2010 Buick Enclave Owners Manual

separately, to see if the weights are proper. If they are not, adjustments might be made by moving some items around in the trailer. Trailering may be limited by the vehicle's ability to carry tongue weight. Tongue weight cannot cause the vehicle to exceed the

Driving and Operating

9-55

added to the front axle weight and 181 kg (400 lbs) to the rear axle weight. The vehicle now weighs:

Weight is still below 3 266 kg (7,200 lbs) and you might think 318 additional kilograms (700 lbs) should be subtracted from the trailering capacity to stay within GCWR limits. The maximum trailer would only be 3 538 kg (7,800 lbs). You may go further and think the tongue weight should be limited to less than 454 kg (1,000 lbs) to avoid exceeding GVWR. But the effect on the rear axle must still be

considered. Because the rear axle now weighs 1 406 kg (3,100 lbs), 408 kg (900 lbs) can be put on the rear axle without exceeding RGAWR. The effect of tongue weight is about 1.5 times the actual weight. Dividing the 408 kg (900 lbs) by 1.5 leaves only 272 kg (600 lbs) of tongue weight that can be handled. Since tongue weight is usually at least 10 percent of total loaded trailer weight, expect that the largest trailer the vehicle can properly handle is 2 722 kg (6,000 lbs). It is important that the vehicle does not exceed any of its ratings — GCWR, GVWR, RGAWR, Maximum Trailer Rating or Tongue Weight. The only way to be sure it is not exceeding any of these ratings is to weigh the vehicle and trailer.

Total Weight on the Vehicle's Tires Inflate the vehicle's tires to the upper limit for cold tires. These numbers can be found on the Certification label or see Vehicle Load Limits on page 9‑12 for more information. Do not go over the GVW limit for the vehicle, or the GAWR, including the weight of the trailer tongue. If using a weight distributing hitch, do not go over the rear axle limit before applying the weight distribution spring bars.

9-56

Driving and Operating

Towing Equipment

Hitches It is important to have the correct hitch equipment. Crosswinds, large trucks going by and rough roads are a few reasons why the right hitch is needed.

The rear bumper on the vehicle is not intended for hitches. Do not attach rental hitches or other bumper-type hitches to it. Use only a frame-mounted hitch that does not attach to the bumper. . Will any holes be made in the body of the vehicle when the trailer hitch is installed? If there are, then be sure to seal the holes when the hitch is removed. If the holes are not sealed, dirt, water, and deadly carbon monoxide (CO) from the exhaust may get into the vehicle. See Engine Exhaust on page 9‑23.

Weight-Distributing Hitches and Weight Carrying Hitches

A. Body-to-Ground Distance B. Front of Vehicle When using a weight-distributing hitch, the hitch must be adjusted so that the distance (A) remains the same both before and after coupling the trailer to the tow vehicle.

Safety Chains Always attach chains between the vehicle and the trailer. Cross the safety chains under the tongue of the trailer to help prevent the tongue from contacting the road if it becomes separated from the hitch. Always leave just enough slack so the rig can turn. Never allow safety chains to drag on the ground. Trailer Brakes A loaded trailer that weighs more than 450 kg (1,000 lbs) needs to have its own brake system that is adequate for the weight of the trailer. Be sure to read and follow the instructions for the trailer brakes so they are installed, adjusted and maintained properly. Because the vehicle has antilock brakes, do not try to tap into the vehicle's hydraulic brake system. If you do, both brake systems will not work well, or at all.

They should be connected by your dealer/retailer or a qualified service center. If the back-up lamp circuit is not functional, contact your dealer/ retailer. If a remote (non-vehicle) battery is being charged, press the Tow/Haul mode switch located on the center console near the climate controls. This will boost the vehicle system voltage and properly charge the battery. If the trailer is too light for Tow/Haul mode, turn on the headlamps (Non‐HID only) as a second way to boost the vehicle system and charge the battery.

Driving and Operating

9-57

Electric Trailer Brake Control Wiring Provisions These wiring provisions for an electric trailer brake controller are included with the vehicle as part of the trailer wiring package. The instrument panel contains blunt cut wires behind the steering column for the electric trailer brake controller. The harness contains the following wires: . Red/Black: Power Supply . White: Brake Switch Signal . Gray: Illumination . Dark Blue: Trailer Brake Signal . Black: Ground The electric trailer brake controller should be installed by your dealer/ retailer or a qualified service center.

Trailer Wiring Harness

Basic Trailer Wiring The trailer wiring harness, with a seven-pin connector, is located at the rear of the vehicle and is tied to the vehicle's frame. The harness connector can be plugged into a seven-pin universal heavy-duty trailer connector available through your dealer/retailer. The seven-wire harness contains the following trailer circuits: . Yellow: Left Stop/Turn Signal . Dark Green: Right Stop/Turn

Signal

. Brown: Taillamps . Black: Ground

Light Green: Back-up Lamps

. Red/Black: Battery Feed . Dark Blue: Trailer Brake* *The fuse for this circuit is installed in the underhood electrical center, but the wires are not connected.

9-58

Driving and Operating

Conversions and Add-Ons

Add-On Electrical Equipment Notice: Do not add anything electrical to the vehicle unless you check with your dealer/ retailer first. Some electrical equipment can damage the vehicle and the damage would not be covered by the vehicle's warranty. Some add-on electrical equipment can keep other components from working as they should. Add-on equipment can drain the vehicle battery, even if the vehicle is not operating. The vehicle has an airbag system. Before attempting to add anything electrical to the vehicle, see Servicing the Airbag-Equipped Vehicle on page 3‑42 and Adding Equipment to the Airbag-Equipped Vehicle on page 3‑42.

