2016 GMC Terrain Owners Manual

. Tows a trailer. If the overheat warning is displayed with no sign of steam: 1. Turn the air conditioning off. 2. Turn the heater on to the

highest temperature and to the highest fan speed. Open the windows as necessary.

3. When it is safe to do so, pull off

the road, shift to P (Park) or N (Neutral) and let the engine idle.

If the temperature overheat gauge is no longer in the overheat zone or an overheat warning no longer displays, the vehicle can be driven. Continue to drive the vehicle slowly for about 10 minutes. Keep a safe vehicle distance from the vehicle in front. If the warning does not come

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back on, continue to drive normally and have the cooling system checked for proper fill and function. If the warning continues, pull over, stop, and park the vehicle right away. If there is no sign of steam, idle the engine for three minutes while parked. If the warning is still displayed, turn off the engine until it cools down.

Power Steering Fluid (2.4L L4 Engine) The vehicle has electric power steering and does not use power steering fluid.

Power Steering Fluid (3.6L V6 Engine)

The power steering fluid reservoir is located toward the rear of the engine compartment on the passenger side of the vehicle. See Engine Compartment Overview 0 199 for reservoir location. When to Check Power Steering Fluid The power steering fluid does not need to be checked unless there is a leak in the system or you hear an unusual noise. Have the system inspected and repaired if there is a fluid loss. How to Check Power Steering Fluid To check the power steering fluid: 1. Turn the engine off and let it

cool down.

2. Remove the engine cover.

Refer to Engine Cover 0 202.

3. Wipe the cap and the top of the

reservoir clean.

4. Unscrew the cap and wipe the

dipstick with a clean rag.

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213

5. Replace the cap and completely tighten it.

6. Remove the cap again and look at the fluid level on the dipstick.

The fluid level should be between MAX and MIN line at room temperature. If the fluid is on or below MIN line, add fluid. What to Use To determine what kind of fluid to use, refer to Recommended Fluids and Lubricants 0 282. Always use the proper fluid.

Caution

Use of the incorrect fluid may damage the vehicle and the damages may not be covered by the vehicle warranty. Always use the correct fluid listed in Recommended Fluids and Lubricants 0 282.

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Washer Fluid

What to Use When windshield washer fluid is needed, be sure to read the manufacturer's instructions before use. If operating the vehicle in an area where the temperature may fall below freezing, use a fluid that has sufficient protection against freezing. Adding Washer Fluid

Open the cap with the washer symbol on it. Add washer fluid until the tank is full. See Engine Compartment Overview 0 199 for reservoir location.

Caution

Caution (Continued)

. Do not use washer fluid that

contains any type of water repellent coating. This can cause the wiper blades to chatter or skip.

. Do not use engine coolant

(antifreeze) in the windshield washer. It can damage the windshield washer system and paint.

. Do not mix water with

ready-to-use washer fluid. Water can cause the solution to freeze and damage the washer fluid tank and other parts of the washer system.

. When using concentrated

washer fluid, follow the manufacturer instructions for adding water.

. Fill the washer fluid tank

only three-quarters full when it is very cold. This allows for fluid expansion if

(Continued)

freezing occurs, which could damage the tank if it is completely full.

Brakes Disc brake pads have built-in wear indicators that make a high-pitched warning sound when the brake pads are worn and new pads are needed. The sound can come and go or be heard all the time when the vehicle is moving, except when applying the brake pedal firmly.

{ Warning

The brake wear warning sound means that soon the brakes will not work well. That could lead to a crash. When the brake wear warning sound is heard, have the vehicle serviced.

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Caution

Continuing to drive with worn-out brake pads could result in costly brake repair.

Some driving conditions or climates can cause a brake squeal when the brakes are first applied or lightly applied. This does not mean something is wrong with the brakes. Properly torqued wheel nuts are necessary to help prevent brake pulsation. When tires are rotated, inspect brake pads for wear and evenly tighten wheel nuts in the proper sequence to torque specifications. See Capacities and Specifications 0 286. Brake pads should be replaced as complete sets. Brake Pedal Travel See your dealer if the brake pedal does not return to normal height, or if there is a rapid increase in pedal travel. This could be a sign that brake service may be required.

Replacing Brake System Parts Always replace brake system parts with new, approved replacement parts. If this is not done, the brakes may not work properly. The braking performance expected can change in many other ways if the wrong replacement brake parts are installed or parts are improperly installed.

Brake Fluid

The brake master cylinder reservoir is filled with DOT 3 brake fluid as indicated on the reservoir cap. See Engine Compartment Overview 0 199 for the location of the reservoir.

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215

There are only two reasons why the brake fluid level in the reservoir may go down: . Normal brake lining wear. When

new linings are installed, the fluid level goes back up. . A fluid leak in the brake

hydraulic system. Have the brake hydraulic system fixed. With a leak, the brakes will not work well.

Always clean the brake fluid reservoir cap and the area around the cap before removing it. Do not top off the brake fluid. Adding fluid does not correct a leak. If fluid is added when the linings are worn, there will be too much fluid when new brake linings are installed. Add or remove fluid, as necessary, only when work is done on the brake hydraulic system.

