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check the dipstick with the vehicle parked on level ground. in- structions.) WHILE DRIVING Instruments. Make sure the speedometer and gauges are working. Brakes. brakes do not pull plied. Anything unusual? Look for loose parts and leaks. Listen for abnormal noises. If everything looks O.K., set your mind at ease and enjoy your trip!
the to one side when ap-
In a safe place, check that
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D Drive slowly onto curbs and,
Tips for driving in various conditions D Always slow down in gusty crosswinds. This will allow you much better control. if pos- sible, at a right angle. Avoid driving onto high, sharp−edged objects and other road hazards. Failure to do so can lead to severe tire damage such as a tire burst. Drive slowly when passing over bumps or travelling on a bumpy road. Other- wise, the impact could cause severe damage to the tires and/or wheels.
D When parking on a hill,
turn the front wheels until they touch the curb so that the vehicle will not roll. Apply the parking brake, and place the transmis- in first or sion in “P” reverse (manual). If necessary, block the wheels.
(automatic) or
lightly.
D Washing your vehicle or driving through deep water may get the brakes wet. To see whether they are wet, check that there is no traffic near you, and then press the pedal If you do not feel a normal braking force, the brakes are probably wet. To dry them, drive the vehicle cautiously while lightly pressing the brake pedal with the park- ing brake applied. they still do not work safely, pull to the side of the road and call a Toyota dealer for assistance. 183
If
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D To drive down a long or steep hill, reduce your speed and downshift. Remember, if you ride the brakes excessively, they may overheat and not work properly.
D Be careful when accelerating, up- shifting, downshifting or braking on a slippery surface. Sudden accelera- tion or engine braking could cause the vehicle to skid or spin.
D Do not continue normal driving when the brakes are wet. If they are wet, your vehicle will require a lon- ger stopping distance, and it may pull to one side when the brakes are applied. Also, the parking brake will not hold the vehicle securely.
Driving in the rain Driving on a slippery road surface Drive carefully when it is raining, because visibility will be reduced, the windows may become fogged−up, and the road will be slippery. D Drive carefully when it starts to rain, because the road surface will be espe- cially slippery.
D Refrain from high speeds when driving on an expressway in the rain, because there may be a layer of water between the tires and the road surface, prevent- ing the steering and brakes from oper- ating properly.
D Four−wheel drive models—Toyota rec- ommends not using four−wheel drive on dry hard−surfaced roads, because four− wheel driving will cause unnecessary noise and wear, and poor fuel econo- my.
D Four−wheel drive models—In cold tem- peratures, noise may occur when driv- ing in two−wheel drive before the trans- fer is warmed up. Therefore, first drive in four−wheel drive until the transfer is warmed up.
CAUTION
D Before driving off, make sure the parking brake is fully released and the parking brake reminder light is off.
D Do not
leave your vehicle unat- tended while the engine is running. D Do not rest your foot on the brake pedal while driving. It can cause dangerous overheating, needless wear, and poor fuel economy.
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CAUTION
D Sudden braking, acceleration and steering when driving on a slippery road surface may cause tire slip- page and reduce your ability to control the vehicle, resulting in an accident.
D Sudden changes in engine speed, such as sudden engine braking, may cause the vehicle to skid, re- sulting in an accident.
D After driving through a puddle, lightly depress the brake pedal to make sure that the brakes are func- tioning properly. Wet brake pads may prevent the brakes from func- tioning properly. the brakes on only one side are wet and not func- tioning properly, steering control may be affected, resulting in an ac- cident.
If
When encountering flooded roads Do not drive on a road that has flooded after heavy rain etc. Doing so may cause serious damage to the vehicle.
NOTICE
vehicle
Driving on a flooded road may cause the engine to stall as well as cause serious vehicle malfunctions such as shorts in electrical components and engine damage from water immersion. that you drive on a In the event flooded road and the is flooded, be sure to have your Toyota dealer check brake function, changes in quantity and quality of oil and fluid used for transmission, transfer (four−wheel drive models), differentials, etc. and lubricant condi- tion for (four− wheel drive models), bearings and suspension joints (where possible) and the function of all joints and bearings.
the propeller shaft
the engine,
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Off−road driving precautions (on four−wheel drive models)
CAUTION
Always observe the following precau- tions to minimize the risk of death or serious injury or damage to your ve- hicle: D Drive carefully when off
the road. take unnecessary risks by
Do not driving in dangerous places.
D Do not grip the steering wheel spokes when driving off−road. A bad bump could jerk the wheel and injure your hands. Keep both hands and especially your thumbs on the outside of the rim.
D Always check your brakes for effec- tiveness immediately after driving in sand, mud, water or snow.
D After driving through tall grass, mud, rock, sand, rivers, etc., check that there is no grass, bush, paper, rags, stone, sand, etc. adhering or trapped on the underbody. Clear off any such matter from the under- body. the vehicle is used with these materials trapped or adhering to the underbody, a breakdown or fire could occur.
If
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Winter driving tips Make sure your coolant is properly pro- tected against freezing. Only use “Toyota Super Long Life Coolant” or similar high quality ethylene glycol based non−silicate, non−amine, non−nitrite, and non−borate coolant with long−life hy- brid organic acid technology. (Coolant with long−life hybrid organic acid technology is a combination of low phosphates and or- ganic acids.) See “Checking the engine coolant on page 245 for details of coolant selection. “Toyota Super Long Life Coolant” is a mix- ture of 50% coolant and 50% deionized water. This coolant provides protection down to about −35_C (−31_F).
level” type
NOTICE
Do not use plain water alone.
