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—From front
—From rear
40h014
—From rear
40h015
(b) Using flat bed truck
(b) Using flat bed truck
Two−wheel drive models
Four−wheel drive models
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dealer
Toyota
from a
If towing is necessary, we recommend you to have it done by your Toyota dealer or a commercial tow truck ser- vice. In consultation with them, have your vehicle towed using either (a) or (b). Only when you cannot receive a towing service or commercial tow truck service, tow your vehicle carefully in accordance with the instructions given in “—Emergency towing” on page 216. Proper equipment will help ensure that your vehicle is not damaged while being towed. Commercial operators are generally aware of the state/provincial and local laws pertaining to towing. Your vehicle can be damaged if is towed incorrectly. Although most operators know the correct procedure, it is possible to make a mistake. To avoid damage to your vehicle, make sure the following pre- cautions are observed. If necessary, show this page to the tow truck driver.
it
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From rear— Place the ignition key in the “ACC” posi- tion.
NOTICE
z When lifting wheels,
take care to ensure adequate ground clearance the opposite end of for towing at the raised vehicle. Otherwise, the bumper and/or underbody of the towed vehicle will be damaged dur- ing towing.
z Do not tow with the key removed or in the “LOCK” position when tow- ing from the rear without a towing dolly. The steering lock mechanism is not strong enough to hold the front wheels straight.
(b) Using flat bed truck
TOWING PRECAUTIONS: Use a safety chain system for all towing, and abide by the state/provincial and local laws. The wheels and axle on the ground If must be in good condition. they are damaged, use a towing dolly. Two−wheel drive models— (a) Towing with wheel From front— D Manual
lift type truck
transmission:
We recommend using a towing dolly under the rear wheels. If you do not use a towing dolly, release the parking brake and put the transmission in neu- tral.
D Automatic transmission:
Use a towing dolly under wheels.
the rear
NOTICE
Never tow a vehicle with an automatic transmission from the front with the rear wheels on the ground, as this may cause serious damage to the transmission.
Four−wheel drive models— (a) Towing with wheel From front— D Manual
transmission:
lift type truck
We recommend using a towing dolly under the rear wheels. If you do not use a towing dolly, release the parking brake, put the transmission in neutral and set
the transfer in “H2”.
D Automatic transmission:
Use a towing dolly under wheels.
the rear
NOTICE
Never tow a vehicle with an automatic transmission from the front with the rear wheels on the ground, as this may cause serious damage to the transmission.
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—Emergency towing
From rear— Use a towing dolly under wheels.
NOTICE
the front
(c) Towing with sling type
truck
z When lifting wheels,
take care to ensure adequate ground clearance for towing at the opposite end of the raised vehicle. Otherwise the bumper and/or underbody of the towed vehicle will be damaged dur- ing towing.
z Never tow a vehicle from the rear front wheels on the with the ground, as this may cause serious damage to the differential.
(b) Using flat bed truck
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40h016
40h007
All models— (c) Towing with sling type truck
NOTICE
Do not tow with sling type truck, ei- ther from the front or rear. This may cause body damage.
If towing is necessary, we recommend you to have it done by your Toyota dealer or a commercial tow truck ser- vice. If towing service is not available in an emergency, your vehicle may be tempo- rarily towed by a cable or chain se- cured to one of the emergency towing eyelets under the front of the vehicle. Use extreme caution when towing the vehicle.
NOTICE
Only use specified towing eyelet; otherwise your vehicle may be dam- aged.
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(automatic) and set
Before towing, release the parking brake, put the transmission in neutral (manual) or “N” in “H2” mode (four−wheel drive models). The key must be in “ACC” (engine off) or “ON” (engine running).
the transfer
CAUTION
If the engine is not running, the pow- er assist for the brakes and steering will not work so steering and braking will be much harder than usual.
A driver must be in the vehicle to steer it and operate the brakes. Towing in this manner may be done only on hard−surfaced roads for a short dis- tance and at the wheels, axles, drive train, steering and brakes must all be in good condition.
low speeds. Also,
CAUTION
Use extreme caution when towing ve- hicles. Avoid sudden starts or erratic driving maneuvers which would place excessive stress on the emergency towing eyelet and towing cable or chain. The eyelet and towing cable or chain may break and cause serious injury or damage.
NOTICE
z Do not use the front eyelets other than emergency towing eyelets. They are not designed for towing. z Use only a cable or chain specifi- cally intended for use in towing ve- hicles. Securely fasten the cable or chain to the towing eyelet provided.
eyelet
towing
—Emergency precautions D Before emergency towing, check that the eyelet is not broken or damage and that the installation bolts are not loose. D Fasten the towing cable or chain se-
curely to the eyelet.
D Do not
jerk the eyelet. Apply steady
and even force.
D To avoid damaging the eyelet, do not from the side or at a vertical
pull angle. Always pull straight ahead.
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—Tips for towing a stuck vehicle The following methods are effective to use when your vehicle is stuck in the mud, sand or other condition from which the vehicle cannot be driven out under its own power. Use extreme cau- tion when towing the vehicle. In addi- tion, keep away from the vehicles and towing cable or chain when towing. D Remove the sand and soil the tires.
and the back of
in the front
D Place stones or wood under the tires.