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{ Warning

{ Warning

If too much brake fluid is added, it can spill on the engine and burn, if the engine is hot enough. You or others could be burned, and the vehicle could be damaged. Add brake fluid only when work is done on the brake hydraulic system.

When the brake fluid falls to a low level, the brake warning light comes on. See Brake System Warning Light 0 105. Brake fluid absorbs water over time. Replace brake fluid at the specified intervals to prevent increased stopping distance. See Maintenance Schedule 0 273.

What to Add Use only GM approved DOT 3
brake fluid from a clean, sealed container. See Recommended Fluids and Lubricants 0 282.

The wrong or contaminated brake fluid could result in damage to the brake system. This could result in the loss of braking leading to a possible injury. Always use the proper brake fluid.

Caution

If brake fluid is spilled on the vehicle's painted surfaces, the paint finish can be damaged. Immediately wash off any painted surface.

Battery - North America The original equipment battery is maintenance free. Do not remove the cap and do not add fluid. Refer to the replacement number shown on the original battery label when a new battery is needed. See Engine Compartment Overview 0 199 for battery location.

{ Warning WARNING: Battery posts, terminals, and related accessories contain lead and lead compounds, chemicals known to the State of California to cause cancer and birth defects or other reproductive harm. Batteries also contain other chemicals known to the State of California to cause cancer. WASH HANDS AFTER HANDLING. See California Proposition 65 Warning 0 196.

Vehicle Storage

{ Warning

Batteries have acid that can burn you and gas that can explode. You can be badly hurt if you are not careful. See Jump Starting - North America 0 256 for tips on working around a battery without getting hurt.

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Infrequent Usage: Remove the black, negative (−) cable from the battery to keep the battery from running down. Extended Storage: Remove the black, negative (−) cable from the battery or use a battery trickle charger.

All-Wheel Drive

Transfer Case Under normal driving conditions, transfer case fluid does not require maintenance unless there is a fluid leak or unusual noise. If required, have the transfer case serviced by your dealer.

Starter Switch Check

{ Warning When you are doing this inspection, the vehicle could move suddenly. If the vehicle moves, you or others could be injured.

1. Before starting this check, be

1. Before starting this check, be

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217

sure there is enough room around the vehicle.

2. Apply both the parking brake

and the regular brake. Do not use the accelerator pedal, and be ready to turn off the engine immediately if it starts.

3. Try to start the engine in each gear. The vehicle should start only in P (Park) or N (Neutral). If the vehicle starts in any other position, contact your dealer for service.

Automatic Transmission Shift Lock Control Function Check

{ Warning When you are doing this inspection, the vehicle could move suddenly. If the vehicle moves, you or others could be injured.

sure there is enough room around the vehicle. It should be parked on a level surface.

2. Apply the parking brake. Be

ready to apply the regular brake immediately if the vehicle begins to move.

3. With the engine off, turn the

ignition on, but do not start the engine. Without applying the regular brake, try to move the shift lever out of P (Park) with normal effort. If the shift lever moves out of P (Park), contact your dealer for service.

Ignition Transmission Lock Check While parked and with the parking brake set, try to turn the ignition to LOCK/OFF in each shift lever position. . The ignition should turn to

LOCK/OFF only when the shift lever is in P (Park).

. The ignition key should come

out only in LOCK/OFF.

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Contact your dealer if service is required.

Park Brake and P (Park) Mechanism Check { Warning

When you are doing this check, the vehicle could begin to move. You or others could be injured and property could be damaged. Make sure there is room in front of the vehicle in case it begins to roll. Be ready to apply the regular brake at once should the vehicle begin to move.

Park on a fairly steep hill, with the vehicle facing downhill. Keeping your foot on the regular brake, set the parking brake. . To check the parking brake's

holding ability: With the engine running and the transmission in N (Neutral), slowly remove foot pressure from the regular brake pedal. Do this until the vehicle is held by the parking brake only.

. To check the P (Park)

mechanism's holding ability: With the engine running, shift to P (Park). Then release the parking brake followed by the regular brake.

Contact your dealer if service is required.

Wiper Blade Replacement Windshield wiper blades should be inspected for wear and cracking. See Maintenance Schedule 0 273. Replacement blades come in different types and are removed in different ways. For proper type and length, see Maintenance Replacement Parts 0 283.

Caution

Allowing the wiper arm to touch the windshield when no wiper blade is installed could damage the windshield. Any damage that occurs would not be covered by

(Continued)

Caution (Continued)

the vehicle warranty. Do not allow the wiper arm to touch the windshield.

Front Wiper Blade Replacement To replace the front wiper blades: 1. Lift the wiper arm from the windshield until no further movement is possible.

2. Press the square button on the

top side, at the end of the wiper arm, and pull the wiper blade out of the end of the wiper arm. Install the wiper blade connector by sliding into the end of the wiper arm until the

3.

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square button on the wiper blade clicks into place with the wiper arm.

4. Place the wiper arm with the wiper blade in place back on the windshield.

Rear Wiper Blade Replacement The rear wiper blade and wiper arm have a cover for protection. The cover must be removed before the wiper blade can be replaced. To remove the cover:

4. After wiper blade replacement, ensure that cover hook slides into the slot in the blade assembly.

5. Snap the cover down to

secure.