D In a rollover crash, an unbelted per- son is significantly more likely to die than a person wearing a seat belt. Therefore, the driver and all passengers should fasten their seat belts whenever the vehicle is mov- ing.
D When driving off−road or in rugged terrain, do not drive at excessive speeds, jump, make sharp turns, strike objects, etc. This may cause loss of control or vehicle rollover causing death or serious injury. You are also risking expensive damage to your vehicle’s suspension and chassis.
NOTICE
z If driving through water, such as when crossing shallow streams, first check the depth of the water and the bottom of the river bed for firmness. Drive slowly and avoid deep water.
z Take all necessary safety measures to ensure that water damage to the engine or other components does not occur.
z Water entering the engine air intake will cause severe engine damage. z Water entering the automatic trans- mission will cause deterioration in shift quality, locking up of your transmission accompanied by vibra- tion, and ultimately damage.
z Water can wash the grease from wheel bearings, causing rusting and premature failure, and may also en- ter transmission and transfer case, reducing the gear oil’s lubricating qualities.
the differentials,
z Sand and mud that has accumulated in brake drum and around brake discs may affect braking efficiency and may damage brake system com- ponents.
z Always perform a maintenance in- spection after each day of off−road driving that has taken you through rough terrain, sand, mud, or water. (See page 230.)
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Check the condition of the battery and cables. Cold temperatures reduce the capacity of any battery, so it must be in top shape to provide enough power for winter start- ing. An explanation of how to visually in- spect the battery is given on page 254. Your Toyota dealer and most service sta- tions will be pleased to check the level of charge. Make sure the engine oil viscosity is suitable for the cold weather. See pages 243 and 244 for recommended viscosity. Leaving a heavy summer oil in your vehicle during winter months may cause harder starting. If you are not sure about which oil to use, call your Toyota dealer–they will be pleased to help. Keep the door locks from freezing. Squirt locks to keep them from freezing. Use a washer fluid containing an anti- freeze solution. This product is available at your Toyota dealer and most auto parts stores. Follow the manufacturer’s directions for how much to mix with water.
lock de−icer or glycerine into the
NOTICE
Do not use engine antifreeze or any other substitute because it may dam- age your vehicle’s paint.
Do not use your parking brake when there is a possibility it could freeze. the transmission into When parking, put “P” (automatic) or into first or reverse (manual) and block the front wheels. Do not use the parking brake, or snow or water accumulated in and around the parking brake mechanism may freeze, making it hard to release. Keep ice and snow from accumulating under the fenders. Ice and snow built up under your fenders can make steering difficult. During bad winter driving, stop and check under the fenders occasionally. Depending on where you are driving, we recommend you carry some emer- gency equipment. Some of in the vehicle are tire chains, window scraper, bag of sand or salt, flares, small shovel, jumper cables, etc.
the things you might put
Trailer towing Your vehicle is designed primarily as a passenger−and−load−carrying vehicle. Tow- ing a trailer will have an adverse effect on handling, performance, braking, durability and driving economy (fuel consumption, etc.). Your safety and satisfaction depend on the proper use of correct equipment and cautious driving habits. For your safe- ty and the safety of others, you must not overload your vehicle or trailer. Ask your local Toyota dealer for further details be- fore towing, as there are additional legal requirements in some countries. For towing purposes, we recommend use of the following parts: D When towing a caravan trailer etc., use
a distributing hitch.
D When the total trailer weight is greater than the vehicle weight, use a sway control device.
NOTICE
When towing a trailer, be sure to con- sult your Toyota dealer for further in- formation on additional requirements such as a towing kit, etc.
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D The combination of the gross trailer weight added to the total weight of the vehicle, occupants and vehicle cargo must never exceed a total of the following. Vehicles with 1GR−FE engine
Two−wheel drive models
4600 kg (10141 lb.)
Four−wheel drive models
4750 kg (10472 lb.)
Vehicles with 2TR−FE or 1KD−FTV engine
4600 kg (10141 lb.)
Exceeding the maximum weight of the trailer, the vehicle, or the ve- hicle and trailer combination, can cause an accident resulting in seri- ous personal injuries.
WEIGHT LIMITS Before towing, make sure the total trail- er weight, gross vehicle weight, gross axle weight and trailer tongue load are all within the limits. The total trailer weight and tongue load can be measured with platform scales found at a public weigh bridge, building supply company, junk yard, etc.
trucking company,
CAUTION
total
D The
trailer weight
(trailer weight plus its cargo load) must not exceed 2250 kg (4960 lb.). Ex- ceeding this weight is dangerous. D Trailer hitch assemblies have differ- ent weight capacities established by the hitch manufacturer. Even though the vehicle may be physically capa- ble of towing a higher weight, the operator must determine the maxi- mum weight rating of the particular hitch assembly and never exceed the maximum weight rating speci- fied for the trailer hitch. Exceeding the maximum weight rating set by the trailer hitch manufacturer can cause an accident resulting in seri- ous personal
injuries.
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D The load on either the front or rear axle resulting from distribution of the gross vehicle weight on both axles must not exceed the follow- ing. Two−wheel drive models
Single−cab models
Extra−cab models
Front Rear
Front Rear
Front Rear
1125 kg (2480 lb.) 1750 kg (3858 lb.)