CAUTION
the emergency towing eyelet
If is used to get out when your vehicle becomes stuck in mud, sand or other condition from which the vehicle can- not be driven out under its own pow- er, make sure to observe the precau- tions mentioned below. Otherwise, ex- cessive stress will be put on the eye- let and the towing cable or chain may break, causing serious injury or da- mage. D If
the towing vehicle can hardly move, do not forcibly continue the towing. Contact your Toyota dealer or a commercial tow truck service for assistance.
D Tow the vehicle as straight ahead
as possible.
D Keep away from the vehicle during
towing.
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If you cannot shift automatic transmission selector lever
40h034
If you cannot move the selector lever out of the “P” position to other posi- tions even though the brake pedal is depressed, use the “SHIFT LOCK” but- ton as follows: 1. Turn the ignition key to the “LOCK” position. Make sure the parking brake is applied.
2. Push the “SHIFT LOCK” button. You the “P” position
can move out of only while pushing the button.
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Be sure to have the system checked by your Toyota dealer as soon as possible.
3. Shift into the “N” position. 4. Start
the engine. For your safety,
keep the brake pedal depressed.
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If you lose your keys You can purchase a new key at your Toyota dealer if you can give them the key number and master key. Even if you lose only one key, contact your Toyota dealer to make a new key. If you lose all your master keys, you cannot make new keys; the whole engine immobi- lizer system must be replaced. See the suggestion given in “Keys” on page 10. Wireless remote control key— You can use the wireless remote control system with the new key. Contact your Toyota dealer for detailed information. If your keys are locked in the vehicle and you cannot get a duplicate, many Toyota dealers can still open the door for you, using their special If you must break a window to get in, we suggest breaking the smallest side window be- cause it is the least expensive to replace. Be extremely cautious to avoid cuts from the glass.
tools.
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SECTION 5
CORROSION PREVENTION AND APPEARANCE CARE Protecting your Toyota from corrosion Washing and waxing your Toyota Cleaning the interior
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
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223
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Protecting your Toyota from corrosion Toyota, through the diligent research, de- sign and use of the most advanced technology available, helps prevent corro- sion and provides you with the finest qual- ity vehicle construction. Now, is up to you. Proper care of your Toyota can help ensure long−term corrosion prevention. The most common causes of corrosion to your vehicle are: D The accumulation of road salt, dirt and moisture in hard−to−reach areas under the vehicle.
it
D Chipping of paint, or undercoating caused by minor accidents or by stones and gravel.
Care is especially important if you live in particular areas or operate your ve- hicle under certain environmental condi- tions: D Road salt or dust control chemicals will the pres- accelerate corrosion, as will ence of salt in the air near the sea− coast or in areas of industrial pollution. D High humidity accelerates corrosion es- pecially when temperatures range just above the freezing point.
D Wetness or dampness to certain parts of your vehicle for an extended period of time, may cause corrosion even though other parts of the vehicle may be dry.
D High ambient
temperatures can cause corrosion to those components of the vehicle which do not dry quickly due to lack of proper ventilation.
The above signifies the necessity to keep your vehicle, particularly the underside, as clean as possible and to repair any dam- age to paint or protective coatings as soon as possible.
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It
To help prevent corrosion on your Toyota, follow these guidelines: is, of Wash your vehicle frequently. course, necessary to keep your vehicle clean by regular washing, but to prevent corrosion, the following points should be observed: D If you drive on salted roads in the winter or the ocean, you should hose off the undercarriage at least once a month to minimize cor- rosion.
if you live near
the mud and dirt.
D High pressure water or steam is effec- tive for cleaning the vehicle’s underside and wheel housings. Pay particular attention to these areas as it is difficult to see all It will do more harm than good to simply wet the mud and debris without removing. The lower edge of doors, rocker panels and frame members have drain holes which should not be allowed to clog with dirt as trapped water in these areas can cause corrosion.
D Wash the underside of the vehicle thor-
oughly when winter is over.
See “Washing and waxing your Toyota” on page 223 for more tips.
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If
Check the condition of your vehicle’s If you find any chips or paint and trim. scratches in the paint, touch them up im- mediately to prevent corrosion from start- ing. the chips or scratches have gone through the bare metal, have a qualified body shop make the repair. Check the interior of your vehicle. Wa- ter and dirt can accumulate under the floor mats and could cause corrosion. Oc- casionally check under the mats to make sure the area is dry. Be particularly care- ful when transporting chemicals, cleans- ers, fertilizers, salt, etc.; these should be transported in proper containers. If a spill or immediately clean and dry the area.
leak should occur,
Use mud shields on your wheels. If you drive on salted or gravel roads, mud shields help protect your vehicle. Full−size shields, which come as near to the ground as possible, are the best. We recommend that the fittings and the area where the shields are installed be treated to resist corrosion. Your Toyota dealer will be happy to assist in supplying and installing the shields if they are recommended for your area. Keep your vehicle in a well ventilated garage or a roofed place. Do not park your vehicle in a damp, poorly venti- lated garage. If you wash your vehicle in the garage, or if you drive it covered with water or snow, your garage may be so damp as to cause corrosion. Even if your garage is heated, a wet vehicle can cor- rode if
the ventilation is poor.