To replace the wiper blade: 1. Lift the wiper arm away from

the windshield.

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219

Headlamp Aiming Headlamp aim has been preset and should need no further adjustment. If the vehicle is damaged in a crash, the headlamp aim may be affected. If adjustment to the headlamps is necessary, see your dealer.

1. Slide a plastic tool under the

cover and push upward to unsnap.

2. Slide the cover toward the wiper blade tip to unhook it from the blade assembly.

3. Remove the cover.

2. Push the release lever (2) to

disengage the hook and push the wiper arm (1) out of the blade assembly (3).

3. Push the new blade assembly securely on the wiper arm until the release lever clicks into place.

4. Replace the wiper cover.

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Vehicle Care

Bulb Replacement For the proper type of replacement bulbs, see Replacement Bulbs 0 223. For any bulb changing procedure not listed in this section, contact your dealer.

Halogen Bulbs

{ Warning

Halogen bulbs have pressurized gas inside and can burst if you drop or scratch the bulb. You or others could be injured. Be sure to read and follow the instructions on the bulb package.

Taillamps, Turn Signal, Sidemarker, Stoplamps, and Back-Up Lamps

1. Stop/Tail/Turn Signal/

Sidemarker Lamp 2. Auxiliary Taillamp 3. Back-up Lamp

Stop/Tail/Turn Signal/ Sidemarker Lamp To replace one of these lamps: 1. Open the liftgate. See Liftgate

0 32.

2. Remove the two screw covers

from the taillamp assembly.

3. Remove the two screws

securing the taillamp assembly.

4. Pull the taillamp assembly out

of the vehicle body.

5. Disconnect the lamp wiring

harness.

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6. Turn the bulb socket

counterclockwise and pull it out.

7. Pull the bulb straight out of the

socket. Install the new bulb.

8. 9. Push the bulb socket in and

turn it clockwise.

10. Reverse Steps 2–5 to reinstall

the lamp assembly.

11. Verify that the taillamp

assembly tab, located at the bottom of the taillamp assembly, is aligned to the fascia bracket before securing with screws.

Auxiliary Taillamp To replace one of these lamps: 1. Open the liftgate. See Liftgate

0 32.

2. Remove the interior trim

access panel.

3. Remove the five attachment nuts (1) securing the taillamp assembly to the liftgate. 4. Disengage the retaining

hook (2) and pull the taillamp assembly out of the vehicle liftgate.

5. Disconnect the lamp wiring

harness.

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Vehicle Care

1. Open the liftgate. See Liftgate

0 32.

2. Remove the interior trim

access panel.

License Plate Lamp

6. Turn the bulb socket

counterclockwise and pull it out.

7. Pull the bulb straight out of the

socket. Install the new bulb.

8. 9. Push the bulb socket in and

turn it clockwise.

10. Reverse Steps 2–5 to reinstall

lamp assembly.

Back–Up Lamp Removal of the lamp assembly is not required to replace the back-up lamp bulb. To replace one of these lamps:

3. Turn the bulb socket

counterclockwise and pull it out.

4. Pull the bulb straight out of the

socket. Install the new bulb.

5. 6. Push the bulb socket in and

turn it clockwise.

7. Reinstall the interior trim

access panel.

Lamp Assembly

Bulb Assembly

1. Bulb Socket

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2. Bulb 3. Lamp Assembly

To replace one of these bulbs: 1. Open the liftgate partway. See

Liftgate 0 32.

2. Push the left end of the lamp

assembly toward the right.

3. Pull the lamp assembly down to remove it from the liftgate.

4. Turn the bulb socket (1)

counterclockwise to remove it from the lamp assembly (3).

5. Pull the bulb (2) straight out of

the bulb socket (1).

6. Push the replacement bulb straight into the bulb socket and turn the bulb socket clockwise to install it into the lamp assembly.

7. Push the lamp assembly into the liftgate engaging the clip side first.

8. Push on the lamp side opposite the clip until the lamp assembly snaps into place.

Replacement Bulbs

Electrical System

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223

Exterior Lamp

Auxiliary Taillamp Back-Up Lamp License Plate Lamp Taillamp/Turn Signal Lamp/Stop Lamp/ Sidemarker

Bulb

Number

161
921

W5WLL 3057K RD

For replacement bulbs not listed here, contact your dealer.

Fuses The wiring circuits in the vehicle are protected from short circuits by fuses. This greatly reduces the chance of damage caused by electrical problems. Look at the silver-colored band inside the fuse. If the band is broken or melted, replace the fuse. Be sure to replace a bad fuse with a new one of the identical size and rating. Replace a bad fuse with a new one of the identical size and rating. If there is a problem on the road and a fuse needs to be replaced, the same amperage fuse can be borrowed. Choose some feature of the vehicle that is not needed to use and replace it as soon as possible. There are two fuse blocks in the vehicle: one in the engine compartment and one in the instrument panel.

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Vehicle Care

There is a fuse puller located in the engine compartment fuse block. See Engine Compartment Fuse Block 0 224. It can be used to easily remove fuses from the fuse block.