1200 kg (2646 lb.) 1695 kg (3737 lb.)
1200 kg (2646 lb.) 1550 kg (3417 lb.)
Double−cab models
Four−wheel drive models
Single−cab and double−cab models
Fron(cid:87)(cid:3)(cid:3)(cid:3)(cid:3)(cid:3)(cid:3)(cid:3)(cid:20)(cid:22)(cid:23)0(cid:3)kg(cid:3)(cid:3)(cid:3)(cid:11)2(cid:28)(cid:24)(cid:23)(cid:3)lb(cid:17)) Rear 1600 kg (3527 lb.)
Extra−cab models
Fron(cid:87)(cid:3)(cid:3)(cid:3)(cid:3)(cid:3)(cid:3)(cid:3)(cid:20)(cid:22)(cid:23)0(cid:3)kg(cid:3)(cid:3)(cid:3)(cid:11)2(cid:28)(cid:24)(cid:23)(cid:3)lb(cid:17)) Rear 1520 kg (3351 lb.)
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Total trailer weight
Tongue load
HITCHES D Use only a hitch which is recom- mended by the hitch manufacturer and conforms to the total trailer weight re- quirement.
Tongue load
Total trailer weight
× 100 = 9 to 11%
D The trailer cargo load should be distributed so that the tongue load is 9 to 11% of trailer weight, not exceeding the maximum load of 225 kg (496 lb.).
the total
load the trailer with more D Never weight in the back than in the front. About 60% of the trailer load should be in the front half of the trailer and the remaining 40% in the rear.
BRAKES AND SAFETY CHAINS D Toyota recommends trailers with brakes that conform to any applicable state law.
the trailer
D Safety chains must always be used be- tween the towing vehicle and the trail- er. Leave sufficient slack in the chains for turns. The chains should cross un- der the tongue from dropping to the ground in case it becomes damaged or the trailer separates from the vehicle. For correct safety chains procedures, follow the hitch or trailer manufacturer’s recom- mendations.
tongue to prevent
D Follow the directions supplied by the hitch manufacturer, and bolt the hitch securely to the vehicle. Lubricate the hitch ball with a light coat of grease. the tongue whenever you are not towing a trailer to reduce the possibility of addi- tional damage caused if your vehicle is struck from behind.
recommends
removing
D Toyota
D If
removing the hitch assembly, seal any mounting holes in the vehicle body to prevent entry of pollutants such as exhaust
fumes, dirt, water, etc.
NOTICE
Do not use axle−mounted hitches as they can cause damage to the axle housing, wheel bearings, wheels or tires.
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CAUTION
D If
the total
trailer weight exceeds 750 kg (1654 lb.), trailer brakes are required.
D Never
tap into your vehicle’s hy- draulic system as it would lower its braking effectiveness.
D Never tow a trailer without using safety chains securely attached to both the trailer and the vehicle. If damage occurs to the coupling unit or hitch ball, there is danger of the trailer wandering over into another lane.
190
TIRES D Ensure that your vehicle’s tires are properly inflated. See Section 7−2 and Section 8 for instructions.
D The trailer tires should be inflated to the pressure recommended by the trail- er manufacturer in respect to the total trailer weight.
TRAILER LIGHTS D Trailer lights must comply with federal local and state regulations. See your rental recreational vehicle dealer or agency for type of wiring and relays for your trailer. Check for correct operation of the turn signals and stop lights each time you hitch up. Direct splicing may damage your ve- hicle’s electrical system and cause a malfunction of your lights.
the correct
BREAK−IN SCHEDULE D Toyota recommends that you do not tow a trailer with a new vehicle or a vehicle with any new power train com- transmission, differen- ponent (engine, tial, wheel bearing, etc.) the first 800 km (500 miles) of driving.
for
MAINTENANCE D If you tow a trailer, your vehicle will require more frequent maintenance due load. For this informa- to the additional tion, please refer to the scheduled maintenance information in the “War- ranty and Service Booklet”.
D Retighten all fixing bolts of the towing ball and bracket after approximately 1000 km (600 miles) of trailer driving.
PRE−TOWING SAFETY CHECK D Check that your vehicle remains level when a loaded or unloaded trailer is hitched. Do not drive if the vehicle has an abnormal nose−up or nose−down condition, improper tongue load, overload, worn suspension or other possible causes.
check
and
for
D Make sure the trailer cargo is securely
loaded so that
it cannot shift.
D Check that your rear view mirrors con- form to any applicable state law. If not, install the rear view mirrors required for towing purpose.
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TRAILER TOWING TIPS When towing a trailer, your vehicle will handle differently than when not tow- ing. The three main causes of vehicle− trailer accidents are driver error, exces- sive speed and improper trailer loading. Keep these in mind when towing: D Before starting out, check operation of the lights and all vehicle−trailer connec- tions. After driving a short distance, stop and recheck the lights and con- nections. Before actually towing a trail- er, practice turning, stopping and back- ing with a trailer in an area away from traffic until you learn the feel.
D Backing with a trailer
to move the trailer
is difficult and requires practice. Grip the bottom of the steering wheel and move your hand to the left to the left. Move your hand to the right to move the trailer to the right. (This pro- cedure is generally opposite to that when backing without a trailer.) Also, just turn the steering wheel a little at a time, avoiding sharp or prolonged turning. Have someone guide you when backing to reduce the risk of an acci- dent.