Vehicle Care

General Information

General Information . . . . . . . . . . 10-2
California Proposition

65 Warning . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-3

California Perchlorate

Materials Requirements . . . . 10-3

Accessories and

Modifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-3

Vehicle Checks Doing Your Own

Service Work . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-4
Hood . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-5
Engine Compartment

Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-6
Engine Cover . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-7
Engine Oil . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-8
Engine Oil Life System . . . . . 10-10
Automatic Transmission

Fluid . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-11
Engine Air Cleaner/Filter . . . . 10-11
Cooling System . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-13
Engine Coolant . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-13
Engine Overheating . . . . . . . . 10-17

Overheated Engine

Protection Operating Mode . . . . . . . . . . . 10-19
Power Steering Fluid . . . . . . . 10-19
Washer Fluid . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-20
Brakes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-21
Brake Fluid . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-22
Battery . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-23
All-Wheel Drive . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-24
Starter Switch Check . . . . . . . 10-24
Automatic Transmission Shift

Lock Control System Check . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-25

Ignition Transmission Lock

Check . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-25

Park Brake and P (Park)

Mechanism Check . . . . . . . . 10-26

Wiper Blade

Replacement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-26
Windshield Replacement . . . 10-27

Headlamp Aiming

Headlamp Aiming . . . . . . . . . . 10-28

Bulb Replacement

Bulb Replacement . . . . . . . . . . 10-28
Halogen Bulbs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-28
High Intensity Discharge

(HID) Lighting . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-28

Vehicle Care

10-1

Taillamps, Turn Signal,

Sidemarker, and Stoplamps . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-29
License Plate Lamp . . . . . . . . 10-29
Replacement Bulbs . . . . . . . . . 10-30

Electrical System

High Voltage Devices and

Wiring . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-30

Electrical System

Overload . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-30

Fuses and Circuit

Breakers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-31

Engine Compartment Fuse

Block . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-31

Instrument Panel Fuse

Block . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-34

Wheels and Tires

Tires . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-37
Tire Sidewall Labeling . . . . . . 10-37
Tire Designations . . . . . . . . . . . 10-40
Tire Terminology and

Definitions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-40
Tire Pressure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-44
Tire Pressure Monitor

System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-45

Tire Pressure Monitor

Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-46

Jump Starting

Jump Starting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-80

Towing

Towing the Vehicle . . . . . . . . . 10-84
Recreational Vehicle

Towing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-84

Appearance Care

Exterior Care . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-87
Interior Care . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-91
Floor Mats . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-94

General Information For service and parts needs, visit your dealer/retailer. You will receive genuine GM parts and GM-trained and supported service people. Genuine GM parts have one of these marks:

10-2

Vehicle Care

Tire Inspection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-50
Tire Rotation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-50
When It Is Time for New

Tires . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-51
Buying New Tires . . . . . . . . . . . 10-52
Different Size Tires and

Wheels . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-54

Uniform Tire Quality

Grading . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-54

Wheel Alignment and Tire

Balance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-56
Wheel Replacement . . . . . . . . 10-56
Tire Chains . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-57
If a Tire Goes Flat . . . . . . . . . . 10-58
Tire Sealant and

Compressor Kit . . . . . . . . . . . 10-59

Storing the Tire Sealant and

Compressor Kit . . . . . . . . . . . 10-67
Tire Changing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-67
Secondary Latch System . . . 10-77
Compact Spare Tire . . . . . . . . 10-79

California Proposition 65 Warning Most motor vehicles, including this one, contain and/or emit chemicals known to the State of California to cause cancer and birth defects or other reproductive harm. Engine exhaust, many parts and systems, many fluids, and some component wear by-products contain and/or emit these chemicals.

California Perchlorate Materials Requirements Certain types of automotive applications, such as airbag initiators, seat belt pretensioners, and lithium batteries contained in remote keyless transmitters, may contain perchlorate materials. Special handling may be necessary. For additional information, see www.dtsc.ca.gov/hazardouswaste/ perchlorate.

Vehicle Care

10-3

Accessories and Modifications Adding non‐dealer/non‐retailer accessories to the vehicle can affect vehicle performance and safety, including such things as airbags, braking, stability, ride and handling, emissions systems, aerodynamics, durability, and electronic systems like antilock brakes, traction control, and stability control. Some of these accessories could even cause malfunction or damage not covered by the vehicle warranty.

10-4

Vehicle Care

Damage to vehicle components resulting from the installation or use of non‐GM certified parts, including control module modifications, is not covered under the terms of the vehicle warranty and may affect remaining warranty coverage for affected parts. GM Accessories are designed to complement and function with other systems on the vehicle. Your GM dealer/retailer can accessorize the vehicle using genuine GM Accessories. When you go to your GM dealer/retailer and ask for GM Accessories, you will know that GM-trained and supported service technicians will perform the work using genuine GM Accessories. Also, see Adding Equipment to the Airbag-Equipped Vehicle on page 3‑42 .

Vehicle Checks

Doing Your Own Service Work

{ WARNING You can be injured and the vehicle could be damaged if you try to do service work on a vehicle without knowing enough about it.

. Be sure you have sufficient

knowledge, experience, the proper replacement parts, and tools before attempting any vehicle maintenance task.

. Be sure to use the proper

nuts, bolts, and other fasteners. English and metric fasteners can be easily confused. If the wrong fasteners are used, parts can later break or fall off. You could be hurt.

If doing some of your own service work, use the proper service manual. It tells you much more about how to service the vehicle than this manual can. To order the proper service manual, see Service Publications Ordering Information on page 13‑12. This vehicle has an airbag system. Before attempting to do your own service work, see Airbag System Check on page 3‑43. Keep a record with all parts receipts and list the mileage and the date of any service work performed. See Maintenance Records on page 11‑10.

Vehicle Care

10-5

Before closing the hood, be sure all filler caps are on properly. Pull the hood down to close. Lower the hood until the lifting pressure of the strut is reduced. Then allow the hood to fall and latch into place under its own weight. Check to make sure the hood is closed. If the hood does not fully latch, gently push the hood down at the front and center until it is completely latched.

Hood To open the hood:

1. Pull the hood release handle

with this symbol on it. It is located under the instrument panel on the driver side of the vehicle.

2. At the front of the vehicle, pull up on the bottom center of the grille, and push the secondary hood release to the left.