Engine Compartment Fuse Block

Caution

Spilling liquid on any electrical component on the vehicle may damage it. Always keep the covers on any electrical component.

To remove the fuse block cover, squeeze the clips on the cover and lift it straight up. See Engine Compartment Overview 0 199.

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J-Case Fuses

Usage

10
11

12
13

14

15

16

77

Mini Fuses

17

18

Rear Defogger Starter AIR Pump Motor Instrument Panel Fuse Block 2
Sunroof Antilock Brake System Pump Instrument Panel Fuse Block 3
Power Windows – Left Antilock Brake System Module Power Seat – Right

Usage Transmission Control Module Battery Trailer Parking Light

The vehicle may not be equipped with all of the fuses, relays, and features shown.

J-Case Fuses

Usage

Cool Fan 1
Cool Fan 2
Brake Booster

J-Case Fuses

Usage

Power Windows – Right Memory Seat Module Power Seat – Left Instrument Panel Fuse Block 1

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Vehicle Care

Mini Fuses

Usage

Mini Fuses

19
20

21
22

23
24
25

26

27

28

29
30
31

32

AIR Pump Solenoid Engine Control Module Battery Canister Vent Trailer Left Side (If Equipped) Liftgate Module Power Lumbar Trailer Right Side (If Equipped) Rear Accessory Power Outlet Memory Mirror Module Regulated Voltage Control Battery Sensor Front Wiper Rear Wiper Air Conditioning Compressor Rear Latch

33
34
35

36

37
38
39
40
41

42

43

44

45

Usage Heated Mirrors Horn Right High-Beam Headlamp Left High-Beam Headlamp Ignition Even Coil Ignition Odd Coil Windshield Washer Front Fog Lamps Post Catalytic Converter Oxygen Sensor Engine Control Module Pre–Catalytic Converter Oxygen Sensor Transmission Control Module Mirror

Mini Fuses

Usage

46

47
48
49

50

51
52

53

54
78

Fuel System Control Module Ignition Spare Rear Drive Module Lift Gate Module Logic Instrument Panel Fuse Block Ignition Heated Seat– Front Fuel System Control Module Engine Control Module Rear Vision Camera Passenger Power Lumbar

Midi Fuse

55

Usage Electric Power Steering

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Micro Relays

Usage

Instrument Panel Fuse Block

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227

56
57
58
59

60
61

62

63
64
65
66
67
68

AIR Pump Solenoid Brake Booster Cooling Fan Low Headlamp High Beam Cooling Fan Control Wiper On/Off Control Air Conditioning Compressor Rear Defogger Wiper Speed Fog Lamp Engine Control Starter Run/Crank

Mini Relays

Usage

69
70

Cooling Fan High AIR Pump Motor

The instrument panel fuse block is located on the passenger side panel of the center console. To access the fuses, open the fuse panel door from the passenger side by pulling it out. To reinstall the door, insert the tabs on the top of the door into the console first, then push the door back into its original location. The vehicle may not be equipped with all of the fuses, relays, and features shown.

Instrument Panel Fuse Block

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Mini Fuses

Usage

Mini Fuses

Usage

Mini Fuses

Usage

10
11

12

13

Steering Wheel Dimming Spare Spare Body Control Module 1
Infotainment Body Control Module 7
Noise Control Module Body Control Module 4
Radio Spare Rear Parking Assist Module Heater, Ventilation, and Air Conditioning Battery Auxiliary Power Front

14

15
16

17

18

19

20

21
22

23
24
25

Heater, Ventilation and Air Conditioning Ignition Display Body Control Module 5
Auxiliary Power Rear Instrument Panel Ignition Universal Garage Door Opener Body Control Module 6
Spare Sensing and Diagnostic Module Ignition Front Camera Spare Transmission Gear Shift Position Indicator

26
27
28
30

31
32

33

34

35

36
37

38

39

Spare Spare Spare Body Control Module 3
Amplifier Discrete Logic Ignition Switch Communications Integration Module Body Control Module 2
Sensing and Diagnostic Module Battery Data Link Connector Instrument Panel Battery Passenger Sensing System Module Spare

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Usage

Wheels and Tires

J-Case Fuses

29
40

Front Blower Motor Body Control Module 8

Relays

Usage

41

42

Logistic Relay (If Equipped) Retained Accessory Power Relay

Tires Every new GM vehicle has high-quality tires made by a leading tire manufacturer. See the warranty manual for information regarding the tire warranty and where to get service. For additional information refer to the tire manufacturer.

{ Warning

. Poorly maintained and

improperly used tires are dangerous.

. Overloading the tires can

cause overheating as a result of too much flexing. There could be a blowout and a serious crash. See Vehicle Load Limits 0 154.

(Continued)

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229

Warning (Continued)

. Underinflated tires pose

the same danger as overloaded tires. The resulting crash could cause serious injury. Check all tires frequently to maintain the recommended pressure. Tire pressure should be checked when the tires are cold.

. Overinflated tires are more likely to be cut, punctured, or broken by a sudden impact — such as when hitting a pothole. Keep tires at the recommended pressure.