D Because stopping distance may be in- creased, vehicle−to−vehicle distance should be increased when towing a trailer. For each 10 km/h (6 mph) of speed, allow at least one vehicle and trailer length between you and the ve- hicle ahead. Avoid sudden braking as you may skid, resulting in jackknifing and loss of control. This is especially true on wet or slippery surfaces.
D Avoid jerky starts or sudden accelera- tion. If your vehicle has a manual transmission, prevent excessive clutch slippage by keeping engine rpm low and not racing the engine. Always start out
in first gear.
D Avoid jerky steering and sharp turns. The trailer could hit your vehicle in a tight turn. Slow down before making a turn to avoid the necessity of sudden braking.
D Remember
that when making a turn, the trailer wheels will be closer than the vehicle wheels to the inside of the turn. Therefore, compensate for this by making a larger turning radius with your vehicle.
than normal
D Crosswinds and rough roads will ad- versely affect handling of your vehicle and trailer, causing sway. Pay attention to the rear from time to time to pre- pare yourself for being passed by large trucks or buses, which may cause your vehicle and trailer to sway. If swaying happens, firmly grip the steering wheel and reduce speed immediately but gradually. Never increase speed. If it is necessary to reduce speed, brake slowly. Steer straight ahead. If you make no extreme correction with the steering or brakes, the vehicle and trailer will stabilize.
D Be careful when passing other ve- hicles. Passing requires considerable distance. After passing a vehicle, do not forget the length of your trailer and be sure you have plenty of room be- fore changing lanes.
D In order to maintain engine braking and electrical charging performance, do not use fifth gear (manual transmission) or “D” (automatic transmission).
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D Because of your
vehicle’s
the added load of
the trailer, engine may overheat on hot days (at temperatures over 30_C [85_F]) when going up a long or steep grade with a trailer. If the engine gauge indicates overheating, immediately turn off the air conditioning (if in use), pull off the road and stop in a safe spot. Refer to “If your vehicle overheats” on page 201.
temperature
coolant
D Always place wheel blocks under both the vehicle and trailer wheels when parking. Apply the parking brake firmly. Put the transmission in “P” (automatic) or in first or reverse (manual). Avoid parking on a slope with a trailer, but if it cannot be avoided, do so only after performing the following:
1. Apply the brakes and keep them ap-
plied.
2. Have someone place wheel blocks un- der both the vehicle and trailer wheels. 3. When the wheel blocks are in place, the
release your brakes slowly until blocks absorb the load.
4. Apply the parking brake firmly. 5. Shift
into first or reverse (manual) or “P” (automatic) and turn off the engine.
192
When restarting out after parking on a slope: 1. With the transmission in “P” position the clutch pedal de- (automatic) or the engine. pressed (manual), start (With an automatic transmission, be sure to keep the brake pedal de- pressed.)
into gear.
2. Shift 3. Release the parking brake (also foot brake on automatic transmission ve- hicles) and slowly pull or back away from the wheel blocks. Stop and apply your brakes.
4. Have someone retrieve the blocks.
CAUTION
D Observe the legal maximum speeds
for trailer towing.
D Slow down and downshift before descending steep or long downhill grades. Do not make sudden down- shifts.
D Avoid holding the brake pedal down too long or too frequently. This could cause the brakes to overheat and result in reduced braking effi- ciency.
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How to save fuel and make your vehicle last longer, too Improving fuel economy is easy—just take it easy. It will help make your vehicle last longer, too. Here are some specific tips on how to save money on both fuel and repairs: D Keep your tires inflated at the cor- rect pressure. Underinflation causes tire wear and wastes fuel. See page 247 for instructions.
D Do not carry unneeded weight
in your vehicle. Excess weight puts a heavier load on the engine, causing greater fuel consumption.
D Avoid lengthy warm−up idling. Once the engine is running smoothly, begin driving—but gently. Remember, howev- er, that on cold winter days this may take a little longer.
lever
D Keep the automatic transmission se- lector into “D” when engine braking is not required. Driving with the selector lever in “4” (5−speed auto- matic transmission) or “3” (4−speed au- tomatic transmission) will reduce the fuel economy. (For details, see “Auto- matic transmission” on page 97.)
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D Accelerate
slowly
Avoid jackrabbit starts. Get gear as quickly as possible.
and smoothly. into high
D Avoid long engine idling. If you have in traffic, the engine and
a long wait and you are not it start again later.
is better to turn off
D Avoid engine lugging or over−rev- ving. Use a gear position suitable for the road on which you are travelling. D Avoid continuous speeding up and slowing down. Stop−and−go driving wastes fuel.
D Avoid unnecessary
stopping and braking. Maintain a steady pace. Try to time the traffic signals so you only need to stop as little as possible or take advantage of through streets to avoid traffic lights. Keep a proper dis- tance from other vehicles to avoid sud- den braking. This will also reduce wear on your brakes.
D Avoid heavy traffic or traffic jams
whenever possible.
D Do not rest your foot on the clutch or brake pedal. This causes premature wear, overheating and poor fuel econo- my.
D Maintain a moderate speed on high- ways. The faster you drive, the greater the fuel consumption. By reducing your speed, you will cut down on fuel con- sumption.
