0062

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Shift lock release If the battery is discharged, the shift selector lever may not be moved from the P (Park) position even with the brake pedal depressed and the shift selector lever button pushed.

To move the shift selector lever, release the shift lock and push the shift selector lever button. The shift selector lever can be moved to N (Neutral). However, the steering wheel will be locked un- less the ignition switch is turned to the ON posi- tion. To release the shift lock, complete the following procedure: 1. Turn the ignition key to the LOCK position

and remove the key.

2. Apply the parking brake. 3. Remove the shift lock cover sA . 4.

Insert a small screwdriver in the shift lock slot, and push down sB .

5. Push the shift selector lever button sC and move the shift selector lever to N (Neutral) position sD while holding down the shift lock.

6. Turn the key to the ON position to unlock the steering wheel. Now the vehicle may be moved to the desired location.

5-14 Starting and driving

If the shift selector lever cannot be moved out of P (Park), have a NISSAN dealer check the auto- matic transmission system as soon as possible. Accelerator downshift (cid:151) in D position (cid:151) For passing or hill climbing, depress the accel- erator pedal to the floor. This shifts the transmis- sion down into a lower gear, depending on the vehicle speed.

Overdrive switch (KA24DE engine type a)

WSD0069

ON:

For typical driving, push the over- drive switch ON with the se- lector lever in the D (Drive) position. The transmission is upshifted into OVERDRIVE as the vehicle speed increases.

Overdrive does not engage until the engine has reached operating temperature.

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OFF:

For driving up and down long slopes where engine braking is nec- essary push the switch OFF The indicator light in the instrument panel comes on at this time. When cruising at a low speed or climbing a gentle slope, you may feel uncom- fortable shift shocks as the trans- mission repeatedly shifts between 3rd and overdrive. In this case, set the overdrive switch in the OFF

position.

When driving conditions change, reset the over- drive switch in the ON position to turn the overdrive on. The indicator light goes out at this time. Remember not to drive at high speeds for ex- tended periods of time with the overdrive switch set in the OFF position. This reduces fuel economy.

WSD0070

Overdrive switch (KA24DE engine type b) Each time your vehicle is started, the transmis- sion is automatically (cid:147)reset(cid:148) to overdrive ON. ON:

For normal driving the overdrive switch is engaged. The transmission is upshifted into overdrive as the vehicle speed increases.

The overdrive does not engage until the engine has reached operating temperature.

OFF:

For driving up and down long slopes where engine braking is necessary, push the overdrive switch once. The O/D OFF indicator light illuminates at this time.

When cruising at a low speed or climbing a gentle slope, you may feel uncomfortable shift shocks as the transmission shifts between 3rd gear and overdrive repeatedly. In this case, press the overdrive switch. When driving conditions change, press the over- drive switch to turn the Overdrive on. The O/D OFF indicator light goes out. Remember not to drive at high speeds for ex- tended periods of time with the O/D OFF light illuminated. This reduces fuel economy.

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CAUTION

c Do not rest your foot on the clutch pedal while driving. This may cause clutch damage.

c Stop your vehicle completely before

shifting into R (Reverse).

c When the vehicle is stopped with the engine running (for example, at a stop light), shift to N (Neutral) and release the clutch pedal with the foot brake applied.

OFF:

For driving up and down long slopes where engine braking is nec- essary push the Overdrive switch once. The O/D OFF indicator light in the instrument panel comes on at this time.

When cruising at a low speed or climbing a gentle slope, you may feel uncomfortable shift shocks as the transmission shifts between third gear and Overdrive repeatedly. In this case, de- press the Overdrive switch to turn the Overdrive off. The O/D OFF indicator light in the instrument panel comes on at this time.

When driving conditions change, depress the Overdrive switch to turn the Overdrive on.

Remember not to drive at high speeds for ex- tended periods of time with the Overdrive off. This reduces fuel economy. MANUAL TRANSMISSION

WARNING

c Do not downshift abruptly on slippery roads. This may cause a loss of control. c Do not over-rev the engine when shift- ing to a lower gear. This may cause a loss of control or engine damage.

