1997 Cadillac Seville Owners Manual

in which you’re steering. This stability enhancement system activates when the computer senses that your Cadillac is just starting to spin, as it might if you hit a patch of ice or other slippery spot on the road. When the system is on, you may hear a noise or feel a vibration in the brake pedal. This is normal. When the STABILITY ENGAGED message is on, you should continue to steer in the direction you want to go. The system is designed to help you in bad weather or other difficult driving situations by making the most of whatever road conditions will permit. If the STABILITY ENGAGED message comes on, you’ll know that something has caused your Cadillac to start to spin, so you should consider slowing down.

STABILITY REDUCED - 54: If you ever see the

STABILITY REDUCED message, it means there may be a problem with your stability enhancement system. If you see this message, try to reset the system (stop; turn off the engine; then start the engine again). If the STABILITY REDUCED message still comes on, however, it means there is a problem, so you should see your Cadillac dealer for service. STARTING DISABLED DUE TO THEFT SYSTEM

REMOVE IGNITION KEY - 33: This message will

appear when the Personalized Automotive Security System (PASS-Key 11) senses that an improper ignition key is being used to try to start the vehicle. Check the ignition key for damage. If it is damaged, it may need to be replaced. If you see no damage, clean the pellet contacts with a soft cloth or napkin. Remove the ignition key and wait for the DTC to display WAIT 3 MINUTES. The instrument panel cluster will then run a timer and change the messages to WAIT 2 MINUTES, WAIT 1 MINUTE and then START CAR. When the START CAR message is displayed, try again to start the engine. STOP ENGINE ENGINE OVERHEATED - 42: This message will appear when the engine has overheated. Stop and turn the engine off immediately to avoid severe engine damage. See “Engine Overheating” in the Index. A multiple chime will also sound when this message is displayed.

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STOP ENGINE LOW OIL PRESSURE - 35: If this

message appears while the engine is running, stop the engine and do !lot operate it until the cause of low oil pressure is corrected. Severe damage to the engine can result. A nlultiple chime will also sound when this message is displayed. RESTART - 34: This message means there is a problem THEFT SYSTEM YROBLEWCAR MAY NOT in the Personalized Automotive Security System (PASS-Key 11). A fault has been detected in the system which means thzt the PASS-Key I1 system is disabled and is not protecring the vehicle. The vehicle usually restarts. however, you may want to take your vehicle to a proper service center before turning off the engine.

TOP SPEED FUEL CUT-OFF - 111: This message

will appear when the PCM senses that the maximum speed for your Cadillac has been reached. The speed of your vehicle will decrease several mph as the fuel supply is cutoff. This allows your vehicle to stay in a stable operating range. TRACTION ENGAGED - 91: When your traction control system is limiting wheel spin, the TRACTION ENGAGED message will be displayed. Slippery road conditions may exist if this message is displayed, so adjust your driving accordingly. This message. will stay on for a few seconds after the traction control system stops limiting wheel spin.

TRACTION OFF - 89: This message will be displayed after the traction control has been turned off. TRACTION READY - 91: This message informs the

driver that the traction control system is available. This occurs when the traction d o f f button in the glove box has been returned to an on position (pressing the button once turns the traction control system off pressing the button again turns the system back on). This message also self cancels after five seconds.

TRACTION SUSPENDED - 56: This message

displays when the traction control system has been temporarily shut off because your vehicle’s brakes have overheated. This message does not indicate a problem with your vehicle’s traction control system. After a few minutes, the traction control system will be available again and the TRACTION READY message will appear. TRANS FLUID RESET - 48: With the engine not running and the ignition on, press and hold the OFF and rear defog buttons until the TRANS FLUID RESET message appears on the DIC (between five and 20 seconds). TRANSMISSION HOT .. 112: This messages indicates that the transaxle fluid in your vehicle is too hot. Stop and allow your vehicle to idle until it cools down or until this message is removed.

TRUNK OPEN - 24: This message indicates that the trunk is open when the ignition is in RUN. TURN SIGNAL ON - 20: This message is a reminder,

after driving about a mile, that you have the turn signal on. A multiple chime will also sound when this message is displayed. (KM/H) - 113: A failure in the suspension control VEHICLE SPEED LIh'IITED TO XXX MPH system has occurred when this message appears. The PCM determines the speed your vehicle is limited to. Have your Cadillac serviced if this message appears. OFF - 12: This message means that the air conditioning VERY LOW REFRIGERANT A/C COMPRESSOR system detects a refrigerant level that is low enough to cause damage to the air conditioning compressor. To avoid damage. the air conditioning compressor automatically turns off and the Electronic Climate Control will automatically switch from AUTO to ECON and remain there. Have the air conditioning system serviced if this message appears.

The CV-RTD automatically adjusts the ride of your vehicle. Automatic ride control is achieved through a computer used to control and monitor the suspension system. The controller receives inputs from various sensors to determine the proper system response. If the controller detects a problem within the system, the DIC will display a SERVICE RIDE CONTROL message. If this message appears, have your vehicle serviced at your Cadillac dealership.

The DIC may display a CHECK OIL LEVEL message. Always keep a written record of the mileage and date when you changed your oil. For more information. see the Cadillac Maintenance Schedule booklet. If you see CHECK OIL LEVEL, it means that you have less than 10 percent of the oil life left and you should consider changing your engine oil. If you see CHANGE ENGINE OIL. it means the oil life is gone and you should change the oil right away. The system should indicate changing the oil between 3,000 miles ( 5 000 km) and 7,500 miles (12 SO0 km). It may indicate changing the oil before 3.000 miles (5 000 lunj depending on your driving habits. If the vehicle has been driven 7,500 miles (1 2 500 krn), it will indicate to change the oil. If drive in a dusty area. you should change your oil every 3,000 miles (5 000 km) or three months (whichever comes first) unless the display indicates changing it sooner. The system doesn't check im!~ ~?zuc/? oil you have. so you'll still have to check for that. To see how, see "Engine Oil" in the Index. When new oil is added, you'll need to reset the system. To reset. display the Oil. Life Indicator by pressing the INFORMATION (INFO) button. Then press and hold the RESET (INFO RESET) button until the display shows 100% OIL LIFE LEFT.

you

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This feature lets you know when to change the engine oil. It's based on the engine oil temperatures and your driving patterns. To see the display, press the INFORMATION (INFO) button several times until XX OIL LIFE LEFT appears. If you see 99% OIL LIFE LEFT, 99 percent of your current oil life remains.

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In this section, you'll find out how to operate the comfort control and audio systems offctd with our Cdiilac. Be sure to read about the particular systems supplied with your vehicle.

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Comfort Controls Climate Control Panel Electronic Solar Sensor Air Conditioning Heating Ventilation System Defrosting Rear Window Defogger HVAC Steering Wheel Controls Climate Control Personalization Audio Systems Setting the Clock AM-FM Stereo with Cassette Tape Player and Optional Compact Disc Player

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3-2 1 3-25 3-25 3-25 3-26 3-26 3-27 3-28 3-28

Bose'" AM-Fh;? Stcrco v:ith C''l3hctte Tape and Compact Disc P l a y - Boss T"' AM-FM Stereo w i t h C'wctte TT'ape and Compact Disc Pl;~yc.~- with Digital Signal Processing Trunk Mounted CD Changer Radio Personalization Theft-Deterrent Feature Audio Steering Wheel Controls Understanding Radio Reception Tips About Your Audio System Care of Your Cassette Tape Player Care of Your Compact Discs Power Antenna Mast Care

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This section tells you how to make your air system work for you. Your Electronic Climate Control (ECC) system uses ozone-friendly R- 134a refrigerant. With the ECC system. you can control the heating, cooling and ventilation in your Cadillac. Your vehicle also has a flow-through ventilation system described later in this section.

The button with the fan symbol adjusts the fan speed. Press the up arrow to increase fan speed and the down arrow to decrease fan speed.

The TEMPIAUTO knob adjusts the air temperature coming through the system. Turn the TEMP/AUTO knob clockwise to increase the temperature and counterclockwise to decrease the temperature. Press the TEMWAUTO knob to put the system in the automatic mode.

With this dual-zone feature, the right front passenger can control the temperature of air for hidher own zone. The passenger can select a four degree warmer or cooler temperature from the driver's setting. To turn the system on, press the PASSTEMP button. Press the up arrow to increase the temperature and press the down arrow to decrease the climate setting. Pressing the OFF button will turn off the dual-zone function.

The outside temperature is always displayed when your vehicle is running. You can change it from Fahrenheit to Celsius by pressing the INFO button (above the radio) until ENGLISHMETRIC RESET displays. Once displayed, press the INFO RESET button to select. The outside temperature sensor is located near the front grille. The sensor can be affected by road or engine heat during idling. slow driving or when the engine 1s first started after a short trip. In order to ensure proper automatic climate control operation, the outside air temperature display may not update as quickly as expected. This is to allow the air surrounding the outside temperature sensor to be as close to the actual outside conditions as possible. This is determined by how much time has elapsed since the vehicle has been turned off and by vehicle speed.

Press this button to deliver air through the floor, middle or windshield outlets. The system will stay in the selected mode until the MODE button is pushed again. Press the up or clown arrow to cycle through the available modes.