3. After the lid has been partially lifted, a gas strut automatically lifts and holds the hood in the fully open position.

10-6

Vehicle Care

Engine Compartment Overview

A. Radiator Pressure Cap. See

Cooling System on page 10‑13. B. Engine Coolant Recovery Cap.

See Cooling System on page 10‑13.

C. Remote Negative (−) Terminal.

See Jump Starting on page 10‑80.

D. Engine Compartment Fuse

Block on page 10‑31.

E. Remote Positive (+) Terminal.

See Jump Starting on page 10‑80.

F. Power Steering Reservoir and

Cap (under engine cover). See Power Steering Fluid on page 10‑19.

G. Engine Oil Fill Cap. See “When to Add Engine Oil” under Engine Oil on page 10‑8.

H. Engine Cover on page 10‑7. I. Engine Oil Dipstick. See

“Checking Engine Oil” under Engine Oil on page 10‑8.

J. Automatic Transmission Fluid

Dipstick. See “Checking the Fluid Level” under Automatic Transmission Fluid on page 10‑11.

K. Brake Master Cylinder

Reservoir. See “Brake Fluid” under Brakes on page 10‑21.

L. Engine Air Cleaner/Filter on

page 10‑11.

M. Windshield Washer Fluid

Reservoir. See “Adding Washer Fluid” under Washer Fluid on page 10‑20.

Vehicle Care

10-7

Engine Cover

A. Oil Fill Cap B. Engine Cover To remove: 1. Remove the oil fill cap (A). 2. Raise the engine cover (B) to

release from the retainers. 3. Lift and remove the engine

cover.

4. Reverse Steps 1 through 3 to

reinstall engine cover.

10-8

Vehicle Care

Engine Oil

When to Add Engine Oil

Checking Engine Oil It is a good idea to check the engine oil level at each fuel fill. In order to get an accurate reading, the oil must be warm and the vehicle must be on level ground. The engine oil dipstick handle is a yellow loop. See Engine Compartment Overview on page 10‑6 for the location of the engine oil dipstick. 1. Turn off the engine and give the oil several minutes to drain back into the oil pan. If this is not done, the oil dipstick might not show the actual level.

2. Pull out the dipstick and clean

it with a paper towel or cloth, then push it back in all the way. Remove it again, keeping the tip down, and check the level.

If the oil is below the cross-hatched area at the tip of the dipstick, add at least one quart/liter of the recommended oil. This section explains what kind of oil to use. For engine oil crankcase capacity, see Capacities and Specifications on page 12‑2 . Notice: Do not add too much oil. If the engine has so much oil that the oil level gets above the cross-hatched area that shows the proper operating range, the engine could be damaged.

See Engine Compartment Overview on page 10‑6 for the location of the engine oil fill cap. Add enough oil to put the level somewhere in the proper operating range in the cross-hatched area. Push the dipstick all the way back in when through.

What Kind of Engine Oil to Use Look for three things: . GM6094M

This symbol indicates that the oil has been certified by the American Petroleum Institute (API).

Use only an oil that meets GM Standard GM6094M.

. SAE 5W-30

SAE 5W-30 is best for the vehicle. These numbers on an oil container show its viscosity, or thickness. Do not use other viscosity oils such as SAE 20W-50.

. American Petroleum Institute

(API) starburst symbol

Notice: Use only engine oil identified as meeting GM Standard GM6094M and showing the American Petroleum Institute Certified For Gasoline Engines starburst symbol. Failure to use the recommended oil can result in engine damage not covered by the vehicle warranty. Cold Temperature Operation If in an area of extreme cold, where the temperature falls below −20°F (−29°C), use either an SAE 5W-30 synthetic oil or an SAE 0W-30 engine oil. Both provide

Vehicle Care

10-9

easier cold starting for the engine at extremely low temperatures. Always use an oil that meets the required specification, GM6094M. See “What Kind of Engine Oil to Use” for more information. Engine Oil Additives / Engine Oil Flushes Do not add anything to the oil. The recommended oils with the starburst symbol that meet GM standards are all that is needed for good performance and engine protection. Engine oil system flushes are not recommended and could cause engine damage not covered by the vehicle warranty.

Oils meeting these requirements should have the starburst symbol on the container.

10-10

Vehicle Care

Engine Oil Life System

When to Change Engine Oil This vehicle has a computer system that indicates when to change the engine oil and filter. This is based on engine revolutions and engine temperature, and not on mileage. Based on driving conditions, the mileage at which an oil change is indicated can vary considerably. For the oil life system to work properly, the system must be reset every time the oil is changed. When the system has calculated that oil life has been diminished, it indicates that an oil change is necessary. A “Change Engine Oil Soon” message comes on. Change the oil as soon as possible within the next 600 miles (1 000 km). It is possible that, if driving under the best conditions, the oil life system might not indicate that an oil change is necessary for over a year.

However, the engine oil and filter must be changed at least once a year and at this time the system must be reset. Your dealer/retailer has trained service people who will perform this work using genuine parts and reset the system. It is also important to check the oil regularly and keep it at the proper level. If the system is ever reset accidentally, the oil must be changed at 3,000 miles (5 000 km) since the last oil change. Remember to reset the oil life system whenever the oil is changed. How to Reset the Engine Oil Life System The Engine Oil Life System calculates when to change the engine oil and filter based on vehicle use. Whenever the oil is changed, reset the system so it can calculate when the next oil change is required. If a situation occurs

where the oil is changed prior to a “Change Engine Oil Soon” message being turned on, reset the system. To reset the Engine Oil Life System: 1. Turn the ignition to ON/RUN,

with the engine off.

2. Press the vehicle information

button until “Oil Life Remaining” displays.

3. Press and hold the set/reset

button until “100%” is displayed. Three chimes sound and the “Change Engine Oil Soon” message goes off.

4. Turn the key to LOCK/OFF. If the “Change Engine Oil Soon” message comes back on when the vehicle is started, the engine oil life system has not reset. Repeat the procedure.