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Washing and waxing your Toyota Washing your Toyota Keep your vehicle clean by regular washing. The following cases may cause weakness to the paint or corrosion to the body and parts. Wash your vehicle as soon as pos- sible. D When driving in a coastal area D When driving on a road sprinkled with
antifreeze
tar,
D When exposed to coal
tree sap, bird droppings and carcass of an insect D When driving in areas where there is a lot of smoke, soot, dust, iron dust or chemical substances
D When the vehicle becomes remarkably
dirty with dust and mud
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Hand−washing your Toyota Work in the shade and wait until the vehicle body is not warm to the touch.
CAUTION
D When cleaning under floor or chas- to injure your
sis, be careful not hands.
D Exhaust gases cause the exhaust pipe to become quite hot. When washing the vehicle, be careful not to touch the pipe until it has cooled sufficiently, as touching a hot ex- haust pipe can cause burns.
1. Rinse off
loose dirt with a hose. Re- from the the vehicle or the wheel
road salt
move any mud or underside of wells.
2. Wash with a mild car−wash soap, mixed according to the manufacturer’s instructions. Use a soft cotton mitt and keep it wet by dipping it frequently into the wash water. Do not rub hard—let the soap and water remove the dirt.
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Plastic wheel ornaments: The plastic wheel ornaments are damaged easily by organic substances. If any organic sub- stances splash an ornament, be sure to wash them off with water and check if the ornament Aluminum wheels: Use only a mild soap or neutral detergent.
is damaged.
NOTICE
z Do not use corrosive chemical− based cleaners on your wheels. (Example: hydrofluoric acid)
z Do not use steam cleaners or the chemicals therein to clean your wheels.
z Do not use scouring pads, wire brushes, or coarse abrasives to clean your wheels.
z Do not use alcohol, solvents, gaso- line, or other non−neutral deter- gents, because they may alter the wheel’s appearance and resistance to corrosion.
the lights.
Plastic bumpers: Wash carefully. Do not scrub with abrasive cleaners. The bumper faces are soft. Exterior lights: Wash carefully. Do not use organic substances or scrub them with a hard brush. This may damage the sur- faces of Road tar: Remove with turpentine or cleaners that are marked safe for painted surfaces. 3. Rinse
can cause streaking. In hot weather you may need to rinse each section right after you wash it.
thoroughly—dried
soap
4. To prevent water spots, dry the vehicle using a clean soft cotton towel. Do not rub or press hard—you might scratch the paint.
NOTICE
z Do not use organic substances (gasoline, kerosene, benzine or strong solvents), which may be tox- ic or cause damage.
z Do not scrub any part of
the ve- hicle with a hard brush, which may cause damage.
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that
remember
Automatic car wash Your vehicle may be washed in an auto- matic car wash, but the paint can be scratched by some types of brushes, unfiltered washing water, or the washing process itself. Scratching reduces paint durability and gloss, especially on darker colors. The manager of the car wash should be able to advise you wheth- er the paint on your vehicle.
the process is safe for
NOTICE
To prevent damage to the antenna, make sure it is retracted before driv- ing through an automatic car wash.
Waxing your Toyota Polishing and waxing is recommended to maintain the original beauty of your Toyota’s finish. Apply wax once a month or if the vehicle surface does not repel water well. 1. Always wash and dry the vehicle be- fore you begin waxing, even if you are using a combined cleaner and wax. 2. Use a good quality polish and wax.
If the finish has become extremely weath- ered, use a car−cleaning polish, fol- lowed by a separate wax. Carefully fol- low the manufacturer’s instructions and precautions. Be sure to polish and wax the chrome trim as well as the paint. Windshield washer nozzles: Make sure the nozzles do not become blocked that when waxing. becomes blocked, contact your Toyota dealer to have the vehicle serviced.
nozzle
If
NOTICE
If a nozzle becomes blocked, do not try to clear it with a pin or other object. The nozzle will be damaged.
Exterior lights: Do not apply wax on the surfaces of the lights. Wax may cause damage to the lenses. If you accidentally put wax on the light surfaces, wipe or wash it off. 3. Wax the vehicle again when water does not bead but remains on the sur- face in large patches.
Touch−up paint Touch−up paint may be used to cover small chips or scratches. the damage Apply the paint soon after occurs or corrosion may set in. To do a good job, use a small artist’s brush and stir the paint well. Make sure the area is clean and dry. To apply the touch−up paint so it the trick is to apply it only to the bare spots. Apply only the smallest amount possible and do not paint the surface around the scratch or chip.
is hardly noticeable,
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Cleaning the interior
CAUTION
Do not wash the vehicle floor with water, or allow water to get onto the floor when cleaning the vehicle interi- or or exterior. Water may get into audio components or other electrical components above or under the ve- hicle carpet (or floor mat) and cause a malfunction; and it may cause body corrosion.
interior
Vinyl The vinyl upholstery may be easily cleaned with a mild soap or detergent and water. First vacuum over the upholstery to re- move loose dirt. Then, using a sponge or soft cloth, apply the soap solution to the vinyl. After allowing it to soak in for a few minutes to loosen the dirt, remove the dirt and wipe off the soap with a clean damp cloth. the dirt do not come off, re- peat the procedure. Commercial foaming− type vinyl cleaners are also available which work well. Follow the manufacturer’s instructions.