Aud:a,xmtt:ic~ d)pc1-ai:iornjr When the system is set for automatic operation, sensors will control the air delivery mode. Air will come from the floor, middle or windshield outlets. The fan speed will vary as the system maintains the selected temperature setting. Be careful not to put anything over the solar sensor located in the middle of the instrument panel near the windshield. This sensor is used by the automatic system to regulate temperature.

To-find your comfort zone, start with the 75°F (24°C) setting and allow about 20 minutes for the system to regulate. Turn the TEMP/AUTO knob to adjust the temperature if necessary. If you choose 60°F ( 1 6"C), the system will remain at that maximum cooling setting and will not regulate fan speed. If you choose the temperature of 90°F (32'C), the system will remain at that maximum heating setting and will not regulate fan speed. Choosing either maximum setting will not cause the system to heat or cool any faster. With the: automatic setting, the air conditioning compressor automatically cycles when needed to cool the air. In cold weather, when the system senses the need for heat, the airflow will be directed out the floor outlets. As the interior temperature approaches a desired setting, the blower speed will decrease. To maintain interior comfort, the airflow may move to the instrument panel air outlets and floor outlets (bi-level mode). On bright sunny days in cold weather. the airflow may come out of the air conditioning outlets (AC mode) to maintain comfort and prevent stuffiness.

If your vehicle is sitting out on a hot day and you have it set on AUTO, the air will first flow out the floor air outlets for a few seconds. That is normal. This is to expel hot air from the air outlets. As the air is cooled, the airflow will move through the air conditioning outlets. If you start your vehicle with the fan setting on HI, it will skip the air conditioning purge. To avoid blowing cold air in cold weather, the system will delay turning on the fan until warm air is available. The length of delay depends on the outside air temperature, engine coolant temperature or the time since the engine was last started. As the coolant warms up, the blower fan speed will gradually increase and air will flow from the heater outlets, with some airflow to the windshield to prevent fogging under most normal conditions. If you leave your vehicle, the system will remember the control setting the next time you start your engine, except for recirculation and defrost. Each ignition cycle cancels recirculation, whereas, DEFROST will change to automatic operation when the ignition is shut off and then turned back on.

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You may manually adjust the air delivery mode or fan speed. A * fl AC: This setting directs airflow through the middle instrument panel outlets.

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BI-LEVEL: This setting directs air into your vehicle in two ways. Cool air is directed to the upper portion of your body through the four instrument panel outlets while warmed air is directed to the floor. we 'H HEATER/DEFROST: This setting directs air to the floor outlets and toward the windshield.

HEATER: This setting directs warmed air

through the floor outlets. Some warm air is diverted t o the windshield to minimize fogging.

DEFROST Press this button to quickly remove

fog or frost from the windshield. This setting sends most of the airflow to the windshield with only a small amount to the floor outlets.

3f FAN SPEEDS: Press the button with the fan symbol on it until AUTO is displayed on the screen. At this setting. the Fdn speed is autonratically controlled. If it is cold outside. the blower may not run in the maximum high fan speed right away. The system checks the temperature of the engine coolant to assure it is warm enough to provide heat. When the engine coolant is warrn, the controller allows the fan to gradually increase to a higher speed. This prevznts cold air from blowing into the passenger compartment. If you want the blower fdn at a high speed, press the up arl-ujw button until you see €31 on the display. If you want the fan speed to be automatic, but you Iike the fan speed to be higher than the AUTO setting, press the fan symbol button until HI AUTO is shown on the display. If you 'want the blower Fan at a low speed, press the down mow button until LO is shown on the display. If you want the fan speed to mn lower than the AUTO setting, press the button until L,O AUTO is shown on the display. OFF: Press this button to turn the system off. Fresh air will continue to flow through the vehicle, and the system will try to maintain the previously set temperature. The outside temperature will show on the display when the system is OFF.

AC: Press this button to turn the air conditioning on and off. The system will cool and dehumidify the air inside the vehicle. In the AUTO mode, the display will show that AC is active, but the air conditioning compressor only operates when the system determines it is needed. RECIRCULATION: Press this button to limit the

amount of fresh air entering your vehicle. This is helpful when you are trying to cool the air quickly or limit odors entering your vehicle. In the AUTO mode, the system will use recirculation as necessary to cool the air. Pressing the recirculation button will change the operation to a manual mode and the air will recirculate non-stop. Press this button again to turn off the recirculation feature. If you notice the windows fogging, press the recirculation button to exit the recirculation mode.

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The sensor monitors the sun’s solar radiation and is located on top of the instrument panel near the windshield. The ECC system uses this information to automatically make the necessary temperature and airflow adjustments to maintain your comfort.

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On hot days, open the windows long enough to let hot inside air escape. This reduces the time it takes for your vehicle to cool down. Then keep your windows closed for the air conditioner to work its best. Press the AC button or the TEMP/AUTO knob to turn the system on and then select the proper MODE to direct airflow. The system will cool and dehumidify the air inside the vehicle. Also while in the AUTO mode, the system will use recirculation as necessary to cool the air. You may also need to adjust the interior temperature and the fan speed as needed. When the air conditioner is on, you may sometimes notice slight changes in your vehicle's engine speed and power. This is normal because the system is designed to cycle the compressor on and off to keep the desired temperature. I3 e 8 i: i f'i g, Press the MODE button to select heater. Adjust the interior temperature to a comfortable level and if the fan speed needs adjusting, press the up or down arrow. With each system, outside air will be brought in and sent through the floor, air conditioning or bi-level outlets (depending on the condition). The heater works best if you keep your windows closed while using it.

Your Cadillac's flow-through ventilation system supplies outside air into the vehicle when it is moving. Outside air will also enter the vehicle when the heater or the air conditioning fan is running.

The front outlets are located in the center and at each side of the instrument panel. You can adjust the direction of airflow by moving the center control levers or you can stop the airflow by moving the lever located on each side of the outlets downward.

The direction of airflow for the rear seats can also be adjusted if you have the optional full console. Move the fan lever to- adjust the blower spe.ed from LQ to HI. Move the vent lever to direct the airflow.

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Tips

0 Keep the hood and front air inlet free of ice, snow or

any other obstruction (such as leaves). The heater and defroster will work far better, reducing the chance of fogging the inside of the windows. When you enter a vehicle in cold weather, adjust the fan to the highest speed for a few moments before driving off. This helps clear the intake outlets of snow and moisture. and reduces the chance of fogging the inside of the windows. Keep the air path under the front seats clear of objects. This helps circulate air throughout your vehicle.

Use DEFROST to remove fog or ice from the windshield quickly in extremely humid or cold conditions. Press the DEFROST button. If you select DEFROST, adjust the fan speed by pressing the fan button up or down. If you select DEFROST from AUTO, the system will control the fan speed. The temperature also needs to be adjusted by turning the TEMP/AUTO knob. Note that recirculation is not available in the defrost or defog modes.

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The lines you see on the rear window warm the glass. Press this button to turn on the rear defogger. With it, the rear window and both outside rearview mirrors are heated.

Some heating and cooling controls can be adjusted at the steering wheel. Other touch controls operate some audio controls. See "Audio Steering Wheel Controls" later in this section.

The system will automatically shut off after 10 minutes. If further defogging is desired, press the button again. Do not attach a temporary vehicle license, tape or decals across the defogger g d on the rear window.

I NOTICE:

Scraping the inside of your rear window could cut and damage the heating grids. Your warranty would not cover this damage. And don't put decals there; you might have to scrape them off.

% FAN SPEED: Press the up anow lever to increase the fan speed and the down arrow lever to decrease f i n speed. TEMP: Press the up arrow lever to increase the temperature and the down arrow lever to decrease temperature.

With this feature, your vehicle will recall the latest climate control settings as adjusted the last time your vehicle was operated. Thjs feature. allows two different drivers to store and recall their own climate control settings. The settings recalled by the climate control system are determined by which RKE transmitter (“1” or “2“) was used to enter the vehicle. The number on the back of the RKE transmitter corresponds to driver 1 or to driver 2. After the unlock button is pressed on the RKE transmitter or the ignition key is placed in the ignition, the climate control settings will automatically adjust to where they were last set. The settings can also be changed by briefly pressing the memory seat buttons 1 or 2 located on the driver’s door.

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Your Cadillac audio system has been designed to operate easily and give years of listening pleasure. You will get the most enjoyment out of it if you acquaint yourself with it first. Find out what your audio system can do and how to operate all its controls, to be sure you’re getting the most out of the advanced engineering that went into it.

Press and hold HR or MN until the time display begins to change. Release the button as you get close to the correct time. The time may be set anytime the clock is displayed. There is a two-second delay before the clock goes into time-set mode.

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For information on the compact disc player, see “Trunk Mounted GD Changer” later in this section.

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PWWVOL: Press this knob lightly to release it from its stored position. The system will turn on. Press the knob again to turn the system off. To increase volume, turn the knob clockwise. Turn it counterclockwise to decrease volume. The volume level will appear on the display. DSPL: Press this button to display the station being played.