D Keep the front wheels in proper alignment. Avoid hitting the curb and slow down on rough roads. Improper alignment not only causes faster tire wear but also puts an extra load on the engine, which, in turn, wastes fuel. D Keep the bottom of your vehicle free from mud, etc. This not only lessens weight but also helps prevent corro- sion.
D Keep your vehicle tuned−up and in top shape. A dirty air cleaner, carbure- tor out of adjustment, improper valve clearance, dirty plugs, dirty oil and grease, brakes not adjusted, etc. all lower engine performance and contrib- ute to poor fuel economy. For longer life of all parts and lower operating costs, keep all maintenance work on schedule, and if you often drive under severe conditions, see that your vehicle receives more frequent maintenance. (See page 230.)
CAUTION
Never turn off the engine to coast down hills. Your power steering and brake booster will not function with- out the emission control system operates properly only when the engine is run- ning.
the engine running. Also,
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SECTION 4
IN CASE OF AN EMERGENCY If your vehicle will not start If your engine stalls while driving If you cannot increase engine speed If your vehicle overheats If you have a flat tire If your vehicle becomes stuck If your vehicle needs to be towed If you cannot shift automatic transmission selector lever If you lose your keys
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
196
200
201
201
202
213
214
218
219195
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If your vehicle will not start— (a) Simple checks Before making these checks, make sure you have followed the correct starting procedure given in “How to start the engine” on page 180 and that you have sufficient the other keys will start they work, your key may be broken. Have the key checked at your Toyota dealer. If none of your keys work, there may be a malfunction in the immobilizer system. Call your Toyota dealer. (See “Keys” on page 10.)
fuel. Also check whether If
the engine.
If the engine is not turning over or is turning over too slowly— 1. Check that
the battery terminals are
tight and clean.
2. If the battery terminals are O.K., switch
on the interior light.
3. If
the light
is out, dim or goes out when the starter is cranked, the battery is discharged. You may try jump start- ing. See “(d) Jump starting” for further instructions.
If the light is O.K., but the engine still will not start, repair. Call a Toyota dealer or qualified repair shop.
it needs adjustment or
NOTICE
Manual transmission: Do not pull− or push−start the vehicle. It may damage the vehicle or cause a collision when the engine starts. On vehicles with three−way catalytic converters, also the three−way catalytic converters may overheat and become a fire haz- ard.
196
If the engine turns over at its normal speed but will not start— Gasoline−powered vehicles 1. The engine may be flooded because of repeated cranking. See “(b) Starting a flooded engine (gasoline engine)” for further instructions.
2. If the engine still will not start, it needs repair. Call a Toyota
adjustment or dealer or qualified repair shop.
Diesel−powered vehicles 1. If you are starting the engine that has died from an empty tank, you may have needed to bleed the fuel system before cranking the engine. See “(c) Bleeding the fuel system (diesel en- gine)” for further instructions.
2. If the fuel system is O.K., but the en- gine still will not start, it needs adjust- ment or repair. Call a Toyota dealer or qualified repair shop for assistance.
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this happens,
(b) Starting a flooded engine (gasoline engine) If the engine will not start, your engine may be flooded because of repeated cranking. turn the ignition key to If fully “START” with the accelerator pedal depressed. Keep the key and accelerator pedal in these positions for 15 seconds and release them. Then try starting the engine with your foot off the accelerator pedal. If the engine does not start after 15 se- conds of cranking, release the key, wait a few minutes and try again. it needs If adjustment or repair. Call a Toyota dealer or qualified repair shop for assistance.
the engine still will not start,
NOTICE
Do not crank for more than 30 se- conds at a time. This may overheat the starter and wiring systems.
(c) Bleeding the fuel system (diesel engine)
40h002
If you run out of fuel and the engine dies, the engine may not restart after refueling. In such case, operate the priming pump until you feel more resis- tance.
(d) Jump starting To avoid serious personal injury and damage to your vehicle which might re- sult from battery explosion, acid burns, electrical burns, or damaged electronic components, these instructions must be followed precisely. Vehicles with automatic transmission—The engine cannot be started by push−starting. If you are unsure about how to follow this procedure, we strongly recommend that you seek the help of a competent me- chanic or towing service.
CAUTION
D Batteries
contain
sulfuric
acid which is poisonous and corrosive. Wear protective safety glasses when jump starting, and avoid spilling acid on your skin, clothing, or ve- hicle.
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JUMP STARTING PROCEDURE 1. If
the booster battery is installed in another vehicle, make sure the vehicles are not touching. Turn off all unneces- sary lights and accessories. When boosting, use the battery of matching or higher quality. Any other battery may be difficult to jump start with. If battery for several minutes.
jump starting is difficult, charge the
2. If required, remove all
the vent plugs from the booster and discharged batter- ies. Lay a cloth over the open vents on the batteries. (This helps reduce the explosion hazard, personal injuries and burns.)
3. If
the engine in the vehicle with the booster battery is not running, start it and let it run for a few minutes. During jump starting, run the engine at about 2000 rpm with the accelerator pedal lightly depressed.
D If you should accidentally get acid on yourself or in your eyes, remove any contaminated clothing and flush the affected area with water imme- diately. Then get immediate medical attention. If possible, continue to apply water with a sponge or cloth while en route to the medical office. D The gas normally produced by a battery will explode if a flame or spark is brought near. Use only standardized jumper cables and do not smoke or light a match while jump starting.