What to Do with Used Oil Used engine oil contains certain elements that can be unhealthy for your skin and could even cause cancer. Do not let used oil stay on your skin for very long. Clean your skin and nails with soap and water, or a good hand cleaner. Wash or properly dispose of clothing or rags containing used engine oil. See the manufacturer's warnings about the use and disposal of oil products. Used oil can be a threat to the environment. If you change your own oil, be sure to drain all the oil from the filter before disposal. Never dispose of oil by putting it in the trash, pouring it on the ground, into sewers, or into streams or bodies of water. Recycle it by taking it to a place that collects used oil.

Automatic Transmission Fluid It is not necessary to check the transmission fluid level. A transmission fluid leak is the only reason for fluid loss. If a leak occurs, take the vehicle to the dealer/retailer and have it repaired as soon as possible. Change the fluid at the intervals listed in Scheduled Maintenance on page 11‑2 , and be sure to use the transmission fluid listed in Recommended Fluids and Lubricants on page 11‑7. Notice: Use of the incorrect automatic transmission fluid may damage the vehicle, and the damages may not be covered by the vehicle's warranty. Always use the automatic transmission fluid listed in Recommended Fluids and Lubricants on page 11‑7.

Vehicle Care

10-11

The transmission fluid will not reach the end of the dipstick unless the transmission is at operating temperature. If you need to check the transmission fluid level, please take the vehicle to your dealer/ retailer.

Engine Air Cleaner/Filter

When to Inspect the Engine Air Cleaner/Filter Inspect the air cleaner/filter at the Maintenance II intervals and replace it at the first oil change after each 80 000 km (50,000 mile) interval. See Scheduled Maintenance on page 11‑2 for more information. If you are driving in dusty/dirty conditions, inspect the filter at each engine oil change. See Engine Compartment Overview on page 10‑6 for the location of the engine air cleaner/filter.

10-12

Vehicle Care

How to Inspect the Engine Air Cleaner/Filter To inspect the air cleaner/filter, remove the filter from the vehicle and lightly shake the filter (away from vehicle) to release loose dust and dirt. If the filter remains caked with dirt, a new filter is required. To inspect or replace the engine air cleaner/filter: 1. Remove the engine cover. See

Engine Cover on page 10‑7.

2. Disconnect the cover fitting from

6. Remove the housing cover (C)

the ventilation tube (A).

with outlet duct.

3. Disconnect the wiring harness connector from the sensor (B).

7. Remove the filter (D) and any

loose debris that may be found in the base (E). Inspect or replace the filter (D).

8. 9. Reverse Steps 2 through 6 to

reinstall the housing cover and reconnect the electrical connector to the sensor.

10. Reinstall the engine cover.

See Engine Cover on page 10‑7 .

{ WARNING

Operating the engine with the air cleaner/filter off can cause you or others to be burned. The air cleaner not only cleans the air; it helps to stop flames if the engine backfires. Use caution when working on the engine and do not drive with the air cleaner/filter off.

A. Clamp B. Screws C. Housing Cover D. Filter E. Base

4. Loosen the outlet duct

clamp (A).

5. Loosen the six housing

cover (C) screws (B).

A. Ventilation Tube B. Sensor

Notice: If the air cleaner/filter is off, dirt can easily get into the engine, which could damage it. Always have the air cleaner/filter in place when you are driving.

Cooling System The cooling system allows the engine to maintain the correct working temperature.

A. Engine Coolant Recovery Tank B. Radiator Pressure Cap C. Engine Cooling Fans

{ WARNING

An electric engine cooling fan under the hood can start up even when the engine is not running and can cause injury. Keep hands, clothing, and tools away from any underhood electric fan.

{ WARNING

Heater and radiator hoses, and other engine parts, can be very hot. Do not touch them. If you do, you can be burned. Do not run the engine if there is a leak. If you run the engine, it could lose all coolant. That could cause an engine fire, and you could be burned. Get any leak fixed before you drive the vehicle.

Vehicle Care

10-13

Notice: Using coolant other than DEX-COOL® can cause premature engine, heater core, or radiator corrosion. In addition, the engine coolant could require changing sooner, at 50 000 km (30,000 miles) or 24 months, whichever occurs first. Any repairs would not be covered by the vehicle warranty. Always use DEX-COOL® (silicate-free) coolant in the vehicle.

Engine Coolant The cooling system in the vehicle is filled with DEX-COOL® engine coolant. The coolant is designed to remain in the vehicle for five years or 240 000 km (150,000 miles), whichever occurs first. The following explains the cooling system and how to check and add coolant when it is low. If there is a problem with engine overheating, see Engine Overheating on page 10‑17.

10-14

Vehicle Care

What to Use

{ WARNING Adding only plain water to the cooling system can be dangerous. Plain water, or some other liquid such as alcohol, can boil before the proper coolant mixture will. The vehicle's coolant warning system is set for the proper coolant mixture. With plain water or the wrong mixture, the engine could get too hot but you would not get the overheat warning. The engine could catch fire and you or others could be burned. Use a 50/50 mixture of clean, drinkable water and DEX-COOL® coolant.

Use a 50/50 mixture of clean, drinkable water and DEX-COOL coolant. If using this mixture, nothing else needs to be added. This mixture: . Gives freezing protection down

to −37°C (−34°F), outside temperature.

. Gives boiling protection up

to 129°C (265°F), engine temperature.

. Protects against rust and

corrosion.

. Will not damage aluminum parts. . Helps keep the proper engine

temperature.

Notice: If an improper coolant mixture is used, the engine could overheat and be badly damaged. The repair cost would not be covered by the vehicle warranty. Too much water in the mixture can freeze and crack the engine, radiator, heater core, and other parts. Notice: If extra inhibitors and/or additives are used in the vehicle's cooling system, the vehicle could be damaged. Use only the proper mixture of the engine coolant listed in this manual for the cooling system. See Recommended Fluids and Lubricants on page 11‑7 for more information.