BAND: Press this button to select AM. FM 1 or FM2 and preset stations. SEEK-TUNE: Press and release this button to seek to the next higher or lower radio station. Pressing and holding this button until a chime sounds puts the radio in a tune mode. In this mode, higher or lower radio stations are advanced to in small increments until the SEEK-TUNE button is released. Tuning stops when you release this button. If you press and hold the SEEK-TUNE button again within five seconds of being in the tune mode. tuning will continue. Waiting longer than five seconds places the radio back in the seek mode.

SCAN: Press this button and SCAN will appear on the display. Use SCAN to listen to stations for a few seconds. The radio will go to a station, stop for a few seconds, then go on to the next station. Press this button again to stop scanning. PUSHBUTTONS: The six numbered pushbuttons let you return to your favorite stations. You can set up to 18 stations (six AM, six FMl and six FM2). Just: 1 . Turn the radio on. 2. Press BAND to select AM, FM1 or FM2. 3. Tune in the desired station. 4. Press and hold one of the six numbered buttons until

you hear a chime. The sound will mute. When it returns, release the button. Whenever you press that numbered button. the station you set will return.

5. Repeat the steps for each pushbutton. PRESET SCAN: Press and hold SCAN for two to three seconds until PRESET SCAN appears on the display to listen to each of your preset stations for a few seconds (factory presets which have not been reprogrammed with your stations will be ignored). The radio will go to the first preset station stored on your pushbuttons, stop for a few seconds. then go on to the next preset station. Press SCAN again to stop scanning. If a preset station has weak reception, the radio will not stop at the preset station.

BASS: Press this knob lightly so it extends. Turn the knob clockwise to increase and counterclockwise to decrease bass. TREB: Press this knob lightly so it extends. Turn the knob Clockwise to increase and counterclockwise to decrease treble. If a station is weak or noisy, you may want to decrease the treble. Push these knobs back into their stored positions when you’re not using them.

BAL: Press this knob lightly so it extends. Turn the knob clockwise to adjust sound to the right speakers and counterclockwise for the left speakers. The middle position balances the sound between the speakers. FADE: Press this knob lightly so it extends. Turn the knob clockwise to adjust the sound to the front speakers and counterclockwise for the rear speakers. The middle position balances the sound between the speakers. Push these knobs back into their stored positions when you’re not using them.

With the radio on, insert a cassette tape. The tape will begin playing as soon as it is inserted. While the tape is playing, use the VOL, FADE, BAL, BASS and TREB controls just as you do for the radio. Other controls may have different functions when a tape is inserted. The display will show TAPE with an arrow to indicate which side of the tape is playing. PLAY will appear on the display temporarily when a tape is playing. The display will then revert back to showing the time. If an error occurs while trying to play a cassette tape, it could be that: 0 The cassette tape is tight and the cassette player

cannot turn the hubs of the tape. Hold the cassette tape with the open end down and try turning the right hub counterclockwise with a pencil. Flip the tape over and repeat. If the hubs do not turn easily, your cassette tape may be damaged and should not be used in the player. Try a new tape to be sure your player is working properly. The cassette tape is broken. (Check to see if your tape is broken. Try a new tape.)

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REV: Press the left arrow to reverse the tape rapidly. Press it again to return to playing speed. The radio will play while the tape reverses and REV will appear on the display. You may use your station pushbuttons to tune to another radio station while in REV mode. FF: Press the right a ~ o w to fast forward to another part of the tape. Press it again to return to playing speed. The radio will play while the tape advances and FF will appear on the display. You may use your station pushbuttons to tune to another radio station while in FF mode. SEEK-TUNE: Press the right arrow to seek to the next selection on the taps. Press the left arrow to search for the previous selection on the tape (REP will appear on the display). Your tape must have at least three seconds of silence between each selection for SEEK-TUNE to work. The sound will mute while seeking. SCAN: Press this button. SCAN FF will appear on the display until the next selection is found and then SCAN PLAY will appear on the display. Use SCAN to listen to selections for a few seconds. The tape will go to a selection, stop for a few seconds. then go on to the next selection. Press this button again to stop scanning. SIDE: Press this button to change the side of the tape that is playing. (PLAY shows on the display.)

SOURCE: Press this button to switch from radio to cassette tape play. If no cassette tape is in the tape player, CASS appears on the display and then the radio station appears briefly. The display then reverts back to showing the time of day. Press this button again or BAND to switch back to the radio. 4L EJECT Press the upward triangle button to remove a tape. The radio will play. Eject may be activated with the radio off. Cassette tapes may be loaded with the radio off but they will not start playing until the PWR button is pressed. Press PWR or turn the ignition key off to stop the cassette tape player. The tape will stay in the player and resume play at the point where it stopped. If you leave a cassette tape in the player while listening to the radio, it may become warm. CLN: If this message appears on the display. the cassette tape player needs to be cleaned. It will still play tapes, but you should clean it as soon as possible to prevent damage to the tapes and player. See “Care of Your Cassette Tdpe Player” in the Index. After you clean the player. press and hold EJECT for five seconds to reset the CLN indicator. The radio will display --- to show the indicator was reset. Dolby’“’ Noise Reduction is manufactured under a license from Dolby Laboratories Licensing Corporation. Dolby and the double-D symbol are trademarks of Dolby Laboratories Licensing Corporation.

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For information on the compact disc player, see “Trunk Mounted CD Changer” later in this section.

PWWOL: Press this knob lightly to release it from its stored position. The system will turn on. Press the knob again to turn the system off. To increase volume, turn the knob clockwise. Turn it counterclockwise to decrease volume. The volume level will appear on the display.

BAND: Press this button to select AM, F M 1 or FM2 and preset stations. SEEK-TUNE: Press and release this button to seek to the next higher or lower radio station. Pressing and holding this button until a chime sounds puts the radio in a tune mode. In this mode, higher or lower radio stations are advanced to in small increments until the SEEK-TUNE button is released. Tuning stops when you release this button. If you press and hold the SEEK-TUNE button again within five seconds o f ’ being in the tune mode, tuning will continue. Waiting longer than five seconds places the radio back in the seek mode. SCAN: Press this button and SCAN will appear on the display. Use SCAN to listen to stations for a few seconds. The radio will go to a station, stop for a few seconds, then go on to the next station. Press this button again to stop scanning. PUSHBUTTONS: The six numbered pushbuttons let you return to your favorite stations. You can set up to 18 stations (six AM, six FMl and six FM2). Just: 1. Turn the radio on. 2. Press BAND to select AM, FM1 or FM2. 3. Tune in the desired station.

4. Press and hold one of the six numbered buttons until

you hear a chime. A preset number will appear on the display. The sound will mute. When it returns, release the button. Whenever you press that numbered button, the station you set will return.

5. Repeat the steps for each pushbutton. PRESET SCAN: Press and hold SCAN for two to three seconds until PRESET SCAN appears on the display to listen to each of your preset stations for a few seconds (factory presets which have not been reprogrammed with your stations will be ignored). The radio will go to the first preset station stored on your pushbuttons, stop for a few seconds, then go on to the next preset station. Press SCAN again to stop scanning. If a preset station has weak reception, the radio will not stop at the preset station.

&&$ixxg; $-$kt: 'j.'$'Elfe. BASS: Press this knob lightly so it extends. Turn the knob clockwise to increase and counterclockwise to decrease bass. TREB: Press this knob lightly so it extends. Turn the knob clockwise to increase and counterclockwise to decrease treble. If a station is weak or noisy, you may want to decrease the treble. Push these knobs back into their stored positions when you're not using them.

BAL: Press this knob lightly so it extends. Turn the knob clockwise to adjust sound t o the right speakers and counterclockwise for the left speakers. The middle position balances the sound hctvieen thc speakers. FADE: Press this knob lightly so i t c'stt'ncis. Turn the knob clockwise to adjust the sound t o thc front speakers and counterclockwise for the rear spcakcr3. The middle position balances the sound httwcten thc spcrkers. Push these knobs back into their stored positions when you're not using them.

With the radio on,'insert a cassette tape. The tape will begin playing as soon as it is inserted. While the tape is playing, use the VOL, FADE. BAL, BASS and TREB controls just as you do for the radio. Other controls may have different functions when a tape is inserted. The display will show TAPE with an arrow to indicate which side of the tape is playing. PLAY will appear on the display temporarily when a tape is playing. The display will then revert back to showing the time.

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SEEK-TUNE: Press the right arrow to seek to the next selection on the tape. Press the left arrow to search for the previous selection on the tape (REP will appear on the display). Your tape must have at least three seconds of silence between each selection for SEEK-TUNE to work. The sound will mute while seeking. SCAN: Press this button. SCAN will appear on the display until the next selection is found and then PLAY will appear on the display. Use SCAN to listen to selections for a few seconds. The tape will go to a selection, stop for a few seconds. then go on to the next station. Press this button again to stop scanning. SIDE: Press this button to change the side of the tape that is playing. (PLAY shows on the display.) SOURCE: Press this button to switch from radio to cassette taps play. If no cassette tape is in the tape player, CASS appears on the display and then the radio station appears briefly. The display then reverts back to showing the time of day. Press this button again or BAND to switch back to the radio.