NOTICE
The battery used for boosting must be 12 V. Do not jump start unless you are sure that the booster battery is correct.
198
Discharged battery
Booster battery
Positive terminal (“+” mark)
Jumper cable
Positive terminal (“+” mark)
4. Make the cable connections in the or-
the clamp of
der a, b, c, d. a. Connect the positive (red) jumper cable to the positive (+) terminal on the discharged battery. b. Connect the clamp at the other end of jumper cable to the positive (+) terminal on the booster battery.
the positive (red)
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Jumper cable
Discharged battery
Negative terminal (“−” mark)
Booster battery
the clamp of
the negative c. Connect (black) jumper cable to the negative (–) terminal on the booster battery. d. Connect the clamp at the other end of the negative (black) jumper cable to a solid, stationary, unpainted, metallic point of the vehicle with the discharged battery. The recommended connecting points are shown in the following illustrations:
40h040
40h058
Connecting point for 1GR−FE engine
Connecting point for 1KD−FTV engine
40h027a
Connecting point for 2TR−FE engine
Do not connect any part is cranked.
the cable to or near that moves when the engine
CAUTION
When making the connections, to avoid death or serious injury, do not lean over the battery or accidentally let the jumper cables or clamps touch anything except the correct battery terminals or the ground.
199
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If your engine stalls while driving If your engine stalls while driving... 1. Reduce your speed gradually, keeping a straight line. Move cautiously off the road to a safe place.
2. Turn on your emergency flashers. 3. Try starting the engine again. If vehicle will not start” on page 196.
the engine will not start, see “If your
CAUTION
If the engine is not running, the pow- er assist for the brakes and steering will not work so steering and braking will be much harder than usual.
HILUX (Q) OM71122E
If the first start attempt is not success- ful... Check that the clamp on the jumper cables are tight. Recharge the discharged battery with the jumper cables connected for several minutes and restart your en- gine in the normal way. If another attempt the battery may be depleted. Have it checked at your Toyota dealer.
is not successful,
5. Diesel−powered vehicles only:
Charge the discharged battery with jumper cable connected for approxi- mately 5 minutes. At this time, run the engine in the vehicle with the booster battery at about 2000 rpm with the ac- celerator pedal
lightly depressed.
6. Start your engine in the normal way. After starting, run it at about 2000 rpm for several minutes with the accelerator pedal
lightly depressed.
7. Carefully disconnect
the cables in the exact reverse order; the negative cable and then the positive cable.
8. Carefully dispose of
the battery cover cloths—they may now contain sulfuric acid.
9. If removed, replace all the battery vent
plugs.
If the cause of your battery discharging is not apparent (for example, lights left on), you should have it checked at your Toyota dealer.
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If you cannot increase engine speed If engine speed does not increase when the accelerator pedal is depressed, there may be a problem somewhere in the elec- tronic throttle control system (gasoline en- gine) or electronic engine control system (diesel engine). At this time, vibration may occur. Howev- er, if you depress the accelerator pedal more firmly and slowly, you can drive your vehicle at low speeds. Have your Toyota checked by your Toyota dealer as soon as possible. Even if the abnormality in the electronic throttle control system (gasoline engine) or electronic engine control system (diesel engine) is corrected during low speed driv- ing, the system may not be recovered until the engine is stopped and the ignition key is turned to “ACC” or “LOCK” posi- tion.
CAUTION
Gasoline engine: Be especially careful to prevent erro- neous pedal operation.
If your vehicle overheats If your engine coolant temperature gauge indicates overheating, if you ex- perience a loss of power, or if you hear a loud knocking or pinging noise, the engine has probably overheated. You should follow this procedure... 1. Pull safely off
the road, stop the ve- hicle and turn on your emergency flashers. Put the transmission in “P” (automatic) or neutral (manual) and ap- ply the parking brake. Turn off the air conditioning if
is being used.
it
2. If coolant or steam is boiling out of the radiator or reservoir, stop the engine. Wait until the steam subsides before opening the hood. If there is no coolant boiling over or steam, leave the engine running.
CAUTION
injury, keep To help avoid personal the hood closed until there is no steam. Escaping steam or coolant is a sign of very high pressure.
3. Visually check to see if
the engine drive belt (fan belt) is broken or loose. Look for obvious coolant leaks from the radiator, hoses, and under the vehicle. However, note that water draining from the air conditioning is normal it has been used.
if
CAUTION
When the engine is running, keep hands and clothing away from the moving fan and engine drive belts.
4. If the engine drive belt is broken or the coolant is leaking, stop the engine im- mediately. Call a Toyota dealer for as- sistance.
5. If
the engine drive belt
is O.K. and there are no obvious leaks, you may help the engine cool down more quickly by running it at about 1500 rpm for a few minutes with the accelerator pedal lightly depressed.
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6. Check the coolant reservoir. If it is dry, to the reservoir while the add coolant engine is running. Fill it about half full. For the coolant type, see “Coolant type selection” on page 245.
CAUTION
Do not attempt to remove the radiator cap when the engine and radiator are hot. Serious injury could result from scalding hot fluid and steam blown out under pressure.
7. After
the engine coolant
temperature has cooled to normal, again check the coolant level in the reservoir. If neces- sary, bring it up to half full again. Seri- ous coolant loss indicates a leak in the system. You should have it checked as soon as possible at your Toyota dealer.