WSD0063
Overdrive switch (VG33E or VG33ER engine) Each time your vehicle is started, the transmis- sion is automatically (cid:147)reset(cid:148) to overdrive ON. ON: With the engine running and the

shift selector lever in the D (Drive) position, the transmission upshifts into Overdrive as vehicle speed increases.

Overdrive does not engage until the engine has reached operating temperature.

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WSD0064

Shifting To change gears, or when upshifting or down- shifting, depress the clutch pedal fully, shift into the appropriate gear, then release the clutch slowly and smoothly.

Start the vehicle in 1st gear and shift to 2nd, 3rd and 4th up to 5th gear in sequence according to vehicle speed.

You cannot shift directly from 5th gear into R (Reverse). First shift into N (Neutral), then into R (Reverse).

If it is difficult to move the shift lever into R (Reverse) or 1 (First), shift into N (Neutral), then

release the clutch pedal. Depress the clutch pedal again and shift into R (Reverse) or 1 (First). If your vehicle is equipped with 4-wheel drive, see Transfer case shifting procedures for (cid:147) four-wheel drive vehicles(cid:148) later in this section. Suggested upshift speeds The following are suggested vehicle speeds for shifting into a higher gear. These suggestions relate to fuel economy and vehicle performance. Actual upshift speeds will vary according to road conditions, the weather and individual driving habits. c Two-wheel drive models and four-wheel drive

models (2H and 4H position):

GEAR CHANGE

MPH (km/h)

1st to 2nd 2nd to 3rd 3rd to 4th 4th to 5th

15 (24) 25 (40) 40 (64) 45 (72)

c 4(cid:150)wheel drive model (4L position):

GEAR CHANGE

MPH (km/h)

1st to 2nd 2nd to 3rd 3rd to 4th 4th to 5th

8 (13) 12 (19) 20 (32) 22 (35)

Suggested maximum speed in each gear Downshift to a lower gear if the engine is not running smoothly, or if you need to accelerate.

Do not exceed the maximum suggested speed (shown below) in any gear. For level road driving, use the highest gear suggested for that speed. Always observe posted speed limits, and drive according to the road conditions, which will en- sure safe operation. Do not over-rev the engine when shifting to a lower gear as it may cause engine damage or loss of vehicle control. Allowable maximum speed in each gear: 2(cid:150)wheel drive models

GEAR CHANGE

1st 2nd 3rd 4th 5th

MPH (km/h)

30 (48) 55 (88) 80 (129)

(cid:151) (cid:151)

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PARKING BRAKE

WARNING

c Be sure the parking brake is fully re- leased before driving. Failure to do so can cause brake failure and lead to an accident.

c Do not release the parking brake from

outside the vehicle.

c Do not use the gear shift in place of the parking brake. When parking, be sure the parking brake is fully engaged.

c Do not leave children unattended in a vehicle. They could release the parking brake and cause an accident.

4(cid:150)wheel drive models 2H/4H position

GEAR CHANGE

MPH (km/h)

1st 2nd 3rd 4th 5th

25 (40) 43 (69) 68 (109)

(cid:151) (cid:151)

4L position

GEAR CHANGE

MPH (km/h)

1st 2nd 3rd 4th 5th

12 (19) 22 (35) 30 (48)

(cid:151) (cid:151)

5-18 Starting and driving

WSD0065
To engage: Firmly depress the parking brake sA . To release: 1. Firmly apply the foot brake. 2. Manual transmission models:

Place the shift lever in the N (Neutral) posi- tion. Automatic transmission models: Move the shift selector lever to the P (Park) position.

3. Pull out the parking brake release lever sB . 4. Before driving, be sure the brake warning

light goes out.

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CRUISE CONTROL (if so equipped)

WSD0066

RES/ACCEL switch

1. Cruise control main switch 2. 3. CANCEL switch 4. COAST/SET switch PRECAUTIONS ON CRUISE CONTROL c If the cruise control system malfunctions,

it cancels automatically. The SET indicator light in the instrument panel then blinks to warn the driver.

c If the SET indicator light blinks, turn the cruise control main switch off and have the system checked by a NISSAN dealer.

c The SET indicator light may blink when the cruise control main switch is turned ON while pushing the RES/ACCEL, COAST/SET, or CANCEL switch (located on the steering wheel). To properly set the cruise control sys- tem, use the following procedures.