If an error occurs while trying to play a cassette tape, it could be that: 0 The cassette tape is tight and the cassette player

cannot turn the hubs of the tape. Hold the cassette tape with the open end down and try turning the right hub counterclockwise with a pencil. Flip the tape over and repeat. If the hubs do not turn easily, your cassette tape may be damaged and should not be used in the player. Try a new tape to be sure your player is working properly.

0 The cassette tape is broken. (Check to see if your

tape is broken. Try a new tape.)

REV: Press the left arrow to reverse the tape rapidly. Press it again to return to playing speed. The radio will play while the tape reverses and REV will appear on the display. You may use your station pushbuttons to tune to another radio station while in REV mode. FF: Press the right arrow to fast forward to another part of the tape. Press it again to return to playing speed. The radio will play while the tape advances and FWD will appear on the display. You may use your station pushbuttons to tune to another radio station while in FF mode.

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A EJECT Press the upward triangle button to remove a tape. The radio will play. Eject may be activated with the radio off. Cassette tapes may be loaded with the radio off but they will not start playing until the PWR button is pressed. Press PWR or turn the ignition key off to stop the cassette tape player. The tape will stay in the player and resume play at the point where it stopped. If you leave a cassette tape in the player while listening to the radio, it may become warm. CLN: If this message appears on the display, the cassette tape player needs to be cleaned. It will still play tapes, but you should clean it as soon as possible to prevent damage to the tapes and player. See “Care of Your Cassette Tape Player” in the Index. After you clean the player, press and hold EJECT for five seconds to reset the CLN indicator. The radio will display --- to show the indicator was reset. Dolby“ Noise Reduction is manufactured under a license from Dolby Laboratories Licensing Corporation. Dolby and the double-D symbol are trademarks of Dolby Laboratories Licensing Corporation.

For information on the compact disc player, see “Trunk Mounted CD Changer” later in this section.

PWRNOL: Press this knob lightly to release it from its stored position. The system will turn on. Press the knob again to turn the system off. To increase volunle, turn the knob clockwise. Turn it counterclockwise to decrease volume. The volume level will appear on the display.

BAND: Press this button to select Ah4. FM1 or FM2 and preset stations. SEEK-TUNE: Press and release this button to seek to the next higher or lower radio station. Pressing and holding this button until a chime sounds puts the radio in a tune mode. In this mode. higher or lower radio stations are advanced to in small increments until the SEEK-TUNE button is released. Tuning stops when you release this button. If you press and hold the SEEK-TUNE button again within five seconds of being in the tune mode, tuning will continue. Waiting longer than five seconds places the radio back in the seek mode. SCAN: Press this button and SCAN will appear on the display. Use SCAN to listen to stations for a few seconds. The radio will go to a station, stop for a few seconds, then go on to the next station. Press this button again to stop scanning. PUSHBUTTONS: The six numbered pushbuttons let you return to your favorite stations. You can set up to I8 stations (six AM, six FM1 and six FM2). Just: 1 . Turn the radio on. 2. Press BAND to select AM, FMl or FM2.

3. Tune in the desired station. 4. Press and hold one of the six numbered buttons until

you hear a chime. A preset number will appear on the display. The sound will mute. When it returns, release the button. Whenever you press that numbered button, the station you set will return.

5. Repeat the steps for each pushbutton. PRESET SCAN: Press and hoId SCAN for two to three seconds until PRESET SCAN appears on the display to listen to each of your prcset stations for a few seconds (factoly presets which have not been reprogrammed with your stations will be ignored). The radio will go to the first preset station stored on your pushbuttons, stop for a few scconds, then go on to.the next preset station. Press SCAN again to stop scanning. If a preset station has weak reception. the radio will not stop at the preset station.

Settirag the Torre BASS: Press this knob lightly so it extends. Turn the knob clockwise to increase and counterclockwise to decrease bass. TREB: Press this knob lightly so it extends. Turn the knob clockwise to increase and counterclockwise to decrease treble. If a station is weak or noisy, you may want to decrease the treble.

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Push these knobs back into their stored positions when you're not using them. DSP: The Digital Signal Processing (DSP) feature is used to produce four audio effects. These include TALK, DRIVER SEAT, LIVE and AUDITORIUM. DSP can be used while listening to the radio, the cassette tape player or the CD player. To activate DSP, press the DSP button. Press this button again to go through the four effects. To turn the DSP feature off, press OFF.

TALK: This setting is used when listening to non-musical material such as baseball games, talk shows or news. TALK gives the best clarity of spoken words. The high and low frequencies are lowered, the mid-range is increased and the audio is moved more toward the front speakers. DRIVER SEAT This setting adjusts the audio to give the driver the best possible sound qualities. This has been done by tailoring the sound arrival times and equalization for the driver seat. DFWER SEAT can be used at any time for any material. Other passengers in the vehicle may not perceive the same effect. LIVE: This setting is used to imitate the sound of a live performance.

0 AUDITORIUM: This setting is similar to LIVE,

however, more echo is present. The LIVE and AUDITORIUM settings are best used for music.

LEVEL: Press the plus or minus symbol on this button to adjust the amount of effect desired when in DSP mode. Some experimenting with this button will help you determine the best sound.

Adjusting the Speakers BAL: Press this knob lightly so it extends. Turn the knob clockwise to adjust sound to the right speakers and counterclockwise for the left speakers. The middle position balances the sound between the speakers. FADE: Press this knob lightly so it extends. Turn the knob clockwise to adjust the sound to the front speakers and counterclockwise for the rear speakers. The middle position balances the sound between the speakers. Push these knobs back into their stored positions when you're not using them.

With the radio on, insert a cassette tape. The tape will begin playing as soon as it is inserted. While the tape is playing, use the VOL, FADE, BAL, BASS and TREB controls just as you do for the radio. Other controls may have different functions when a tape is inserted. The display will show TAPE with an arrow to indicate which side of the tape is playing. PLAY will appear on the display temporarily when a tape is playing. The display will then revert back to showing the time. If an error occurs while trying to play a cassette tape, it could be that:

The cassette tape is tight and the cassette player cannot turn the hubs of the tape. Hold the cassette tape with the open end down and try turning the right hub counterclockwise with a pencil. Flip the tape over and repeat. If the hubs do not turn easily, your cassette tape may be damaged and should not be used in the player. Try a new tape to be sure your player is working properly. The cassette tape is broken. (Check to see if your tape is broken. Try a new tape.)

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REV: Press the left ITO OW to reverse the tape rapidly. Press it again to return to playing speed. The radio will play while the tape reverses and REV will appear on the display. You may use your station pushbuttons to tune to another radio station while in REV mode. FF: Press the right arrow to fast forward to another part of the tape. Press it again to return to playing speed. The radio will play while the tape advances and FF will appear on the display. You may use your station pushbuttons to tune to another radio station while in FF mode. SEEK-TUNE: Press the right arrow to seek to the next selection on the tape. Press the left at-row to search for the previous selection on the tape (REP will appear on the display). Your tape must have at least three seconds of silence between each selection for SEEK-TUNE to work. The sound will mute while seeking. SCAN: Press this button. SCAN FF will appear on the display until the next selection is found and then SCAN PLAY will appear on the display. Use SCAN to listen to selections for a few seconds. The tape will go to a selection, stop for a few seconds, then go on to the next selection. Press this button again to stop scanning. SIDE: Press this button to change the side of the tape that is playing. (PLAY shows on the display.)

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SOURCE: Press this button to switch from radio to cassette tape play. If no cassette tape is in the tape player, CASS appears on the display and then the radio station appears briefly. The display then reverts back to showing the time of day. Press this button again or BAND to switch back to the radio. A EJECT Press the upward triangle button to remove a tape. The radio will play. Eject may be activated with the radio off if the ignition is on. Cassette tapes may be loaded with the radio off but they will not start playing until the PWR button is pressed. Press PWR or turn the ignition key off to stop the cassette tape player. The tape will stay in the player and resume play at the point where it stopped. If you leave a cassette tape in the player while listening to the radio, it may become warm. CLN: If this message appears on the display, the cassette tape player needs to be cleaned. It will still play tapes, but you should clean it as soon as possible to prevent damage to the tapes and player. See “Care of Your Cassette Tape Player’’ in the Index. After you clean the player, press and hold EJECT for five seconds to reset the CLN indicator. The radio will display --- to show the indicator was reset. Dolby@ Noise Reduction is manufxtured under a license from Dolby Laboratories Licensing Corporation. Dolby and the double-D symbol are trademarks of Dolby Laboratories Licensing Corporation.

With the compact disc changer, you can play up to 12 discs continuously. Normal size discs may be played using the trays supplied in the magazine. The small discs (8 cm) can be played only with specially designed trays.

NOTICE:

Objects in the trunk which mag shift or slide during driving could damage your CD changer. Protect your CD changer by using the convenience net whenever possible. Place large objects in the trunk appropriately so that they will not come into contact with the CD changer.

Once you have loaded' the discs in the magazine, slide open the door of the compact disc (CD) changer. Push the magazine into the changer in the direction of the arrow marked on top of the magazine.