. Worn or old tires can cause a crash. If the tread is badly worn, replace them.

(Continued)

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Warning (Continued)

. Replace any tires that

have been damaged by impacts with potholes, curbs, etc. Improperly repaired tires can cause a crash. Only the dealer or an authorized tire service center should repair, replace, dismount, and mount the tires.

. Do not spin the tires in

excess of 56 km/h (35 mph) on slippery surfaces such as snow, mud, ice, etc. Excessive spinning may cause the tires to explode.

All-Season Tires This vehicle may come with all-season tires. These tires are designed to provide good overall performance on most road surfaces

and weather conditions. Original equipment tires designed to GM's specific tire performance criteria have a TPC specification code molded onto the sidewall. Original equipment all-season tires can be identified by the last two characters of this TPC code, which will be “MS.” Consider installing winter tires on the vehicle if frequent driving on snow or ice-covered roads is expected. All-season tires provide adequate performance for most winter driving conditions, but they may not offer the same level of traction or performance as winter tires on snow or ice-covered roads. See Winter Tires 0 230.

Winter Tires This vehicle was not originally equipped with winter tires. Winter tires are designed for increased traction on snow and ice-covered roads. Consider installing winter tires on the vehicle if frequent driving on ice or snow covered roads is expected. See your dealer

for details regarding winter tire availability and proper tire selection. Also, see Buying New Tires 0 243. With winter tires, there may be decreased dry road traction, increased road noise, and shorter tread life. After changing to winter tires, be alert for changes in vehicle handling and braking. If using winter tires: . Use tires of the same brand and

tread type on all four wheel positions.

. Use only radial ply tires of the

same size, load range, and speed rating as the original equipment tires.

Winter tires with the same speed rating as the original equipment tires may not be available for H, V, W, Y, and ZR speed rated tires. If winter tires with a lower speed rating are chosen, never exceed the tire's maximum speed capability.

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Caution (Continued)

use. If the tires have been subjected to −7 °C (20 °F) or less, let them warm up in a heated space to at least 5 °C (40 °F) for 24 hours or more before being installed or driving a vehicle on which they are installed. Do not apply heat or blow heated air directly on the tires. Always inspect tires before use. See Tire Inspection 0 241.

Tire Sidewall Labeling Useful information about a tire is molded into its sidewall. The examples show a typical passenger vehicle tire and a compact spare tire sidewall.

Summer Tires This vehicle may come with high performance summer tires. These tires have a special tread and compound that are optimized for maximum dry and wet road performance. This special tread and compound will have decreased performance in cold climates, and on ice and snow. It is recommended that winter tires be installed on the vehicle if frequent driving at temperatures below approximately 5 °C (40 °F) or on ice or snow covered roads is expected. See Winter Tires 0 230.

Caution

High performance summer tires have rubber compounds that lose flexibility and may develop surface cracks in the tread area at temperatures below −7 °C (20 ° F). Always store high performance summer tires indoors and at temperatures above −7 °C (20 °F) when not in

(Continued)

Passenger (P-Metric) Tire Example (1) Tire Size : The tire size is a combination of letters and numbers used to define a particular tire's width, height, aspect ratio, construction type, and service description. See the “Tire Size” illustration later in this section. (2) TPC Spec (Tire Performance Criteria Specification) : Original equipment tires designed to GM's specific tire performance criteria have a TPC specification code molded onto the sidewall.

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Vehicle Care

GM's TPC specifications meet or exceed all federal safety guidelines. (3) DOT (Department of Transportation) : The Department of Transportation (DOT) code indicates that the tire is in compliance with the U.S. Department of Transportation Motor Vehicle Safety Standards. DOT Tire Date of Manufacture : The last four digits of the TIN indicate the tire manufactured date. The first two digits represent the week (01– 52) and the last two digits, the year. For example, the third week of the year 2010 would have a four-digit DOT date of 0310. (4) Tire Identification Number (TIN) : The letters and numbers following the DOT (Department of Transportation) code are the Tire Identification Number (TIN). The TIN shows the

manufacturer and plant code, tire size, and date the tire was manufactured. The TIN is molded onto both sides of the tire, although only one side may have the date of manufacture. (5) Tire Ply Material : The type of cord and number of plies in the sidewall and under the tread. (6) Uniform Tire Quality Grading (UTQG) : Tire manufacturers are required to grade tires based on three performance factors: treadwear, traction, and temperature resistance. For more information see Uniform Tire Quality Grading 0 245. (7) Maximum Cold Inflation Load Limit : Maximum load that can be carried and the maximum pressure needed to support that load.

Compact Spare Tire Example (1) Tire Ply Material : The type of cord and number of plies in the sidewall and under the tread. (2) Temporary Use Only : The compact spare tire or temporary use tire should not be driven at speeds over 80 km/h (50 mph). The compact spare tire is for emergency use when a regular road tire has lost air and gone flat. If the vehicle has a compact spare tire, see Compact Spare Tire 0 255 and If a Tire Goes Flat 0 248.