WARNING

Do not use the cruise control when driving under the following conditions: c When it is not possible to keep the

vehicle at a set speed.

c In heavy traffic or in traffic that varies in

speed.

c On winding or hilly roads. c On slippery roads (rain, snow, ice, etc.). c In very windy areas. Doing so could cause a loss of vehicle control and result in an accident.

CAUTION

On manual transmission models, do not shift into N (Neutral) without depressing the clutch pedal when the cruise control is set. Should this occur, depress the clutch pedal and turn the main switch off imme- diately. Failure to do so may cause engine damage. CRUISE CONTROL OPERATIONS The cruise control allows driving at a speed be- tween 25 - 90 MPH (40 - 144 km/h) without keeping your foot on the accelerator pedal. To turn on the cruise control, push the main switch. The CRUISE indicator light in the instru- ment panel comes on. To set cruising speed, accelerate the vehicle to the desired speed, push the COAST/SET switch and release it. The SET indicator light in the instrument panel comes on. Take your foot off the accelerator pedal. Your vehicle maintains the set speed. c To pass another vehicle, depress the ac- celerator pedal. When you release the pedal, the vehicle returns to the previously set speed. c The vehicle may not maintain the set speed If this

when going up or down steep hills. happens, drive without the cruise control.

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BREAK-IN SCHEDULE

During the first 1,200 miles (2,000 km), follow these recommendations to obtain maximum en- gine performance and ensure the future reliability and economy of your new vehicle. Failure to follow these recommendations may result in shortened engine life and reduced engine perfor- mance. c Avoid driving for long periods at constant speed, either fast or slow, and do not run the engine over 4,000 rpm.

c Do not accelerate at full throttle in any gear. c Avoid quick starts. c Avoid hard braking as much as possible. c Do not tow a trailer for the first 500 miles (800

km).

c Push and hold the RES/ACCEL switch. When the vehicle attains the speed you desire, re- lease the switch.

c Push and release the RES/ACCEL switch. Each time you do this, the set speed increases by about 1 MPH (1.6 km/h).

To reset at a slower cruising speed, use one of the following three methods. c Lightly tap the brake pedal. When the vehicle the

attains COAST/SET switch and release it.

desired

speed,

push

the

c Push and hold the COAST/SET switch. Re- lease the switch when the vehicle slows to the desired speed.

c Push and release the COAST/SET switch. Each time you do this, the set speed de- creases by about 1 MPH (1.6 km/h).

To resume the preset speed, push and re- lease the RES/ACCEL switch. The vehicle re- turns to the last set cruising speed when the vehicle speed is over 25 MPH (40 km/h).

To cancel the preset speed, use one of the following three methods. c Push the CANCEL button; the SET indicator

light in the instrument panel goes out.

c Tap the brake pedal; the SET indicator light

goes out.

c Turn the main switch off. Both the CRUISE indicator light and SET indicator light in the instrument panel go out.

The cruise control is automatically canceled and the SET light in the instrument panel goes out if: c you depress the brake or clutch pedal while pushing or COAST/SETswitch. The preset speed is de- leted from memory.

RES/ACCEL

the

c the vehicle slows down more than 8 MPH (13

km/h) below the set speed.

c you depress the clutch pedal (manual trans- mission), or move the shift selector lever to N (Neutral) (automatic transmission).

To reset at a faster cruising speed, use one of the following three methods. c Depress the accelerator pedal. When the ve- hicle attains the desired speed, push and re- lease the COAST/SET switch.

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INCREASING FUEL ECONOMY

USING FOUR WHEEL DRIVE (4WD)

c Accelerate slowly and smoothly. Maintain cruising speeds with a constant accelerator position.

Use 4H or 4L position only when nec- essary. Four-wheel drive operation lowers fuel economy.

c Drive at moderate speeds on the highway.