You must first load the magazine with discs before you can play a compact disc. Each of the 12 trays holds one disc. Press the button on the back of the magazine and pull gently on one of the trays. Load the trays from bottom to top, placing a disc on the tray label side down. If you load a disc label side up, the disc will not play and an error will occur. Gently push the tray back into the magazine slot. Repeat this procedure for loading up to 12 discs in the magazine.

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Whenever a CD magazine with discs is loaded in the changer, the CD symbol will appear on the radio display. If the CD changer is checking the magazine for CDs, the CD symbol will flash on the display until the changer is ready to play. When a CD begins playing, a disc and track number will be displayed. The disc numbers are listed on the front of the magazine. All of the CD functions are controlled by the radio buttons, except for ejecting the CD magazine. PUSHBUTTONS: Press buttons one through six to go from one compact disc to another that is loaded in the changer. Press and hold one of the six pushbuttons until a beep sounds to use pushbuttons 7 through 12. These pushbuttons represent the order of the discs loaded in the changer. DSPL: Press and hold this button to see the track elapsed time (available on all radios). Press DSPL again within five seconds to see how many compact discs are loaded in the changer and where they are loaded (not available on the standard AM-FM Stereo radio). REV: Press and hold this button to reverse quickly through a track selection. FF: Press and hold this button to advance quickly through a track selection.

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Close the door by sliding it all the way to the left. If the door is left partially open? the changer will not operate and an error will occur. When the door is closed, the changer will begin checking for discs in the magazine. This will continue for up to one and a half minutes, depending on the number of discs loaded. To eject the magazine from the player, slide the CD changer door all the way open. The magazine will automatically eject. Remember to keep the door closed whenever possible to keep dirt and dust from getting inside the changer.

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SEEK-TUNE: Press the right arrow to seek to the next selection. Press the left arrow to search for the previous track selection. The sound will mute while seeking. SCAN: When you press SCAN while playing a CD, you will hear the first few seconds of each track on a disc. Press SCAN again to stop on a CD. The CD will mute while scanning and SCAN will appear on the display. RDM: Press this button to hear the tracks in random, rather than sequential, order. RDM will appear on the display. Press SEEK-TUNE while RDM is on the display to randomly seek through discs and tracks. Press RDM again to turn off random play. (This button is not available on the standard AM-FM Stereo radio.) SIDE: Press this button to select the next disc in the changer. Each time you press this button, DISC LOADING will appear on the display (does not appear on the standard AM-FM Stereo radio) and the disc number on the radio display will move to the next available CD. SOURCE: Press this button if you have a disc loaded in the changer and the radio is on, to play a compact disc. To return to playing the radio, press BAND. Pressing SOURCE also switches between a tape or compact disc if both are loaded. EJECT Slide the CD changer door all the way open and the disc holder will automatically eject.

If ERR or ERROR appears on the display, an error has occurred and the compact disc temporarily cannot play. CD CHANGER ERROR could be displayed for the following:

The road is too rough. The disc should play when the road is smoother.

0 The disc is dirty, scratched, wet or loaded label side up.

The air is very humid. If so, wait about an hour and try again.

CHEK DOOR or CD CHANGER DOOR OPEN is displayed when the CD changer door is left open. Completely close the changer door to restore normal operation. CD CHANGER NO DISCS is displayed when an empty magazine is inserted in the CD changer. Try the magazine again with a disc loaded on one of the trays. (This message does not appear in the display on the standard AM-FM Stereo radios.) If any error occurs repeatedly or if an error cannot be corrected, please contact your dealer. If your radio displays an error number? write it down and provide it to your dealer when reporting the problem.

With this feature, your vehicle will recall the latest radio settings as adjusted the last time your vehicle was operated. This feature allows two different drivers to store and recall their own radio settings. The settings recalled by the radio are determined by which RKE transmitter (“1” or “2’’) was used to enter the vehicle. The number on the back of the RKE transmitter corresponds to driver 1 or to driver 2. After the unlock button is pressed on the RKE transmitter or the ignition key is placed in the ignition, the radio settings will automatically adjust to where they were last set. The settings can also be changed by briefly pressing the memory seat buttons 1 or 2 located on the driver’s door.

Your Cadillac has a “built-in“ theft-deterrent feature on each radio that is automatic -- there is no programming required. The radio in your Cadillac cannot be used in any other vehicle besides another Cadillac if it were to be removed.

VOLUME: Press the up arrow lever to increase volume and the down arrow lever to decrease volume.

SELECT: When listening to the radio, press the up or down arrow lever to tune to the next or previous preset radio station (factory presets which have not been reprogrammed with your stations will be ignored). When listening to a cassette tape, the up or clown arrow lever can be used to SEEK forward and rearward through the tape. Pressing the up or down arrow lever when listening to a CD will cause the player to go to the next or previous selection.

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To help avoid hearing loss or damage:

FM stereo will give you the best sound. But FM signals will reach only about 10 to 40 miles (16 to 65 km). Tall buildings or hills can interfere with FM signals, causing the sound to come and go.

The range for most AM stations IS greater than for FM, especially at night. The longer range, however, can cause stations to interfere with each other. AM can pick up noise from things like storms and power lines. Try reducing the treble to reduce this noise if you ever get it.

Hearing damage from loud noise is almost undetectable until it is too late. Your hearing can adapt to higher volumes of sound. Sound that seems normal can be loud and harmful to your hearing. Take precautions by adjusting the volume control on your radio to a safe sound level before your hearing adapts to it.

Adjust the volume control to the lowest setting. Increase volume slowly until you hear comfortably and clearly.

NOTICE: vehicle -- like a tape player, CB radio, mobile Before you add any sound equipment to your telephone or two-way radio -- be sure you can add what you want. If you can, it’s very important to do it properly. Added sound equipment may interfere with the operation of your vehicle’s engine, Cadillac radio or other systems, and even damage them. Your vehicle’s systems may interfere with the operation of sound equipment that has been added improperly. So, before adding sound equipment, check with your dealer and be sure to check Federal rules covering mobile radio and telephone units.

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A tape player that is not cleaned regularly can cause reduced sound quality, ruined cassettes or a damaged mechanism. Cassette tapes should be stored in their cases away from contaminants. direct sunlight and extreme heat. If they aren't, they may not operate properly or may cause failure of the tape player. Your tape player should be cleaned regularly after every 50 hours of use. Your radio may display CLN or CLEAN TAPE to indicate that you have used your tape player for 50 hours without resetting the tape clean timer. Each time the cassette is cleaned, the 50 hour cassette timer should be reset. This is done by holding down the eject button for three seconds until the TME CLEAN message is displayed. If you notice a reduction in sound quality, tly a known good cassette to see if it is the tape or the tape player at fault. If this other cassette has no improvement in sound quality, clean the tape player. Cleaning may be done with a scrubbing action, non-abrasive cleaning cassette with pads which scrub the tape head as the hubs of the cleaner cassette turn. It is normal for the cassette to eject while cleaning. Insert the cassette at least six times to ensure thorough cleaning.

Some cleaning cassettes or CD adapter kits may appear as a broken tape. If the cleaning cassette is ejected immediately from the tape player. follow these steps for the TAPE CLEAN OVERRIDE teatur-e: 1. Turn the ignition to R U N or ACC 2. Turn the radio off. 3. Press and hold the SOL!KCE b u t t o n l ' o r three

seconds. After three scconds. thc tapc icon will flash indicating the cut tape feature is 1 . 1 0 n . turned off.

4. Turn the radio on and insert the clcming cassette (or

the CD adapter kit ).

5. Eject the tape after the tape player has been cleaned. When the cleaning cassetIe has been ejected, the broken tape detection feature is active again. You may also choose a non-scrubbing action. wet-type cleaner which uses a cassette with a fabric belt to clean the tape head. This type of cleaning cassette will not eject and, it may not clean as thoroughly as the scrubbing type cleaner. Cassettes are subject to wear and the sound quality may degrade over time. Always make sure the cassette tape is in good condition before you have your tape player serviced.

Handle discs carefully. Store them in their original cases or other protective cases and away from direct sunlight and dust. If the surface of a disc is soiled, dampen a clean, soft cloth in a mild, neutral detergent solution and clean it, wiping from the center to the edge. Be sure never to touch the signal surface when handling disc-s. Pick up discs by grasping the outer edge.s or the edge of the hole and the outer edge.

Your power antenna will look its best and work well if it’s cleaned from time to time. To clean the antenna mast: 1. 2.

Turn on the ignition and radio to raise the antenna. Dampen a clean cloth with mineral spirits or equivalent solvent. Wipe the cloth over the mast sections, removing any dirt. Make the antenna go up and down by turning the radio or ignition off and on. Repeat if necessary.

3.

4.

5.

I NOTICE:

Don’t lubricate the power antenna. Lubrication could damage it.

NOTICE:

Before entering an automatic car wash, turn off your radio to make the power antenna go down. This will prevent the mast from possibly getting damaged. If the antenna does not go down when you turn the radio off, it may be damaged or need to be cleaned. In either case, lower the antenna by hand by carefully pressing the antenna down.

If the mast portion of your antenna is damaged, you can easily replace it. See your dealer for a replacement kit and follow the instructions in the kit.

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Here you'll find information about driving on different kinds of roads and in varying weather conditions. We've also included many other useful tips on driving.