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construction type, and service description. The letter T as the first character in the tire size means the tire is for temporary use only. (7) TPC Spec (Tire Performance Criteria Specification) : Original equipment tires designed to GM's specific tire performance criteria have a TPC specification code molded onto the sidewall. GM's TPC specifications meet or exceed all federal safety guidelines.

Tire Designations

Tire Size The following is an example of a typical passenger vehicle tire size.

(3) Tire Identification Number (TIN) : The letters and numbers following the DOT (Department of Transportation) code are the Tire Identification Number (TIN). The TIN shows the manufacturer and plant code, tire size, and date the tire was manufactured. The TIN is molded onto both sides of the tire, although only one side may have the date of manufacture. (4) Maximum Cold Inflation Load Limit : Maximum load that can be carried and the maximum pressure needed to support that load. (5) Tire Inflation : The temporary use tire or compact spare tire should be inflated to 420 kPa (60 psi). For more information on tire pressure and inflation see Tire Pressure 0 236. (6) Tire Size : A combination of letters and numbers define a tire's width, height, aspect ratio,

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(1) Passenger (P-Metric) Tire : The United States version of a metric tire sizing system. The letter P as the first character in the tire size means a passenger vehicle tire engineered to standards set by the U.S. Tire and Rim Association. (2) Tire Width : The three-digit number indicates the tire section width in millimeters from sidewall to sidewall. (3) Aspect Ratio : A two-digit number that indicates the tire height-to-width measurements. For example, if the tire size aspect ratio is 60, as shown in item 3 of the illustration, it would mean that the tire's sidewall is 60 percent as high as it is wide.

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(4) Construction Code : A letter code is used to indicate the type of ply construction in the tire. The letter R means radial ply construction; the letter D means diagonal or bias ply construction; and the letter B means belted-bias ply construction. (5) Rim Diameter : Diameter of the wheel in inches. (6) Service Description : These characters represent the load index and speed rating of the tire. The load index represents the load carrying capacity a tire is certified to carry. The speed rating is the maximum speed a tire is certified to carry a load.

Tire Terminology and Definitions Air Pressure : The amount of air inside the tire pressing outward on each square inch of

the tire. Air pressure is expressed in kPa (kilopascal) or psi (pounds per square inch). Accessory Weight : The combined weight of optional accessories. Some examples of optional accessories are automatic transmission, power windows, power seats, and air conditioning. Aspect Ratio : The relationship of a tire's height to its width. Belt : A rubber coated layer of cords between the plies and the tread. Cords may be made from steel or other reinforcing materials. Bead : The tire bead contains steel wires wrapped by steel cords that hold the tire onto the rim. Bias Ply Tire : A pneumatic tire in which the plies are laid at alternate angles less than 90 degrees to the centerline of the tread.

Cold Tire Pressure : The amount of air pressure in a tire, measured in kPa (kilopascal) or psi (pounds per square inch) before a tire has built up heat from driving. See Tire Pressure 0 236. Curb Weight : The weight of a motor vehicle with standard and optional equipment including the maximum capacity of fuel, oil, and coolant, but without passengers and cargo. DOT Markings : A code molded into the sidewall of a tire signifying that the tire is in compliance with the U.S. Department of Transportation (DOT) Motor Vehicle Safety Standards. The DOT code includes the Tire Identification Number (TIN), an alphanumeric designator which can also identify the tire manufacturer, production plant, brand, and date of production.

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GVWR : Gross Vehicle Weight Rating. See Vehicle Load Limits 0 154. GAWR FRT : Gross Axle Weight Rating for the front axle. See Vehicle Load Limits 0 154. GAWR RR : Gross Axle Weight Rating for the rear axle. See Vehicle Load Limits 0 154. Intended Outboard Sidewall : The side of an asymmetrical tire that must always face outward when mounted on a vehicle. Kilopascal (kPa) : The metric unit for air pressure. Light Truck (LT-Metric) Tire : A tire used on light duty trucks and some multipurpose passenger vehicles. Load Index : An assigned number ranging from 1 to 279
that corresponds to the load carrying capacity of a tire.

Maximum Inflation Pressure : The maximum air pressure to which a cold tire can be inflated. The maximum air pressure is molded onto the sidewall. Maximum Load Rating : The load rating for a tire at the maximum permissible inflation pressure for that tire. Maximum Loaded Vehicle Weight : The sum of curb weight, accessory weight, vehicle capacity weight, and production options weight. Normal Occupant Weight : The number of occupants a vehicle is designed to seat multiplied by 68 kg (150 lb). See Vehicle Load Limits 0 154. Occupant Distribution : Designated seating positions. Outward Facing Sidewall : The side of an asymmetrical tire that has a particular side that faces outward when mounted on a vehicle. The side of the tire that

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contains a whitewall, bears white lettering, or bears manufacturer, brand, and/or model name molding that is higher or deeper than the same moldings on the other sidewall of the tire. Passenger (P-Metric) Tire : A tire used on passenger cars and some light duty trucks and multipurpose vehicles. Recommended Inflation Pressure : Vehicle manufacturer's recommended tire inflation pressure as shown on the tire placard. See Tire Pressure 0 236 and Vehicle Load Limits 0 154. Radial Ply Tire : A pneumatic tire in which the ply cords that extend to the beads are laid at 90 degrees to the centerline of the tread. Rim : A metal support for a tire and upon which the tire beads are seated.