Driving at high speed lowers fuel economy.

c Avoid unnecessary stopping and braking. Maintain a safe distance behind other vehicles. c Use a proper gear range which suits road conditions. On level roads, shift into high gear as soon as possible.

c Avoid unnecessary engine idling. c Keep your engine tuned up. c Follow the recommended periodic mainte-

nance schedule.

c Keep the tires inflated to the correct pressure. Low tire pressure increases tire wear and low- ers fuel economy.

c Keep the front wheels in correct alignment. Improper alignment increases tire wear and lowers fuel economy.

c Air conditioner operation lowers fuel economy. Use the air conditioner only when necessary. c When cruising at highway speeds, it is more economical to use the air conditioner and leave the windows closed to reduce drag.

WSD0067

To move the transfer case lever:

: Push down on the lever to shift

: Shift without pushing down on the lever

TRANSFER CASE SHIFTING PROCEDURES

WARNING

c When parking always make sure the transfer control lever is in the 2H, 4H or 4L position and the parking brake is applied.

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drive in the 2H position (for example, driving at normal speeds on snow covered, icy, wet, muddy or sandy roads). The 4H position provides greater power and traction. Avoid excessive speed as it will cause increased fuel consumption, higher oil tempera- ture and could damage drivetrain components. Speed over 50 MPH (80 km/h) in 4H are not recommended. 4L (cid:151) (4WD, low range) Four wheels are driven. Use when climbing or descending steep hills, or during hard driving in sand, mud or deep snow. The 4L position provides maximum power and traction. Avoid raising vehicle speed excessively, as the maximum speed is approximately 30 MPH (48 km/h). N (cid:151) No wheels are driven. Always keep the transfer lever out of the N (Neutral) position. Shift the lever quickly and smoothly when moving across the N (Neutral) position with the vehicle stopped.

c Do not leave the transfer control lever in the N (Neutral) position. Otherwise, the vehicle could roll unexpectedly even if the manual transmission is in any gear or the automatic transmission is in the P (Park) position. This could result in serious personal injury or property damage.

c Failure to engage the transfer control lever in 2H, 4H or 4L could result in the vehicle moving unexpectedly, which could cause serious personal injury or property damage.

CAUTION

Do not drive on dry hard surface roads in four-wheel drive. Driving on dry hard sur- faces in 4H or 4L may cause unnecessary noise, tire wear, and increased fuel con- sumption. NISSAN recommends driving in the 2H position under these conditions.

2H (cid:151) (2WD, high range) Only the rear wheels are driven. Use for driving under the same condi- tions as standard 2WD vehicles or state dyna- mometer I/M testing. 4H (cid:151) (4WD, high range) Four wheels are driven. Use when driving on roads where it is difficult to

5-22 Starting and driving

SD0021

AUTO-LOCK FREE- RUNNING HUBS

The auto-lock free-running hub is designed to allow for automatic four-wheel drive engagement when the shift lever is moved to the 4H or 4L position. Follow these operational cautions:

CAUTION

c The auto-locking hubs will make a clicking noise when engaging and dis- engaging. This is normal.

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c Accelerating quickly from a stop after shifting from two-wheel drive to four- wheel drive may not allow engagement of the auto-locking free-running hubs and may cause a clattering noise. If this occurs, release the accelerator pedal to reduce the engine speed or stop the vehicle. Continued use of the vehicle with this noise may damage the hub lock.

c If the auto-locking hubs make a clatter- ing noise after shifting from four-wheel drive to two-wheel drive, stop and move the vehicle in reverse gear, in a straight line, about 7 to 10 feet (2 to 3 m).

c Under extremely cold conditions [below 5(cid:176)F (-15(cid:176)C)], the front axle shafts may rotate even with the transfer lever in the 2H position. If this occurs, the auto- locking hubs may make a clattering noise. To avoid this, drive first in four- wheel drive to warm up the vehicle and differential gear oil. Then, shift to two- wheel drive.

c In cold weather, it may be necessary to reduce speed or stop the vehicle in or- der to shift from two-wheel drive to four-wheel drive.

c When shifting into or out of four-wheel drive while driving, do not stop shift lever movement midway. An incomplete shift may cause a clattering noise from the auto-locking hubs. Continued use of the vehicle with this noise may dam- age the hub lock. Drive in four-wheel drive to stop the noise. Shift to two- wheel drive as described.