4-2 4-3 4-6 4-6 4-10 4-13 4-13 4- 14 4-16

Defensive Driving Drunken Driving Control of a Vehicle Braking Steeling Off-Road Recovery Passing Loss of Control Driving at Night

4-18 4-2 I 4-22 4-23 4-24 4-24 4-26 4-30 4-32

Driving in Rain and on Wet Roads City Driving Freeway Driving Before Leaving on a Long Trip Highway Hypnosis Hill and Mountain Roads Winter Driving Loading Your Vehicle Towing a Trailer

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The best advice anyone can give about driving is: Drive defensively. Please start with a very important safety device in your Cadillac: Buckle up. (See “Safety Belts” in the Index.) Defensive driving really means “be ready for anything.” On city streets, rural roads or freeways, it means “always expect the unexpected.” Assume that pedestrians or other drivers are going to be careless and make mistakes. Anticipate what they might do. Be ready for their mistakes. Rear-end collisions are about the most preventable of accidents. Yet they are common. Allow enough following distance. It’s the best defensive driving maneuver, in both city and rural driving. You never know when the vehicle in front of you is going to brake or turn suddenly.

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Death and injury associated with drinking and driving is a national tragedy. It’s the number one contributor to the highway death toll, claiming thousands of victims every year. Alcohol affects four things that anyone needs to drive a vehicle: 0 Judgment 0 Muscular Coordination

Vision

0 Attentiveness. Police records show that almost half of all motor vehicle-related deaths involve alcohol. In most cases, these deaths are the result of someone who was drinking and driving. In recent years, some 17,000 annual motor vehicle-related deaths have been associated with the use of alcohol, with more than 3007000 people injured. Many addts -- by some estimates, nearly half the adult population -- choose never to drink alcohol. so they never drive after drinking. For persons under 21, it’s against the law in every U.S. state to drink alcohol. There are good medical, psychological and developmental reasons for these laws.

The obvious way to solve this highway safety problem is for people never to drink alcohol and then drive. But what if people do? How much is “too much” if the driver plans to drive? It‘s a lot less than many might think. Although it depends on each person and situation, here is some general information on the problem. The Blood Alcohol Concentration (BAC) of someone who is drinking depends upon four things: a The amount of alcohol consumed 0 The drinker’s body weight

The amount of food that is consumed before and during drinking

0 The length of time it has taken the drinker to

consume the alcohol.

According to the American Medical Association, a 180-lb. (82 kg) person who drinks three 12-ounce (355 ml) bottles of beer in an hour will end up with a BAC of about 0.06 percent. The person would reach the same BAC by drinking three 4-ounce ( 120 ml) glasses of wine or three mixed drinks if each had I - 1/2 ounces (45 ml j of a liquor like whiskey, gin or vodka.

Since alcohol is carried in body water, this means that a woman generally will reach a higher BAC level than a man of her same body weight when each has the same number of drinks. The law in many U.S. states sets the legal limit at a BAC of 0.10 percent. In a growing number of U.S. states, and throughout Canada, the limit is 0.08 percent. In some other countries, it’s even lower. The BAC limit for all commercial drivers in the United States is 0.04 percent. The BAC will be over 0.10 percent after three to six drinks (in one hour). Of course, as we’ve seen, it depends on how much alcohol is in the drinks, and how quickly the person drinks them. But the ability to drive is affected well below a BAC of 0.10 percent. Research shows that the driving skills of many people are impaired at a BAC approaching 0.05 percent, and that the effects are worse at night. All drivers are impaired at BAC levels above 0.05 percent. Statistics show that the chance of being in a collision increases sharply for drivers who have a B AC of 0.05 percent or above. A driver with a BAC level of 0.06 percent has doubled his or her chance of having a collision. At a BAC level of 0.10 percent, the chance of this driver having a collision is 12 times greater; at a level of 0.15 percent, the chance is 25 times greater!

It’s the amount of alcohol that counts. For example, if the same person drank three double martinis (3 ounces or 90 ml of liquor each) within an hour, the person’s BAC would be close to 0.12 percent. A person who consumes food just before or during drinking will have a somewhat lower BAC level. There is a gender difference, too. Women generally have a lower relative percentage of body water than men.

The body takes about an hour to rid itself of the alcohol in one drink. No amount of coffee or number of cold showers will speed that up. "1'11 be carefui" isn't the right answer. What if there's an emergency. a need to take sudden action, as when a child darts into the street? A person with even a moderate BAC might not be able to react quickly enough to avoid the collision. There's something else about drinking and driving that many people don't know. Medical research shows that alcohol in a person's system can make crash injuries worse, especially injuries to the brain, spinal cord or heart. This Ineans that when anyone who has been drinking -- driver or passenger -- is in a crash. that person's chance of being killed or permanently disabled 1s hlghsr than if the person had not been drinking.

/d CAUTION:

Drinking and then driving is very dangerous. Your reflexes, perceptions, attentiveness and judgment can be affected by even a small amount of alcohol. You can have a serious -- or even fatal -- collision if you drive after drinking. Please don't drink and drive or ride with a driver who has been drinking. Ride home in a cab; or if you're with a group, designate a driver who will not drink.

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You have three systems that make your vehicle go where you want it to go. They are the brakes, the steering and the accelerator. All three systems have to do their work at the places where the tires meet the road.

Sometimes, as when you’re driving on snow or ice, it’s easy to ask more of those control systems than the tires and road can provide. That means you can lose control of your vehicle. -6

Braking action involves perceptim t h e and rcaction time. First, you have to decide to push on the brake pedal. That’s perception time. Then you have t o bring up your foot and do it. That’s renctiorr timc. Average reaction time is about 314 ot’ a second. But that’s only an average. It might be less w i t h one driver and as long as two or, three seconds or more w i t h another. Age, physical condition, alettncss. coo~-dination and eyesight all play a part. So do alcohol. drugs and frustration. But even in 3/4 of a second. a vehicle moving at 60 mph (100 km/h) travels 66 feet (20 In). That could be a lot of distance in an emergency, so keeping enough spacebetween your vehicle and others is important. And, of course, actual stopping distances vary greatly with the surface of the road (whether it’s pavement or gravel); the condition of the road (wet, dry, icy); tire tread; the condition of your brakes; the weight of the vehicle and the amount of brake force applied.

Avoid needless heavy braking. Some people drive in spurts -- heavy acceleration followed by heavy braking -- rather than keeping pace with traffic. This is a mistake. Your brakes may not have time to cool between hard stops. Your brakes will wear out much faster if you do a lot of heavy braking. If you keep pace with the traffic and allow realistic following distances, you will eliminate a lot of unnecessary braking. That means better braking and longer brake life. If your engine ever stops while you’re driving, brake normally but don’t pump your brakes. If you do, the pedal may get harder to push down. If your engine stops, you will still have some power brake assist. But you will use it when you brake. Once the power assist is used up, it may take longer to stop and the brake pedal will be harder to push.

Your vehicle has anti-lock brakes (ABS). ABS is an advanced electronic braking system that will help prevent a brakmg skid. When you start your engine and begin t o drive away, your anti-lock brake system will check itself. You may hear a momentary motor or clicking noise while this test is going on, and you may even notice that your brake pedal moves a little. This is normal.

ANTI - LOCK

If there‘s ;I problem with the anti-lock brake system, this warning light will stay on. See “Anti-Lock Brake System Warning Light” in the Index.

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The anti-lock system can change the brake pressure faster

Here’s how anti-lock works. Let’s say the road is wet. You’re driving safely. Suddenly an animal jumps out in front of you. You slam on the brakes. Here’s what happens with ABS. A computer senses that wheels are slowing down. If one of the wheels is about to stop rolling. the computer will separately work the brakes at each front wheel and at the rcar wheels.

You can steer around the obstacle while braking hard. As you brake, your computer keeps receiving updates on wheel speed and controls braking pressure accordingly.

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Remember: Anti-lock doesn’t change the time you need to get your foot up to the brake pedal or always decrease stopping distance. If you get too close to the vehicle in front of you, you won’t have time to apply your brakes if that vehicle suddenly slows or stops. Always leave enough room up ahead to stop. even though you have anti-lock brakes.

t h g AnJ:i=f,.ciick Don’t pump the brakes. Just hold the brake pedal down and let anti-lock work for you. You may hear the anti-lock pump or motor operate. and feel the brake pedal pulsate. but this is normal.

Your vehicle has a traction control system that limits wheel spin. This is especially useful in slippely road conditions. The system operates only if it senses that one or both of the front wheels are spinning or beginning to lose traction. When this happens, the system works the front brakes and reduces engine power to limit wheel spin. The TRACTION ENGAGED message will display on the Driver Information Center when the traction control system is limiting wheel spin. See “Driver Information Center Messages” in the Index. You may feel or hear the system working, but this is normal.

If your vehicle is in cruise control when the traction control system begins to limit wheel spin, the cruise control will automatically disengage. When road conditions allow you to safely use it again, you may re-engage the cruise control. (See “Cruise Control” in the Index.)

This warning light will come on to let you know if there’s a problem with your traction control system.