If all
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NOTICE
NOTICE
Do not use solvent, thinner, gasoline or window cleaner on the interior.
z Do not use dye or bleach on the
belts—it may weaken them.
Carpets Use a good foam−type shampoo to clean the carpets. Begin by vacuuming thoroughly to remove as much dirt as possible. Several types of foam cleaners are available; some are in aerosol cans and others are powders or liquids which you mix with water to pro- duce a foam. To shampoo the carpets, use a sponge or brush to apply the foam. Rub in overlapping circles. Do not apply water—the best results are obtained by keeping the carpet as dry as possible. Read the shampoo instructions and follow them closely. Seat belts The seat belts may be cleaned with mild soap and water or with lukewarm water. Use a cloth or sponge. As you are clean- ing, check the belts for excessive wear, fraying, or cuts.
z Do not use the belts until they be-
come dry.
Windows The windows may be cleaned with any household window cleaner.
NOTICE
When cleaning the inside of the rear window, be careful not to scratch or damage the heater wires or connec- tors.
Air conditioning control panel, audio system, instrument panel, console pan- el, and switches Use a soft damp cloth for cleaning. Soak a clean soft cloth in water or luke- warm water then lightly wipe off dirt.
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NOTICE
z Do not use organic substances (sol- vents, kerosene, alcohol, gasoline, etc.) or alkaline or acidic solutions. These chemicals can cause discol- oring, staining or peeling of the surface.
z If you use cleaners or polishing agents, make sure their ingredients do not include the substances men- tioned above.
z If you use a liquid car freshener, do not spill the liquid onto the ve- hicle’s interior surfaces. It may con- ingredients mentioned tain above. Immediately clean any spill using the method mentioned above.
the
Leather interior The leather upholstery may be cleaned with neutral detergent for wool. Remove dirt using a soft cloth dampened with 5% solution of neutral detergent for wool. Then thoroughly wipe off all traces of detergent with a clean damp cloth. After cleaning or whenever any part of the leather gets wet, dry with a soft clean cloth. Allow the leather to dry in a venti- lated shaded area.
NOTICE
z If a stain should fail to come out with a neutral detergent, apply a cleaner that does not contain an organic solvent.
z Never use organic substances such as benzine, alcohol or gasoline, or alkaline or acid solutions for clean- ing the leather as these could cause discoloring.
z Use of a nylon brush or synthetic fiber cloth, etc. may scratch the fine grained surface of the leather.
z Mildew may develop on soiled leath- er upholstery. Be especially careful to avoid oil spots. Try to keep your upholstery always clean.
z Long exposure to direct sunlight may cause the leather surface to harden and shrink. Keep your ve- hicle in a shaded area, especially in the summer.
z The interior of your vehicle is apt to heat up on hot summer days, so avoid placing on the upholstery items made of vinyl or plastic or containing wax as these tend to stick to leather when warm.
z Improper cleaning of the leather up- in discolor-
holstery could result ation or staining.
the If you have any questions about cleaning of your Toyota, your local Toyota dealer will be pleased to answer them.
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SECTION 6
MAINTENANCE REQUIREMENTS Maintenance facts Does your vehicle need repairing?
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
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Maintenance facts
Your Toyota has been designed for eco- nomical driving and economical mainte- nance. Many formerly required mainte- nance items are no longer required or are not required as often. To make sure your vehicle runs at peak efficiency, follow the maintenance schedule. For full details of your maintenance schedule, read the separate “Warranty and Service Booklet”.
Regular maintenance is essential. We urge you to protect your new vehicle by having your Toyota serviced according to the maintenance schedule given on the following pages. Regular maintenance will aid: D Good fuel economy D Long vehicle life D Driving enjoyment D Safety D Reliability D Warranty coverage D Compliance with government
regulations
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are
technicians
Where to go for service? It makes good sense to take your vehicle to your local Toyota dealer for service. Toyota well−trained specialists. And they are receiving the latest service information through technical bulletins, service tips, and in−dealership training programs. They learn to work on Toyotas before they work on your vehicle, rather than while they are working on it. Doesn’t that seem like the best way? Your Toyota dealer has invested a lot of money in special Toyota tools and service equipment. It helps do the job better and at Your Toyota dealer’s service department will perform all of the scheduled mainte- nance on your vehicle–reliably and eco- nomically.
less cost.
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What about do−it−yourself maintenance? Many of the maintenance items are easy to do yourself if you have a little mechani- cal ability and a few basic automotive tools. Simple instructions for how to per- form them are presented on page 238. that some maintenance Note, however, tasks require special tools and skills. These are best performed by qualified technicians. Even if you are an experi- enced do−it−yourself mechanic, we recom- mend that repairs and maintenance be conducted by your Toyota dealer who will keep a record of maintenance on your Toyota. This record could be helpful should you ever require Warranty Service.