For Automatic transmission models: When moving the transfer lever from 4H or 4L to 4L or 4H, you must always move it quickly through the N position. If you are slow to shift, the engine idle speed will allow the transfer gears to speed up and gear clashing will occur. Do not move the transfer lever from 4H or 4L to 4L or 4H, from 2H to 4L and from 4L to 2H with the engine turned off. Otherwise, you may have difficulty in moving the transfer lever to the de- sired position. Do not leave the transfer lever in the N position with the engine running. Stopping with the trans- fer case in the N position may cause gear grind- ing when selecting another gear. Changing the transfer case gear quickly and smoothly will elimi- nate this.

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TO SHIFT

TRANSFER CASE

From 2H to 4H

From 4H to 2H

SHIFT PROCEDURE FOR AUTO-LOCK FREE RUNNING HUBS

Move the transfer case shift lever to 4H at speeds below 25 MPH (40 km/h). It is not necessary to depress the clutch pedal. Perform this operation when driving straight, not while cornering. 1. Move the transfer case shift lever to 2H. This can be done at any speed, and it is not necessary to depress the clutch pedal. Perform this operation when driving straight, not while cornering. 2. Disengage the AUTO-LOCK hubs following the procedure outlined below. NOTE: The 4WD indicator light may not turn off immediately under certain driving conditions, such as when the vehicle is driven uphill. This is normal and it will shut off as the vehicle is driven further. AUTO-LOCK HUB DISENGAGEMENT (FREE MODE) The AUTO-LOCK hubs will not disengage until the vehicle is completely stopped and is then moved in a straight line, approxi- mately 7-10 ft (2-3 m), in the opposite direction of travel. For example: If you were driving the vehicle forward, stop and move the vehicle 7-10 ft (2-3 m) backward. If you were driving the vehicle in reverse, stop and move the vehicle 7-10 ft (2-3 m) forward. It is not necessary to immediately return the AUTO-LOCK hubs to FREE MODE when shifting from 4H to 2H. The vehicle may be operated under normal 2H conditions with the AUTO-LOCK hubs engaged. However, disengaging the AUTO-LOCK hubs will allow for better fuel economy, quieter ride and less component wear. Leaving the hubs locked while driving in 2H may be desirable so that you can easily shift to 4H at speeds greater than 25 MPH (40 km/h). 1. Stop the vehicle.

From 4H to 4L or 4L to 4H

From 2H to 4L

From 4L to 2H

Keep the engine running.

2. Depress the clutch pedal, or place the transmission selector lever in the N (Neutral) position. 3. Depress the transfer case shift lever and move it to the 4L or 4H position. Change gears quickly and smoothly. 1. Stop the vehicle.

Keep the engine running.

2. Depress the clutch pedal, or place the transmission selector lever in the N (Neutral) position. 3. Depress the transfer case shift lever and move it to the 4L position. Change gears quickly and smoothly. 1. Stop the vehicle.

Keep the engine running.

2. Depress the clutch pedal, or place the transmission selector lever in the N (Neutral) position. 3. Depress the transfer case shift lever and move it to the 2H position. Change gears quickly and smoothly. 4. Disengage the AUTO-LOCK hubs following the procedure outlined above.

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PARKING/PARKING ON HILLS

WARNING

c Do not stop or park the vehicle over flammable materials such as dry grass, waste paper or rags. They may ignite and cause a fire.

The transfer control lever must be in the 2H, 4H or 4L position and the parking brake set to prevent the vehicle from rolling.

WSD0050

c Never place the transfer control lever in the N (Neutral) position. Otherwise, the vehicle could roll unexpectedly even if the manual transmission is in gear or the automatic transmission is in the P (Park) position. This could result in se- rious injury or property damage.

c Safe parking procedures require that both the parking brake be set and the transmission placed into P (Park) for automatic transmission models or in an appropriate gear for manual transmis- sion models. Failure to do so could cause the vehicle to move unexpectedly or roll away and result in an accident. Make sure the shift lever has been pushed as far forward as it can go and cannot be moved without depressing the foot brake pedal.

c Never leave the engine running while

the vehicle is unattended.

c Do not leave children unattended inside the vehicle. They could unknowingly ac- tivate switches or controls. Unattended children could become involved in seri- ous accidents.

c If the ATP lamp is ON, this indicates that the automatic transmission P (Park) po- sition will not function and the transfer control shift lever is in the N (Neutral) position. Failure to engage the transfer control lever in the 2H, 4H or 4L position could result in the vehicle moving unex- pectedly, resulting in serious personal injury or property damage.