202
If you have a flat tire— 1. Reduce your speed gradually, keeping a straight line. Move cautiously off the road to a safe place well away from the traffic. Avoid stopping on the center divider of a highway. Park on a level spot with firm ground.
2. Stop the engine and turn on your
emergency flashers.
3. Firmly set
the parking brake and put the transmission in “P” (automatic) or reverse (manual).
4. Have everyone get out of
the vehicle
on the side away from traffic.
5. Read the following instructions thor-
oughly.
CAUTION
When jacking, be sure to observe the following to reduce the possibility of death or serious injury: D Follow jacking instructions. D Do not put any part of your body under the vehicle supported by the jack. Otherwise, death or serious injury may occur.
D Do not start or run the engine while your vehicle is supported by the jack.
D Stop the vehicle on a level
firm ground, firmly set the parking brake the transmission in “P” and put (automatic) or reverse (manual). Block the wheel diagonally opposite to the one being changed if neces- sary.
D Make sure to set the jack properly in the jack point. Raising the ve- hicle with jack improperly posi- tioned will damage the vehicle or may allow the vehicle to fall off the jack and cause death or serious in- jury.
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07/12/21
D Never get under the vehicle when the vehicle is supported by the jack alone.
D Use the jack only for lifting your
vehicle during wheel changing.
D Do not raise the vehicle with some-
one in the vehicle.
D When raising the vehicle, do not place any objects on top of or un- derneath the jack.
D Raise the vehicle only high enough
to remove and change the tire.
NOTICE
Do not continue driving with a de- flated tire. Driving even a short dis- tance can damage a tire and wheel beyond repair.
—Required tools and spare tire
40h023
40h025
40h025aSingle−cab models
Double−cab models
the required tools and spare
1. Get tire. 1. 2. Tool bag
Jack
40h024
Extra−cab models
To prepare yourself for an emergency, you should familiarize yourself with the use of the jack, each of the tools and their stor- age locations. When storing the jack, put it in place and secure to prevent from flying forward during a collision or sudden braking.
it
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in direction 1
the jack is free.
Turn the jack joint by hand. To remove: Turn the joint until To store: Turn the joint in direction 2 until the jack is firmly secured to prevent it flying forward during a collision or sudden braking.
To remove the spare tire: 1. Put a wheel nut wrench,
jack handle extensions and jack handle end togeth- er as shown in the illustration. 1 Jack handle end 2 Jack handle extensions 3 Wheel nut wrench
CAUTION
Make sure they are each securely fixed with screws.
When connecting a jack handle extension with jack handle end, use a Phillips−head screwdriver or your hand to tighten the bolts on the joints as shown in the il- lustration. Make sure that the hollow faces to the bolt on any joint when you tighten the bolts.
NOTICE
Tighten all joints securely. Otherwise, the extension may come off and it may damage the paint or vehicle body.
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40h003
40h036
40h035a
2. Insert
the jack handle end with the extensions into the lowering screw through the access hole and turn it counterclockwise by pushing it to the front
lightly.
NOTICE
To protect the paint, place several sheets of paper over the paintwork.
3. After the tire is lowered completely to the ground, remove the holding bracket as shown in the illustration.
When storing the spare tire, put it in place with the outer side of the wheel facing up and hook the holding bracket as shown in the illustration. After the tire goes half the suspended chain way up, check that is able to enter the tire hole, for proper storage. Then secure the tire, taking care that the tire goes straight up without catching on the chain of any other part, to prevent it from flying during a collision or sudden braking. Check the tire from the side to see that the tire is stored horizontally.
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—Blocking the wheel
—Removing wheel ornament (except two−wheel drive models with aluminum wheels)
3. Remove the wheel ornament. Pry off beveled end of shown.
the wheel ornament, using the the wheel nut wrench as
CAUTION
Do not try to pull off the ornament by hand. Take due care in handling the ornament to avoid unexpected person- al
injury.
40h021
40h009
Type A
2. Block the wheel diagonally opposite the flat tire to keep the vehicle from rolling when it is jacked up.
When blocking the wheel, place a wheel block in front of one of the front wheels or behind one of
the rear wheels.
40h012
Type B
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—Loosening wheel nuts
—Positioning the jack
CAUTION
Front of two−wheel drive models
Never use oil or grease on the bolts or nuts. The nuts may loosen and the wheels may fall off, which could cau- se serious accident.
40h026
4. Loosen all the wheel nuts. Always loosen the wheel nuts before rais- ing the vehicle. Turn the wheel nuts counterclockwise to loosen. To get maximum leverage, fit the wrench to the nut so that the handle is on the right side, as shown above. Grab the wrench near the handle and pull up on the handle. Be careful that the wrench does not slip off Do not remove the nuts yet—just unscrew them about one−half
the end of
the nut.
turn.
Front of four−wheel drive models
40h039
Rear
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—Raising your vehicle
To raise the vehicle, insert the jack handle end into the jack (it is a loose fit) and turn it clockwise with the wheel nut wrench, making sure the wheel nut wrench remains firmly fitted onto the jack handle extension. As the jack touches the vehicle and begins to lift, double−check that it is properly positioned.
CAUTION
Never get under the vehicle when the vehicle is supported by the jack alone.
5. Position the jack at the correct jack
points as shown. Two−wheel drive models
Front—Under the side rail Rear—Under the rear axle housing
Four−wheel drive models
Front—Under the cross member Rear—Under the rear axle housing Make sure the jack is positioned on a level and solid place.