TRACTION CONTROL

See “Traction Control System Warning Light” in the Index. When this warning light is on, the system will not limit wheel spin. Adjust your driving accordingly. The traction control system automatically comes on whenever you start your vehicle. To limit wheel spin. especially in slippery road conditions, you should always leave the system on. But you can turn the traction control system off if you ever need to. (You should turn the system off if your vehicle ever gets stuck

in sand, mud, ice or snow. See “Rocking Your Vehicle” in the Index.)

To turn the system off, press the TRAC OFF button located inside of the

I glove box.

The TRACTION OFF message will display on the Driver Information Center. If the system is limiting wheel spin when you press the button, the TRACTION OFF message will display -- but the system won’t turn off right away. It will wait until there’s no longer a current need to limit wheel spin. You can turn the system back on at any time by pressing the button again. The TRACTION READY message should display briefly on the Driver Information Center.

With anti-lock, you can steer and brake at the same time. In many emergencies. steering can help you more than even the very best braking.

eeri

If you lose power steering assist because the engine stops or the system is not functioning, you can steer but it will take much more effort.

Your vehicle may be equipped with GM MAGNASTEER, a system that continuously adjusts the effort you feel when steering at all vehicle speeds. It provides ease when parking yet a film. solid feel at highway speeds.

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What should you do if this ever happens? Ease up on the accelerator pedal, steer the vehicle the way you want it to go. and slow down. If you have the Seville STS, you may see the STABILITY SI’S ENGAGED message on the Driver Information Center. See “Stability Engaged Message” in the Index. Speed limit signs near curves warn that you should adjust your speed. Of course, the posted speeds are based on good weather and road conditions. Under less favorable conditions you’ll want to go slower. If you need to reduce your speed as you approach a curve, do it before you enter the curve. while your front wheels are straight ahead. Try to adjust your speed so you can “drive” through the curve. Maintain a reasonable, steady speed. Wait to accelerate until you are out of the curve, and then accelerate gently into the straightaway.

It’s important to take curves at a reasonable speed. A lot of the “driver lost control“ accidents mentioned on the news happen on curves. Here’s why: Experienced driver or beginner, each of us is subject to the same laws of physics when driving on curves. The traction of the tires against the road surface makes it possible for the vehicle to change its path when you turn the front wheels. If there’s no traction, inertia will keep the vehicle going in the same direction. If you’ve ever tried to steer a vehicle on wet ice, you’ll understand this. The traction you can get in a curve depends on the condition of your tires and the road surface, the angle at which the curve is banked and your speed. While you’re in a curve, speed is the one factor you can control. Suppose you’re steering through a sharp curve. Then you suddenly accelerate. Both control systems -- steering and acceleration -- have to do their work where the tires meet the road. Adding the sudden acceleration can demand too much of those places. You can lose control. Refer to ‘Traction Control System” in the Index.

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There are times when steering can be more effective than braking. For example, you come over a hill and find a truck stopped in your lane, or a car suddenly pulls out fr~1-11 nowhere, or a child darts out from between parked cars and stops right in front of you. You can avoid these problems by braking -- if you can stop in time. But sometimes you can’t; there isn’t roonl. That‘s the time for evasive action -- steering around the problem. Your Cadillac can perform very well in emergencies like these. First apply your brakes. (See “Braking in Emergencies” earlier in this section.) It is better to remove as much speed as you can from a possible collision. Then steer around the problem, to the left or right depending on the space available.

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An emergency like this requires close attention and a quick decision. If you are holding the steering wheel at the recommended 9 and 3 o’clock positions, you can turn it a full 180 degrees very quickly without removing either hand. But you have to act fast, steer quickly, and just as quickly straighten the wheel once you have avoided the object. The fact that such emergency situations are always possible is a good reason to practice defensive driving at all times and wear safety belts properly.

You may find sometime that your right wheels have dropped off the edge of a road onto the shoulder while you’re driving.

QUARTER TURN

edge of paved surface

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If the level of the shoulder is only slightly below the pavement. recovely should be fairly easy. Ease off the accelerator and then. if there is nothing in the way, steer so that your vehicle straddles the edge of the pavement. You can turn the steering wheel up to one-quarter hum until the right front tire contacts the pavement edge. Then him your steering wheel to go straight down the roadway.

The driver of a vehicle about to pass another on a two-lane highway waits for just the right moment, accelerates. niO\’es around the vehicle ahead. then goes back into the right lane again. A simple maneuver? Not necessarily! Passing another vehicle on a two-lane highway is a potentially dangerous move. since the passing vehicle occupies the same lane as oncoming traffic for several seconds. A miscalculation. an error in judgment, or a brief surrender to frustration o r anger can suddenly put the passing driver face to face with the worst of all traffic accidents -- the head-on collision. So here are some tips for passing: 0 “Drive ahead.” Look down the road, to the sides and to crossroads for situations that night affect your passing patterns. If you have any doubt whatsoever about making a successful pass, wait for a better time. Watch for traffic signs, pavement markings and lines. If you can see a sign up ahead that might indicate a turn or an intersection. delay your pass. A broken center line usually indicates it’s all right to pass (providing the road ahead is clear’). Never cl-oss a solid line on your side of the lane or a double solid line, even if the road seems empty of approaching traffic.

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Do not get too close to the vehicle you want to pass while you’re awaiting an opportunity. For one thing, following too closely reduces your area of vision, especially if you’re following a larger vehicle. Also, you won’t have adequate space if the vehicle ahead suddenly slows or stops. Keep back a reasonable distance. When it looks like a chance to pass is coming up, start to accelerate but stay in the right lane and don’t get too close. Time your move so you will be increasing speed as the time comes to move into the other lane. If the way is clear to pass, you will have a “running start“ that more than makes up for the distance you would lose by dropping back. And if something happens to cause you to cancel your pass, you need only slow down and drop back again and wait for another opportunity. If other cars are fined up to pass a slow vehicle, wait your turn. But take care that someone isn’t trying to pass you as you pull out to pass the slow vehicle. Remember to glance over your shoulder and check the blind spot. Check your mirrors, glance over your shoulder, and start your left lane change signal before moving out of the right lane to pass. When you are far enough ahead of the passed vehicle to see its front in your

inside mirror, activate your right lane change signal and move back into the right lane. (Remember that your right outside mirror is convex. The vehicle you just passed may seem to be farther away from you than it really is.) Try not to pass more than one vehicle at a time on two-lane roads. Reconsider before passing the next vehicle. Don’t overtake a slowly moving vehicle too rapidly. Even though the brake lamps are not flashing, it may be slowing down or starting to turn. If you’re being passed, make it easy for the folIowing driver to get ahead of you. Perhaps you can ease a little to the right.

Let’s review what driving experts say about what happens when the three control systems (brakes, steering and acceleration) don’t have enough friction where the tires meet the road to do what the driver has asked. In any emergency, don’t give up. Keep ttying to steer and constantly seek an escape route or area of less danger.

In a skid, a driver can lose mntrol of the vehicle. Defensive drivers avoid most skids by talung reasonable care suited to existing conditions, and by not “overdriving” those conditions. But skids are always possible. The three types of skids correspond to your Cadillac’s three control systems. In the braking skid, your wheels aren‘t rolling. In the steering or cornering skid, too much speed or steering in a curve causes tires to slip and lose cornering force. And in the acceleration skid, too much throttle causes the driving wheels to spin. A cornering skid is best handled by easing your foot off the accelerator pedal. Remember: Any traction control system helps avoid only the acceleration skid. If your traction control system is off, then an acceleration skid is also best handled by easing your foot off the accelerator pedal. If your vehicle starts to slide, ease your foot off the accelerator pedal and quickly steer the way you want the vehicle to go. If you start steering quickly enough, your vehicle may straighten out. Always be ready for a second skid if it occurs.

If you have the Seville STS, you may see the STABILITY SYS ENGAGED message on the Driver Information Center. See “Stability Engaged Message” in the Index. Of course, traction is reduced when water, snow. ice, gravel or other material is on the road. For safety, you’ll want to slow down and adjust your driving to these conditions. It is important to slow down on slippery surfaces because stopping distance will be longer and vehicle control more 1-imited. While driving on a surface with reduced traction, try your best to avoid sudden steering, acceleration or braking (including engine braking by shifting to a lowsr E oear). Any sudden changes could cause the tires to slide. You may not realize the surface is slippery until your vehicle is skidding. Learn to recognize warning clues -- such as enough water, ice or packed snow on the road to make a “mirrored surface” -- and slow down when you have any doubt. Remember: Any anti-lock brake system (ABS) helps avoid only the braking skid.

Here are some tips on night driving. 0 Drive defensively.

Don’t drink and drive.

0 Since you can’t see as well, you may need to

slow down and keep more space between you and other vehicles. Slow down, especially on higher speed roads. E’our headlamps can light up only so much road ahead.

0 In remote areas, watch for animals. 0 If you’re tired, pull off the road in a safe place

and rest.

Night driving is more dangerous than day driving. One reason is that some drivers are likely to be impaired -- by alcohol or drugs, with night vision problems, or by fatigue.