1. Firmly apply the parking brake.

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POWER STEERING

BRAKE SYSTEM

The power assisted steering is designed to use a hydraulic pump, driven by the engine, to assist steering. If the engine stops or the drive belt breaks, you will still have control of the vehicle. However, much greater steering effort is needed, especially in sharp turns and at low speeds.

WARNING

If the engine is not running or is turned off while driving, the power assist for the steering will not work. Steering will be much harder to operate.

The brake system has two separate hydraulic circuits. If one circuit malfunctions, you will still have braking at two wheels. BRAKE PRECAUTIONS Vacuum assisted brakes The brake booster aids braking by using engine vacuum. If the engine stops, you can stop the vehicle by depressing the brake pedal. However, greater foot pressure on the brake pedal will be required to stop the vehicle and stopping dis- tance will be longer. Using the brakes Avoid resting your foot on the brake pedal while driving. This will overheat the brakes, wear out the brake linings and pads faster, and reduce gas mileage.

To help reduce brake wear and to prevent the brakes from overheating, reduce speed and downshift to a lower gear before going down a slope or long grade. Overheated brakes may reduce braking performance and could result in loss of vehicle control.

2. Manual transmission models:

Place the shift lever in the R (Reverse) posi- tion. When parking on an uphill grade, place the shift lever in 1st gear. Automatic transmission models: Move the shift selector lever to the P (Park) position.

3. To help prevent the vehicle from rolling into traffic when parked on an incline, it is a good practice to turn the wheels as illustrated.

c HEADED DOWNHILL WITH CURB: s1

Turn the wheels into the curb and move the vehicle forward until the curb side wheel gen- tly touches the curb.

c HEADED UPHILL WITH CURB: s2

Turn the wheels away from the curb and move the vehicle back until the curb side wheel gently touches the curb.

c HEADED UPHILL OR DOWNHILL, NO

CURB: s3
Turn the wheels toward the side of the road so the vehicle will move away from the center of the road if it moves.

4. Turn the ignition key to the LOCK position

and remove the key.

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WARNING

c While driving on a slippery surface, be careful when braking, accelerating or downshifting. Abrupt braking or accel- erating could cause the wheels to skid and result in an accident.

c If the engine is not running or is turned off while driving, the power assist for the brakes will not work. Braking will be harder.

Wet brakes When the vehicle is washed or driven through water, the brakes may get wet. As a result, your braking distance will be longer and the vehicle may pull to one side during braking.

To dry the brakes, drive the vehicle at a safe speed while lightly pressing the brake pedal to heat up the brakes. Do this until the brakes return to normal. Avoid driving the vehicle at high speeds until the brakes function correctly. ANTI-LOCK BRAKE SYSTEM (ABS) The anti-lock brake system controls the brakes at each wheel so the wheels do not lock when braking abruptly or when braking on slippery sur- faces. The system detects the rotation speed at each wheel and varies the brake fluid pressure to

prevent each wheel from locking and sliding. By preventing wheel lockup, the system helps the driver maintain steering control and helps to mini- mize swerving and spinning on slippery surfaces. Using the system (4-wheel ABS) Depress the brake pedal and hold it down.

WARNING

Do not pump the brake pedal. Doing so may stopping distances.

increased

result

in

Normal operation The anti-lock brake system does not operate at speeds below 3 - 6 MPH (5 - 10 km/h). (The speeds vary according to road conditions.)