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Sidewall : The portion of a tire between the tread and the bead. Speed Rating : An alphanumeric code assigned to a tire indicating the maximum speed at which a tire can operate. Traction : The friction between the tire and the road surface. The amount of grip provided. Tread : The portion of a tire that comes into contact with the road. Treadwear Indicators : Narrow bands, sometimes called wear bars, that show across the tread of a tire when only 1.6 mm (1/ 16 in) of tread remains. See When It Is Time for New Tires 0 243. UTQGS (Uniform Tire Quality Grading Standards) : A tire information system that provides consumers with ratings for a tire's traction, temperature, and treadwear. Ratings are

determined by tire manufacturers using government testing procedures. The ratings are molded into the sidewall of the tire. See Uniform Tire Quality Grading 0 245. Vehicle Capacity Weight : The number of designated seating positions multiplied by 68 kg (150 lb) plus the rated cargo load. See Vehicle Load Limits 0 154. Vehicle Maximum Load on the Tire : Load on an individual tire due to curb weight, accessory weight, occupant weight, and cargo weight. Vehicle Placard : A label permanently attached to a vehicle showing the vehicle capacity weight and the original equipment tire size and recommended inflation pressure. See “Tire and Loading Information Label” under Vehicle Load Limits 0 154.

Tire Pressure Tires need the correct amount of air pressure to operate effectively.

Caution

Neither tire underinflation nor overinflation is good. Underinflated tires, or tires that do not have enough air, can result in:

. Tire overloading and

overheating which could lead to a blowout.

. Premature or irregular wear. . Poor handling. . Reduced fuel economy. Overinflated tires, or tires that have too much air, can result in:

. Unusual wear.

(Continued)

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Caution (Continued)

. Poor handling. . Rough ride. . Needless damage from

road hazards.

The Tire and Loading Information label on the vehicle indicates the original equipment tires and the correct cold tire inflation pressures. The recommended pressure is the minimum air pressure needed to support the vehicle's maximum load carrying capacity. See Vehicle Load Limits 0 154. How the vehicle is loaded affects vehicle handling and ride comfort. Never load the vehicle with more weight than it was designed to carry.

When to Check Check the tires once a month or more. Do not forget the compact spare, if the vehicle has one. The cold compact spare tire pressure should be at 420 kPa (60 psi). See Compact Spare Tire 0 255.

How to Check Use a good quality pocket-type gauge to check tire pressure. Proper tire inflation cannot be determined by looking at the tire. Check the tire inflation pressure when the tires are cold, meaning the vehicle has not been driven for at least three hours or no more than 1.6 km (1 mi). Remove the valve cap from the tire valve stem. Press the tire gauge firmly onto the valve to get a pressure measurement. If the cold tire inflation pressure matches the recommended pressure on the Tire and Loading Information label, no

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further adjustment is necessary. If the inflation pressure is low, add air until the recommended pressure is reached. If the inflation pressure is high, press on the metal stem in the center of the tire valve to release air. Recheck the tire pressure with the tire gauge. Put the valve caps back on the valve stems to keep out dirt and moisture and prevent leaks. Use only valve caps designed for the vehicle by GM. TPMS sensors could be damaged and would not be covered by the vehicle warranty.

Tire Pressure Monitor System The Tire Pressure Monitor System (TPMS) uses radio and sensor technology to check tire pressure levels. The TPMS sensors monitor the air pressure in your tires and transmit tire pressure readings to a receiver located in the vehicle.

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Each tire, including the spare (if provided), should be checked monthly when cold and inflated to the inflation pressure recommended by the vehicle manufacturer on the vehicle placard or tire inflation pressure label. (If your vehicle has tires of a different size than the size indicated on the vehicle placard or tire inflation pressure label, you should determine the proper tire inflation pressure for those tires.) As an added safety feature, your vehicle has been equipped with a tire pressure monitoring system (TPMS) that illuminates a low tire pressure telltale when one or more of your tires is significantly under-inflated. Accordingly, when the low tire pressure telltale illuminates, you should stop and check your tires as soon as possible, and inflate them to the proper pressure. Driving on a significantly under-inflated tire causes the tire to overheat and can lead to tire failure. Under-inflation also reduces fuel efficiency and tire

tread life, and may affect the vehicle's handling and stopping ability. Please note that the TPMS is not a substitute for proper tire maintenance, and it is the driver's responsibility to maintain correct tire pressure, even if under-inflation has not reached the level to trigger illumination of the TPMS low tire pressure telltale. Your vehicle has also been equipped with a TPMS malfunction indicator to indicate when the system is not operating properly. The TPMS malfunction indicator is combined with the low tire pressure telltale. When the system detects a malfunction, the telltale will flash for approximately one minute and then remain continuously illuminated. This sequence will continue upon subsequent vehicle start-ups as long as the malfunction exists. When the malfunction indicator is illuminated, the system may not be able to detect or signal low tire pressure as intended. TPMS malfunctions may occur for a variety

of reasons, including the installation of replacement or alternate tires or wheels on the vehicle that prevent the TPMS from functioning properly. Always check the TPMS malfunction telltale after replacing one or more tires or wheels on your vehicle to ensure that the replacement or alternate tires and wheels allow the TPMS to continue to function properly. See Tire Pressure Monitor Operation 0 238. See Radio Frequency Statement 0 298.