40h006
6. After making sure no one is in the vehicle, raise it high enough so that the spare tire can be installed.
Remember you will need more ground clearance when putting on the spare tire than when removing the flat
tire.
208
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—Changing wheels
07/12/21
—Removing wheel ornament (on two−wheel drive models with aluminum wheels)
40h022
40h001
40h011
7. Remove the wheel nuts and change
tires.
it
the flat
the spare wheel
tire straight off and put
Lift aside. into position and Roll align the holes in the wheel with the bolts. Then lift up the wheel and get at least the top bolt started through its hole. Wiggle the tire and press it back over the other bolts.
Before putting on wheels, remove any cor- rosion on the mounting surfaces with a wire brush or such. Installation of wheels without good metal−to−metal contact at the mounting surface can cause wheel nuts to loosen and eventually cause a wheel to come off while driving.
8. Remove the wheel ornament. Before stowing the flat remove the wheel ornament by pushing from the re- verse side.
tire,
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—Reinstalling wheel nuts
—Lowering your vehicle
9. Reinstall all
the wheel nuts finger
tight. Reinstall the wheel nuts (tapered end in- ward) and tighten them as much as you can by hand. Press back on the tire and see if you can tighten them more.
CAUTION
Never use oil or grease on the bolts or nuts. Doing so may lead to over- tightening the nuts and damaging the bolts. The nuts may loosen and the wheels may fall off, which could cau- se serious accident. If there is oil or grease on any bolt or nut, clean it.
40h018
Two−wheel drive models
40h019
Four−wheel drive models
40h030
Steel wheel
40h017
Aluminum wheel
210
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10. Lower
the vehicle completely and
tighten the wheel nuts.
Turn the jack handle end with the exten- sions counterclockwise to lower the ve- hicle, making sure the handle remains firmly fitted onto the jack handle exten- sion. Use only the wheel nut wrench and turn it clockwise to tighten the nuts. Do not use other tools or any additional leverage other than your hands, such as a hammer, pipe or your foot. Make sure the wrench is securely engaged over the nut. Tighten each nut a little at a time in the order shown. Repeat the process until all the nuts are tight.
CAUTION
D When lowering the vehicle, make sure all portions of your body and all other persons around will not be injured as the vehicle is lowered to the ground.
D Two−wheel drive models: Have the wheel nuts tightened by torque wrench to 121 N·m (12.3 kgf·m, 89
ft·lbf) for aluminum wheel and 152
N·m (15.5 kgf·m, 112 ft·lbf) for steel wheel, as soon as possible after changing wheels. Otherwise, the nuts may loosen and the wheels may fall off, which could cause se- rious accident.D Four−wheel drive models: Have the wheel nuts tightened by torque wrench to 105 N·m (10.7 kgf·m, 77.4
ft·lbf), as soon as possible after changing wheels. Otherwise, the nuts may loosen and the wheels may fall off, which could cause se- rious accident.07/12/21
—Reinstalling wheel ornament
40h031
Type A
Type B
40h032
211
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—After changing wheels 12. Check the air pressure of
placed tire.
the re-
If
Adjust the air pressure to the specification designated on page 271. the pressure is lower, drive slowly to the nearest ser- vice station and fill to the correct pres- sure. Do not forget to reinstall the tire inflation valve cap as dirt and moisture could get into the valve core and possibly cause air leakage. If the cap is missing, have a new one put on as soon as possible. 13. Restore all
jack and flat
the tools,
tire securely.
As soon after changing wheels as pos- sible, tighten the wheel nuts to the torque specified on page 271 with a torque wrench. Have a technician repair the flat tire and replace the spare tire with it. This is the same procedure for changing or rotating your tires.
CAUTION
D Take due care in handling the orna- ment to avoid unexpected personal injury.
D Do not attach a heavily damaged plastic wheel ornament. It may fly off the wheel and cause accidents while the vehicle is moving.
40h033
Type C
11. Reinstall the wheel ornament. Type A and B— Put the wheel ornament into position. And press hand firmly on one side of wheel ornament and then firmly tap the other side around the edge of wheel ornament with the heel of your hand to snap into place. Type C— Push the wheel ornament into the center hole.
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CAUTION
the Before driving, make sure all tools, jack and flat tire are securely in place in their storage location to reduce the possibility of death or ser- ious injury during a collision or sud- den braking.
If your vehicle becomes stuck If your vehicle becomes stuck in snow, mud, sand, etc., then you may attempt to rock the vehicle free by moving it forward and backward.
CAUTION
Do not attempt to rock the vehicle free by moving it forward and back- ward if people or objects are any- where near the vehicle. During the rocking operation the vehicle may suddenly move forward or backward as it becomes unstuck, causing injury to nearby people or damage to ob- jects.
NOTICE
If you rock your vehicle, observe the following precautions to prevent dam- age to the transmission and other parts. z Do not depress the accelerator ped- al while shifting the selector lever or before the transmission is com- pletely shifted to forward or reverse gear.
z Do not race the engine and avoid
spinning the wheels.
z If your vehicle remains stuck after rocking the vehicle several times, consider other ways such as tow- ing.
213
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If your vehicle needs to be towed—
(a) Towing with wheel
lift type truck—
(a) Towing with wheel
lift type truck—
—From front