When driving, the anti-lock brake system con- trols the wheels so they will not lock when brak- ing abruptly or when braking on a slippery road. Thus, difficult steering and swerving of the ve- hicle due to locked wheels is minimized. The system detects the wheel rotation rate and elec- tronically controls the pressure applied to each brake. Slight vibration on the brake pedal accom- panied by noise usually occurs while the ABS system is operating. Such vibration and noise encountered during abrupt braking is not a prob- lem, but indicates that the system is functioning

properly. However, the pulsation may indicate that road conditions are hazardous and extra care is required while driving. Self-test feature The anti-lock brake system consists of electronic sensors and hydraulic solenoids controlled by a computer. The computer has a built-in diagnostic feature that tests the system each time you start the engine and move the vehicle at a low speed in forward or reverse. When the self-test occurs, you may hear a (cid:145)(cid:145)clunk(cid:146)(cid:146) noise and/or feel a pulsa- tion in the brake pedal. This is normal and is not an indication of any malfunction. If the computer senses any malfunction, it switches the anti-lock brake system off and turns on the ABS brake warning light on the instrument panel. The brake system then operates normally, but without anti- lock assistance.

If a malfunction occurs in the system, the anti- lock function will not operate, but the standard vehicle brake system will continue to operate normally. The ABS brake warning light will then come on.

If the light comes on during the self-test or while driving, take the vehicle to a NISSAN dealer for repair.

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WARNING

c The anti-lock brake system is a sophis- ticated device, but it cannot prevent ac- cidents resulting from careless or dan- gerous driving techniques. It can help maintain vehicle control during braking on slippery surfaces, but remember that the stopping distance on slippery sur- faces will be longer than on normal surfaces even with the anti-lock brake system. Stopping distances may also be longer on rough, gravel or snow cov- ered roads, or if you are using tire chains. Tire type and condition may also affect braking effectiveness. Always maintain a safe distance from the ve- hicle in front of you. Ultimately, the re- sponsibility for safety of self and others rests in the hands of the driver.

c Tire type and condition of tires may also

affect braking effectiveness.

c When replacing tires, install the speci-

fied size of tires on all four wheels.

5-28 Starting and driving

c When installing a spare tire, make sure it is the proper size and type as speci- fied on the tire placard. For tire placard location information, refer to (cid:147)Tire plac- ard(cid:148) in the (cid:147)Technical and consumer information(cid:148) section of this manual.

c Refer to (cid:147)Wheels and tires(cid:148) in the (cid:147)Maintenance and do-it-yourself(cid:148) sec- tion of this manual.

VEHICLE DYNAMIC CONTROL (VDC) SYSTEM (if so equipped)

When driving on slippery surfaces or suddenly avoiding obstacles on roads, the vehicle might swerve or slip. With the Vehicle Dynamic Control (VDC) system, sensors detect these movements and control the braking and engine output to help improve vehicle stability while driving. c When the vehicle dynamic control system is operating, the slip indicator in the instrument panel blinks.

c When only the traction control system portion of the vehicle dynamic control system is oper- ating, the slip indicator will also blink.

c If the slip indicator blinks, the vehicle is under slippery conditions. Be sure to drive carefully. See (cid:147)Slip indicator light(cid:148), and (cid:147)Vehicle dy- namic control off indicator light(cid:148) in the (cid:147)Instru- ments and controls(cid:148) section.

c Indicator light

indicator lights come on in the in-

If malfunction occurs in the system, the and strument panel. As long as these warning lights are on, the traction control function is canceled.

The VDC system uses a Brake Limited Slip Dif- ferential (LSD) system to improve vehicle trac- tion. The brake LSD system works when one of the driving wheels is spinning on a slippery sur- face. The brake LSD system brakes the spinning

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c The vehicle dynamic control system is not a substitute for winter tires or tire chains on a snow covered road.

wheel which distributes the driving power to the other drive wheel. If the vehicle is operated with the vehicle dynamic control system off, all VDC and TCS functions will be turned off. The brake LSD system and ABS will still operate with the VDC system OFF. If the brake LSD system or the ABS is activated, the slip indicator light will blink and you may hear a clunk noise and/or feel a pulsation in the brake pedal. This is normal.

While the VDC system is operating, you may feel a pulsation in the brake pedal and hear a noise or vibration from under the hood. This is normal and indicates that the VDC system is working prop- erly.

The computer has a built in diagnostic feature that tests the system each time you start the engine and move the vehicle forward or in reverse at a slow speed. When the self-test occurs, you may hear a clunk noise and/or feel a pulsation in the brake pedal. This is normal and is not an indication of a malfunction.