Tire Pressure Monitor Operation This vehicle may have a Tire Pressure Monitor System (TPMS). The TPMS is designed to warn the driver when a low tire pressure condition exists. TPMS sensors are mounted onto each tire and wheel assembly, excluding the spare tire and wheel assembly. The TPMS sensors monitor the air pressure in

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the tires and transmits the tire pressure readings to a receiver located in the vehicle.

When a low tire pressure condition is detected, the TPMS illuminates the low tire pressure warning light located on the instrument cluster. If the warning light comes on, stop as soon as possible and inflate the tires to the recommended pressure shown on the tire loading information label. See Vehicle Load Limits 0 154. A message to check the pressure in a specific tire displays in the Driver Information Center (DIC). The low tire pressure warning light and the DIC warning message come on at each ignition cycle until the tires are inflated to the correct inflation pressure. Using the DIC, tire pressure levels can be viewed. For additional information and details

about the DIC operation and displays see Driver Information Center (DIC) 0 110. The low tire pressure warning light may come on in cool weather when the vehicle is first started, and then turn off as the vehicle is driven. This could be an early indicator that the air pressure is getting low and needs to be inflated to the proper pressure. A Tire and Loading Information label shows the size of the original equipment tires and the correct inflation pressure for the tires when they are cold. See Vehicle Load Limits 0 154, for an example of the Tire and Loading Information label and its location. Also see Tire Pressure 0 236. The TPMS can warn about a low tire pressure condition but it does not replace normal tire maintenance. See Tire Inspection 0 241, Tire Rotation 0 242 and Tires 0 229.

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Caution

Tire sealant materials are not all the same. A non-approved tire sealant could damage the TPMS sensors. TPMS sensor damage caused by using an incorrect tire sealant is not covered by the vehicle warranty. Always use only the GM approved tire sealant available through your dealer or included in the vehicle.

TPMS Malfunction Light and Message The TPMS will not function properly if one or more of the TPMS sensors are missing or inoperable. When the system detects a malfunction, the low tire pressure warning light flashes for about one minute and then stays on for the remainder of the ignition cycle. A DIC warning message also displays. The low tire pressure warning light and DIC warning message come on at each ignition cycle until the problem is

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corrected. Some of the conditions that can cause these to come on are: . One of the road tires has been

replaced with the spare tire. The spare tire does not have a TPMS sensor. The malfunction light and DIC message should go off after the road tire is replaced and the sensor matching process is performed successfully. See "TPMS Sensor Matching Process" later in this section.

. The TPMS sensor matching process was not done or not completed successfully after rotating the tires. The malfunction light and the DIC message should go off after successfully completing the sensor matching process. See "TPMS Sensor Matching Process" later in this section

. One or more TPMS sensors are

missing or damaged. The DIC message and the TPMS malfunction light should go off when the TPMS sensors are

installed and the sensor matching process is performed successfully. See your dealer for service.

. Replacement tires or wheels do not match the original equipment tires or wheels. Tires and wheels other than those recommended could prevent the TPMS from functioning properly. See Buying New Tires 0 243.

. Operating electronic devices or being near facilities using radio wave frequencies similar to the TPMS could cause the TPMS sensors to malfunction.

If the TPMS is not functioning properly, it cannot detect or signal a low tire condition. See your dealer for service if the TPMS malfunction light and DIC message comes on and stays on. TPMS Sensor Matching Process Each TPMS sensor has a unique identification code. The identification code needs to be matched to a new tire/wheel position after rotating the

tires or replacing one or more of the TPMS sensors. The TPMS sensor matching process should also be performed after replacing a spare tire with a road tire containing the TPMS sensor. The malfunction light and the DIC message should go off at the next ignition cycle. The sensors are matched to the tire/ wheel positions, using a TPMS relearn tool, in the following order: driver side front tire, passenger side front tire, passenger side rear tire, and driver side rear. See your dealer for service or to purchase a relearn tool. A TPMS relearn tool can also be purchased. See Tire Pressure Monitor Sensor Activation Tool at www.gmtoolsandequipment.com or call 1-800-GM TOOLS (1-800-468-6657). There are two minutes to match the first tire/wheel position, and five minutes overall to match all four tire/wheel positions. If it takes longer, the matching process stops and must be restarted.

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The TPMS sensor matching process is: 1. Set the parking brake. 2. Turn the ignition to ON/RUN

with the engine off.

3. Use the MENU button to select

the Vehicle Information Menu in the Driver Information Center (DIC). Use the arrow keys to scroll to the Tire Pressure screen.

4. Press the SET/CLR button to

begin the sensor matching process. A message requesting acceptance of the process should display.

5. Press the SET/CLR button

again to confirm the selection. The horn sounds twice to signal the receiver is in relearn mode and the TIRE LEARNING ACTIVE message displays on the DIC screen.

6. Start with the driver side

front tire.

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