The service interval for scheduled main- tenance is determined by the odometer time interval, whichever reading or comes first, shown in the schedule. Rubber hoses (for cooling and heater system, brake system and fuel system) should be inspected by a qualified tech- nician in accordance with the Toyota maintenance schedule. They are particularly important mainte- nance items. Have any deteriorated or replaced immediately. damaged hoses Note that rubber hoses will deteriorate with age, resulting in swelling, chafing or cracks.
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Does your vehicle need repairing? Be on the alert for changes in perfor- mance, sounds, and visual tip−offs that indicate service is needed. Some impor- tant clues are as follows: D Engine missing, stumbling, or pinging D Appreciable loss of power D Strange engine noises D A leak under the vehicle (However, wa- ter dripping from the air conditioning after use is normal.)
D Change in exhaust sound (This may indicate a dangerous carbon monoxide leak. Drive with the windows open and have the exhaust system checked im- mediately.)
D Flat−looking tire; excessive tire squeal
when cornering; uneven tire wear
D Vehicle pulls to one side when driving
straight on a level road
D Strange noises related to suspension
movement
D Loss of brake effectiveness; spongy feeling brake or clutch pedal; pedal al- most touches floor; vehicle pulls to one side when braking
D Engine coolant temperature continually
higher than normal
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If you notice any of these clues, take your vehicle to your Toyota dealer as soon as possible. It probably needs adjustment or repair.
CAUTION
Do not continue driving with the ve- hicle unchecked. It could result in se- rious vehicle damage and possibly personal
injury.
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SECTION 7− 1
DO−IT−YOURSELF MAINTENANCE Introduction Engine compartment overview Fuse locations Do−it−yourself service precautions
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
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237
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1. Engine oil level dipstick 2. Engine coolant reservoir 3. Engine oil filler cap 4. Fuse block 5. Battery 6. Windshield washer fluid tank 7. Condenser 8. Radiator
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Engine compartment overview "1GR−FE engine
71h013
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"2TR−FE engine
71h002
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level dipstick
1. Engine oil 2. Engine oil filler cap 3. Fuse block 4. Battery 5. Windshield washer fluid tank 6. Condenser 7. Radiator 8. Engine coolant reservoir
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level dipstick
1. Engine oil filler cap 2. Intercooler 3. Engine oil 4. Fuel filter 5. Fuse block 6. Battery 7. Windshield washer fluid tank 8. Condenser 9. Radiator 10. Engine coolant reservoir
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"1KD−FTV engine
71h003a
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Fuse locations
71h001
Spare fuses
71i005a
71i007
71i006
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Do−it−yourself service precautions If you perform maintenance by yourself, be sure to follow the correct procedure given in this section. You should be aware that improper or in- complete servicing may result in operating problems. This section gives instructions only for those items that are relatively easy for an owner to perform. As explained in Section 6, items that must be done by a qualified technician with special Utmost care should be taken when work- ing on your vehicle to prevent accidental injury. Here are a few precautions that you should be especially careful to ob- serve:
there are still a number of
tools.
CAUTION
D When the engine is running, keep hands, clothing, and tools away from the moving fan and engine drive rings, watches, and ties is advisable.)
(Removing
belts.
the
D Right
after driving,
to touch them. Oil,
engine compartment—the engine, radiator, exhaust manifold, power steering fluid reservoir and spark plug boots, etc.—will be hot. So be care- ful not fluids and spark plugs may also be hot. D If the engine is hot, do not remove the radiator cap or loosen the drain plugs to prevent burning yourself. leave anything that may burn easily, such as paper or rags, in the engine compartment.
D Do not
D Be extremely cautious when work- ing on the battery. It contains poi- sonous and corrosive sulfuric acid. D Do not get under your vehicle with just the body jack supporting it. Al- ways use automotive jack stands or other solid supports.
D Use eye protection whenever you work on or under your vehicle where you may be exposed to flying or falling material, fluid spray, etc. D Used engine oil contains potentially harmful contaminants which may cause skin disorders such as in- flammation or skin cancer, so care should be taken to avoid prolonged and repeated contact with it. To re- move used engine oil from your skin, wash thoroughly with soap and water.
D Do not smoke, cause sparks or al- low open flames around fuel or the battery. Their fumes are flammable.
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D Do not
leave used oil within the
reach of children.
D Dispose of used oil and filter only in a safe and acceptable manner. Do not dispose of used oil and fil- ter in household trash, in sewers or onto the ground. Call your dealer or a service station for information concerning recycling or disposal. D Take care when filling the brake and clutch because brake and clutch fluid can harm your hands or eyes. If fluid gets on your hands or in your eyes, flush the affected area with clean water immediately. If you still feel uncom- fortable with your hands or eyes, go to the doctor.
reservoirs
fluid
NOTICE
z Remember that battery and ignition cables carry high currents or volt- ages. Be careful of accidentally causing a short circuit.
z Add only “Toyota Super Long Life Coolant” or similar high quality eth- ylene glycol based non−silicate, non−amine, non−nitrite, and non−bo- rate coolant with long−life hybrid organic acid technology to fill the radiator. “Toyota Super Long Life Coolant” is a mixture of 50% cool- ant and 50% deionized water.