WARNING

c The vehicle dynamic control system is designed to help improve driving stabil- ity but does not prevent accidents due to abrupt steering operation at high speeds or by careless or dangerous driving techniques. Reduce vehicle speed and be especially careful when driving and cornering on slippery sur- faces and always drive carefully.

c If suspension parts such as shock ab- sorbers, struts, springs and bushings are not standard equipment or are ex- tremely deteriorated, the vehicle dy- namic control off indicator light may come on.

c When driving on extremely inclined sur- faces such as higher banked corners, the vehicle dynamic control system may not operate properly or the vehicle dy- namic control off indicator light may come on. Do not drive on these types of roads.

c If the tires other than the recommended ones are used, the vehicle dynamic con- trol system may not operate properly or the vehicle dynamic control off indica- tor light may come on.

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COLD WEATHER DRIVING

FREEING A FROZEN DOOR LOCK To prevent a door lock from freezing, apply de- icer through the key hole. If the lock becomes frozen, heat the key before inserting it into the key hole. ANTI-FREEZE In the winter when it is anticipated that the tem- perature will drop below 32(cid:176)F (0(cid:176)C), check the anti-freeze (ethylene glycol base) to assure proper winter protection. For details, see (cid:145)(cid:145)Engine cooling system(cid:146)(cid:146) in the (cid:145)(cid:145)Maintenance and do-it- yourself(cid:146)(cid:146) section of this manual. BATTERY If the battery is not fully charged during extremely cold weather conditions, the battery fluid may freeze and damage the battery. To maintain maxi- mum efficiency, the battery should be checked regularly. For details, see (cid:145)(cid:145)Battery(cid:146)(cid:146) in the (cid:145)(cid:145)Main- tenance and do-it-yourself(cid:146)(cid:146) section of this manual. DRAINING OF COOLANT WATER If the vehicle is to be left outside without anti- freeze, drain the cooling system, including the engine block. Refill before operating the vehicle.

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For details, see (cid:145)(cid:145)Changing engine coolant(cid:146)(cid:146) in the (cid:145)(cid:145)Maintenance and do-it-yourself(cid:146)(cid:146) section of this manual. TIRE EQUIPMENT 1. SUMMER tires have a tread designed to provide superior performance on dry pave- ment. However, the performance of these tires will be substantially reduced in snowy and icy conditions. If you operate your ve- hicle on snowy or icy roads, NISSAN recom- mends the use of MUD & SNOW or ALL SEASON TIRES on all four wheels. Please consult a NISSAN dealer for the tire type, size, speed rating and availability informa- tion.

2. For additional traction on icy roads, studded tires may be used. However, some U.S. states and Canadian provinces prohibit their use. Check local, state and provincial laws before installing studded tires.

Skid and traction capabilities of studded snow tires on wet or dry surfaces may be poorer than that of non-studded snow tires. 3. Tire chains may be used.

Use of tire chains may be prohibited accord- ing to location. Check the local laws before installing tire chains. When installing tire chains, make sure they are of proper size for

the tires on your vehicle and are installed according to the chain manufacturer(cid:146)s sug- gestions. Use only SAE Class (cid:147)S(cid:148) chains. Class (cid:147)S(cid:148) chains are used on vehicles with restricted wheel well clearance. Vehicles that can use Class (cid:147)S(cid:148) chains are designed to meet the minimum clearances between the tire and the closest vehicle suspension or body component required to accommo- date the use of a winter traction device (tire chains or cables). The minimum clearances are determined using the factory equipped tire size. Other types may damage your ve- hicle. Use chain tensioners when recom- mended by the tire chain manufacturer to ensure a tight fit. Loose end links of the tire chain must be secured or removed to pre- vent the possibility of whipping action dam- age to the fenders or underbody. If possible, avoid fully loading your vehicle when using tire chains. In addition, drive at a reduced speed. Otherwise, your vehicle may be dam- aged and/or vehicle handling and perfor- mance may be adversely affected. Never install tire chains on spare tires. Do not use tire chains on dry roads.

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SPECIAL WINTER EQUIPMENT It is recommended that the following items be carried in the vehicle during winter: c A scraper and stiff-bristled brush to remove