Checking Coolant The vehicle must be on a level surface when checking the coolant level. Check to see if coolant is visible in the coolant recovery tank. If the coolant inside the coolant recovery tank is boiling, do not do anything else until it cools down. If coolant is visible but the coolant level is not at or above the FULL COLD mark, add a 50/50 mixture of clean, drinkable water and DEX-COOL coolant at the coolant recovery tank, but be sure the cooling system is cool before this is done. See Cooling System on page 10‑13 for more information.

Vehicle Care

10-15

How to Add Coolant to the Recovery Tank

{ WARNING

You can be burned if you spill coolant on hot engine parts. Coolant contains ethylene glycol and it will burn if the engine parts are hot enough. Do not spill coolant on a hot engine.

Notice: This vehicle has a specific coolant fill procedure. Failure to follow this procedure could cause the engine to overheat and be severely damaged. If coolant is needed, add the proper DEX-COOL® coolant mixture at the coolant recovery tank.

The coolant recovery tank cap has this symbol on it. When the engine is cold, the coolant level should be at or above the FULL COLD line marked on the recovery tank. When the engine is hot, the level could be higher than the FULL COLD line. If the coolant is below the FULL COLD line when the engine is hot, there could be a leak in the cooling system. If the coolant is low, add the coolant or take the vehicle to a dealer/ retailer for service.

10-16

Vehicle Care

How to Add Coolant to the Radiator

{ WARNING

An electric engine cooling fan under the hood can start up even when the engine is not running and can cause injury. Keep hands, clothing, and tools away from any underhood electric fan.

{ WARNING

Steam and scalding liquids from a hot cooling system can blow out and burn you badly. They are under pressure, and if you turn the surge tank pressure cap — even a little — they can come out at high speed. Never turn the cap when the cooling system, including the surge tank pressure cap, is hot. Wait for the

(Continued)

WARNING (Continued)

cooling system and surge tank pressure cap to cool if you ever have to turn the pressure cap.

If coolant is needed, add the proper mixture directly to the radiator, but be sure the cooling system is cool before this is done.

2. Remove the radiator pressure cap when the cooling system, including the upper radiator hose, is no longer hot. Turn the pressure cap slowly counterclockwise about one full turn. If you hear a hiss, wait for that to stop. A hiss means there is still some pressure left in the system.

3. Keep turning the pressure cap

slowly and remove it.

4. Fill the radiator to the base of the filler neck with the proper DEX-COOL coolant mixture.

5. When coolant begins to flow out

of the filler neck, reinstall the pressure cap. Be sure to secure it tightly.

1. Detach fasteners and lift off

the panel that covers the radiator cap.

Vehicle Care

10-17

Notice: If the pressure cap is not tightly installed, coolant loss and possible engine damage may occur. Be sure the cap is properly and tightly secured.

Engine Overheating The vehicle has several indicators to warn of engine overheating. There is an engine coolant temperature gauge on the instrument panel cluster. See Engine Coolant Temperature Gauge on page 5‑15. The vehicle may also display an ENGINE OVERHEATED IDLE ENGINE and ENGINE OVERHEATED STOP ENGINE message in the Driver Information Center (DIC). See Warning Lights, Gauges, and Indicators on page 5‑12 . You may decide not to lift the hood when this warning appears, but instead get service help right away. See Roadside Assistance Program on page 13‑6 .

6. Fill the coolant recovery tank to

the FULL COLD mark.

7. Reinstall the cap on the coolant

recovery tank but leave the radiator pressure cap off.

9.

8. Start the engine and let it run until the upper radiator hose feels warm. Any time during this procedure, watch out for the engine cooling fan(s). If the coolant level inside the radiator filler neck is low, add more of the proper DEX-COOL coolant mixture through the filler neck until the level is back up to the base of the filler neck. Replace the pressure cap. Be sure to secure it tightly.

10-18

Vehicle Care

If you do decide to lift the hood , make sure the vehicle is parked on a level surface. Then check to see if the engine cooling fans are running. If the engine is overheating, both fans should be running. If they are not, do not continue to run the engine and have the vehicle serviced. Notice: Engine damage from running the engine without coolant is not covered by the warranty. Notice: If the engine catches fire while driving with no coolant, the vehicle can be badly damaged. The costly repairs would not be covered by the vehicle warranty. See Overheated Engine Protection Operating Mode on page 10‑19 for information on driving to a safe place in an emergency.

If Steam Is Coming From The Engine Compartment { WARNING

Steam from an overheated engine can burn you badly, even if you just open the hood. Stay away from the engine if you see or hear steam coming from it. Turn it off and get everyone away from the vehicle until it cools down. Wait until there is no sign of steam or coolant before you open the hood. If you keep driving when the vehicles engine is overheated, the liquids in it can catch fire. You or others could be badly burned. Stop the engine if it overheats, and get out of the vehicle until the engine is cool.

(Continued)

WARNING (Continued)

See Overheated Engine Protection Operating Mode on page 10‑19 for information on driving to a safe place in an emergency.

If No Steam Is Coming From The Engine Compartment If an engine overheat warning is displayed but no steam can be seen or heard, the problem may not be too serious. Sometimes the engine can get a little too hot when the vehicle: . Climbs a long hill on a hot day. . Stops after high-speed driving. Idles for long periods in traffic. Tows a trailer.

If the overheat warning is displayed with no sign of steam: 1. Turn the air conditioning off. 2. Turn the heater on to the highest

3.

temperature and to the highest fan speed. Open the windows as necessary. If in a traffic jam, shift to N (Neutral), otherwise, shift to the highest gear while driving — D (Drive) or L (Low). If the temperature overheat gauge is no longer in the overheat zone or an overheat warning no longer displays, the vehicle can be driven. Continue to drive the vehicle slow for about 10 minutes. Keep a safe vehicle distance from the car in front of you. If the warning does not come back on, continue to drive normally. If the warning continues, pull over, stop, and park the vehicle right away.

If there is no sign of steam, idle the engine for three minutes while parked. If the warning is still displayed, turn off the engine until it cools down. Also, see “Overheated Engine Protection Operating Mode” next in this section.

Overheated Engine Protection Operating Mode This emergency operating mode lets the vehicle be driven to a safe place in an emergency situation. If an overheated engine condition exists, an overheat protection mode which alternates firing groups of cylinders helps prevent engine damage. In this mode, there is a significant loss in power and engine performance. The temperature gauge indicates an overheat condition exists. Driving extended distances and/or towing a trailer in the overheat protection mode should be avoided.

Vehicle Care

10-19

Notice: After driving in the overheated engine protection operating mode, to avoid engine damage, allow the engine to cool before attempting any repair. The engine oil will be severely degraded. Repair the cause of coolant loss, change the oil and reset the oil life system. See Engine Oil on page 10‑8.

Power Steering Fluid

The power steering fluid reservoir is located under the engine cover on the passenger side of the vehicle. See Engine Compartment Overview on page 10‑6 for reservoir location.

10-20

Vehicle Care

When to Check Power Steering Fluid It is not necessary to regularly check power steering fluid unless you suspect there is a leak in the system or you hear an unusual noise. A fluid loss in this system could indicate a problem. Have the system inspected and repaired. How to Check Power Steering Fluid To check the power steering fluid: 1. Turn the key off and let the

engine compartment cool down.

2. Remove the engine cover.

See Engine Cover on page 10‑7 .

3. Wipe the cap and the top of the

reservoir clean.

4. Unscrew the cap and wipe the

dipstick with a clean rag.

5. Replace the cap and completely

tighten it.

6. Remove the cap again and look at the fluid level on the dipstick.

The fluid level should be somewhere between MAX and MIN line on the dipstick in room temperature. If the fluid is on or below MIN line, you should add fluid close to MAX Line. What to Use To determine what kind of fluid to use, see Recommended Fluids and Lubricants on page 11‑7 . Always use the proper fluid. Notice: Use of the incorrect fluid may damage the vehicle and the damages may not be covered by the vehicle's warranty. Always use the correct fluid listed in Recommended Fluids and Lubricants on page 11‑7.

Washer Fluid

What to Use When adding windshield washer fluid, be sure to read the manufacturer's instructions before use. If the vehicle will be operating in an area where the temperature may fall below freezing, use a fluid that has sufficient protection against freezing. Adding Washer Fluid When the windshield washer fluid reservoir is low, a WASHER FLUID LOW ADD FLUID message will be displayed on the Driver Information Center (DIC). See Washer Fluid Messages on page 5‑39 for more information.

. Fill the washer fluid tank only

three-quarters full when it is very cold. This allows for fluid expansion if freezing occurs, which could damage the tank if it is completely full.

. Do not use engine coolant

(antifreeze) in the windshield washer. It can damage the vehicle's windshield washer system and paint.

Brakes This vehicle has disc brakes. Disc brake pads have built-in wear indicators that make a high-pitched warning sound when the brake pads are worn and new pads are needed. The sound can come and go or be heard all the time the vehicle is moving, except when applying the brake pedal firmly.

Vehicle Care

10-21

{ WARNING

The brake wear warning sound means that soon the brakes will not work well. That could lead to an accident. When the brake wear warning sound is heard, have the vehicle serviced.

Notice: Continuing to drive with worn-out brake pads could result in costly brake repair. Some driving conditions or climates can cause a brake squeal when the brakes are first applied or lightly applied. This does not mean something is wrong with the brakes. Properly torqued wheel nuts are necessary to help prevent brake pulsation. When tires are rotated, inspect brake pads for wear and evenly tighten wheel nuts in the proper sequence to torque specifications in Capacities and Specifications on page 12‑2.

Open the cap with the washer symbol on it. Add washer fluid until the tank is full. See Engine Compartment Overview on page 10‑6 for reservoir location. Notice:

. When using concentrated

washer fluid, follow the manufacturer's instructions for adding water.

. Do not mix water with

ready-to-use washer fluid. Water can cause the solution to freeze and damage the washer fluid tank and other parts of the washer system. Also, water does not clean as well as washer fluid.

10-22

Vehicle Care

Brake linings should always be replaced as complete axle sets. Brake Pedal Travel See your dealer/retailer if the brake pedal does not return to normal height, or if there is a rapid increase in pedal travel. This could be a sign that brake service might be required. Brake Adjustment Every time the brakes are applied, with or without the vehicle moving, the brakes adjust for wear. Replacing Brake System Parts The braking system on a vehicle is complex. Its many parts have to be of top quality and work well together if the vehicle is to have really good braking. The vehicle was designed and tested with top-quality brake parts. When parts of the braking system are replaced, be sure to get

new, approved replacement parts. If this is not done, the brakes might not work properly. For example, installing disc brake pads that are wrong for the vehicle, can change the balance between the front and rear brakes — for the worse. The braking performance expected can change in many other ways if the wrong replacement brake parts are installed.

Brake Fluid

The brake master cylinder reservoir is filled with DOT 3 brake fluid as indicated on the reservoir cap. See Engine Compartment Overview on page 10‑6 for the location of the reservoir.

There are only two reasons why the brake fluid level in the reservoir might go down:

The brake fluid level goes down because of normal brake lining wear. When new linings are installed, the fluid level goes back up.

. A fluid leak in the brake

hydraulic system can also cause a low fluid level. Have the brake hydraulic system fixed, since a leak means that sooner or later the brakes will not work well.

Do not top off the brake fluid. Adding fluid does not correct a leak. If fluid is added when the linings are worn, there will be too much fluid when new brake linings are installed. Add or remove brake fluid, as necessary, only when work is done on the brake hydraulic system.

{ WARNING

{ WARNING

If too much brake fluid is added, it can spill on the engine and burn, if the engine is hot enough. You or others could be burned, and the vehicle could be damaged. Add brake fluid only when work is done on the brake hydraulic system.

When the brake fluid falls to a low level, the brake warning light comes on. See Brake System Warning Light on page 5‑21.

What to Add Use only new DOT 3 brake fluid from a sealed container. See Recommended Fluids and Lubricants on page 11‑7. Always clean the brake fluid reservoir cap and the area around the cap before removing it. This helps keep dirt from entering the reservoir.

With the wrong kind of fluid in the brake hydraulic system, the brakes might not work well. This could cause a crash. Always use the proper brake fluid.

Notice:

. Using the wrong fluid

can badly damage brake hydraulic system parts. For example, just a few drops of mineral-based oil, such as engine oil, in the brake hydraulic system can damage brake hydraulic system parts so badly that they will have to be replaced. Do not let someone put in the wrong kind of fluid.

Vehicle Care

10-23

If brake fluid is spilled on the vehicle's painted surfaces, the paint finish can be damaged. Be careful not to spill brake fluid on the vehicle. If you do, wash it off immediately.

Battery Refer to the replacement number on the original battery label when a new battery is needed.

{ DANGER

Battery posts, terminals, and related accessories contain lead and lead compounds, chemicals known to the State of California to cause cancer and reproductive harm. Wash hands after handling.

10-24

Vehicle Care

Vehicle Storage

{ WARNING

Batteries have acid that can burn you and gas that can explode. You can be badly hurt if you are not careful. See Jump Starting on page 10‑80 for tips on working around a battery without getting hurt.

Infrequent Usage: Remove the black, negative (−) cable from the battery to keep the battery from running down. Extended Storage: Remove the black, negative (−) cable from the battery or use a battery trickle charger.

All-Wheel Drive It is not necessary to check the all–wheel drive lubricant levels. A fluid leak is the only reason for fluid loss. If a leak occurs, take the vehicle to the dealer/retailer as soon as possible.

Starter Switch Check

{ WARNING When you are doing this inspection, the vehicle could move suddenly. If the vehicle moves, you or others could be injured.

1. Before starting this check, be

sure there is enough room around the vehicle.

2. Firmly apply both the parking brake and the regular brake. See Parking Brake on page 9‑29 . Do not use the accelerator pedal, and be ready to turn off the engine immediately if it starts.

3. Try to start the engine in each gear. The vehicle should start only in P (Park) or N (Neutral). If the vehicle starts in any other position, contact your dealer/ retailer for service.

Vehicle Care

10-25

Automatic Transmission Shift Lock Control System Check

{ WARNING When you are doing this inspection, the vehicle could move suddenly. If the vehicle moves, you or others could be injured.

1. Before starting this check, be

sure there is enough room around the vehicle. It should be parked on a level surface.

2. Firmly apply the parking

brake. See Parking Brake on page 9‑29 . Be ready to apply the regular brake immediately if the vehicle begins to move.

3. With the engine off, turn the ignition to ON/RUN, but do not start the engine. Without applying the regular brake, try to move the shift lever out of P (Park) with normal effort. If the shift lever moves out of P (Park), contact your dealer/retailer for service.

Ignition Transmission Lock Check While parked, and with the parking brake set, try to turn the ignition to LOCK/OFF in each shift lever position.

The ignition should turn to LOCK/OFF only when the shift lever is in P (Park). The ignition key should come out only in LOCK/OFF.

Contact your dealer/retailer if service is required.

10-26

Vehicle Care

Park Brake and P (Park) Mechanism Check { WARNING

When you are doing this check, the vehicle could begin to move. You or others could be injured and property could be damaged. Make sure there is room in front of the vehicle in case it begins to roll. Be ready to apply the regular brake at once should the vehicle begin to move.

Wiper Blade Replacement Windshield wiper blades should be inspected for wear or cracking. See Scheduled Maintenance on page 11‑2 for more information. Replacement blades come in different types and are removed in different ways. To replace the wiper blade assembly: 1. Pull the windshield wiper arm

away from the windshield.

Park on a fairly steep hill, with the vehicle facing downhill. Keeping your foot on the regular brake, set the parking brake.

To check the parking brake's holding ability: With the engine running and the transmission in N (Neutral), slowly remove foot pressure from the regular brake pedal. Do this until the vehicle is held by the parking brake only. To check the P (Park) mechanism's holding ability: With the engine running, shift to P (Park). Then release the parking brake followed by the regular brake.

Contact your dealer/retailer if service is required.

Backglass Wiper Blade To replace the backglass wiper blade: 1. Pull the wiper blade assembly

away from the backglass. The backglass wiper blade will not lock in a vertical position so care should be used when pulling it away from the vehicle.

2. Rotate the wiper blade

assembly, hold the wiper arm in position, and push the blade away from the wiper arm.

Vehicle Care

10-27

3. Replace the wiper blade. 4. Return the wiper arm and blade assembly to the rest position on the glass.

Windshield Replacement Your vehicle is equipped with an acoustic windshield. If you ever have to have your windshield replaced be sure to get an acoustic windshield so you will continue to have the benefits an acoustic windshield can provide.

2. Press the button in the middle of the wiper arm connector and pull the wiper blade away from the arm connector. Install the new wiper blade and make sure the wiper blade locks into place.

3.

For the proper size and type see Maintenance Replacement Parts on page 11‑9 .

10-28

Vehicle Care

Headlamp Aiming Headlamp aim has been preset at the factory and should need no further adjustment. However, if your vehicle is damaged in a crash, the headlamp aim may be affected. Aim adjustment to the low-beam headlamps may be necessary if oncoming drivers flash their high-beam headlamps at you (for vertical aim). If the headlamps need to be re-aimed, it is recommended that you take the vehicle to your dealer/ retailer for service.

Bulb Replacement For the proper type of replacement bulbs, see Replacement Bulbs on page 10‑30. For any bulb changing procedure not listed in this section, contact your dealer/retailer.

Halogen Bulbs

{ WARNING

Halogen bulbs have pressurized gas inside and can burst if you drop or scratch the bulb. You or others could be injured. Be sure to read and follow the instructions on the bulb package.

High Intensity Discharge (HID) Lighting

{ WARNING

The low beam high intensity discharge lighting system operates at a very high voltage. If you try to service any of the system components, you could be seriously injured. Have your dealer/retailer or a qualified technician service them.

The up‐level vehicle has HID headlamps. The park lamp function is also a function of the HID headlamp. After an HID headlamp bulb has been replaced, the beam might be a slightly different shade than it was originally. This is normal.

3. Remove the two hex nuts

holding the taillamp assembly in place.

4. Pull out the taillamp assembly. 5. Turn the bulb socket

counterclockwise and pull it straight out to remove it.

6. Replace the bulb. 7. Reverse steps 3 through 5 to

reinstall the taillamp assembly. When reinstalling the taillamp assembly, the pin on the taillamp assembly must line up and be inserted correctly into the opening.

8. Replace the black cuff over the lamp assembly by pushing into snap tabs.

Taillamps, Turn Signal, Sidemarker, and Stoplamps

A. Taillamp B. Sidemarker Lamp To replace one of these bulbs: 1. Open the liftgate. See Liftgate

on page 2‑9 .

2. Remove the black cuff from

the lamp assembly by pulling rearward from top to unfasten from snap tabs.

Vehicle Care

10-29

License Plate Lamp To replace one of these bulbs: 1. Remove the two screws holding each of the license plate lamps to the liftgate trim.

2. Turn and pull the license plate

lamp forward through the lift gate trim opening.

10-30

Vehicle Care

3. Turn the bulb socket

counterclockwise and pull the bulb straight out of the socket. Install the new bulb.

4. 5. Reverse steps 1 through 3 to

reinstall the license plate lamp.

Replacement Bulbs

Exterior Lamp

License Plate Lamp Rear Sidemarker Lamp Rear Turn Signal and Taillamps

Bulb

Number

194

194

7443

(W21/5W)

For replacement bulbs not listed here, contact your dealer/retailer.

Electrical System

High Voltage Devices and Wiring

{ WARNING

Exposure to high voltage can cause shock, burns, and even death. The high voltage systems in your vehicle can only be serviced by technicians with special training. High voltage devices are identified by labels. Do not remove, open, take apart, or modify these devices. High voltage cable or wiring has orange covering. Do not probe, tamper with, cut, or modify high voltage cable or wiring.

Electrical System Overload The vehicle has fuses and circuit breakers to protect against an electrical system overload. When the current electrical load is too heavy, the circuit breaker opens and closes, protecting the circuit until the current load returns to normal or the problem is fixed. This greatly reduces the chance of circuit overload and fire caused by electrical problems. Fuses and circuit breakers protect the following in the vehicle: . Headlamp Wiring . Windshield Wiper Motor . Power Windows and other

Power Accessories

Headlamp Wiring An electrical overload may cause the lamps to go on and off, or in some cases to remain off. Have the headlamp wiring checked right away if the lamps go on and off or remain off. Windshield Wipers If the wiper motor overheats due to heavy snow or ice, the windshield wipers will stop until the motor cools and will then restart. Although the circuit is protected from electrical overload, overload due to heavy snow or ice, may cause wiper linkage damage. Always clear ice and heavy snow from the windshield before using the windshield wipers. If the overload is caused by an electrical problem and not snow or ice, be sure to get it fixed.

Fuses and Circuit Breakers The wiring circuits in your vehicle are protected from short circuits by a combination of fuses, circuit breakers and fusible thermal links. This greatly reduces the chance of fires caused by electrical problems. Look at the silver-colored band inside the fuse. If the band is broken or melted, replace the fuse. Be sure you replace a bad fuse with a new one of the identical size and rating. Fuses of the same amperage can be temporarily borrowed from another fuse location, if a fuse goes out. Replace the fuse as soon as you can.

Engine Compartment Fuse Block The underhood fuse block is located in the engine compartment, on the passenger side of the vehicle.

Vehicle Care

10-31

Lift the cover for access to the fuse/ relay block. Notice: Spilling liquid on any electrical components on the vehicle may damage it. Always keep the covers on any electrical component. To remove fuses, hold the end of the fuse between your thumb and index finger and pull straight out.

10-32

Vehicle Care

Fuses

Usage

A/C CLUTCH

ABS MTR

AFS

Air Conditioning Clutch Antilock Braking System (ABS) Motor Adaptive Forward Lighting System

Fuses BATT 1
BATT 2
BATT 3

ECM

ECM 1

Usage

Battery 1
Battery 2
Battery 3
Engine Control Module Engine Control Module 1

EMISSION 1 Emission 1
EMISSION 2 Emission 2
EVEN COILS Even Injector Coils

FAN 1
FAN 2

Cooling Fan 1
Cooling Fan 2

FOG LAMP Fog Lamps

FSCM

HORN

HTD MIR

Fuel System Control Module Horn Heated Outside Rearview Mirror

Usage

Fuses AIRBAG

Airbag System AUX POWER Auxiliary Power

AUX

VAC PUMP

AWD

Auxiliary Vacuum Pump All-Wheel-Drive System

Vehicle Care

10-33

Usage

Fuses

Usage

Fuses

Usage

HVAC BLWR

LT HI BEAM

LT LO BEAM

LT PRK

LT TRLR STOP/TRN

Heating, Ventilation and Air Conditioning Blower Left High-Beam Headlamp Left Low‐Beam Headlamp Left Parking Lamp Trailer Left Stoplamp and Turn Signal

ODD COILS Odd Injector Coils Powertrain Control Module Ignition PWR L/GATE Power Liftgate

PCM IGN

RR DEFOG Rear Defogger

Fuses REAR

CAMERA

RR APO

RR HVAC

RT HI BEAM

RT LO BEAM

RT PRK

RT TRLR STOP/TRN

Rear Camera

Rear Accessory Power Outlet

Rear Climate Control System Right High‐Beam Headlamp Right Low‐Beam Headlamp Right Parking Lamp Trailer Right Stoplamp and Turn Signal Regulated Voltage Control Sensor

PWR

OUTLET

Power Outlet

RVC SNSR

S/ROOF/

SUNSHADE

Sunroof

SERVICE SPARE

Stop Lamps (China Only)

STRTR