z If you spill some of the coolant, be sure to wash it off with water to prevent it from damaging the parts or paint.
z Do not allow dirt or anything else to fall through the spark plug holes. z Do not pry the outer electrode of a spark plug against the center elec- trode.
z Use only spark plugs of the speci- types will loss of per-
fied type. Using other cause engine damage, formance or radio noise.
z Do not overfill automatic transmis- sion fluid, transfer oil, and power steering transmission, transfer and power steering could be damaged.
fluid—the
z If you spill brake and clutch fluid, be sure to wash it off with water to prevent it from damaging the parts or paint.
z Do not drive with the air cleaner filter removed, or excessive engine wear could result. Also backfiring could cause a fire in the engine compartment.
z Be careful not to scratch the glass
surface with the wiper frame.
z When closing the engine hood, check to see that you have not for- gotten any tools, rags, etc.
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SECTION 7− 2
DO−IT−YOURSELF MAINTENANCE Engine and Chassis Checking the engine oil level Checking the engine coolant level Checking the radiator, condenser and intercooler Draining fuel filter water Checking tire inflation pressure Checking and replacing tires Rotating tires Installing snow tires and chains Replacing wheels Aluminum wheel precautions
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
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Checking the engine oil level
Low level
Full
level
72h001
Add oil
O.K.
Too full
Gasoline engine
Low level
Full
level
Add oil
O.K.
Too full
Diesel engine
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With the engine at operating tempera- ture and turned off, check the oil level on the dipstick. 1. To get a correct reading,
the vehicle should be on level ground. After turning off the engine, wait a few minutes for the oil to drain back into the bottom of the engine.
2. Pull the dipstick out, hold a rag under
the end and wipe it clean.
3. Reinsert the dipstick—push it in as far as it will go, or the reading will not be correct.
4. Pull the dipstick out and look at the oil the
level while holding a rag under end.
CAUTION
Be careful not to touch the hot ex- haust manifold.
NOTICE
Be careful not to drop engine oil on the vehicle components.
If the oil level is below or only slightly above the low level, add engine oil of the same type as already in the engine. Remove the oil filler cap and add engine oil in small quantities at a time, checking the dipstick. We recommend that you use a funnel when adding oil. The approximate quantity of oil needed to raise the level between low and full on the dipstick is indicated as follows:
Gasoline engine
Diesel engine
1.5 L (1.6 qt., 1.3 lmp. qt.)
1.6 L (1.7 qt., 1.4 lmp. qt.) For the engine oil capacity, see “Service specifications” on page 267. When the level reaches within the correct range,
the filler cap hand−tight.
install
NOTICE
z Be careful not to spill engine oil on
the vehicle components.
z Avoid overfilling, or
could be damaged.
the engine
z Check the oil
level on the dipstick
once again after adding the oil.
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Recommended viscosity (SAE):
ENGINE OIL SELECTION Gasoline engine— “Toyota Genuine Motor Oil” is used in your Toyota vehicle. Use Toyota approved “Toyota Genuine Motor Oil” or equivalent to and viscosity. Oil grade:
following
satisfy
grade
the
20W−50 and 15W−40—
API grade SL or SM multigrade engine oil
10W−30 and 5W−30—
API grade SL “Energy−Conserving”, SM “Energy−Conserving” or ILSAC multigrade engine oil
Temperature range anticipated before next oil change
If you use SAE 10W−30 or a higher viscosity engine oil in extremely low temperatures, the engine may become difficult to start, so SAE 5W−30 engine oil
is recommended.
API service symbol
ILSAC certification mark
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by API
identification marks
is located any- the container.
Oil Either or both API registered marks are added to some oil containers to help you select the oil you should use. The API Service Symbol where on the outside of The top portion of the label shows the oil quality (American Petroleum Institute) designations such as SM. The center portion of the label shows the SAE viscosity grade such as SAE 10W−30. “Energy−Conserving” shown in the lower portion, has fuel−saving capabilities. The ILSAC (International Lubricant Stan- dardization and Approval Committee) Certi- fication Mark is displayed on the front of the container. Diesel engine— “Toyota Genuine Motor Oil” is used in your Toyota vehicle. Use Toyota approved “Toyota Genuine Motor Oil” or equivalent to and viscosity.
indicates
following
satisfy
grade
that
the
the
oil
Oil grade:
G−DLD−1, API CF−4 or API CF or ACEA B1
Recommended viscosity (SAE):
5W−30 Preferred
Temperature range anticipated before next oil change
SAE 5W−30 is the best choice for your vehicle, for good fuel economy, and good starting in cold weather. If you use SAE 10W−30 or a higher viscosity engine oil in extremely low temperatures, the engine may become difficult to start, so SAE 5W−30 engine oil
is recommended.
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DLD logo mark
The Global DLD−1 logo mark, attached on some oil containers to help in se- lecting the oil you should use, indicates that the oil meets the guidelines recom- mended by the following associations: D ACEA (Association des Construc-
teurs Européens d’Automobiles)
D AAM
(Alliance
Manufacturers)
of
Automobile
D EMA (Engine Manufacturers Associa-
tion)
D JAMA (Japan Automobile Manufactur-
ers Association)
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type, see “Coolant
Checking the engine coolant level Look at the see−through coolant reser- voir when the engine is cold. The cool- ant level is satisfactory if it is between the “F” and “L” lines on the reservoir. If the level is low, add the coolant. (For the coolant type selection” described below.) The coolant level in the reservoir will vary the with engine temperature. However, level line, add coolant. Bring the level up to the “F” line. level drops within a short If time after there may be a leak in the system. Visually check the radiator, hoses, radiator cap and drain cock and water pump. If you can find no leak, have your Toyota dealer the cap pressure and check for leaks in the cooling system.
is on or below the “L”
replenishing,
the coolant
test
if
CAUTION
To prevent burning yourself, do not remove the radiator cap when the en- gine is hot.
lubrication perfor- To ensure excellent mance for your engine, “Toyota Genuine Motor Oil” is available, which has been specifically tested and approved for all Toyota engines. Please contact your Toyota dealer for fur- ther details about “Toyota Genuine Motor Oil”.
improper coolants may damage
Coolant type selection Use of your engine cooling system. Only use “Toyota Super Long Life Coolant” or similar high quality ethylene glycol based non−silicate, non−amine, non−nitrite, and non−borate coolant with long−life (Coolant hybrid organic acid technology. acid with technology low combination phosphates and organic acids.) “Toyota Super Long Life Coolant” is a mix- ture of 50% coolant and 50% deionized water. This coolant provides protection down to about −35_C (−31_F).
long−life is
organic
hybrid
of
NOTICE
Do not use plain water alone.
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Checking the radiator, condenser and intercooler If any of the above parts are extremely dirty or you are not sure of their condi- tion, take your vehicle to a Toyota dealer.
CAUTION
To prevent burning yourself, be care- ful not to touch the radiator, con- denser or intercooler when the engine is hot.
NOTICE
To prevent damage to the radiator, condenser or intercooler, do not per- form the work by yourself.
in malfunction of
Toyota recommends “Toyota Super Long Life Coolant”, which has been tested to ensure that it will not cause corrosion nor result your engine coolant system with proper usage. “Toyota Super Long Life Coolant” is formulated with acid organic technology and has been specifically designed to avoid engine cooling system malfunction on Toyota vehicles. Please contact your Toyota dealer further details.
long−life
hybrid
for
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Draining fuel filter water (diesel engine)
17h001
When the fuel system warning light flashes, the water in the fuel filter must be drained immediately. Place a small tray under the drain plug or drain hose to catch the water. 1. Turn the drain plug about 2—2−1/2
turns, as shown above. (Loosening more than this will cause water oozing from around the drain plug.)2. Operate the priming pump until fuel be-
gins to run out.
After draining, retighten the drain plug. Do not use a tool.
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Checking tire inflation pressure Keep your tire inflation pressures at the proper level. The recommended cold tire inflation pres- sures and tire sizes are given on page 271. You should check the tire inflation pres- sure every two weeks, or at least once a month. And do not Incorrect tire inflation pressure may waste fuel, reduce the comfort of driving, reduce tire life and make your vehicle less safe to drive. If a tire frequently needs refilling, have it checked by your Toyota dealer.
the spare!
forget
The following instructions for checking tire inflation pressure should be ob- served: D The pressure should be checked only If your ve- when the tires are cold. hicle has been parked for at least 3
hours and has not been driven for more than 1.5 km or 1 mile since, you will get an accurate cold tire inflation pressure reading.D Always use a tire pressure gauge. The appearance of a tire can be mis- leading. Besides, tire inflation pres- sures that are even just a few pounds off can degrade ride and handling.
D Do not bleed or reduce tire inflation pressure after driving. It is normal for the tire inflation pressure to be higher after driving.
D Be sure to reinstall
the tire valve caps. Without the valve caps, dirt or moisture could get into the valve core and cause air the caps have been lost, have new ones put on as soon as possible.
leakage.
If
CAUTION
tires properly inflated. Keep your Otherwise, the following conditions may occur and cause an accident re- sulting in death or serious injuries. Low tire pressure (underinflation)— D Excessive wear D Uneven wear D Poor handling D Possibility of blowouts from an
overheated tire
D Poor sealing of the tire bead D Wheel deformation and/or tire sepa-
ration
D A greater possibility of tire damage
from road hazards
High tire pressure (overinflation)— D Poor handling D Excessive wear D Uneven wear D A greater possibility of tire damage
from road hazards
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Checking and replacing tires
Treadwear indicator
CHECKING YOUR TIRES Check the tire’s tread for treadwear in- dicators. If the indicators show, replace the tires. The location of treadwear in- dicators is shown by the “TWI” or “∆” marks, etc., molded on the sidewall of each tire. The tires on your Toyota have built−in treadwear indicators to help you know when the tires need replacement. When the tread depth wears to 1.6 mm (0.06
in.) or less, If you can see the indicators in two or more the tire should be re- adjacent grooves, placed. The lower the tread, the higher the risk of skidding.the indicators will appear.
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The effectiveness of snow tires is lost if the tread wears down below 4 mm (0.16 in.). If you have tire damage such as cuts, splits, cracks deep enough to expose the fabric, or bulges indicating internal damage, the tire should be replaced. If a tire often goes flat or cannot be prop- erly repaired due to the size or location of a cut or other damage, it should be replaced. If you are not sure, consult with your Toyota dealer. If air loss occurs while driving, do not continue driving. Driving even a short dis- tance can damage a tire beyond repair. Any tires which are over 6 years old must be checked by a qualified techni- cian even if damage is not obvious. Tires deteriorate with age even if have never or seldom been used. This applies also to the spare tire and tires stored for future use.
they
REPLACING YOUR TIRES When replacing a tire, use a tire of the same size and construction, and the same or greater load capacity as the originally installed tires. Also, on four− wheel drive models, all the tires must be the same brand and have the same tread patterns. Using any other size or type of tire may seriously affect handling, ride, speedome- ter/odometer calibration, ground clearance, and clearance between the body and tires or snow chains.
CAUTION
Observe the following instructions. Otherwise, an accident may occur re- sulting in death or serious injuries. D Do not mix radial, bias belted, or bias−ply tires on your vehicle, as this may cause dangerous handling characteristics resulting in loss of control.
D Do not use tires other
than the manufacturer’s recommended size, as this may cause dangerous han- dling characteristics resulting in loss of control.
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D Four−wheel drive models:
Do not use tires of different brands, sizes, construction or tread pat- terns, as this may cause dangerous handling characteristics resulting in loss of control.
Rotating tires
72h002
rear
Never use second−hand tires on your Toyota. Using tires whose previous history is un- known is a risk. Toyota recommends all four tires, or at least both front or tires be re- placed at a time as a set. See “If you have a flat tire” on page 202
for tire change procedure. When a tire is replaced, should always be balanced. An unbalanced wheel may affect vehicle handling and tire life. Wheels can get out of balance with regular use and should therefore be balanced occasionally. When replacing a tubeless tire, the air valve should also be replaced with a new one.the wheel
With a spare tire of the same wheel type as the installed tires
72h003
To equalize tire wear and help extend tire life, Toyota recommends that you rotate your tires approximately every 10000 km (6000 miles). However, the most appropriate timing for tire rotation may vary according to your driving hab- its and road surface conditions. See “If you have a flat tire” on page 202
for tire change procedure. When rotating tires, check for uneven wear and damage. Abnormal wear is usu- ally caused by incorrect tire inflation pres- sure, improper wheel alignment, out−of− balance wheels, or severe braking.With a spare tire of different wheel type from the installed tires
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tires
Installing snow tires and chains WHEN TO USE SNOW TIRES OR CHAINS Snow tires or chains are recommended when driving on snow or ice. On wet or dry roads, conventional provide better traction than snow tires. SNOW TIRE SELECTION If you need snow tires, select tires of the same size, construction and load capacity as the originally installed tires. Also, on four−wheel drive models, all the tires must be the same brand and have the same tread patterns. Do not use tires other than those men- tioned above. Do not install studded tires without first checking local regulations for possible restrictions.
CAUTION
Observe the following instructions. Otherwise, an accident may occur re- sulting in death or serious injuries. D Do not use snow tires other than the manufacturer’s recommended si- ze, as this may cause dangerous handling characteristics resulting in loss of control.
D Four−wheel drive models:
Do not use snow tires of different brands, sizes, construction or tread patterns, as this may cause danger- ous handling characteristics result- ing in loss of control.
SNOW TIRE INSTALLATION Snow tires should be installed on all wheels. Installing snow tires on the rear wheels only can lead to an excessive difference in road grip capability between the front and rear tires which could cause loss of vehicle control. When storing removed tires, you should store them in a cool dry place. Mark the direction of rotation and be sure to install them in the same direction when replacing.
CAUTION
D Do not drive with the snow tires
incorrectly inflated.
D Observe
permissible maximum speed for your snow tires and the legal speed limit.
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TIRE CHAIN SELECTION Use the tire chains of correct size. Regulations regarding the use of tire chains vary according to location or type of road, so always check local reg- ulations before installing chains. CHAIN INSTALLATION Install the chains on the rear tires as tightly as possible. Do not use tire tires. Retighten chains on the front chains km (1/4—1/2 mile). When installing chains on your tires, care- fully follow the instructions of the chain manufacturer. If wheel covers are used, they will be scratched by the chain band, so remove the covers before putting on the chains.
0.5—1.0
driving
after
CAUTION
D Do not exceed 50 km/h (30 mph) or the chain manufacturer’s recom- mended speed limit, whichever is lower. D Drive
avoiding bumps, holes, and sharp turns, which may cause the vehicle to bounce.
carefully
D Avoid sharp turns or locked−wheel braking as use of chains may ad- versely affect vehicle handling.
D When driving with chains installed, be sure to drive carefully. Slow down before entering the curves to avoid losing control of the vehicle. Otherwise an accident may occur.
to replace a damaged wheel, the wheel or cause
Replacing wheels WHEN TO REPLACE YOUR WHEELS If you have wheel damage such as bending, cracks or heavy corrosion, the