No one can see as well at night as in the daytime. But as we get older these differences increase. A 50-year-old driver may require at least twice as much light to see the same thing at night as a 20-year-old. What you do in the daytime can also affect your night vision. For example, if you spend the day in bright sunshine you are wise to wear sunglasses. Your eyes will have less trouble adjusting to night. But if you’re driving. don’t wear sunglasses at night. They may cut down on glare from headlamps. but they also nuke a lot of things invisible. You can be temporarily blinded by approaching headlamps. It can take a second or two, or even several seconds. for your eyes to readjust to the dark. When you are faced with severe glare (as from a driver who doesn’t lower the high beams, or a vehicle with misaimed headlamps), slow down a little. Avoid staring directly into the approaching headlamps.

Keep your windshield and all the glass on your vehicle clean -- inside and out. Glare at night is made much worse by dirt on the glass. Even the inside of the glass can build up a film caused by dust. Dirty glass makes lights dazzle and flash more than clean glass would, making the pupils of your eyes contract repeatedly. Remember that your headlamps light up far less of a roadway when you are in a turn or curve. Keep your eyes moving; that way. it’s easier to pick out dimly lighted objects. Just as your headlamps should be checked regularly for proper aim. so should your eyes be examined regularly. Some drivers sufkr from night blindness -- the inability to see in dim light -- and aren’t even aware of it.

Rain and wet roads can mean driving trouble. On a wet road, you can't stop. accelerate or turn as well because your tire-to-road traction isn-t as good as on dry roads. And, if your tires don't have much tread left. you'll get even less traction. It's always vise t o go slower and be cautious if rain starts to Fall while > ; I ~ C clri\-ing. The surface may get wet suddenly ~vhcn \-?our I . C ~ ' ~ C ' N C ' ~ ~ I I - C tuned for driving on dry paven'lcnt. The heavier the rain, the harder it is t o w e . E1.w i t your windshield wiper blades are i n ~ o o d shapc. ;I Ilea\,! rain can make it harder to see road signs and twt'fic signals. pavement markings, the edge o i ' thc ~-oad and e~'ttn people wallting. It's wise to keep your windshield wiping equipment in good shape and keep your windshield washer tank filled with washer fluid. Replace your windshield wiper inserts when they show signs of streaking or missing areas on the windshield. or when strips of rubber start to separate from the inserts.

Wet brakes can cause accidents. They won't work as well in a quick stop and ma?. cause pulling to one side. You could lose controi of the \.chicle. After driving through a large puddle of water or a car wash, apply your Ilrake pedal lightly until your brakes work normally.

Driving too fast through large water puddles or even going through some car washes can cause problems, too. The water may affect your brakes. Try to avoid puddles. But if you can't, try to slow down before you hit them.

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Hydroplaning is dangerous. So much water can build up under your tires that they can actually ride on the water. This can happen if the road is wet enough and you‘re going fast enough. When your vehicle is hydroplaning, it has little or no contact with the road. Hydroplaning doesn‘t happen often. But it can if your tires do not have much tread or if the pressure in one or more is low. It can happen if a lot of water is standing on the road. If you can see reflections from trees, telephone poles or other vehicles, and raindrops “dimple” the water’s surface, there could be hydroplaning. Hydroplaning usually happens at higher speeds. There just isn’t a hard and fast rule about hydroplaning. The best advice is to slow down when it is raining.

Driving Throug

I NOTICE:

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If you drive too quickly through deep puddles or standing water, water can come in through your engine’s air intake and badly damage your engine. Never drive through water that is slightly lower than the underbody of your vehicle. If you can’t avoid deep puddles or standing water, drive through them very slowly.

Besides slowing clown, allow some extra following distance. And be especially careful when you pass another vehicle. Allow yourself more clear room ahead, and be prepared to have your view restricted by road spray. Have good tires with proper tread depth. (See “Tires” in the Index.)

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Here are ways to increase your safety in city driving:

Know the best way to get to where you are going. Get a city map and plan your trip into an unknown part of the city just as you would for a cross-country trip. Try to use the fieeways that rim and crisscross most large cities. You’ll save time and energy. (See the next part, “Freeway Driving.”) Treat a green light as a warning signal. A traffic light is there because the corner is busy enough to and just before you need it. When a light turns green, start to move, check both ways for vehicles that have not cleared the intersection or may be running the red light.

One of the biggest problems with city streets is the amount of traffic on them. You’ll want to watch out for what the other drivers are doing and pay attention to traffk signals.

At the entrance, there is usually a ramp that leads to the freeway. If you have a clear view of the freeway as you drive along the entrance ramp, you should begin to check traffic. Try to determine where you expect to blend with the flow. Try to merge into the gap at close to the prevailing speed. Switch on your turn signal, check your mirrors and glance over your shoulder as often as necessary. Try to blend smoothly with the traffic flow. Once you are on the freeway, adjust your speed to the posted limit or to the prevailing rate if it’s slower. Stay in the right lane unless you want to pass. B.efore changing lanes, check your mirrors. Then use your turn signal. Just before you leave, the lane, glance quickly over your shoulder to make sure there isn’t another vehicle in your “blind” spot. Once you are moving on the freeway, make certain you allow a reasonable following distance. Expect to move slightly slower at night. When you want to leave the freeway, move to the proper lane well in advance. If you miss your exit, do not, under any circumstances, stop and back up. Drive on to the next exit. The exit ramp can be curved, sometimes quite sharply.

Mile for mile, freeways (also called thruways, parkways, expressways, turnpikes or superhighways) are the safest of all roads. But they have their own special rules. The most important advice on freeway driving is: Keep up with traffic and keep to the right. Drive at the same speed most of the other drivers are driving. Too-fast or too-slow driving breaks a smooth traffic flow. Treat the left lane on a freeway as a passing lane.

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The exit speed is usually posted. Reduce your speed according to your speedometer, not to your sense of motion. After driving for any distance at higher speeds, you may tend to think you are going slower than you actually are.

Make sure you‘re ready. Try to be well rested. If you must start when you’re not fresh -- such as after a day‘s work -- don’t plan to make too many miles that first part of the journey. Wear comfortable clothing and shoes you can easily drive in. Is your vehicle ready for a long trip? If you keep it serviced and maintained, it’s ready to go. If it needs service. have it done before starting out. Of course, you’ll find experienced and able service experts in Cadillac dealerships all across North America. They’ll be ready and willing to help if you need it.

Here are some things you can check before a trip:

Wirzdshield Wcsher Fluid: Is the reservoir full? Are all windows clean inside and outside? Wiper- Blades: Are they in good shape? Fuel, Engine Oil, Other Fluids: Have you checked all levels? Lcrmps: Are they all working? Are the lenses clean? Tires: They are vitally important to a safe, trouble-free trip. Is the tread good enough for long-distance driving? Are the tires all inflated to the recommended pressure? Weather Forecasts: What’s the weather outlook along your route? Should you delay your trip a short time to avoid a major storm system? hlcps: Do you have up-to-date maps?

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Is there actually such a condition as “highway hypnosis”? Or is it just plain falling asleep at the wheel? Call it highway hypnosis, lack of awareness, or whatever. There is something about an easy stretch of road with the same scenery, along with the hum of the tires on the road, the drone of the engine, and the rush of the wind against the vehicle that can make you sleepy. Don’t let it happen to you! If it does, your vehicle can leave the road in less than a second, and you could crash and be injured. What can you do about highway hypnosis? First, be aware that it can happen. Then here are some tips:

Make sure your vehicle is well ventilated, with a comfortably cool interior. Keep your eyes moving. Scan the road ahead and to the sides. Check your rearview mirrors and your instruments frequently.

0 If you get sleepy, pull off the road into a rest, service or parking area and take a nap, get some exercise, or both. For safety, treat drowsiness on the highway as an emergency.

Driving on steep hills or mountains is different from driving in flat or rolling terrain.

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If you drive regularly in steep country, or if you’re planning to visit there, here are some tips that can make your trips safer and more enjoyable. 0 Keep your vehicle in good shape. Check all fluid levels and also the brakes, tires, cooling system and transaxle. These parts can work hard on mountain roads. Know how to go down hills. The most important thing to know is this: let your engine do some of the slowing down. Shift to a lower gear when you go down a steep or long hill.

If you don’t shift down, your brakes could get so hot that they wouldn’t work well. You would then have poor braking or even none going down a hill. I’ou could crash. Shift down to let your engine assist your brakes on a steep downhill slope.

Coasting downhill in NEUTRAL (N) or with the ignition off is dangerous. Your brakes will have to do all the work of slowing down. They could get so hot that they wouldn’t work well. You would then have poor braking or even none going down a hill. You could crash. Always have your engine running and your vehicle in gear when you go downhill.

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Know how to go uphill. You may want to shift down to a lower gear. The lower gears help cool your engine and transaxle, and you can c h b the hill better. Stay in your own lane when driving on two-lane roads in hills or mountains. Don’t swing wide or cut across the center of the road. Drive at speeds that let you stay in your own lane. As you go over the top of a hill, be alert. There could be something in your lane. like a stalled car or an accident. You may see highway signs on mountains that warn of special problems. Examples are long grades, passing or no-passing zones, a falling rocks area or winding roads. Be alert to these and take appropriate action.

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Here are some tips for winter driving: